Part II: the Sugar Industry
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Benjamin Franklin Rum Is a Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Made
“There cannot be good living where there is not good drinking” -Benjamin Franklin Rum is a distilled alcoholic beverage made from sugarcane byproducts, such as molasses, or directly from sugarcane juice, by a process of fermentation and distillation. The distillate, a clear liquid, is then usually aged in oak barrels. The majority of the world's rum production occurs in the Caribbean and Latin America. Rums are produced in various grades. Light rums are commonly used in cocktails, whereas "golden" and "dark" rums are typically consumed neat or on the rocks. JW Marriott Marco Island Beach Resort | 400 South Collier Boulevard, Marco Island, Florida 34145 | 239-394-2511 1 A RUM TOUR BARBADOS Afrohead 7 Yr- amber 14 molasses and Bourbon wood accents with a ghost of vanilla Afrohead xo 15 Yr- dark 20 creamy and builds to a toffee and caramel Facundo Neo-white 20 vanilla coconut apple banana pepper Facundo Eximo – dark oak 24 walnut and vanilla with a round buttery texture Facundo Exquisito – light Cherrywood 32 vanilla dried raisins and apricots hint of butterscotch Facundo Paraiso- deep amber 38 sweet fruit caramel Mt Gay Eclipse- amber 12 subtle smokiness medium body with a bright finish Mt Gay XO - deep amber 20 ripe banana toast vanilla Plantation 20th Anniversary XO - amber 20 coffee bean notes hearty wood and backing sweetness BRAZIL Leblon Cachaca- white 13 fresh cut sugar cane spices and fruits BERMUDA Goslings Black Seal- black 12 butterscotch vanilla and caramel JW Marriott Marco Island Beach Resort | 400 South Collier Boulevard, -
Images of the Caribbean : Materials Development on a Pluralistic Society
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 1-1-1982 Images of the Caribbean : materials development on a pluralistic society. Gloria. Gordon University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1 Recommended Citation Gordon, Gloria., "Images of the Caribbean : materials development on a pluralistic society." (1982). Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014. 2245. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1/2245 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. IMAGES OP THE CARIBBEAN - MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT ON A PLURALISTIC SOCIETY A Dissertation Presented by Gloria Mark Gordon Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF EDUCATION May 1 982 School of Education © 1982 GLORIA MARK GORDON All Rights Reserved IMAGES OF THE CARIBBEAN - MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT ON A PLURALISTIC SOCIETY A Dissertation Presented by Gloria Mark Gordon Approved as to style and content by: Georg? E. Urch, Chairperson ) •. aJb...; JL Raljih Faulkinghairi, Member u l i L*~- Mario FanbfLni , Dean School of (Education This work is dedicated to my daughter Yma, my sisters Carol and Shirley, my brother Ainsley, my great aunt Virginia Davis, my friend and mentor Wilfred Cartey and in memory of my parents Albert and Thelma Mark iii . ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work owes much, to friends and colleagues who provided many elusive forms of sustenance: Ivy Evans, Joan Sandler, Elsie Walters, Ellen Mulato, Nana Seshibe, Hilda Kokuhirwa, Colden Murchinson, Sibeso Mokub. -
Sugar and Sweeteners Outlook
Electronic Outlook Report from the Economic Research Service United States Department www.ers.usda.gov of Agriculture SSS-245 Jan. 31, 2006 Sugar and Sweeteners Outlook Stephen Haley, David Kelch, and Andy Jerardo Increased Sugar Imports Compensate for Sugar Production Downturn Contents On January 12, 2006, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) published its latest U.S. Sugar sugar supply and utilization projections for the 2006 fiscal year (FY) in the World Mexican Sugar Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report. Beet sugar production & HFCS was projected at 4.435 million short tons, raw value (STRV), an increase of 79,000 European Union-25 STRV over the projection in the November WASDE. This increase was due to better Sugar Policy expected recovery in the Upper Midwest and the Pacific Far West. Cane sugar Maple Syrup production was projected at 3.158 million STRV. Both Florida and Louisiana have U.S. Coffee and Tea had difficult harvest seasons after major hurricanes. Florida’s production was Consumption projected at 1.455 million, the lowest level since FY 1990. Louisiana’s production At-A-Glance was projected at 1.263 million STRV, actually a slight improvement after last year’s Contact & Links disappointing season. Overall, FY 2006 production is projected to be 283,000 less than in FY 2005. Tables U.S. sugarbeet crop Beet sugar processors’ Sugar imports were projected at 2.77 million STRV, an increase of 674,000 STRV Sugar tariff-rate quota over FY 2005 imports and 590,000 STRV over FY 2006 imports projected in U.S. -
Nobu Miami Beverage Drinks Menu
NOBU'S SAKE SELECTION The Hokusetsu Brewery on Sado Island in the Sea of Japan has been operated by the Hazu family since 1871. The name "Hokusetsu", or “Northern Snow”, was chosen to reflect the ideal sake brewing conditions on the island during the coldest days of winter. Chef Nobu first experienced Hokusetsu sake when his Japanese rock-musician friend brought a bottle to the original Matsuhisa restaurant in Beverly Hills. Impressed by the quality, Nobu obtained exclusive rights to sell Hokusetsu sake in the United States. JUNMAI DAIGINJO TK40 GENSHU ENSHINBUNRI 'HIKARI' The rare hybrid rice grain, Koshitanrei, is polished to 40% of its original size to produce this premium sake. Elegant floral flavors of Orange Blossom, Elderflower, and White Tea are found in this powerful Genshu, or undiluted sake. Bottle 24 oz $680 DAIGINJO YK35 SHIZUKU The most sought-after rice grain, Yamada Nishiki, is polished to 35% of its original size to produce this premium sake. The sake is extracted through a slow drip process that highlights delicate flavors of Lychee, Honeydew, and Pear. Fruit forward and amazingly smooth. Bottle 24 oz $560 DAIGINJO YK35 SHIZUKU JUKUSEI KOSHU This is the YK35 Shizuku, aged for three years. The aging process has added structure to the delicate Nashi Pear flavor becoming highly complex with a deep richness not found in young sake. This is made in extremely limited quantities. Bottle 60 oz $3500 NOBU SAKE SELECTION GINJO NIGORI Unfiltered, dry and creamy Glass Bottle 16 oz $12 $64 Pepino Light-bodied crisp and dry with a -
The Origins and Development of the U.S. Sugar Program, 1934-1959
The Origins and Development of the U.S. Sugar Program, 1934-1959 Richard Sicotte University of Vermont [email protected] Alan Dye Barnard College, Columbia University [email protected] Preliminary draft. Please do not cite. Paper prepared for the 14th International Economic History Conference August 21-25, 2006 1 Recent trade talks in the WTO indicate that the powerful US sugar lobby continues to be a roadblock to agricultural liberalization. It calls attention to a need for better understanding of the complex quota-based regulations that have governed the US sugar trade for so long. In 1934 the United States shifted its sugar protection policy from emphasizing the tariff to a comprehensive system of quotas. It was revised in 1937. After its suspension for much of World War II, a new Sugar Act was passed in 1948, and further revised in 1951 and 1956. It has been in almost continuous operation since 1934. This paper examines the origins and development of the Sugar Program from 1934 to 1959. Why did the United States adopt sugar quotas? What were the rules set up to implement and govern the policy? How did they function? The sugar quota was adopted after the U.S. government determined that the long-standing policy using the tariff to protect the domestic industry was failing. A principal reason was that the tariff was not raising the price of sugar because, by diminishing the imports of Cuban sugar, it was causing severe decline in wages and costs on that island. In turn, Cuban sugar was being offered at ever lower prices. -
RUM 12-YR, Jamaica
APPLETONRuM 12-YR, Jamaica ....................................................................................................... BaR 43% nutty, rich & creamyC withaR taste of spicediB molassesbE & biscuitsaN APPLETON SIGNATURE BLEND, Jamaica ......................................................................40% golden, fruity nose, spicy & woodsy flavors with a sweet finish * APPLETON 21-YR, Jamaica ....................................................................................................43% nutty & rich, thick full notes of cocoa, sugar & oak with a long finish RON ATLANTICO RESERVA, Dominican Republic ....................................................40% solera blend, tropical fruit flavors, earthy oak, notes of vanilla ANGOSTURA 7-YR, Trinidad & Tobago .............................................................................40% dark amber hue, robust, flutterings of treacle, chocolate and smokiness BLACKWELL, Jamaica .................................................................................................................40% sweet flavours like caramel, black strap molasses, coconut & hints of vanilla BANKS RUM 5 ISLAND BLEND, Caribbean ....................................................................43% flavorful dry full-bodied white rum blend, vegetal & herbal notes, ginger & black pepper BANKS RUM 7 GOLDEN AGE, Caribbean ........................................................................43% ex-bourbon barrel-aged rum blend, medium body, dry, spicy, complex BACARDI BLACK, Cuba...........................................................................................................37.5% -
Health Promotion in Early Childhood Education Settings: Rapid Evidence Review
Health promotion in early childhood education settings Rapid evidence review Prepared for the Early Childhood Health Promoter, Communities Team by the Information Team Community & Public Health June 2018 The information contained in this document may be derived from a number of sources. Although the CDHB has taken reasonable steps to ensure that the information is accurate, it accepts no liability or responsibility for any acts or omissions, done or omitted in reliance in whole or in part, on the information. Further, the contents of the document should be considered in relation to the time of its publication, as new evidence may have become available since publication. The Canterbury District Health Board accepts no responsibility for the manner in which this information is subsequently used. © Canterbury District Health Board, 2018 Executive summary Background Development during early childhood lays the foundation for health, education, social, employment and economic outcomes throughout the life course. Many young New Zealand children spend time in early childhood education (ECE) settings, making them an ideal location for health promotion. A settings-based approach to health promotion is also more promising in terms of addressing health inequities as it focuses on modifying the wider environmental aspects of a setting; not solely educating individuals within that setting. Methods This rapid evidence review presents evidence from recently-published reviews on the effectiveness of health promotion interventions in several areas - sun safety, physical activity, oral health, nutrition, social and emotional wellbeing, and hand hygiene - delivered in ECE settings. Literature from New Zealand is included where relevant. Several limitations must be taken into account when interpreting the findings of this review. -
Transitioning the Sugarcane Industry to the Circular Economy in Central America
Transitioning the Sugarcane Industry to the Circular Economy in Central America. Can it lead the transformation in the food sector? Ronald Panameño, Professor & Researcher, Central American University UCA, Operations & Systems department. (corresponding author) [email protected] +(503) 7836 – 4659 Boulevar los próceres, San Salvador, El Salvador,CP 1101 Abstract The sugar industry is one of the leading economic sectors in Central America, as demonstrated by the industry’s output volume, labor utilization, and biomass energy use, all among the most significant in regional economic activity. At the same time, the industry imposes a heavy burden on Central American societies: it requires extensive land use, heavy use of nitrogen-based fertilizers, large amounts of water, and the emissions resulting from the industrial processes are a considerable source of pollution. The sugarcane industry’s current production cycles and machinery (the sugarcane mill being the most emblematic) were developed during the 19th century. Therefore, the industry follows a classic linear production workflow whereby it relies on significant asset investments that cannot be easily adapted to another industrial process; the main goal is usually to maximize production every harvest season disregarding the externalities. How can, then, this sector transforms this anachronistic industrial method to adapt to a framework of circular economic development? This paper analyzes current industrial trends and processes among leading sugar producers in Central América. We use Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology to evaluate an archetypal sugar mill and develop a simulated model of the environmental impacts of the industry using SimaPro software and the International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD) method; the results are applied to estimate sugar production and visualize the impact characterization. -
Sugar from the European Union, and Sugar from Belgium, France, and Germany
Sugar From The European Union, and Sugar From Belgium, France, and Germany Investigation No.104-TAA-7 (Second Review) and Investigation Nos. AA1921-198-200 (Second Review) Publication 3793 August 2005 U.S. International Trade Commission COMMISSIONERS Stephen Koplan, Chairman Deanna Tanner Okun, Vice Chairman Jennifer A. Hillman Charlotte R. Lane Daniel R. Pearson Shara L. Aranoff* Robert A. Rogowsky Director of Operations Staff assigned Jai Motwane, Investigator Falan Yinug, Investigator Douglas Newman, Industry Analyst Clark Workman, Economist Justin Jee, Accountant Karl von Schriltz, Attorney Steve Hudgens, Statistician Diane Mazur, Supervisory Investigator * Commissioner Shara L. Aranoff was sworn in on September 6, 2005. Commissioner Marcia Miller participated in these investigations. Address all communications to Secretary to the Commission United States International Trade Commission Washington, DC 20436 U.S. International Trade Commission Washington, DC 20436 www.usitc.gov Sugar From The European Union, and Sugar From Belgium, France, and Germany Investigation No.104-TAA-7 (Second Review) and Investigation Nos. AA1921-198-200 (Second Review) Publication 3793 August 2005 CONTENTS Page Determinations.................................................................. 1 Views of the Commission ......................................................... 3 Separate and additional views of Vice Chairman Deanna Tanner Okun and Commissioner Charlotte R. Lane................................................. 33 Separate views of Commissioner -
Agricultural Reforms, Land Distribution, and Non-Sugar Agricultural Production in Cuba
https://doi.org/10.7896/j.1817 Studies in Agricultural Economics 121 (2019) 13-20 Mario A. GONZALEZ-CORZO* Agricultural Reforms, Land Distribution, and Non-Sugar Agricultural Production in Cuba Since 2007, the Cuban government has introduced a series of agricultural reforms to increase non-sugar agricultural produc- tion and reduce the country’s dependency on food and agricultural imports. The most important agricultural reforms imple- mented in Cuba (so far) include: (a) increases in the prices paid by the state for selected agricultural products, (b) restructuring the Ministry of Agriculture (MINAGRI) and the Ministry of the Sugar Industry (MINAZ), (c) a new agricultural tax system, (d) the authorisation of direct sales and commercialisation of selected agricultural products, (e) micro-credits extended by state- owned banks to private farmers and usufructuaries, and (f) the expansion of usufruct farming. These reforms have contributed to the redistribution of Cuba’s agricultural land from the state to the non-state sector, notable reductions in idle (non-productive) agricultural land, and mixed results in terms of agricultural output. However, they have not been able to sufficiently incentiv- ise output and reduce the country’s high dependency on agricultural and food imports to satisfy the needs of its population. Achieving these long-desired objectives requires the implementation of more profound structural reforms in this vital sector of the Cuban economy. Keywords: Agricultural reforms, Cuban agriculture, Cuban economy, transition economies JEL classifications: Q15, Q18 * Lehman College, The City University of New York, School of Natural and Social Sciences, Department of Economics and Business, Carman Hall, 382, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468. -
An Overview of Sugar Cane Cogeneration in Six Central American Countries
BUN-CA AN OVERVIEW OF SUGAR CANE COGENERATION IN SIX CENTRAL AMERICAN COUNTRIES BUN-CA REGIONAL OFFICE FOR CENTRAL AMERICA DECEMBER, 1997 BUN-CA 1997 Acknowledgment The Central American Regional Office of Biomass Users Network (BUN-CA), wishes to express its appreciation to The Rockefeller Foundation for the financial support provided during the execution of this study. Thanks are also extended to the in-country consultants, who where responsible for the execution of the initial stage of the Central American Sugar Diversification Initiative in six Central American countries, and whose work made possible the task of preparing this regional overview. Ing. José Ma. Blanco, Costa Rica Ing. Orlando Aguilar, Panamá Ing. María Engracia Detrinidad, Nicaragua Ing. Ana María González, El Salvador Ing. Jorge Morazán, Honduras and our highest appreciation to our Regional Project Coordinator, Dr. Oscar Coto Ch., who also prepared the country study for Guatemala. We also wish to extend our thanks to Ms. Ellen Kennedy of Winrock International for making available important publications on Sugarcane Cogeneration. BUN-CA also appreciates the time and patience of many sugar mill owners and plant managers in Central America who shared their experience during our visits to their facilities. Thanks are also extended to representatives of AICA, Azucareros del Istmo Centroamericano, a regional organization that works closely with the sugar mill sector, for their invaluable comments and suggestions to the authors of this Report. BUN-CA 1997 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary Resumen Ejecutivo I. The Context of the Sugarcane Industry in Central America.............8 II. Central American Sugarcane Processing Overview.........................12 III. -
Sugar Cane Resources—Queensland & International
Selected Bibliography: Sugar Cane Resources—Queensland & International Formats: A= Video, film, filmstrip. B= Book. C= Calatogue. AMRA (Qld) (1998). Railways of Queensland: an album CD= CD-ROM. F= Fiche. M= Magazine. P= Pamphlet. R= of... Vol 3. Zillmere, Qld: Australian Model Railway Reference. V= Vertical file (loose/stapled). Y= Map. Association Queensland Branch Inc. A C Kalmbach Memorial Library Staff [Eds] (2003). Maple Half page, primarily B&W photos, with captions. Of Leaf 2003: The Clinics at Toronto NMRA Convention). particular interest are two cane railway photos. Format: B, Chattanooga, TN: NMRA. np. Selection of clinic notes from the 2003 NMRA National AMRA (Qld) (1999). Railways of Queensland: an album Convention. Includes Parsons, Stan, 'Sugar: A Sweet of... Vol 4. Zillmere, Qld: Australian Model Railway Industry for your Pike', pp 238-249. Format: B, 336 p. Association Queensland Branch Inc. ABC TV (1992). B&W Cane Harvesting Footage. Brisbane, Half page, primarily B&W photos, with captions. Cover has QLD: ABC TV. cane railway lift bridge (Moreton Mill), etc. Format: B, 48 p. Material from the ABC TV Archives on cane harvesting; AMRA (Qld) (2001). Railways of Queensland: an album restricted circulation. $100. Format: A, of... Vol 5. Zillmere, Qld: Australian Model Railway Association Queensland Branch Inc. AFFC/Look Television (1998). Railway Adventures across Australia: 1 Touching the Pacific. Surrey Hills, NSW: Half page, primarily B&W photos, with captions. Of Reader's Digest. particular interest are several cane railway photos, including Macknade Mill's Hudswell Clarke, Qunabe Mill's John 1 Touching the Pacific: Queensland tropical north to Sydney incl Kuranda, Mossman Mill sugar cane, Orient luxury train, Fowler, dual gauge at Marian Mill and a Bingera Mill Malcolm Moore modified for grass cutting duties.