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Terrestrial Ecosystem Mapping and Wildlife Interpretations for the Dunedin Study Area

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TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEM MAPPING AND WILDLIFE INTERPRETATIONS FOR THE DUNEDIN STUDY AREA by: for: Ksenia Barton, Linda Veach, Gillian Radcliffe, and Pamela Williams SLOCAN FOREST PRODUCTS LIMITED MADRONE CONSULTANTS LTD. Fort Nelson, B. C. October 1998 Acknowledgments ACKNOWLEDGMENTS A particular thank you is owed to Bob Christie of Slocan Forest Products for making this project possible and for his assistance throughout. We also thank Melanie Clark and Mary Osika for their help in many aspects. This project would not have been possible without the support of Slocan Forest Products and the funding of Forest Renewal British Columbia. Craig DeLong of the Prince George Forest Region provided a great deal of assistance in the classification of the BWBSmw2 and the SWBmk. Del Meidinger and Will MacKenzie of the B.C. Ministry of Forests (MOF) provided advice on mapping the biogeoclimatic units, and on wetland classification, respectively. Ted Lea and Corey Erwin of the B.C. Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks (B.C. MOELP) made useful comments on draft ecosystem mapping and on a draft version of this report. Bob Maxwell of the B.C. MOELP did the same for bioterrain mapping. Carmen Cadrin of the B.C. MOELP advised on expanded legend formats. Wayne Blashill audited some plots on behalf of the Prince George Forest Region and provided useful comments. Difficult plant specimens were identified by Terry MacIntosh (vascular plants and bryophytes), Chris Brayshaw (willows), and Trevor Goward (lichens). Additional funding for this was provided by the B.C. MOELP. The Conservation Data Centre provided lists of rare species. Thanks to Lisa Wilkinson, Bruce Harrison, and Andy Stewart of the B.C. MOELP for review of the wildlife species-habitat models and Calvin Tolkamp for comments on an earlier draft. Thanks also go to the many people who assisted with helpful discussions of their expertise and experiences with wildlife in the north including Bryan Webster, Tony Hamilton, Michel Labine, Jim Hart, Byron Zukewich, Richard Weir, Mari Wood, and Doug Heard. Many thanks also to the numerous people in the B.C. MOELP who provided additional information and assistance in acquiring publications. Jan Teversham mapped nearby areas and provided invaluable advice at every stage of the project. Stephan Kesting provided emergency ecosystem mapping services. Hugh Hamilton Ltd. did the digital mapping for this project under demanding time constraints. We are grateful to all those who participated in the fieldwork for this project; they contributed a spirit of teamwork along with their expertise. Highland Helicopters and Northern Mountain Helicopters provided helicopter transportation during fieldwork. During our stay at the luxurious Tackama camp, Kathy MacDonald and her family prepared delicious meals for us. We also stayed at Toad River Lodge. Thanks also go to the administrative and office support staff essential to the success of this project. Kate Miller had the challenge of coordinating the fieldwork, mapping, and report writing for this project. Caroline Whittaker contributed to the grizzly, fisher, and marten species accounts. Dana Becker contributed to the caribou model and caribou habitat ratings. Julie Williams, Tania Tripp, Ardice Neudorf, and Christine Haubrick variously assisted in preparing ecosystem, bioterrain and wildlife databases, report appendices, and in report formatting. Tania also assisted in wildlife interpretations. Janet Hughes-Adams produced the study area map. Terrestrial Ecosystem Mapping and Wildlife Interpretations for the Dunedin Study Area Madrone Consultants Ltd. 1998 i Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................... Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................................... List of Tables, Figures, and Photographs .................................................................................................. 1.0 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................1 1.1 Objectives....................................................................................................................................1 1.2 Physical Description of Study Area .............................................................................................1 1.2.1 Geology and Terrain .............................................................................................................2 1.2.2 Soils ......................................................................................................................................2 1.3 Vegetation ...................................................................................................................................3 1.4 Wildlife.........................................................................................................................................3 2.0 METHODOLOGY...........................................................................................................................4 2.1 Data Sources and Background Information ................................................................................4 2.1.1 Vegetation.............................................................................................................................4 2.1.2 Terrain/Soils..........................................................................................................................4 2.2 Field Work and Personnel...........................................................................................................4 2.2.1 Plant Species Identification...................................................................................................5 2.3 Bioterrain Mapping ......................................................................................................................5 2.4 Ecosystem Mapping....................................................................................................................5 2.5 Ecosystem Map Reliability and Data Limitations ........................................................................6 2.5.1 Survey Intensity ....................................................................................................................6 2.5.2 Biogeoclimatic Unit Mapping ................................................................................................6 2.5.3 Aerial Photograph Interpretation of Ecosystem Units...........................................................7 3.0 BIOGEOCLIMATIC ECOSYSTEM CLASSIFICATION.................................................................8 3.1 Ecoregion Units...........................................................................................................................8 3.2 Biogeoclimatic Units....................................................................................................................8 3.3 Ecosystem Units..........................................................................................................................9 4.0 ECOSYSTEM UNITS...................................................................................................................13 4.1 Sources of Disturbance.............................................................................................................13 4.2 Vegetation Summary Tables.....................................................................................................14 4.3 Fort Nelson Moist Warm Boreal White and Black Spruce (BWBSmw2)...................................15 4.3.1 Forested Ecosystem Units..................................................................................................15 4.3.2 Shrub and Herb-Dominated Ecosystem Units....................................................................42 4.3.3 Non-Vegetated, Sparsely Vegetated, and Anthropogenic Units - BWBSmw2...................50 4.4 Kledo Wet Cool Boreal White and Black Spruce (BWBSwk3)..................................................53 4.4.1 Forested Ecosystem Units..................................................................................................53 4.4.2 Shrub and Herb-Dominated Ecosystem Units....................................................................59 4.4.3 Non-Vegetated and Sparsely Vegetated Units...................................................................64 4.5 Moist Cool Spruce Willow Birch (SWBmk)................................................................................65 4.5.1 Woodland Ecosystem Units................................................................................................65 4.5.2 Shrub and Herb-Dominated Ecosystem Units....................................................................80 4.5.3 Non-Vegetated and Sparsely Vegetated Units...................................................................87 4.6 Moist Cool Scrub Spruce Willow Birch (SWBmks) ...................................................................88 4.6.1 Shrub and Herb-Dominated Ecosystem Units....................................................................88 4.6.2 Non-Vegetated and Sparsely Vegetated Units...................................................................93 4.7 Alpine Tundra (AT)....................................................................................................................94
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