'Pcnnsyl\'an1a ittcnnonltc

Volume 26, Number 1 January 2003

) .' Contributors to This Issue

Noah L. Hershey, son of Noah Hershey and Marie Denlinger, was born on July 8, 1920, on a farm in West Sadsbury Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. Following graduation from high school in 1938, he attended the Short Term Winter Bible School in Harrisonburg, Virginia, in 1940 and 1941. On November 27, 1941, with Bishop Abram Martin officiating, he married Alta Mary Leaman; this union was blessed with two sons and six daughters. In 1946 he was ordained as a min­ ister for the Parkesburg Mennonite Church and in 1973 as a bishop for the Millwood District of the Lancaster Mennonite Conference, where he served until his retirement in 1991. From 1981 to 1991 he served as Moderator of Lancaster Mennonite Conference. He served on the board of the Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society from 1977 to 1991, including 11 years as chair of that board from 1980 to 1991. In 1989 he edited a genealogy entitled The Descendants of John Eby Hershel) and Anna Mellinger Hershey. He may be reached at 8875 North Moscow Road, Parkesburg, PA 19365- 1822.

Denise Witwer Lahr, like Peter Eby, was raised in Warwick Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. She received the B.A. (1972) in General Arts and Sciences from Penn State, University Park, and an M.A. (1982) from the University of California at Berkeley, where she also served as a lecturer in microbiology. Currently, she does substitute teaching in the Middletown Area School District. Her recent interest in family history was prompted by the discovery of an incomplete genealogical outline of the Lahr family and letters from Germany found among the possessions of Lester Lahr, her late father-in-law. She may be reached at 709 Cricket Glen Road, Hummelstown, PA, 17036, and [email protected].

David J. Rempel Smucker, editor of Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage since 1987, was born in Bluffton, Ohio. He attended Bluffton College, Bluffton, Ohio, and Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio (1971). Graduate studies included an M.A. (1973) from Hartford Seminary Foundation, Hartford, Connecticut, and a Ph.D. (1981) from Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, in the field of church history. Employed by the Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society since 1981, he has done historical and genealogical research and writing, planned tours, lectures and conferences, lectured to church and secular groups, taught a course for congregational historians, and serves as chair of the Mennonite Sources and Documents executive committee. He has written articles in Mennonite periodicals on the topics of family history and hymnology. He did historical and genealogical research in Switzerland, Germany, and France in 1985 and 1986 on a leave of absence. His address is 916 Walnut Street, Akron, PA 17501.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage {ISSN 0148-4036) is the quarterly six weeks in advance. magazine of the Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, 2215 Millstream Direct editorial mail to 2215 Millstream Road, Lancaster, PA 17602. Road, Lancaster, PA 17602. It focuses on the historical background, The editor will be pleased to consider unsolicited manuscripts and religious thought and expression, culture, and genealogy of the photographs sent for publication but accepts no responsibility for Mennonite-related groups originating in Pennsylvania. It publishes manuscripts not accompanied by return postage. Phone (717) 393-9745. material in the context of the broader mission of the Lancaster Copyright 2003 by the Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, 2215 Mennonite Historical Society: To educate and inspire Mennonite families Millstream Road, Lancaster, PA 17602. and congregations and the broader community through the promotion Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage is printed by Stauffer Printing, Inc., of the history, beliefs, and lifestyle of the Mennonite expression of the Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The body text is 10-point Palatine>- Type and Anabaptist tradition. Articles appearing in this magazine are annotated graphic elements are electronically assembled on a Macintosh G3 and indexed in Historical Abstracts, America: History and Life and computer using; QuarkXPress 4.11, Adobe PhotoShop 6, and Adobe Genealogical Periodical Annual Index. Periodicals postage paid at Lancaster. Illustrator 9. Halftones are scanned on an Agfa Duoscan T2000 XL flatbed Single copies, $9.50 each ppd., $6.00 at Society. Regular, annual scanner. Lasers are proofed from a Hewlett-Packard 8000N (600 dpi) laser membership $25.00. Five-year cumulative indexes of authors-subjects printer, final film is plotted on a Linotronic 330 irnagesetter at a resolution and titles, every name, and errata-addenda: 1978-1982 at $14.95 ppd., of 2540 and 150 line screen. The text paper is 60-lb. Springhill ivory. The 1983-1987 at $18.95 ppd., 1988-1992 at $18.95 ppd., and 1993-1997 at cover paper is 65-lb. Springhill ivory smooth. Issues are printed on a $14.95 ppd. Address changes should be forwarded to Lancaster at least Heidelberg 2-color press and stitched on a Harris pocket saddle binder. STAFF 1Jennsyl"an1a tltennoni-tre Editor David J. Rempel Smucker Editorial Assistant Lola M. Lehman C1'it~gc Proofreader John B. Shenk Circulation Volume 26, Number 1 January 2003 Dorothy D. Siegrist Editorial Council IN THIS ISSUE (2001 - 2003) Eugene K. Engle The Millwood Community and its Mennonite Congregation 2 by Noah L. Hershey Lorraine Roth Stephen Scott The Life and Legacy of Peter Eby of Warwick Township 9 (2002- 2004) by Denise Witwer Lahr Leonard Gross Image Icons of Pennsylvania Mennonite and Amish History 18 David Haury compiled and edited by David f. Rempel Smucker Steven D. Reschly Queries 30 (2003 - 2005) Tips 31 JohnA. Lapp Neil Ann Stuckey Levine Book Reviews 32 Darvin L. Martin The Amish in the American Imagination, by David Weaver-Zercher by John W. Friesen The Robe of God: Reconciliation, the Believers Church Essential, by Myron S. Augsburger by Brinton L. Rutherford

THE COVER The interior (ca. 1900) of the Keystone Roller Mill in Salisbury Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, shows bags of "Purina Poultry Feeds" which were possibly produced and/ or sold there. Left to right: Milton R. Slaymaker, Christian Elias Brackbill (1871-1952), two unidentified men, and (probably) Ellis B. Brackbill (small son of C.E. Brackbill). Brackbill operated the mill for about 30 years (ca. 1900- 1934 or 1935). (The editor thanks Christian E. Brackbill of Smoketown, Pennsylvania, for identification concerning the photograph.) The first article describes cultural and religious aspects of the Millwood area in Salisbury Township.

Illustration Credits: cover, p. 3, Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, Lancaster, Pa.; pp. 4, 5, 6, author; pp. 10, 13, 14, 15, Joseph W. Lahr; p. 11 left, Lancaster County Historical Society, Lancaster, Pa.; pp. 11 right, 12, Lancaster County Archives, Lancaster, Pa.; pp. 19-22, Mennonite Historians of Eastern Pennsylvania, Harleysville, Pa.; pp. 23, 24, 29 top, Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society; p. 25, Franklin D. Heatwole, Janesville, Wisconsin; p. 26, Juniata Mennonite Historical Society, Richfield, Pa.; p. 27, S. Duane Kauffman, Perkasie, Pa.; p. 28, Levi Miller, Scottdale, Pa.; p. 29 bottom, Mennonite Heritage Center, Chambersburg, Pa. An account of this community and the more recent history of the congregation highlights a rural setting in eastern Lancaster County.

The Millwood Community and its Mennonite Congregation

by Noah L. Hershey

Location and Early Settlers Mennonite Church. The meetinghouse at Old Road (east The beautiful rural community, known as Millwood, of White Horse) was built in 1841. The former church was is located in southcentral Salisbury Township, Lancaster rebuilt and enlarged in 1877.5 County, in southeastern Pennsylvania. The township embraces the Pequea Valley at its eastern or upper end. United Brethren Church The Welsh Mountain range forms its eastern boundary. The United Brethren held meetings in the Millwood The Mine hills and Gap hills lie to the south; these two schoolhouse from 1877 to 1879.6 In the fall of the follow­ ranges meet on the east, enclosing the valley on three ing year, they elected a Board of Trustees consisting of sides. seven members: Z.C. Mower, A. Benedic, John Berkheiser, The early settlers of Salisbury Township were Scots­ David Doutrich, Daniel Warfel, William Hamilton, and Irish Presbyterians, Episcopalians, and Quakers. For a Jeremiah Futer. Under their superintendence, a church period of about a century, "Old Sadsbury" was the only was built and dedicated in 1879. The Limeville United house of worship within four miles of Gap, where Friends Brethren Church became the spiritual parent of the (Quakers) had three and sometimes four ministers at the present United Methodist Church. same time; Presbyterians frequently attended and listened attentively to the sermons.I Two Grist Mills on the Pequea Creek Among the early settlers in Salisbury Township were Early settlers in Salisbury Township valued their such surnames as Baldwin, Brinton, Byers, Clemson, Galt, mills. Grist mills were used to grind or roll various grains, Hoar, Robinson, and Worst-predominantly Scots-Irish primarily wheat and corn. Some mills were used to saw and English. lumber, press cider, grind and press flaxseed, hull clover seed, and to grind bones for fertilizer? Amish and Mennonites Two of these mills stood along the Pequea Creek with­ Throughout much of the 1700s Salisbury Township in a two-mile radius of the Millwood Mennonite meeting­ had few Amish. The tax list of 1770 contains the names of house and its adjacent Millwood Mennonite Cemetery. three persons who were probably Amish-John Plank, The Millwood area constituted something of an economic Jacob Kurtz, Abraham Kurtz.2By the 1870s the Amish had and social community. Just to the north of the homestead a large number of adherents in this township. After a of John Stoltzfus (1805-1887), the Pequea Creek flows east schism in the church in 1877, the progressive group, later to west. Very slightly upstream, John Neuhauser (1810- known as Amish Mennonites, erected a neat and com­ 1878) built a dam and a water-powered mill of three modious meetinghouse. The more conservative group, stories.s later known as Old Order Amish, continued to meet in Neuhauser's grain mill, a neighborhood landmark private houses. Samuel L. Kauffman, C.L Kauffman, Jacob and center, was topped by a weathervane, a peafowl that Umble, Gideon Stoltzfus (1835-1913) and Samuel Lantz was consulted to predict the weather. Neighbors return­ (1836-1909)-the latter two being ministers-took an ing from Gap would bring the neighborhood mail to the active part in building the progressive congregation.3 mill office on the second floor, where others would call for Only in the latter 1800s did Mennonites become it. It was also a loafing center where people exchanged numerous in Salisbury Township. Bishop Peter Eby (1765- gossip and news. In a fire Neuhauser was severely 1843) moved into the township in 1791 and the Hersheys burned, but a quick plunge into the mill pond saved his soon afterwards in 1792.4 (Both Peter Eby and Jacob life. The mill pond stretching upstream from the dam pro­ Hershey [1742-1825] are progenitors of the writer.) For a vided a swimming area in the summer and a skating area time they held meetings in private homes. A church build­ in the winter.9 ing, also used as a schoolhouse, was erected near the Hess Aaron Smoker (b. 1914), a long time resident in the Mill in 1837; this later became known as Hershey Millwood community, stated that in addition to grinding

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 2 January 2003 Known at various times as the Keystone Roller Mill, or the Neuhauser, Rissler, or Brackbill Mill, this structure on the Pequea Creek in Salisbury Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, is pictured around the 1920s (left) with Christian Elias Brackbill (1871-1952) standing in the doorway. After a flood in May 1942 (right) the roadway next to the mill had considerable damage. wheat and corn for various purposes, oyster shells were north of the Millwood schoolhouse. Known as Eby's Mill hauled there from Bower's Beach, Delaware. These oyster and Millwood Roller Mill, it was built (date unknown) by shells were crushed at the mill and sold to poultry farm­ David Henderson and rebuilt by F. Diller Baker in 1844.16 ers, in order to produce good shells on market eggs. In township records from 1801 to 1805, James Matthew Smoker also recalled that Christian Brackbill (1871-1952) and John Henderson owned this mill; from 1807 to 1814, and his son Ellis (1894-1969) made ice cream at the mill James and John Henderson, and from 1816 to 1825, three property.lo In conversation with grandson Christian Hendersons-John, David, and Thomas.17 In 1805 Brackbill (b. 1927), this information about making ice Matthew and James Henderson offered two farms for sale cream was verified. He also remembered going on the and a mill in Salisbury Township. In 1815, John, David, delivery truck to serve various customers, when this tasty and Thomas Henderson, paid tax on a grist mill of stone commodity was sold to the public. Brackbill also com­ · (50 by 40 feet). The 1824 map by Joshua Scott has the mented that ice was cut from the surface of the pond in owner as Henderson. In 1843 Matthew Henderson offered the coldest part of the winter and sold to customers to use his mill for sale, and in 1844 Fred Baker purchased it; he in their ice-box refrigerators.n then built a new mill. By 1850, the owner was E. Grover, George Rissler (b. 1924) and his wife remembered and by 1860, Mr. King. Before and in 1864 Henry Eby when Rissler's father, Noah Rissler (1897-1955), owned the mill; in 1875 and 1899 Joseph Eby was listed. purchased the mill property in 1935. For a period of time In more recent times, within the memory of older a creamery was in operation in the building adjacent to members in the Millwood community, Daniel Fisher the mill. Supreme Milk Company received milk from local (1879-1964) owned and operated this mill. John Glick (b. farmers, which was hauled to New York City for market­ 1912), an Old Order Amish preacher, worked in this mill ing. A water wheel in the mill generated electrical current from 1932 to 1940. Other employees were Jonathan Reihl, (32 volts) for use in the farm buildings, including the Alvin Miller, and Eli Eby.lB Wheat flour (in bags of 5,10, tenant house, until1946.12 25, and 100 pounds) was produced and packaged at the Earlier known as Keystone Roller Mill, various D.K. Fisher mill and was marketed under the Fisher owners operated the mill; it was known as the Neuhauser, name. They also produced and sold corn meal and Farina, Rissler, or Brackbill mill, depending on the ownership of a breakfast food. These foods were used extensively in the the mill property at a particular period of time.13 This mill Millwood community as well as in the more distant areas. was built by Leonard Ellmaker (b. 1747) and was rebuilt Milton Denlinger (1909-1991), whose father brought by John Neuhauser about 1853.14 The records show grain to the mill to be ground, related a tragedy that Leonard Ellmaker as the owner from 1781 to 1825, except occurred at this mill. A little boy, who was chasing a in 1797 and 1798 when Peter Ellmaker had it.15 In 1815 kitten, fell into the water within the mill and consequent­ Leonard Ellmaker owned a stone grist mill (38 by 52 feet). ly drowned.19 The 1824 map of Joshua Scott shows the mill and "L The Fisher mill eventually fell into disuse. The Ellmaker" as the owner. Before 1851 John Neuhauser machinery was sold for scrap iron, and in the 1960s the purchased the old mill and built a new mill, which was building was torn down. partly destroyed by fire in 1885, resulting in a long legal battle over insurance before being rebuilt by N.R. Rissler. Publishing Firm at Millwood Known as the Keystone Roller Mill on the Pequea Creek J. George Ernst (1799-1881) had affiliated with the in 1851, John Neuhauser was the owner of this stone mill Reformed Mennonite Church, and at one time served as (38 by 52 feet). In 1864 Neuhauser was the owner and in minister. Later, because of disagreement with his fellow 1875 the property belonged to George Seldomridge. workers on the question of going to hear non-Reformed The second mill in Millwood was located a short Mennonites preach, he transferred his membership to the distance downstream from the Neuhauser /Brackbill mill, Lancaster Conference of the Mennonite Church.2o

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 3 January 2003 Millwood School On Amish Road, around the corner from the Millwood Church and cemetery, is the old stone Millwood schoolhouse. The datestone in the upper part of the south wall reads 1887. Two facts of local history clearly indicate the existence of an earlier schoolhouse. As previously noted, the United Brethren Mission held meetings at the Millwood school in 1877-1879.25 This would be ten years before the date on the present schoolhouse. Jake Stoltzfus (1853- 1949), the youngest son of John and Catherine Stoltzfus, attended a primitive one-room school, just around the cor­ ner north and west of the Millwood Church. Presumably, The house of Samuel Ernst in Salisbury Township was the site all of the youngest half of the family attended there. of his printing establishment during the 1870s, when he print­ Assuming he was six years old when he started school, ed various broadsides and the Waffenlose Wachter. the date would have been around 1859. This would have Samuel Ernst (1825-1909), son of George, became a been 28 years prior to the 1887 date on the present school. · printer and publisher. His printing shop was located on The school had one teacher, one stove, and at least one the second floor of the large stone farmhouse along the birch rod.26 The 1864 atlas clearly identifies a school at Pequea Creek, where Dennis and Ellen Eby presently Millwood.27 (2003) live. The 1864 atlas clearly identifies two properties, Aaron Smoker (b. 1914), who lived many years in the north and west of the Millwood School and on the north Millwood community, informed me that George side of the Pequea creek, one belonging to George Ernst, Falkenstine and Myrtel Fryberger taught the pupils at the other owned by his son, Samuel.Zl Millwood school for a significant number of years.2B Samuel Ernst published a periodical, Der Waffenlose In more recent years, Kathleen (Martin) Ranck (b. Wachter (The Weaponless Watchman), first in January 1871 1927) taught grades one through eight from 1946 to1952. as an eight-page monthly. It was initially printed at Following an absence from teaching, she returned to Millwood. Later, he transferred the printing firm to Millwood in 1961. At that time only fifth and sixth grades Lancaster, back to Millwood, and eventually to Olathe, attended the Millwood school. She taught here for two Kansas. In an autobiographical statement, Ernst states more years. Thereafter, the Salisbury Elementary School that he had published the journal for 18 years.ZZ was opened in 1961, at which time she taught sixth grade Ernst stated that the paper's policy was neutral in in the new school. 29 politics and nonsectarian in religion, although it quite Approximately forty years ago, the Old Order Amish clearly was directed primarily to Mennonites, as the purchased the Millwood school property. Since that time, name, which refers to nomesistance, would indicate. It they have operated a parochial school. carried some articles on Mennonite history.23 Only a few copies of Der Waffenlose Wachter have been preserved and they are in the libraries of Goshen College (Indiana) and Bethel College (Kansas). During those years of publishing at Millwood, Samuel Ernst hired a lad named Milton Hershey (1857- 1945). Milton's mother, Fanny (Snavely) Hershey (1835- 1920), had brought him to Ernst to serve as an apprentice under the printer. But Milton Hershey was not destined to become a printer. Not an adept scholar in school, he did not enjoy working with letters and words. To add to the problem, he had to work in the framework of two This Millwood School was built in 1887 as a public school in languages, English and Pennsylvania German. Salisbury Township. Around 1960 the Old Order Amish pur­ The day of reckoning arrived. In the midst of other chased the property aad presently maintain a school here. problems, in an unguarded moment, the young man's hat somehow fell into the working machinery of the press. Millwood Cemetery That was the "final straw." He quite willingly followed The Millwood Cemetery, located on the east and west the orders, to "get out" of the shop and walked five or side of Amish Road adjacent to the Millwood Church, more miles to the village of Nine Points, where he met his began as a family burial plot for the John and Catherine chagrined mother.24 Hershey later became a confectioner Stoltzfus clan. The land came from the farm that John and in Lancaster and then built a massive and successful Catherine had purchased and occupied in 1845.30 The first corporation noted for producing chocolate in southern burial here occurred just after August 15, 1847. Salome, a Dauphin County, even with a town named Hershey. twin daughter of John and Catherine, had died. John

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 4 January 2003 instructed his hired man to dig a grave in a field on the regulations pertaining to the Millwood Cemetery. A copy northwest corner of the farm. In 1872 John and Catherine of this document is presently in the possession of Edwin and some of their family moved to Tennessee. John did Ranck, retired bishop of the Millwood District of n:ot forget that little grave. In 1868 the farm of 82 acres and Lancaster Mennonite Conference.34 10 perches was deeded to Reuben Wenger. The deed About 1960 additional land on the west side of Amish included the following: Road was purchased from Moses Blank. Approximately . . .accepting and always reserving of the herein seven years later, another parcel of adjoining ground from granted premises of 10 perches of land for a graveyard the same farm was purchased from a son of Moses Blank as may be needed by paying said Reuben Wenger and named Eli Blank, who presently operates the farm. his heirs and assigns, a reasonable price for the same.Jl This cemetery, later known as Millwood Cemetery, Millwood Winter Bible School, 1945-1991 was enlarged in 1873. John and Catherine had come back The school term lasted two weeks, beginning at 9:00 from Tennessee to Pennsylvania for six months or more a.m. and concluding at 2:55 p.m. For a number of years that summer, during which time John assumed the lead­ evening classes were held to accommodate those persons ership of a group, which purchased 56~ perches as an who could not attend during the day. In addition to the enlargement of the cemetery. Already, the old homestead, scholars who attended this school from the local commu­ from which the original and this additional land had been nity, pupils from distant areas such as Franklin County, taken, had been sold three times.32 Pennsylvania; Washington County, Maryland; and In a deed, dated January 24,1902, the cemetery was Greenwood, Delaware, attended. The nearby Beachy conveyed to S. L. Kauffman, C.W. Umble, and Nicolas Amish Mennonite congregations especially supported the Summers for the sum of $33.84; they in turn deeded half Millwood Winter Bible School Program. interest to John Berkey and Stephen Stoltzfus, represent­ Over the years, a number of brethren served in the ing the Old Order Amish (House Amish Church) for the office of principal of the school. Elias Kulp of Bally, sum of $16.92. Land was added to the cemetery in 1883, Pennsylvania, served as principal in 1945-1946. Pastor 1928, and 1940. In 1940 the cemetery measured 204 feet Rueben Stoltzfus served in this capacity from 1961-1981, long and 178 feet wide, containing 133 perches of land. Up which was the longest tenure. Herman Stoltzfus served as to 1938 owners of burial plots were required to pay the principal in the final year of 1991. Credit is due Leroy ·sum of fifty cents annually for upkeep. Since this arrange­ Lapp, who wrote a very helpful record of this positive ment did not prove satisfactory, Solomon Stoltzfus of the spiritual ministry. He served as secretary-treasurer from House Amish Church sug­ 1963-1991, when the school was discontinued.35 gested that a permanent One highlight of the Winter Bible School was the peri­ fund be appropriated od devoted to music, the first period after lunch. The amounting to $3,000. The rudiments of music were taught, which nurtured good interest from this amount congregational singing. However, most of the class period supported the upkeep and was devoted to a cappella, four-part singing. This musical maintenance of the ceme­ experience was inspirational, edifying, and instructive. tery.33 The school was blessed with song leaders such as On January 3, 1938, a Reuben Stoltzfus, Clarence Fretz, Martin Ressler, David legal document, entitled a King, Samuel Kauffman and others. They used several "Declaration of Trust" had song books through the years, including Sweet Heaven, been devised. This paper Crown Him Glory, The Church and Sunday School Hymnal, states very specifically, the and Life Songs: Number 2. The Bible School used various subject materials. The core of the studies centered on the individual books of the Bible. The other study classes included: Methods of Bible Study, Missions, Evangelism, Methods of Teaching, the Return of Christ, and other faith building studies. Then, too, there was a special study course for pastors. An effort was made to invite capable, spirit-filled, and theologically-sound instructors. Following is a list of five of these instructors and their tenure of service: David Thomas, 18 years; J. Otis Yoder, 12 years; Clarence Fretz, 11 years; Norman Kolb, 11 years; Sanford G. Shetler, 11 years. The first burial in the Millwood Mennonite Cemetery was One would be remiss not to recognize those persons Salome Stoltzfus (d. 1847), a twin daughter of "Tennessee" John and Catherine Stoltzfus, from whose farm the land was behind the scenes who contributed significantly to the deeded for the meetinghouse and the cemetery. A memorial program of the school: pre-school teachers for the children gravestone was later erected. whose parents were attending the school; School Board;

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 5 Januan; 2003 1877 and continues the historical record of this congrega­ TWO WEEKS tion as well as several daughter churches until1960. In 1944-45 an unfortunate division occurred in the 81/Jie Scllool Millwood Mennonite Church. Prior to 1945, the congrega­ tion had worshipped in two meetinghouses, one at TO BE HELD D. V. AT THE Millwood near Gap, and the second one at Maple Grove near Atglen. Following the division, the Maple Grove con­ M ILLWOOD CHURCH gregation officially became part of the Ohio and Eastern Two Miles Northeast of Gap, Pa. Mennonite Conference, while Millwood identified with DECEMBER 28, 1964 to JANUARY 8, 1965 the Lancaster Mennonite Conference.37

INSTRUCTORS By 1960 many changes had occurred. The large sturdy brick building, erected in 1936, replaced the frame build­ Principal ing that had served the congregation for 54 years. At the REUBEN G. STOLTZFUS present time. (2003) the brick walls have been covered with DANIEL LEHMAN, Harrisonburg, Va. stucco, giving the building a somewhat different appear­ J. OTIS YODER, Harrisonburg, Va. ance than the original exterior. A ramp for handicapped NORMAN BECHTEL, Spring City, Pa. persons was constructed in 1985. Other modern conve­ RICHARD BUCKWALTER, Cochranville, Pa . niences have been added to the 1936 meetinghouse.

TUITION Dorcas Stoltzfus, who grew up in the Millwood $2.00 Per Week congregation, wrote an article in 1952 in the Gospel Herald about the history of the Millwood-Maple Grove congrega­ You are invited to attend this school regardless of tions.3B In 1882 the membership at Millwood was 120. By church affiliations 1952 the membership in the Maple Grove totaled 440 and in the Millwood district, 350. This reflects very substantial FOR FURTHER INFORMATION WRITE TO growth throughout those intervening years. LeROY G. LAPP By 1960 the Millwood District included seven congre­ Gap, R. D. 1, Pennsylvania - 17527 gations: Millwood, Coatesville, (Walnut St.), Parkesburg, Phone: Hickory 2-4914 Homeville, Newlinville, Kennet Square, and Farr Creek at Elkton, Maryland.39 A congregation at Downing Hills, A flyer for the Millwood Winter Bible School in 1964-1965lists the instructors during the two-week period. "TO BE HELD near Downingtown, Pennsylvania, was established in D.V." refers to the Latin phrase "Deo Volente," which in 1962. These newly-planted churches resulted from a sense English means "God willing." The instructors came from of God's directive in taking the gospel of Jesus Christ to Harrisonburg, Virginia; Spring City, Pennsylvania; and our neighbors. Cochranville, Pennsylvania. The Millwood Mennonite Church experienced a janitor; cooks. decline in membership from about 1968 to 1995. The The passing of the years has brought changes. ministry had different opinions regarding the best way to Increasing numbers of persons, both young and old, have express faith in everyday living. Following the adoption employment off the farm. Furthermore, it has become of the 1968 Statement of Doctrine and Discipline of increasingly difficult to find qualified teachers who are Lancaster Mennonite Conference, two Millwood pastors available for this kind of assignment. It was with a twinge and a number of members transferred to a more conserv­ of sadness that many pupils experienced the closing ative congregation, which was part of the Eastern session of the Millwood Bible School, which occurred in Pennsylvania Mennonite Church. At the same time, the the winter of 1991. Many participants of this Bible school congregation lost some promising youth-either by would readily testify to the spiritual blessings experi­ enced through this opportunity to study the Word of God.

Millwood Mennonite Church, 1960 - 2002 In the early years, the church at Millwood was known as the Millwood Amish Mennonite Church. Some persons referred to this church as the Church Amish group. However, in later years it became known as the Millwood Mennonite Church. In 1960 a booklet entitled History of Millwood The Millwood Mennonite Church meetinghouse stands near Mennonite Church District, by Otto J. Miller (1901-1973), the comer of Amish Road and Buena Vista Road in rural was published.36 He was a member of the Newlinville Salisbury Township, Lancaster County. Built of brick in 1936 and later covered with stucco, the meetinghouse sheltered a Mennonite Church, one of the congregations in the congregation earlier known as the Millwood Amish Millwood Church District. This historical account by Mennonite Church and now part of the Lancaster Mennonite Miller records the beginning of the Millwood Church in Conference.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 6 January 2003 Church Leadership of Millwood Mennonite Church Leadership of Millwood Mennonite Church, 1887-1960* Church, 1960- 2002* Bishops Term of Service By 1960 the earliest leaders of the Millwood 1. Jolm P. Mast, served at Conestoga 1887- and Millwood Mennonite Church had gone to their eternal reward. 2. Gideon Stoltzfus 1888-1913 John A. Kennel, having served as bishop since 1926, was 3. Jolm S. Mast, served at Conestoga 1913-1926 approaching retirement. In 1949 Leroy S. Stoltzfus was and Millwood ordained a bishop to assist John A. Kennel. Reuben 4. Jolm A. Kennel (d. 1963) 1926-1963 Stoltzfus and Roy Ulrich were serving as ministers and 5. Leroy S. Stoltzfus 1949-1965 transferred to Bridgeport Isaac King, who had been ordained a deacon in 1937, Mennonite Church in 1965 continued to do so until his successor, Aaron Kauffman, was ordained to the office of deacon in 1971. Within the Ministers 1. Gideon Stoltzfus, ordained a minister 1868- next 42 years, able and spiritual-minded brethren were in the Amish Church called as servants of the church. ordained a bishop in 1888 Bishops Term of Service 2. Samuel Lantz, ordained 1888- 1. Leroy S. Stoltzfus (1911-1979) 1949-1965 withdrew from Millwood 1889 2. Clair Eby (1913-1999), interim 1965-1967 3. Jolm M. Stoltzfus (d. 1945) 1889-1945 3. Elmer D. Leaman (1912-1972) 1967-1972 4. Daniel Stoltzfus, ordained at Conestoga 1884-1919 4. Noah L. Hershey (b. 1920) 1973-1991 ordained in the Amish Mennonite Church, 5. Edwin Ranck (b. 1935) 1986-2001 moved to Millwood 6. Elvin J. Ressler (b. 1944) 2000- served there until1919 5. M.S. Stoltzfus, ordained 1933- Ministers released for Union Co., but did not move 1947 1. Reuben Stoltzfus (1910-1980) 1944 -1980 released to the Conservative Mennonite 2. Roy Ulrich (1909-1992) 1944-1968 Conference in 1953 3. Mahlon Glick (1915-1994) 1970-1994 6. Leroy S. Stoltzfus, ordained a minister 1941- 4. Frank Menkin (?) 1980-1983 ordained a bishop in 1949 5. Elvin Ranck (b. 1960) 1984-1992 7. Reuben Stoltzfus (d. 1994), ordained 1944-1980 6. Wilbert Lind (b. 1920), interim 1993-1996 retired in 1980 7. Calvin Beiler (1938-2002) 1995-2002 8. Roy Ulrich, ordained 1944- 8. Menno Fisher (b. 1969),licensed 1996 transferred to Eastern Pennsylvania 1968 resigned 1998 Church (Simmontown) ordained 2002 Deacons Deacons 1. Michael Swartz, ordained 1882- 1. Isaac King (1894-1995) 1937-1980 moved to Wayne Co., Ohio 2. Aaron Kauffman (b. 1926) 1971-1988 2. Jolm P. Kennel (d. 1902), ordained 1888-1902 3. Eugene Lapp (b. 1968) 1996- 3. Amos B. Stoltzfus, ordained 1904- ordained a minister in 1913 *compiled by Noah L. Hershey 4. Aaron Mast, ordained 1919- served as a minister at Westover, Md., in 1921 faithful in giving pastoral teaching and testimony con­ 5. Isaac G. Kennel, ordained 1922- cerning its dangers. served as a deacon at Millwood until1944-45 division Clearly, the new statement no longer made the use of 6. Isaac King (d. 1995) 1937-1980 television a basis for excommunication. For some retired in July 1980 ordained leaders as well as members in the Conference, *compiled by Ada Nancy (King) Smoker, Atglen, Pennsylvania this change was unacceptable. This resulted in a signifi­ cant number of brothers and sjsters choosing to join the marrying out of the congregation or simply transferring emerging Eastern Pennsylvania Mennonite Church. their membership elsewhere. At a later time the question of using a single cup or The use of television was one of the concerns for the individual cups for communion also demanded consider­ more conservative members. Prior to 1968 the Lancaster able time, energy, and patience to. resolve. After prayerful Conference Discipline clearly prohibited members from consideration and some stress, the congregation did having television. The 1968 Statement of Christian change from the common cup to individual cups for the Doctrine and Rules of Discipline did not make ownership communion service. and use of the television a test of membership, although it Other changes were accepted in congregational prac­ did state serious reservations: tice. Families, visitors, and single members now sit where We believe that the evil influence of television great­ they choose during worship, instead of sitting in separate ly outweighs that which is for good. For the spiritual sections. Using flower arrangements in the meetinghouse protection, blessing, and testimony of the church, is now accepted. On special occasions musical instru­ Conference asks the brotherhood to abstain from the ments are incorporated in worship. This occurred when use and ownership of television. The ministry shall be visiting groups participated in the worship service.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 7 January 2003 Throughout these years of struggle and change, a core 9. Ibid., p . 32. . of faithful, earnest believers persevered in the support of 10. Interview with Aaron Smoker, Summer 1998. 11. Interview with Christian Brackbill, July 1999. the congregation. A faithful ministry of the Word of God 12. Interview with Mr. and Mrs. George Rissler, ca. Nov. 1999. brought about healing and a measure of reconciliation. As 13. Landis, "Old Mills in Lancaster County," unpaginated. one would expect, the fundamental doctrines of the 14. Ellis and Evans, Histon; of Lancaster Counh;, p. 1051. 15. Lord, Water Powered Grist Mills, p. 65. Church have been maintained at Millwood: inspiration of 16. Ellis and Evans, History of Lancaster Counh;, p. 1051. Lord, Water the Scriptures, the deity of Christ, the second coming of Powered Grist Mills, p. 65. our Lord, as well as other doctrines. Also, faithful 17. Lord, Water Powered Grist Mills, p. 65. Ellis and Evans, History of Lancaster Counh;, p.1050. Christian stewardship, the continuation of gospel witness, 18. Interview with John Glick, ca. Fall1994. strong family ties, simplicity and modesty of attire, the 19. Interview with Milton Denlinger, Summer 1992. practice of nonresistance, the consistent use of the prayer 20. Daniel Kauffman, Mennonite Cyclopedic Dictionan; (Scottdale, Pa.: Mennonite Publishing House, 1937), p. 99. "An Autobiography of veiling (devotional covering) for women, the non-wearing Samuel Ernst," Pennsylvania Dutchman 11 (Nov. 1, 1951): 7. of jewelry, and other practices continue to serve as the 21. Bridgens' Atlas of Lancaster Counh;, Penna. (Philadelphia: D. S. standard for this rural congregation in Salisbury Bare, 1864), p.31 (Salisbury Township). 22. Ruth, The Earth is the Lord's, pp. 588-590. Township. 23. Mennonite Encyclopedia, s.v. "Waffenlose Wachter, Der," Vol. 4, p. In more recent years since 1995, younger families with 868.The writer of this article saw a copy of this paper sold for $140 at a children have been attracted to Millwood Mennonite public sale in 2000. 24. Charles Schuyler Castner, One of a Kind: Milton Hershel), 1857-1945 Church, which now (2003) has participation of about 100 (Hershey, Pa.: Derry Literary Guild, 1983), p. 17. persons on Sunday morning. With faithful and dedicated 25. Ellis and Evans, Histon; of Lancaster Counh;, p.1050. leadership the future looks bright for the coming years. 26. Yoder, Eine Wurzel, p. 32. 27. Atlas of Lancaster Counh;, p. 31. 28. Interview with Aaron Smoker, Summer 1998. Conclusion 29. Interview with Kathleen Martin Ranck, Sept. 1999. Every community has its developing history. Over a 30. Yoder, Eine Wurzel, pp. 34-35. 31. Taken from a one-page record of the Millwood Mennonite period of time these changes include people, events, voca­ Cemetery, unpublished ms. under Millwood Mennonite Church, tional pursuits, spiritual concerns, and the transfer of Archives of Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, Lancaster, Pa. leadership from one generation to another. Changes in the 32. Yoder, Eine Wurzel, p. 35. 33. See note 31. Millwood community have occurred. The publishing firm 34. Document in possession of Edwin Rank, Christiana, Pa. has ceased. The mills no longer grind grain. 35. Leroy Lapp, "Record of Winter Bible School," in possession of . Yet other aspects of the setting do not change. The author. Welsh mountain range to the north and the rim of hills on 36.0tto J. Miller, History of the Millwood Mennonite Church District (Lancaster, Pa.: Millwood District Ministry and the Historical Society of the south and east surround the Pequea Valley, which the Lancaster Mennonite Conference, 1960), p. 8. reflects the excellent husbandry of the Old Order Amish in 37. Ruth, The Earth is the Lord's, pp. 1013-1014, describes this church this rich agricultural section of eastern Lancaster County. division, as does "Amish and Mennonite Leadership Patterns as Also, the spiritual work, which God has entrusted to Illustrated by the Millwood-Maple Grove Schism of 1944," by Nathan A. Stoltzfus, Senior History Seminar, 1978, Goshen College, Goshen, brothers and sisters of the faith, continues to bear fruit. Indiana. I convey my sincere thanks to those who have con­ 38: Dorcas Stoltzfus, "History of the Millwood-Maple Grove tributed to the writing of this article. Any corrections or Congregations," Gospel Herald 45:17 (April22,1952): 393, 405. additions would be appreciated. Please send these to the 39. For the following paragraphs the author drew on his personal author at 8875 North Moscow Road, Parkesburg, PA notes and recollections as he functioned as a church leader in the 19365. Millwood Church District and the Lancaster Mennonite Conference. D Notes 1. Franklin Ellis and Samuel Evans, History of Lancaster Counh;, Pennsylvania (Philadelphia: Everts and Peck, 1883). pp. 1045, 1050. 2. Tax Records of Lancaster County, Salisbury Township, LR 209, Roll 25, microfilm at Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, Lancaster, Pa. 3. Ellis and Evans, Histon; of Lancaster Counh;, p. 1050. Tradition and Transition: Amish Mennonites and Old Order Amish, 1800-1900 (Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 1991), pp. 256-257, describes this church division."A Plea by a Change-Minded Pennsylvania Amish Leader to the Traditionalists," introduced and translated by Paton Yoder, Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 19:2 (Apr. 1996): 25-28, presents the perspective of the progressive side. 4. John L. Ruth, The Earth is the Lord's: A Narrative Histon; of the Lancaster Mennonite Conference (Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 2001), pp. 460-463, contains a sketch of Bishop Peter Eby and the Mennonite congregations in Salisbury Township. 5. Ellis and Evans, Histon; of Lancaster County, p. 1050. 6. Ibid. 7. Arthur Lord, Water Powered Grist Mills: Lancaster County, Pennsylvania (Millersville, Pa.: Author, 1996), pp. 1-2. Ira D. Landis, ed., "Old Mills in Lancaster County," Community Historians Annual 3:6 (Dec. 1964): unpaginated. 8. Paton Yoder, Eine Wurzel: Tennessee John Stoltzfus (Lititz, Pa.: Sutter House, 1979), p. 31.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 8 January 2003 The author corrects family history information on a little-known branch of this Lancaster County family.

The Life and Legacy of Peter Eby of Warwick Township

by Denise Witwer Lahr*

Peter Eby, the son of Christian Eby and Elizabeth staked his first land acquisitions. In The Eby Report (1976), Mayer Eby, and grandson of Theodorus Eby, has puzzled Groff and Newman reported that between 1764 and 1770 researchers. In The Eby Report (1976) Clyde L. Groff and Peter purchased eight properties in Warwick Township George F. Newman took a great step toward clarifying his totaling 295 acres.ID The tax record for Warwick Township position in the family.l However, those researchers erred for 1770 shows that Peter Eby was taxed £1.15.0 for 290 in some respects and left other work unfinished, including acres, three horses, seven cattle, and eight sheep.11 an outline of Peter's descendants. Such an outline would It is clear from recorded deeds that Peter owned three allow the line to be connected to the larger Eby family major tracts of land in Warwick Township during his life, tree. I intend to clarify the life and legacy of Peter Eby and, referred to herein as the Royer tract,12 the Bulmerton in particular, to identity his son Joseph. tract,13 and the Habecker tract.14 An additional parcel Peter Eby (1) was the fourth child and third son of noted in his will as property "purchased of Peter Christian Eby and Elizabeth Mayer Eby.2 He was born on Dussing," for which no recorded deed could be found, November 11, 1742, a year before his father obtained his may actually be part of the Bulmerton tract.IS earliest warrant for those lands on Hammer Creek in Sometime between 1762 and December 11, 1766, Peter Warwick Township which would become the family Eby married Veronica (Anna) Donner Brubaker, the homestead.3 Therefore, Peter was probably born else­ widow of Daniel Brubaker and daughter of Michael and where, perhaps on another tract of Hammer Creek land Magdalena Donner. Veronica brought three children to the which Christian Eby first acquired in 1729 and which was marriage: Anna, born October 29, 1756; John, born located at the eastern edge of the township.4 November 7, 1759; and Daniel, born 1761 by one source or A patent for the homestead land was obtained one April15, 1762, by another. The year 1762 was undoubted­ day after Peter's fourth birthday, and Peter presumably ly trying for Veronica since it saw the deaths of both her spent most of his childhood there. In 1754 his parents built · father, and young husband, and possibly the birth of a the large stone dwelling currently at the corner of Snavely child. Perhaps she welcomed a marriage offer from as Mill and Reifsnyder Roads in Elizabeth Township, accord­ promising a young man as Peter Eby.16 ing to the engraved datestone mounted above the porch.5 Although guardians were appointed for the Brubaker Peter would have been about twelve at the time. children from members of the Brubaker familyP such Just two years later, on September 15, 1756, shortly relationships were primarily financial, and most likely the before Peter's fourteenth birthday, his father died, leaving children remained with Veronica and her new husband. a widow and ten children.6 Peter's oldest sibling, Peter would have had an instant family of three children, Christian Jr., was 22 at the time, and in 1760, Christian Jr. the oldest of which was between six and ten years of petitioned the Orphans Court for the right to purchase the age. Veronica was definitely older than Peter, having been mills, plantation, and land of his deceased father. bom between 1727 and 1731.18 She was in her mid-30s, Judging that the land could not be divided equitably, the while Peter was in his early 20s. Together they had four court approved the sale for £1400, to be divided among children: Peter Jr., Joseph, Abraham and Elizabeth. the survivors as determined by the court. Peter's share Alexander Harris, in his Biographical History of from this initial court order was £84.16.10 %? Lancaster County, misnamed Peter (1) as Jacob and called Peter also received £33 from the sale of a 150-acre tract him a cousin of the elder Christian, rather than a son. He in Cocalico Township, which his father had improved was fairly accurate in naming Peter's sons, Abraham (13), prior to his death. Christian Jr. took out a warrant, com­ Peter (11), and another "Abraham," who was actually pleted the survey, and sold it to Wynick Bentz (Wyrick Joseph (12), judging from the names of his descendents.19 Bence), dividing the sale price in tenths among all of the The genealogist Ezra Eby,2o who confused the parent­ siblings.s Additionally, Peter received £15.3.1 % from the age of Peter and misnamed his wife as "Catherine" balance of his father's personal estate.9 Donner, also made errors in listing Peter's children, His total share, amounting to at least £132, probably stating that the eldest was Joseph, born on February 17,

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 9 Januan; 2003 1753. Since Veronica was probably married to Daniel He further instructed his executors that no public sale Brubaker at the time, and Peter was only ten years old, should be held of his household goods or his clothing, but this is clearly impossible. Peter's daughter, Elizabeth (14), that they should be distributed among the poor and was misnamed "Susannah," and her husband, Christian receipts taken for the same. His reedmaking machine was Long was misnamed "Abraham." Peter's son Abraham to be given freely to a young man who wanted to carry on (13) was not mentioned at all. However, Joseph's children the business. His books were to be sold for appraised were correctly identified as Abraham, Peter, John, Jonas value or given to the poor. and Catherine. It should be noted that Peter Eby, Jr.'s will was, in The Eby Report (1976)21 gave the correct names of Peter some respects, modeled on that of his father, Peter Eby, Sr., and Veronica's children. However, the dates were still who also instructed his executors "to not make public confused. To resolve the previously stated conflict, the vendue of any of my property" and to distribute "my authors generally added ten years to the dates of birth Bedstead Bed and Bedding and all my wearing apparel to given in Ezra Eby's work, making Joseph's date of birth such poor persons who have families and find it difficult on February 17,1763. to support them."29 Due to all of these confusing and erroneous reports, The executors of his estate were his cousin, John Eby, each of Peter and Veronica's children must be discussed the son of his uncle Christian Eby, and Jacob Wissler, the separately, in the order in which Peter Eby named them in husband of John's sister, Anna. his will: Peter, Joseph, Abraham and Elizabeth.22 At the time of his death, Peter Eby, Jr.'s real estate included one acre of the Royer tract in Elizabeth Township Peter Eby, Jr. (Mar. 10, 1766- Dec. 9, 1836) given to him by his father, 30 plus two small adjacent prop­ Peter Eby, Jr. (11) is the famous "Peter the Hermit" erties which he had purchased,31 together with 80 acres of whose unique story of eccentric generosity has appeared Warwick Township property that he inherited from Peter elsewhere.23 Peter lived alone on a one- acre portion of his Eby, Sr.32 He instructed his executors to convert all of his father's Royer tract in Elizabeth Township, where he real estate to cash and to purchase flour for the poor and engaged in the occupation of "reedmaking."24 Referred to needy. In particular, he designated his cousin, John Eby, in tax records and various writings as a hermit or miller, and other millers considered by his executors to be "einseidler,"25 Peter Jr. lived a withdrawn life, engaged "honest men" to distribute flour to the poor and take not only in reedmaking, but also apparently in study and receipts for it. · reflection. The final inventory of his estate included many These instructions were indeed carried out over the books- from religious treatises to popular works such as course of three to four years.33 The final accounting of Pilgrim's Progress.26 Peter, Jr.'s estate, which is dated November 19,1840, Single and without heirs at the time of his death, occurred four years after his death.34 His real estate was although perhaps not always single,27 he did not leave his sold for $1,212.85. Elias Eby (Executor John Eby's son) estate to his well-off siblings, but rather to his "poor submitted receipts totaling $844.95 for the distribution of brothers and sisters in Christ and needy widows and wheat and rye flour and com meal to places as wide­ orphans." He did, however, qualify his bequest to include spread as Lancaster, Mount Joy, and Manheim. Andrew only "such as are of good behavior."28 Wissler (Executor Jacob Wissler's son), who may have

Although the Eby-Sherck Cemetery in West Cocalico Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, has a stone fence, it stood in February 2002 in a very deteriorated condition with various gravestones broken and leaning against the fence.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 10 January 2003 been operating a general store in Schoeneck at the time,3s submitted receipts totaling $41.23 for the delivery of flour to various persons. '?rJi#ff The accounting also states that his wearing apparel, ( I .' household goods and books were distributed as instruct­ Signatures of Joseph Eby (12) include one (left, Dec. 24, 1819) ed and that receipts were accepted from the recipients. on the inventory of the estate of Peter Eby and one (right, May 12, 1840) on his own will. The account does not mention the reedmaking machine. Due to his notoriety, it is likely that the dates ascribed gravestone of her husband also rests.45 to Peter, Jr. are correct, making him the eldest son. His Although it is possible that Joseph was married twice, calculated date of birth, March 10,1766,36 clearly falls in it is more likely that Joseph's only wife was actually the time period when we know that Peter Sr. and Veronica Barbara Brechbill and not "Elizabeth." Given the numer­ were married. Daniel Brubaker died in the spring of 1762. ous other mistakes in Ezra Eby' s account, a further search On December 11, 1766, when his estate was being settled, of Brechbill family records was deemed necessary. That Veronica was married to Peter Eby.37 As first born, the search has uncovered the John Brechbill family of name Peter, Jr. also makes sense in terms of naming Lebanon Township, which was in Dauphin County from patterns. 1785 to 1813. John Brechbill's will, dated October 2, 1795, named Joseph Eby Oune 30, 1772- July 13, 1854) his wife as Elizabeth and stated his children, in order of Joseph Eby (12) was a farmer who lived most of his age: Anna, married to John Dohner; Barbara married to adult life in Cocalico Township38 or the easternmost part Joseph "Ehwey;" Jacob; Elizabeth; Catherine; Christian; of Elizabeth Township (now Clay Township).39 Less Magdalena, and Abraham.46 Although the will was inclined to record deeds and other documents than his written in English, possibly by a translator or scribe, the father or brothers, tax and census records help locate his testator and witnesses signed their names in German. holdings. At one time he also owned land in Canada, since Clearly, Joseph "Ehwey" could be Joseph Eby, allowing his will refers to "the money I received for my Canada for only minor interpretations of the German as were land."40 commonly made by English speakers.47 He is buried in the Eby /Scherck Cemetery to the east The link to the Donner family is striking. Anna of Schoeneck Road in West Cocalico Township.41 It is Brechbill (1768-1837) was the wife of Bishop Johannes overgrown and in disrepair with all of the gravestones Donner, Jr. (1762-1847), son of John Dohner, Sr., grandson broken and stacked against a fieldstone wall. However, of Michael Donner and nephew of Veronica Donner Joseph's gravestone is still legible and clearly gives his Brubacker Eby.4B Also notable is the fact that Joseph's dates of birth and death. An affidavit of death confirms brother Abraham, who was six to seven years younger these dates, names Peter Eby as his father, and identifies than Joseph, probably married a woman named his surviving children as Peter (122), Jonas (124), and Catherine Brechbill, who happened to have a younger Catherine (125).42 brother named Abraham Brechbill.49 Beyond a doubt, the Joseph Eby who died in 1854 is Finally, the naming of Joseph and Barbara's children the son of Peter Eby. For confirmation one has only to further suggests this family connection. Joseph and compare the very distinctive signature of Joseph Eby on Barbara's first son and first daughter were named the inventory of his father's estate with that which Abraham and Catherine, respectively, probably in honor appears on the will of this Joseph Eby. of Abraham and Catherine (Brechbill) Eby. Their second As listed in various sources,43 including his will, son was named Peter, in honor of Peter Eby. Their third Joseph, son of Peter Eby, had five children: Abraham (121), son, John, may have been named for Barbara's father. Peter (122), John (123), Jonas (124), and Catherine (125). The same first four sources list Joseph's wife as Elizabeth Abraham Eby (ca. 1778 or 1779 -1852) Brechbill. No other evidence of this marriage could be Previous reports have stated that Abraham Eby (13) found. was born about 1769 and was never married. 5° In the 1850 If Elizabeth was Joseph's first wife, it is nonetheless census his age appears to have been written first as 72 and certain that he later married a woman named Barbara. then corrected to 71 by the census taker.s1 This would On April 7, 1831, Joseph Eby and his wife, Barbara, make his year of birth either 1778 or 1779. This date of executed a deed to Jacob Eberly, their son-in-law, birth is consistent with other census records.5 2 Catherine's husband, for 124 acres in Cocalico A farmer in Elizabeth Township all of his life, Township.44 Barbara was also named in Joseph Eby's will, Abraham probably did marry, although they apparently dated May 12, 1840. In fact, she is listed as an executor, had no children.s3 In 1850 he was living with Catharina an unusual arrangement for the time and one which Eby, age 73, on the Royer tract given to him by his father, indicates a longstanding relationship and great trust. both by contract at approximately 21 years of ages4 and by Barbara Eby, the wife of Joseph Eby, was born on March bequest.ss Catharina Eby, wife of Abraham Eby, is buried 14, 1770, and died on January 15, 1844, according to her in the Steinmetz Cemetery on the north side of Brubaker gravestone in the Eby /Scherck Cemetery, where the Valley Road in Elizabeth Township, the same cemetery as

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 11 January 2003 Peter Eby, Sr. The dates on her gravestone are recorded as August 26, 1777, to February 6, 1851.56 On April 9, 1851, after Catharina's death, Abraham wrote a will which left his entire estate to the 18 grandchildren of his brother, Joseph, reserving a life estate in certain property to his brother-in-law Abraham Brechbill and wife Maria.57 In this will, Abraham named each of Joseph's children and grandchildren, thereby creating a list of Joseph's descendants which conforms to Joseph's own will. Abraham died in the latter part of 1852. His will was The signature of Peter Eby (1) is found on his will. filed for probate on December 30, 1852, with letters Archives that Peter and Elizabeth did not marry until after testamentary granted to Joseph's son, Jonas, and John B. September 28, 1813, when they executed a lengthy Erb, Esquire. Abraham's grave is unmarked, although he prenuptial agreement.67 In this instrument Peter agreed presumably is buried with his wife and father in the that Elizabeth's personal estate, including a loan made to Steinmetz Cemetery. her son, John Miller, would remain her sole property. He further agreed, if he died before her, to Elizabeth Eby provide her with $400 and a life estate in three acres of Nothing definite could be learned about Peter's Warwick Township land. He faithfully repeated these daughter Elizabeth (14).58 Her date of birth is stated by provisions in his will. others to be about 1772,59 which is unlikely unless she and Furthermore, Elizabeth was not the widow of John Joseph were twins. In his will Peter Eby listed her last Miller as stated by Groff and Newman,6B but rather the among his children and identified her husband as abandoned wife of Michael Miller. Records show that Christian Long. He left further clues by stating that she Elizabeth Miller, "by her next friend," Peter Eby, filed suit "has no issue nor like to have by her present husband and against Michael Miller for libel in divorce.69 In a petition is in no manner of want." She may have been listed last filed on February 26,1813, Elizabeth stated that she was because she was the youngest child or perhaps because nearly 45 years of age and that she had been married to she was the only daughter. Michael Miller for about 30 years and was the mother of ten children. Michael Miller had disappeared about ten Veronica (Donner) Brubaker and Elizabeth years previously, shortly after the birth of their tenth child. (Huber) Miller After a subpoena and various depositions, a divorce was Despite the uncertainty concerning Elizabeth's birth, granted to Elizabeth Miller on August 23, 1813. A month it seems certain that Veronica bore children well into her later Peter and Elizabeth entered into the prenuptial forties and that she and Peter had a long married life. She agreement. died sometime after April 15, 1805, when she was Elizabeth would have been some 26 years younger mentioned in a recorded agreement between Peter Eby than Peter. It is noteworthy that Peter once again and his son, Abraham,6o but before 1810. Although Peter assumed the role of father, since the youngest of and Veronica both appear to be living with Abraham on Elizabeth's children would have been just ten years old at the Royer tract in the 1800 census records, Veronica is the time of their marriage. missing in 1810.61 Possibly she was buried with her first Peter died on November 24, 1819, and is buried in the husband, Daniel Brubaker, in the Brubaker family plot Steinmetz Cemetery. His gravestone still stands, although between Blantz and Weber Roads in Elizabeth Township, it is worn.7o His will, which has been reproduced else­ since a monument erected there mentions her.62 where,71 is recorded,72 although Groff and Newman Statements made by Groff and Newman63 that she missed it, since it is wrongly indexed as Peter "Ely." The died in the 1780s are inaccurate due to those authors inventory of his estate, summarized elsewhere, is on file at having misidentified the parents of Veronica as Abraham the Lancaster County Historical Society.73 and Ursula Donner. Brubacker and Donner family records Elizabeth Miller Eby died before April 3, 1830, when are very clear on the parentage of Veronica. Veronica's her son John Miller and Martin Rudisill, both of "Rap hoe" parents were Michael (1700-1762) and Magdalena Dohner Township, were appointed administrators of her estate.74 (d.1789).64 When Peter Eby was appointed guardian of Her burial place has not been found. John and Daniel "Downer" in 1788, he actually agreed to handle the inheritance of his nephews.65 The Abraham Conclusion Donner mentioned in court records as the father of John Because Peter Eby was among the wealthiest of the and Daniel was actually Veronica's brother, not her father, Ebys at the time, other authors have speculated that he fell as previously stated. 66 out of favor with the Mennonite community and was Although Groff and Newman stated that Peter remar­ consequently "lost" in the early chronicles of the farnily.75 ried after 1788 (the year they presumed that Veronica However, the number of guardianships to which he was died) to Elizabeth, the widow of John Miller, it is clear appointed clearly indicate that Peter was highly respected from the above and from records in the Lancaster County and trusted to handle the financial affairs of others. In

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 12 January 2003 1770 his three youngest siblings chose him as guardian: Genealogical Outline* Elizabeth, Samuel and Michael, who were all over *all locations Lancaster Co., Pa., unless otherwise noted fourteen years of age.76 In 1787 it was Christian and Mary 1 Peter Eby, Nov.11, 1742-Nov. 24, 1819; resided Warwick Twp.; Balmer, the children of his neighbor, Christian Balmer.77 In bu. Steinmetz Cern., Elizabeth Twp.; farmer. 1788, it was the Donner children, mentioned above.7B m.(1) ca. 1766, Veronica (Donner) Brubaker; ca. 1727- Furthermore, Peter was certainly a careful business­ betw. Apr. 1805 and 1810; dau. of Michael and and widow of Daniel Brubaker. accumulation of land and Magdalena Donner man, as evidenced by his m.(2) 1813, Elizabeth (Huber) Miller; ca. 1768-1830; dau. of wealth and his diligent recording of financial transactions. Abraham Huber; divorced wife of Michael Miller. He not only entered into formal agreements with his 11 Peter Eby, Jr., "The Hermit," Mar. 10, 1766-Dec. 9, i836; children Abraham79 and Peter, Jr.so and his future wife, resided Elizabeth Twp.; reedmaker. Elizabeth,Bl but also a debtor named Druchenmiller.s2 At 12 Joseph Eby, June 30, 1772-July 13, 1854; resided Cocalico and farmer. of his charges Elizabeth Twps.; bu. Eby /Scherck Cern.; the end of his guardianships, at least some m. bef. Oct. 1795, Barbara Brechbill; Mar. 14, 1770-Jan. 15, executed releases acknowledging receipt of their inheri­ 1844; dau. of Johannes and Elizabeth Brechbill of tance and releasing Peter Eby from further liability.B3 Lebanon Twp.; bu. Eby /Scherck Cern. Fortunately, many of these instruments were recorded, 121 Abraham Eby, ca. 1796-1834; resided Cocalico Twp., bu. providing additional information about the life and Eby /Scherck Cern. m. ca. 1816, Susanna Brubaker, Oct. 1, 1795-Sept. 26, 1858; dealings of Peter Eby. dau. of John Brubaker and Elizabeth Bomberger and Why did earlier chronicles "lose" Peter Eby or also a granddau. of Veronica (Donner) Brubaker Eby by confuse him with others? Clearly, it was not due to lack of Veronica's m.(1) to Daniel Brubaker. respect. Perhaps a lack of numerous male heirs caused 1211 Magdalena (Mary) "Molly" B. Eby, June 22, 1817-Sept. 10, this. Three of Peter's four children were childless. His son 1899; resided Clay Twp.; bu. Emmanuel Lutheran Cern., Joseph did have five children, four of whom were boys. Brickerville. However, Joseph's son John died young, having produced m. Oct. 27, 1849, (Emanuel Lutheran), John W. Miller; Feb. but one heir, a son also named John who moved with his 28, 1828-Aug. 28, 1910; son of Samuel Miller and Margaret Weachter; bu. Emanuel Lutheran Cern.; farmer. · 12111 Samuel E. Miller, Aug. 15, 1853-0ct. 30, 1927; resided Elizabeth and Warwick Twps.; bu. Emanuel Lutheran Cern.; farmer, butcher (Lexington) and stagecoach driver. m. Emma:A. __ 12112 Susanna E. Miller, b. ca. 1857; resided Warwick Twp. m. Mr. Hahnly 12113 John Henry E. Miller, b. ca. 1859 1212 Joseph B. Eby, Mar. 11, 1819-May 11, 1903; resided Rothsville; bu. Rothsville Lutheran Cern.; farmer and "gen­ tleman." m. Feb. 8, 1844 (Trinity Lutheran of Lancaster), Mary H. Bender; Aug. 7, 1823-Jan.19, 1898, bu. Rothsville Lutheran Cern.; dau. of John Bender and Magdalena Herr. 12121 Mattie B. Eby, Apr. 24, 1849-Dec. 13, 1914; resided Rothsville; bu. Rothsville Lutheran Cern.; d. heart attack at a grandson's wedding reception. The gravestones of Joseph Eby (12) and his wife Barbara m. Henry S. Grumbein, Mar. 19, 1849-Nov. 16, 1921; son of (Brechbill) Eby were found in February 2002 in the deteriorat­ Reverend Henry Grumbein, one of the founders of the ed Eby-Sherck Cemetery in West Cocalico Township, Hahnstown United Zion Church, and Catherine Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Schreiner; bu. Rothsville Lutheran Cern.; farmer. Sept. 12, 1870-Aug. 28, 1940, resided mother to Iowa. Joseph's son Jonas had only one surviv­ 121211 Mary E. Grumbein, Rothsville; bu. Middle Creek Cern. ing child, a daughter named Sophia. Joseph's son Peter m. Oct. 21, 1888 (by Samuel Marley, Ephrata), Allen B. had two boys, Seth and Joel, neither of whom had any Balmer; Oct. 15, 1869- surviving sons. Although Joseph's son Abraham did have June 28, 1946; son of __ and Annie Balmer; farmer; bu. eight children, five of whom were boys, Abraham died Middle Creek Cern. very young and the children seem to have been 121212 Phares E. Grumbein, June 28, 1876-0ct. 10, 1933; resided scattered.B4 Perhaps they were "lost" to the F;bys and their Rothsville; bu. Rothsville Lutheran Cern.; farmer. Eby heritage "lost" to them. m. Sept. 9, 1894 (Rev. Elias Hornberger, Farmersville), Lizzie Accordingly, this research is dedicated to the memo­ S. Long; dau. of Owen R. Long; divorced. 25, 1879-June 23, 1942; resided McQuate 121213 Emma E. Grumbein, Sept. ry of my grandmother, Martha Grumbine Lincoln, Clay Twp.; bu. Rothsville Lutheran Cern. Witwer (1212132), a descendent of Peter Eby who never m. June 2, 1901 (Rev. Benjamin Welder, Reamstown), forgot her Eby heritage. My grandmother kept the fami­ Wallace McQuate; Sept. 26, 1878-Jan. 27, 1944; son of ly memory alive by naming her first son, Harold Eby John McQuate Or.) and Mary Martzall; bu. Rothsville Witwer, and by telling us that we were descended from Lutheran Cern. 1212131 Harry G. McQuate, Dec. 23, 1901-Aug. 30, 1983; bu. "the Ebys who owned all the mills." Lincoln Cern.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 13 Januan; 2003 On the north side of Pleasant View Road near Hackman Road in Clay Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, stands the house built by Jonas Eby (124) and his wife Maria in 1850. The original wooden marker giving this information was taken inside about thirty years ago, when a new dates tone (top center) was placed on the exterior.

1214 John Eby 1215 Barbara Eby, b. ca. 1823; resided Elizabeth Twp. m. George Weiman, Jan. 20, 1785-July 3, 1859; stonemason; bu. Emanuel Lutheran Cern.; no ch. 1216 Jonas Eby, Oct. 12, 1825-Mar. 4, 1906, resided Penn Twp.; bu. Erb Mennonite, Cern.; farmer. m. Sept. 28, 1852 (Rev. J. J. Strine) Ester "Hettie" Meek; July 18, 1831-Feb. 9, 1909: dau. of Samuel and Elizabeth Meek; bu. Erb Mennonite Cern. 12161 Mary M. Eby, b. ca. 1856 12162 Samuel M. Eby, Aug. 31, 1858-Dec. 10, 1926; toll gate ten­ der, Route 501 and Newport Roads, Warwick Twp.; bu. Erb Mennonite Cern. m. Lizzie C. Frey, Mar. 2, 1887-Apr. 14, 1944; dau. of Samuel Frey and Amanda Christ; bu. Erb Mennonite Cern. 12163 John M. Eby, b. Aug. 6, 1860 12164 Jonas M. Eby, May 1863-1963; bu. Emanuel Lutheran In February 2002 the gravestones of Jonas Eby (124) and wife Cern. Maria (Wolf) Eby were overturned and lying in the brambles m. Fannie M. Ruhl,1865-1944; dau. of Henry G. and Emma at the Eby/Sherck Cemetery. Ruhl; bu. Emanuel Lutheran Cern. 12165 Henry M. Eby, b. ca. 1866 m.Cora Romig, May 27, 1897-May 24, 1972; bu. Lincoln 12166 Hettie M. Eby, b. ca. 1868 . Cern.; dau. of Henry Romig and Mary Haller. 1217 Samuel Eby; d. bef. Aug. 21, 1896, with heirs, when he was 1212132 Martha G. McQuate, Oct. 9, 1903-July 29, 1980, bu. mentioned in the will of his brother-in-law, Jacob Smuck, Rothsville Lutheran Cern. who left one-seventh share of his estate to "the children of m. Jan.l, 1925 (Rev. L.A. Werner, Brownstown), Charles K. my brother-in-law, Samuel Eby, Dec' d."ss Witwer; July 23, 1899-Sept. 2, 1985; son of William B. 1218 Elias Eby, May 7, 1833-Mar. 21, 1909; bu. Medina, Ohio. Witwer and Mary E. Kring; bu. Rothsville Lutheran m. Sept. 22, 1853 (Rev. Strine) Elizabeth Hess; dau. of David Cern. and Elizabeth Hess. 1213 Elizabeth Eby, Oct. 3, 1820-Apr. 7, 1896, resided Ephrata 122 Peter Eby, Mar. 31, 1798-Mar. 29, 1859; resided Penn Twp.; Twp; bu. Metzler Mennonite Cern. bu. Erb Mennonite Cern.; farmer. m. Dec. 9, 1847 (Trinity Lutheran of Lancaster) Jacob Smuck; m. June 26, 1819 (Emanuel Lutheran), Maria Eby; Feb. 1, Feb. 20, 1821-Jan. 16, 1897; bu. Metzler Mennonite 1795-Aug. 15, 1880; dau. of Christian Bricker Eby and Cern.; wheelwright; no ch. Veronica Hershey; bu. Erb Mennonite Cern.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 14 Januan; 2003 m. Oct. 18, 1887, AaronS. Snyder; son of John K. and Maria Snyder. 123 John Eby, Mar. 7, 1800-Aug. 4, 1822; bu. Landis Cern., Manheim Twp. m. Oct. 9, 1821, Magdalena Hershey; Oct. 3, 1803-May 15, 1877; dau. of Christian and Elizabeth Hershey; bu. Lisbon, Iowa. 1231 John Hershey Eby, Feb. 8, 1823-Mar. 26, 1917; resided Lisbon, Linn Co., Iowa; bu. E. Ridgelawn Cern., N. Nutley, New Jersey; carpenter. m. Feb. 11, 1847, Elizabeth Reed; Sept. 19, 1826- Aug. 19, 1891; dau. of John and Elizabeth Reed; bu. Lisbon, Iowa. 12311 Henry A. Eby, Jan. 5, 1848-Jan. 18, 1848; d. as child; bu. Lisbon, Iowa. 12312 Amanda C. Eby, Nov. 9, 1849-Sept. 17, 1850, d. as child; bu. Lisbon, Iowa. 12313 Samuel Jefferson Charles Eby, Nov. 6, 1852-July 18, 1915 m. Dec. 5, 1876, Grace Price 12314 Elizabeth C. Eby, Sept. 25, 1854-Nov. 18, 1855, d. as child; bu. Lisbon, Iowa. 12315 Mary Adaline Eby, Mar. 22, 1858-Jan. 12, 1943 m. Aug. 26, 1884, George Hoke Smith 124 Jonas Eby, Nov. 12, 1802-Jan. 15, 1877, resided Elizabeth The broken gravestone of Catherine (?Brechbill) Eby, wife of (now Clay) Twp.; bu. Eby /Scherck Cern.; farmer; built a Abraham Eby (13), was set in a concrete slab, possibly obscur­ large brick house in 1850 on the north side of Pleasant View ing part of the text. The visible text is still legible. It is in Rd, west of the Indian Run; his father, Joseph Eby, spent the Steinmetz Cemetery on the north side of Brubaker Valley last years of his life living with Jonas in this house; Jonas's Road in eastern Elizabeth Township, Lancaster County, land was directly across Pleasant View Road from his Pennsylvania. father's land. m. Dec.l2, 1826 (Rev. Henry Hoffmeier), Maria Wolf; May 6, 1221 Seth Eby, Jan. 30, 1820-0ct. 31, 1883; resided West 1807-Aug. 17, 1878; bu. Eby /Scherck Cern. Hempfield Twp.; farmer; bu. Landisville Mennonite Cern. 1241 Sophia Eby, Dec. 11, 1827-Nov. 9, 1902 m.(1) Nov. 2, 1841, Lea Bucher, June 28, 1817-Dec. 16, 1848; m. Henry Erb, Sept. 20, 1819-Jan. 31, 1877; son of John Erb dau. of Jonas Bucher and Susanna Witwer; bu. and Barbara Bergelbauth; resided Clay Twp.; farmer; Bomberger Cern., Warwick Twp. neighbors of Joseph Eby. s6 m.(2) Anna (Sherk) Schlott, Aug. 25, 1819-Aug. 19, 1893; 125 Catharine Eby, June 2, 1805-Sept. 13, 1870, resided Cocalico dau. of Christian and Martha Sherk and widow of Twp., bu. Mellinger Lutheran Cern., Schoeneck. Samuel Schlott; bu. Landisville Mennonite Cern. m. Apr. 20, 1826 (Reiher's Reformed Church), Jacob Eberly; 12211 Peter Eby, Oct. 7, 1842-June 19, 1852; d. as child; bu. July 22, 1796-Aug. 12, 1858; son of Jacob Eberly and Bomberger Cern. Anna Sherk; bu. Mellinger Lutheran Cern.; farmer. The 12212 Susan(na) B. Eby, Feb. 13, 1845-Feb. 23, 1926; resided West Eberlys lived on a farm west of Camp Rodgers Rd., Hempfield Twp .; bu. Landisville Mennonite Cern. close to both Joseph Eby (12) and Jonas Eby (124).87 m. Abraham L. Lane, Mar. 22, 1837-0ct. 30, 1903; son of 13 Abraham Eby, ca. 1778-1852; resided Elizabeth Twp.; farmer. Christian and Sarah Lane; bu. Landisville Mennonite m. Catherine (?Brechbill), Aug. 26, 1777-Feb. 6, 1851; bu. Cern.; farmer. Steinmetz Cern., Elizabeth Twp.; no ch. 12213 Mary B. Eby, Apr. 9, 1847-Feb. 14, 1909; resided West 14 Elizabeth Eby Hempfield Twp.; bu. Landisville Mennonite Cern. m. Christian Long, no ch. m. Peter C. Ebersole, Nov. 26, 1843-Aug. 15, 1905; son of Christian Ebersole and Mary Rutt; bu. Landisville Mennonite Cern.; farmer. Notes 1222 Joel Eby, Mar. 19, 1821-Apr. 18, 1880; resided Penn Twp.; bu. Erb Mennonite Cern.; farmer. *Acknowledgments: In the genealogical outline, refer­ m. ca. 1841, Esther Hess; Oct. 24, 1823-May 8, 1888; dau.of ence was frequently made to the notes of Richard A. Eby Huber; bu. Erb Mennonite Henry Hess and Catherine Society. All Cern. on file at Lancaster Mennonite Historical 12221 Maria H. Eby, Sept. 29, 1842-Mar. 23, 1924; bu. Erb photographs are courtesy of Joseph W. Lahr. Thanks to my Mennonite Cern. cousin, Venessa Adams Buckwalter, for reading this man­ m. Oct. 15, 1861, Michael F. Hostetter, Sept. 25, 1832-Nov. 29, uscript and to David J. Rempel Smucker for numerous 1920; son of Christian Hostetter and Catharine Franck; suggestions which proved helpful in unraveling the . Erb Mennonite Cern.; farmer. bu Eby's family. 12222 Catherine H. Eby, Apr. 18, 1845-June 29, 1907; bu. Erb complicated history of Peter Mennonite Cern. 1. Clyde L. Groff and George F. Newman, The Eby Report, Vol. 1, No. m. Oct. 10, 1865 (Rev. W. T. Gerhard), John B. Huber; June 2, (Glenolden, Pa.: Authors, 1976), pp. 114- 133, "The Nephew Legend." 28, 1844-Apr. 11, 1924; son of John Huber and Fanny 2. Ibid., pp. 114-116. Ezra E. Eby, A Biographical Histon; of the Eby Buckwalter; bu. Erb Mennonite Cern. Family (Berlin, Ontario: Author, 1889), reprinted Nov. 1991 by Aden Eby, 12223 Heinrich H. Eby, Aug. 4, 1854-0ct. 19, 1857; d. as child; bu. Cambridge, Ontario, p. 4; Franklin Stanton Aby, Md., The Eby Family Erb Mennonite Cern. Bulletin, No. 3, Private, Chicago, Illinois (1924), p. 52. 12224 Fannie H. Eby, b. Apr. 11, 1857 3. Patent A-12-451 [dated and recorded Nov. 12, 1746], Pennsylvania 12225 Lizzie H. Eby, b. May 9, 1864 State Archives, Harrisburg, Pa., to Christian Eby for 236 acres and

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 15 January 2003 allowance, consisting of two contiguous tracts of land as follows: 1) 166 with Elizabeth Miller. The property was left to Joseph, excluding a life acres warranted to Jacob Byerly on Jan. 3,1733; surveyed (C-50-79) Nov. estate in three acres to the widow, Elizabeth Eby. 12, 1735; voided due to noncompliance with terms; re-warranted (E- 15. The Dussing tract (60 acres) mentioned in Peter's will, 13 acres of 114) to Christian Eby on Oct. 30, 1746; 2) 70 acres warranted (E-93) to which he left to his daughter Elizabeth and the balance to his son Joseph. Christian Eby on Dec. 23, 1743 and surveyed (A-49-102) on Oct. 14, 1744. 16. The will of Daniel Brubaker is lost at Lancaster County Archives. 4. On Oct. 17, 1729, 237 acres were surveyed (A-47-36 and A-75-253) Record of it can be found in Abstract of Lancaster County Penna. Wills 1721- for Christian Eby on "a branch of the Conestogoe," on Hammer Creek 1820, Collections of the Genealogical Society of Pennsylvania, Vol. 24, southeast of the homestead lands. Although Christian Eby obtained a Philadelphia (1896), p 44, "Brubacher, Daniel - Dated April 21st 1762 - warrant (E-17) on Feb. 22, 1738, between 1748 and 1749 the lands were Probated 1762. Exec. Hans, Jacob and John Brubacher. Twp. (omitted). divided (Smvey A-75-260) and patented to Michael Cline (Patent A-17- Wife - Voronica Brubacher. Children - John, Daniel and Anna"; 386; dated Jan. 26, 1749; 137 acres) and David Bieler (Patent A-14-450; Miscellaneous Book 1763-1767, p. 257 [Dec. 11, 1766] in the matter of dated July 3, 1750; 100 acres). It appears that Christian sold these earliest Daniel Brubaker, deceased; Jacob N. Brubacher, The Brubacher Genealogy tracts after obtaining a patent for the homestead lands. in America (Elkhart, Indiana: Mennonite Publishing Company, 1884), pp. 5. Stone dwelling at the intersection of Snavely Mill and Reifsnyder 7-11; Phares Brubaker Gibble Papers, A-VIII, pp. 5, 7, Lancaster Roads, Elizabeth Township, Lancaster County, Pa. An engraved stone Mennonite Historical Society; Ira D. Landis, "The Earliest Doner Family mounted above the porch is inscribed "Christian Ebi Elisabetha 1754." in America," Mennonite Research Journal, Vol. 18, No. 2, Apr. 1977, p. 1; 6. Groff and Newman, The Eby Report, Vol. 1, No. 1, (1975), pp. 87- Dudley Dohner, "The Dohner Family Newsletter," Feb. 1980. 88; Eby, Biographical History, p. 4; Aby, Eby Family Bulletin, Vol. 3, p. 52. 17. Miscellaneous Book 1772-1776, p. 204 (June 8, 1774], in the mat­ 7. Miscellaneous Book 1760-1763, pp. 12-14 [1st Tuesday of December ter of Daniel Brubaker, deceased. 1760), Lancaster County Archives, Lancaster, Pa. 18. Martha Xake!lis, Grave Undertakings, Vol. 1 (Elizabeth Township) 8. Miscellaneous Book 1760-1763, p. 13-14, Lancaster County (Apollo, Pa.: Closson Press, 1989) p. 93; "The Earliest Donner Family in Archives. Warrant E-186 [dated Aug.17, 1753), in Cocalico Township; America," p.l. Survey B-188 [dated June 21, 1760], Patent AA-7-111 [dated July 5, 1766] 19. Alexander Harris, Biographical History of Lancaster County for 235 acres to Wyrick Bence-all Pennsylvania State Archives. Judging (Lancaster, Pa.: Elias Barr & Co, 1872), p. 185. from the date of the warrant, it was indeed secured by Christian Eby, Sr., 20. Eby, Biographical Histon;, p. 134. despite the Orphans Court record. 21. The Eby Report (1976), p. 156; Groff and Newman, The Eby Report, 9. Miscellaneous Book 1760-1763, p. 12, Lancaster County Archives. Vol. 2, No. 1, (1978), p. 62. 10. The Eby Report (1976), p. 117. 22. Will M-1-349 [dated Nov. 20, 1815; probated Dec. 24,1819] of Peter 11. Tax List of 1770, Warwick Twp., Lancaster Co., Pa., Roll no. 6064, Eby. frames 129, 137, Pennsylvania State Archives. 23. The Eby Report (1976), pp. 134-140; Ezra Eby, Biographical History, 12. The Royer tract (136 acres) was the principal homestead for Peter pp. 134-135; Harris, Biographical History, p. 185. and Veronica and also for Peter, Jr., and Abraham. It lies for the most part 24. Peter Jr. is referred to as a "reedmaker" in Deed 23-145 and in the south of Brubaker Valley Road between Hammer Creek and Sleepy inventory of his estate. The Eby Report (1976), p. 136, speculated that this Hollow Roads. Deed BB-2-211 [dated Mar. 23, 1769; recorded Dec. 11, occupation involved the manufacture of reeds for the weaving of cloth. 1784], Lancaster County Archives, from Samuel Royer and wife, 25. Tax Lists for Warwick Township, 1820-21 (frames 1073, 1109); The Elizabeth, to Peter Eby of Warwick Township for £830, being part of the Eby Report (1976), pp. 134-140; Eby, Biographical Histon;, pp. 134-135; Royer patents in Warwick (now Elizabeth) Township. Peter ttuned this Harris, Biographical History, p. 185. land over to Abraham, with certain exclusions, in 1799 (Deed 17-413), 26. Inventory of Peter Eby [Dec. 23, 1836), Lancaster County identifying jt as the plantation "whereon they now dwell" and con­ Historical Society. firmed the grant in his will. Excluded from the grant was a one-acre por­ 27. In the Steinmetz Cemetery in Elizabeth Township in a different tion on which Peter, Jr. lived, which was conveyed to Peter, Jr. in 1816 row from the grave of Peter Eby, Sr. is btuied "Barbara, wife of Peter Eby (Deed 13-478). Peter, Sr. also reserved for himself the use of one-half of 1764-1806." Xakellis, Grave Undertakings, Vol. 1, p . 91; Author's the house, one-third of the barn, and 14 acres consisting of meadow, Conversation with Martha Xakellis, June 2002. Since Peter Eby, Sr.'s wife, field, orchard and wood lands. Adjacent to the Royer tract was the Shenk Veronica, was still alive in April1805, it is highly unlikely that this was a tract (9 acres). Deed BB-2-214 [dated Dec. 17, 1770, recorded Dec. 10, second wife of Peter, Sr. Researchers must consider the possibility that 1784), from John Shenk and wife, Barbara, to Peter Eby of Warwick Barbara was the wife of Peter, "the Hermit." Township for five shillings, being part of the Michael Shenk patent in 28. Will R-1-292, of Peter Eby Gr.), Lancaster County Archives. Warwick (now Elizabeth) Township. This tract was a triangle of land 29. Will M-1-349, Lancaster County Archives. adjoining the Royer tract. 30. Deed 17-413; Deed 13-478-both Lancaster County Archives. 13. The Bulrnerton tract (140 acres) is in Warwick Township, just east 31. Deed 11-123; Deed 11-124-both Lancaster County Archives. of Lexington, on both sides of Lexington Road. Patent AA-13-509 [dated 32. Deed 23-145, Lancaster County Archives June 16, 1773), to Peter Eby of Warwick Township and John "Hauch." 33. Harris, Biographical History, p. 185. Peter and John "Karch" divided this Warwick Township land into two 34. Account of Peter Eby [dated Nov. 19, 1840), Lancaster Cotmty 70-acre parcels, with Mr. "Karch" taking the western portion (Deed R-3- Historical Society. 721) and Peter the eastern half. The deed record shows that Peter reptu­ 35. Hemy Wissler, The Wissler Family Record (Elora, Ontario: author, chased the western half in 1802 from the then owners, Jacob and 1904) p. 19. Catherine "Diertorf," in 1802 (Deed R-3-723). In the 1815 Direct Tax, the 36. The Eby Report (1976), pp. 134-140; Brubacher, Brubacher western half of this property (70 acres) was described as being located GenealOgJJ, p. 10. along the road from Newport to Coleman's Iron Works with a one story 37. Miscellaneous Book 1763-1767, p. 257 [Dec. 11, 1766], Lancaster timber house and barn valued at $3000. Peter left his property to Peter, County Archives. Jr. in his will. John Eby, Executor of Peter, Sr.'s estate, conveyed this par­ 38. U.S. Federal Census of 1800, Cocalico Twp., Lancaster Co., Pa., cel to Peter, Jr., together with some additions, for a total of 81 acres in p.195: Joseph Ebie/3 males <10 (Abraham, Peter, John), 1 Male 26-44 1820 (Deed 23-145). The history of the eastern half of the tract is con­ Goseph), 1 Female 26-44 (Barbara); 1810 Census: p. 292/Joseph Eby/2 fused, with few recorded instruments. In the Diertorf deed (R-3-723) it is males <10 Ganas, John), 2 males 10-15 (Peter, Abraham), 1 male 26-44 described as "land of Peter Eby." It is possible that Peter sold the land Goseph), 1 female <10 (Catherine),l female 26-44 (Barbara). and then reacquired it from the Dussings (see below). In his will he gave 39. U. S. Federal Census of 1830, Elizabeth Twp., Lancaster Co., Pa., 13 acres of the Dussing property to Elizabeth and the balance of about 47 p. 378: Joseph Eby /1 male 50-60/1 female 50-60; U.S. Federal Census of acres to Joseph. The Dussing tract plus the tract deeded to Peter Jr. total 1840, Elizabeth Twp., p. 419: Joseph Eby/1 male 60-70/1 male 5-10/1 the original140 acres of "Bulmerton." female 15-20/1 female 70-80. Perhaps the youngsters are Abraham's chil­ 14. The Habecker tract (41 acres) is in Warwick Township, north of dren. See note 84. Hackman Road along Hammer Creek. Deed FF-2-321 [dated Nov. 3, 40. Will V-1-709 [dated May 12, 1840; probated Aug. 14,1854), of 1786; recorded Feb. 5, 1787] from Christian Habecker and wife, Ann, to Joseph Eby. Peter Eby for 1340. This is the extreme northern part of the Edith 41. Personal observation of gravestone (OWL) on Feb. 3, 2002; Erisman Patent A-9-283 [dated Feb. 20, 1740]. See Deed FF-2-266 [dated Lancaster County Cemetery Records, Volume 3, p. 17, Eby /Scherk Cern.; Oct. 10, 1785; recorded Dec. 22, 1786] from Daniel Habecker to Christian Transcription of Eby /Scherck Cern. (unknown date), Lancaster Habecker. In the 1815 Direct Tax, this is described as 40 acres in Warwick Mennonite Historical Society. Township adjacent to Michael Kline, Michael Balmer, Jr., and John Hess 42. Death Register for 1852-1855, p. 162, "Joseph Eby," Lancaster with "Forge Brick" (Hammer Creek?) passing through. Peter lived here County Archives.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 16 January 2003 43. The Eby Report (1976), p. 158; The Eby Report (1978), p. 63; Eby, 64. "The Earliest Doner Family in America," p. 1; Brubacher, Biographical History, p. 134; Brubacher, Brubacher Genealogt;, p. 10. See also Brubacher Genealogtj, p. 7, 10; Dudley Dohner, p. 1. Deed K-8-392, a release from the children of Abraham Eby to the execu­ 65. Miscellaneous Book 1784-1787, p. 501 [Dec. 5, 1787], Lancaster tors of Joseph Eby's estate and Deed K-8-394, a release from Catherine to County Archives, in matter of Abraham Downer, deceased; those executors. Miscellaneous Book 1788-1791, p. 9, [Mar. 4, 1788). 44. Deed S-6-254 [dated Apr. 7, 1831; recorded May 3,1841) from 66. "The Earliest Donner Family in America," p. 1; Dudley Dohner, Joseph Eby and Barbara, his wife, of Elizabeth Township, to Jacob Eberly, pp. 1-2; The Eby Report (1976), p. 120. for 124 acres in Cocalico Township. 67. Deed 13-176 [dated Sept. 28, 1813; recorded Dec. 6, 1815), 45. See note 41. Lancaster County Archives, between Peter Eby and Elizabeth Miller, 46. Will A-325 [dated Oct.2, 1795; probated Nov. 13, 1795]; microfilm 68. The Eby Report (1976), p. 120-121. no. B-1) of Johannes Brechbeel, Dauphin County Archives, Harrisburg, 69. Eugene F. Throop, Lancaster Countt; Pennsylvania Divorces: 1786- Pa. 1832, (Bowie, Md.: Heritage Books, 1996), p. 36. Original documents at 47. See The Eby Report (1975), pp. 1-2 for a discussion of the various Lancaster County Historical Society, Lancaster County Appearance permutations of the name "Eby." Docket, April Term 1813, Case #51, 48. "The Earliest Doner Family in America," p. 1. 70. Xakellis, Grave Undertakings, vol. 1, p. 91; Personal observation of 49. See note 57. gravestone (OWL) on Feb. 3, 2002. 50. The Eby Report (1976), p. 133 and 156; The Eby Report (1978), p. 63. 71. The Ebt; Report (1976), pp. 122-129. 51. U.S. Federal Census of 1850, Elizabeth Twp., Lancaster Co., Pa., p. 72. Will M-1-349, Lancaster County Archives. 257/dwelling 160/family 169/27 Sept. 1850/ Abraham Eby, age 71, 73. Inventory of Peter Eby (1819), Lancaster County Historical farmer, real estate worth $9200; Catharina Eby; age 73; Margaret Meily, Society; The Eby Report (1976), p. 129-133. age 13; Eliza Ellis, age 28. 74. Bond E-1-201, Lancaster County Archives. Also posting bond, in 52. U.S. Federal Census of 1800, Warwick Twp., Lancaster Co., Pa., p. addition to the administrators, were her neighbors, Benjamin Balmer 144/ Abraham Eby /1 male 10-15,1 male 16-25 (Abraham), 1 male 45 and and Christian Habecker. over (Peter Sr), 1 female 16-25 (Catherine), 1 female 45 and over 75. The Eby Report (1976), p. 117. (Veronica); U.S. Federal Census of 1810, Warwick Twp., p. 314/ Abraham 76. Miscellaneous Book 1768-1772, p. 180, Lancaster County Eby/1 male 10-15, 1 male 26-44 (Abraham), 1 male over 45 (Peter Sr.), 1 Archives, in the matter of Christian Eby, deceased. female 26-44 (Catherine); U.S. Federal Census of 1820, Elizabeth Twp., p. 77. Miscellaneous Book, 1784-1787, p. 415, Lancaster County 59 I Abraham Eby /1 male 10-16, 2 males 26-44 (Abraham, ?), 2 females Archives, in the matter of Christian Ballmer, deceased. 18-26, 1 female 26-44 (Catharine); U. S. Federal Census of 1840, Elizabeth 78. Miscellaneous Book, 1788-1791, p. 9, Lancaster County Archives, Twp., p. 421/ Abraham Eby /1 male, 60-70 (Abraham), 1 female, 20-30, 1 in the matter of Abraham Downer, deceased. female, 60-70 (Catherine). 79. Deeds 17-413 and R-3-726, Lancaster County Archives. 53. Miscellaneous persons appear in the census records, up to and 80. Deed 13-478 [dated Aug. 3, 1816; recorded Nov 5, 1816], including 1850, but these are probably household or farm help. Harris, Lancaster County Archives, agreement between Peter Eby, Sr. and Peter · Biographical Histon;, p. 185, also stated that Abraham was "married but Eby, Jr. whereby Peter Eby, Sr. and Elizabeth, his wife, transferred one had no children." acre of the Royer Tract to Peter Eby, Jr. for 5 shillings. 54. Deed 17-413 [dated Apr. 10, 1799; recorded Apr. 29, 1819), 81. Deed 13-176, Lancaster County Archives. Lancaster County Archives, Peter Eby transferred his plantation in 82. Deed W-1-470 [dated July 25, 1786; recorded Nov. 6, 1786], Warwick Twp. (Royer tract) to his son, Abraham Eby, on certain terms Lancaster County Archives, is an agreement between Frederick and conditions and with certain reservations, including one acre for Druchenmiller, of Rapho Township, and Peter Eby of Warwick Peter Eby, Jr. and 14 acres for Peter Eby, Sr. Township, whereby Frederick Druchenrniller conveyed his "Potters 55. Will M-1-349, Lancaster County Archives. Erthen Mill and Glazeing Mill" together with certain household goods to 56. Xakellis, Grave Undertakings, Vol. 1, p. 91. Peter Eby to secure a debt of £7. 57. Will V-1-336 [dated Apr. 9, 1851; probated Dec. 30, 1852], 83. Deed Q-3-207 [dated Feb. 22, 1804; recorded Apr. 30, 1804], Lancaster County Archives, of Abraham Eby. Heirs named are the 18 Lancaster County Archives, is a release and quit-claim from Jonas grandchildren of his brother Joseph, to wit: Abraham's children Brown and Mary, his wife, a daughter of Christian Balmer, to Peter Eby. (Magdalena, Joseph, Elizabeth, John, Barbara, Jonas, Samuel and Elias); Deed Q-3-206 [dated Jan, 12, 1803; recorded Apr. 30, 1804], Lancaster Peter's sons (Seth and Joel);·John's son (John); Jonas's daughter (Sophia); County Archives, release and quit- claim from Daniel Downer, a son of and Catharina's children (Isaac, Maria, Elizabeth, Henry, Leah and Abraham Downer, to Peter Eby. Deed Q-3-205 [dated Apr. 7, 1802, and Susanna Eberly). He also names his brother-in-law, Abraham Brechbill, recorded Apr. 30, 1804], Lancaster County Archives, release and quit­ presumably the younger brother of Catherine Eby. Abraham Brechbill claim from Christian Balmer, a son of Christian Balmer, to Peter Eby. and his wife Maria lived in Elizabeth Township and are mentioned fre­ 84. U.S. Federal Census of 1840, Elizabeth Twp., Lancaster Co., Pa., p. quently in records of Emanuel Lutheran Church, Brickerville, where 414, suggests that six years after her husband's death, Susanna Eby was Abraham is buried. See also 1850 census for Elizabeth Township, p. 271. living with just one of her children (male 5-10 years of age), presumably 58. Peter Eby left various clues about Elizabeth, including the fact Elias. The age range of her children at this point would have been seven that she was well-off, had no children, and was unlikely to have any, per­ to 23. haps due to illness or incapacity on the part of her husband, Christian 85. Will M-2-137, Lancaster County Archives. Long. A search of Long family records was confusing. However, it strikes 86. See Gladys E.G. Lichtenwalter, Erb Family Histon;, 1679-1961 the present author that the Christian Long of Rapho Twp., who died in (Lancaster, Pa.: Author, [1961]), pp. 406 ff. for descendants of Sophia Eby 1820 (Will M-1-422) and left a sizeable estate, is a possible candidate. and Henry Erb. His widow was named Elizabeth; he had no children; and he left his 87. See Paul C. Bennetch, Eberly Family Histon;, 1700-1 974 (Denver, estate to the children of his brothers and sisters. William Gabriel Long, Pa.: Author, 1974), pp. 192-195, for descendants of Catherine Eby and The History of the Long Family (Huntingdon, West Virginia: Long Family Jacob Eberly. D Organization, 1930), p. 43lists this Christian as the son of Joseph, son of John, son of Christian, the immigrant ancestor, but lists no brothers, only sisters. George Ernest Long and Margaret W. Long, John Long of Lancaster County Pennsylvania and Some of His Descendents (New Orleans: Polyanthos, 1974), p. 25, states that Joseph's son Christian was married to a different Elizabeth and had several children. Perhaps persons more versed in the Long family can help clarify this. Elizabeth, wife of the above-mentioned Christian Long died in 1823 (Bond B-1-80). 59. The Eby Report (1976), p. 156. 60. Deed R-3-726 [dated Apr. 15, 1805; recorded July 4, 1805], Lancaster County Archives: Abraham Eby rented ten acres in Warwick Twp.(part of the Royer tract) to his parents for the term of their natural lives, for farming. 61. See note 52. 62. Xakellis, Grave Undertakings, Vol. 1, p. 93. 63. The Eby Report (1976), p. 119.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 17 January 2003 One dozen images from the scope of Pennsylvania Mennonite and Amish history reveal important themes from the major regions of settlement.

Image Icons of Pennsylvania Mennonite and Amish History

compiled and edited by David J. Rempel Smucker

Is it possible to choose twelve representative images All but two of the regions Quniata and Westmoreland) from the broad scope of more than three centuries of have or soon will have (Franklin) narrative monographs: Mennonite and Amish history in Pennsylvania without Bucks/Montgomery, John L. Ruth, Maintaining the Right distorting the account or neglecting crucial ideas? The Fellowship: A narrative account of life in the oldest Mennonite readers of this article may judge the answer provided community in North America (Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, here. From its origins in 1978, Pennsylvania Mennonite 1984); Lancaster, John L. Ruth, The Earth is the Lord's: A nar­ Heritage has included illustrations and highlighted their rative history of the Lancaster Mennonite Conference importance to historical understanding. Relevant images (Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 2001). Mifflin, S. Duane offer the reader visual delight, confirm the content of the Kauffman, Mifflin County Amish and Mennonite Story, 1791- text, and document the material culture which relates to 1991 (Belleville, Pa.: Mifflin County Mennonite Historical the text. Society, 1991); Franklin, Samuel L. Horst and Edsel The editor asked historians to choose images and Burdge Jr., A Narrative History of the Mennonites of Franklin accompanying themes, which could serve as a visual his­ County, Pennsylvania and Washington County, Man;land, torical introduction to the major Mennonite settlements 1730-1970, forthcoming. centered in (but not limited to) the following counties: The twelve themes and images that emerged from Bucks/Montgomery, Lancaster, Franklin, Juniata, Mifflin, this exercise were: Westmoreland. The size and longevity of the settlements 1. Education and Literacy (fraktur writing and decoration) shaped the number of images chosen from each region. 2. Worship (interior of church meetinghouse with wor­ These images may be widely-known or obscure, striking shipers) or prosaic, blurry or sharply-focused. In order to direct the 3. Church-related Institution (home for the aged) reader's attention to the themes, the editor requested that 4. Economic and Family Life (selling food at urban images of only one person be avoided. market) The themes, of course, are not unique to each region; . 5. Rural Life (one structure as family dwelling and church twelve images illustrating these themes could have been meetinghouse) chosen for each of the six regions. Hopefully, all the 6. Pacifism and Nonresistance (gravestones) themes taken together present a somewhat well-rounded 7. Old Order Mennonites and Amish (horse-drawn impression of the Pennsylvania Mennonite and Amish buggies and footwashing tubs) past, although many other themes and images could be 8. Folklife (women's sewing circle group) included. 9. Persecution and Separatism (book title page) A few suggestions for further reading and image 10. Acculturation and Wealth (industrial village) sources are included after each theme. Considerable 11. Mission (Africans and Americans) material on Pennsylvania may be found in the Mennonite 12. Church Practices and Innovation (exterior of church Encyclopedia (five volumes) and the four volumes of the meetinghouse) series entitled Mennonite Experience in America, all pub­ The editor thanks the following individuals for con­ lished by Herald Press: 1) Land, Piety, Peoplehood: The tributions from the various regions: Joel Alderfer and John Establshment of Mennonite Communities in America, 1683- L. Ruth for Montgomery and Bucks counties; J. Lloyd 1790, by Richard K. MacMaster (1985); 2) Peace, Faith, Gingrich and Noah L. Zimmerman for Juniata County; S. Nation: Mennonites and Amish in Nineteenth Century Duane Kauffman for Mifflin County; Edsel Burdge, Jr., for America, by Theron F. Schlabach (1988); 3) Vision, Doctrine, Franklin County. The editor was responsible for Lancaster War: Mennonite Identity and Organization in America, 1890- and Westmoreland counties. 19301 by James C. Juhnke (1990); 4) Mennonites in American Society, 1930-1970: Modernity and the Persistence of Religious Community, by Paul Toews (1996).

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 18 fanuan; 2003 1. Education and Literacy In the 1680s the first Mennonite congregation in This image of the folk art called fraktur illustrates the North America began to emerge in Germantown, now emphasis placed on education among Pennsylvania part of Philadelphia. With a larger wave of immigrants in Mennonites. In order to read the Bible and undertake 1717, the region to the north of Philadelphia became the commerce, literacy became important; the practice of destination of Mennonites from the German Palatinate. choosing ministers without any formal theological educa­ The congregations there formed the Franconia Mennonite tion may have underscored the desirability of spreading Conference, named after a township in what is now basic education throughout the Mennonite population. Montgomery County and a region in Germany. This image also shows that German was the primary Henry Brachtheiser (1762-1788) was a schoolmaster in language of all Pennsylvania Mennonites and Amish in Skippack Township, where Mennonite youth attended. the eighteenth century. He came to Pennsylvania as a Hessian soldier during the American Revolution and stayed, marrying a Mennonite, Joel D. Alderfer, "H.B. Schuldiner Auf Schippach: Elizabeth Godshalk, and most likely joining the Henrich Brachtheiser (1762-1788), Hessian Mercenary Mennonite Church. He made decorated manuscripts as turned Schoolmaster & Fraktur Artist, of Lower Salford gifts for his pupils in order to assist them in handwriting, and Skippack," Mennonite Historians of Eastern spelling, and moral instructions, such as this one dated Pennsylvania Newsletter 23:6 (Nov. 1996): 4-6.·For a general 1787. In German called a Vorschrift, this one contains bib­ introduction to this region see John L. Ruth, Maintaining lical passages and a practice alphabet. the Right Fellowship: A narrative account of life in the oldest Particularly fascinating in this Vorschrift is the motif Mennonite community in North America (Scottdale, Pa.: employed in the first line, which begins with the letter D Herald Press, 1984). (Daran wird ]ederman erkennen - Thereby will everyone know that you are my disciples, if you have love for one another). The upper part of the letter becomes a snake, inscribed with the verse, "Be wise as serpents," while the lower part, in the shape of a bird, contains "and innocent as doves." Though not original with Brachtheiser, this motif was chosen by the former soldier, along with a scripture verse and hymn text cherished by the pacifist fellowship he had espoused.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 19 January 2003 2. Worship In the autumn of 1938 the Deep Run (Old) Mennonite Church of Bedminster, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, held their annual harvest home worship service. Note the long preachers' bench (or pulpit) behind which the ordained men sat, characteristic of the Franconia Mennonite Conference. The women, wearing the regulation head covering, sat as a group in the middle. The song leader, photographed in the middle of leading a hymn, stands to the viewers' left of the preachers' bench. This image of a meetinghouse interior and the worship which occurred inside that space illustrates the Pennsylvania plain aesthetic. One sees the centrality and authority of ordained men, the separate seating of men and women, earlier common among all denominations. The plain interior is unadorned except for functional hat racks on the walls and hanging from the ceilings. It also illustrates the Anabaptist-Mennonite conviction that the church worships as a gathered fellowship of believers meeting to discern the will of God and that congregation­ al hymn singing is central to that communal discernment.

Phil Johnson Ruth, A North Penn Pictorial (Lansdale, Pa.: Clemens Markets, 1988), pp. 119-120. Ruth, Maintaining the Right Fellowship, p. 530.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 20 January 2003 •

3. Church-related Institution In 1847 a significant church division occurred within was the Franconia Conference. In the twentieth century the Franconia Mennonite Conference. The more progres­ the large Lancaster and Franconia Mennonite conferences sive group, oriented toward rationalization and formal created a virtual flood of church-related institutions. organization of church life, became known as the Eastern District of the General Conference Mennonite Church. In Ruth, Maintaining the Right Fellowship, p. 404-405. 1896 a leading minister, Nathaniel B. Grubb, convinced this Eastern District to create a "home for the aged and indigent" by purchasing the building of a former school in Frederick Township, Montgomery County. The spacious brick building is pictured in about 1900 with the U.S. flag flying at the top. It is now known as the Frederick Mennonite Home. This image illustrates the first significant Mennonite church-related but trans-congregational institution created in Montgomery and Bucks counties. At that time the Eastern District of the General Conference Mennonite Church was more open to creating such institutions than

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 21 January 2003 4. Economic and Family Life In 1938 and 1939 Eugene M. Moyer and his wife Alice, Forthcoming exhibit opening June 2003 on food produc­ members of Blooming Glen Mennonite Church in Bucks tion, marketing, and huck~tering at Mennonite Historians County, had a market stand at Reading Terminal Market of Eastern Pennsylvania, Harleysville, Pennsylvania. in Philadelphia, usually held twice a week on Wednesday and Saturday. They sold different types of food such as sausage, pies, eggs, ring bologna, and butter. Such economic activity was deeply rooted among the Mennonites of Bucks and Montgomery counties. In the 1930s from the Blooming Glen Mennonite congregation alone, some eighteen members had stalls in the markets of Philadelphia. Much earlier, in the Revolutionary War period, Mennonites had been arrested and punished on orders of General George Washington when they attempted to transport and sell their produce in Philadelphia, then held by British troops. This image of a market scene illustrates the economic link between the farm and the city, between the members of a "plain" church and their "worldly" customers. It also lllustrates a business partnership of husband and wife.

Ruth, Maintaining the Right Fellowship, pp. 149-150,500.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 22 January 2003 5. Rural Life Soon after the first two initial waves of Mennonite 12: 4 (Oct. 1989): cover and pp. 2-11. John Landis Ruth, The immigrants to what is now Lancaster County in 1710 and Earth is the Lord's: A Narrative History of the Lancaster 1717, Christian Herr, a Mennonite minister, built this stone Mennonite Conference (Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 2001), house in 1719 near the Conestoga Road in the original pp. 205-208. Pequea settlement. The exterior lintel above the door clearly states the year of construction, just as the dimensions, steeply-pitched roof, and interior layout testify to its Germanic origins. Used as both a domestic dwelling and as a place for communal worship, this structure may be the oldest (dated) surviving building in Pennsylvania west of the Schuylkill River. Restored as a museum in 1974 by the Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, the house and surrounding farmyard now serve as a public witness to the first Mennonite pioneers in Lancaster County-to their Christian faith, which they could freely practice in the colony of William Penn, and to their rural lifestyle, which they fashioned on the fertile limestone soil. Although Pennsylvania Mennonite congregations also now thrive in towns and cities, rural rhythms and concerns have predominated throughout much of their history.

Steven K. Friesen, "The Herr Plantation: Its Building, Land, and Inhabitants," Pennsylvania Mennonite .Heritage

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 23 January 2003 6. Pacifism and Nonresistance In 1778 Mennonite Minister John Baer and his wife, Ruth, The Earth is the Lord's: A Narrative History of the Anna Eshleman, died of fever caught while they nursed Lancaster Mennonite Conference, pp. 331-332. "European wounded Revolutionary War soldiers, who had been Roots of the Bear Families of Lancaster County," brought to the Ephrata Cloister in Lancaster County. Their Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 7:1 Gan. 1984): 33-34. gravestones with German carving state that John (left) Richard K. MacMaster, Samuel L. Horst, Robert F. Ulle, died on April 15 and Anna (right) on March 20. During Conscience in Crisis: Mennonites and Other Peace Churches in that war most Mennonites refused to accept military America, 1739-1789, Interpretation and Documents service, to hire substitutes, or to provide weapons, but as (Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 1979), pp. 297-300. a testimony to their political neutrality, they did sell their wagon service to both the British and the Patriots. Ironically, the Baers' pacifist convictions stood in contrast to the behavior of their son Abraham, who was sought (unsuccessfully) by Revolutionary authorities for stealing horses for the British. This image illustrates the Mennonite conviction that in the midst of violence and war, God's will commands Christians to heal the wounded and to love one's enemies. This conviction of biblical pacifism, at times called nonresistance, emerged soon after the Anabaptist movement began in Switzerland and the Netherlands in the 1520s. Though not universally embraced by all Mennonites at all times, it is a vital thread which runs throughout Mennonite and Amish history, including this manifestation in Pennsylvania.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 24 January 2003 7. Old Order Mennonites and Amish Sharing with the Pennsylvania Mennonites common Good Books, 1981. John A. Hostetler, Amish Society. spiritual and historical origins in sixteenth and seven­ Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1963, 1968, teenth century Switzerland, the Amish, who emerged in 1980, 1993. Ruth, The Earth is the Lord's: A Narrative History Europe in the 1690s as a more separatist movement, began of the Lancaster Mennonite Conference, pp. 678-704. to emigrate to Pennsylvania in the 1720s with the first Mennonite Enct;clopedia, s.v. "Footwashing." major wave in 1737. Another later church division among Mennonites in the 1890s in Lancaster County saw the emergence of Old Order Mennonites, who are similar in some ways to the Amish. Horse-drawn transportation is one of the first signs of cultural anomaly in the twenty­ first century that the automobile-encased traveller encounters in those parts of Lancaster County inhabited by the Old Order Amish and Old Order Mennonites. The slower pace of travel by buggy fits with the their desire to preserve the small scale and face-to-face quality of their community and church life. Their church regulations prohibit the ownership of cars. Near the buggies and resting horses stand stacks of wooden tubs outside an Old Order Mennonite meeting­ house in Lancaster County. The tubs will be used for footwashing, a worship rite practiced among Old Order Mennonites and Amish in association with Communion. This rite is based on the scriptural example Qohn 13:1-17) of Jesus, who washed his disciples' feet at the Last Supper. The horse-drawn buggies illustrate the Old Order Mennonite and Amish practice of restraining the cultural impact of technology on their close-knit faith communi­ ties. The tubs illustrate Old Older worship and the theological themes of humility and service.

Stephen E. Scott, Plain Buggies: Amish, Mennonite, and Brethren Horse-Drawn Transportation. Intercourse, Pa.:

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 25 January 2003 8. Folklife Located in south central Pennsylvania west of the Susquehanna River, Juniata County (and adjacent Snyder County) has been home to Mennonites since the 1770s, when they moved there from the conference regions of Lancaster and later from Franconia. In 1919 women from the Lauver and Cross Roads Mennonite congregations, with the support of the bishop, formed a sewing circle for the purpose of making clothing and bed coverings for home and foreign missions. Many of the finished materials were sent to Lancaster County, where Mennonite Central Committee, an international relief organization, distributed them. The meetings lasted all day. Although they chose officers, they did not have any written rules in a constitution.· Probably from the 1920s, this shows 15 women of various ages posing with some of their handiwork. This image illustrates an aspect of folklife passed down through women, who then contributed it to the church. They used organizational and hand skills in the service of the church's international and domestic relief and mission work.

"The Lauver's and Cross Roads' Sewing Circle," by Mildred Knouse, ca. 1962 ms. at Juniata Mennonite Historical Center, P.O. Box 81, Richfield, PA 17086-0081. J. Lloyd Gingrich and Noah L. Zimmerman,"Snyder County Mennonites of Lancaster Conference," Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 2:2 (Apr. 1979): 2-16.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 26 January 2003 9. Persecution and Separatism In the 1790s Amish from southeastern Pennsylvania Cloister in Lancaster County. began to settle in the fertile Kishacoquillas valley in The Martyrs Mirror, first published in 1660 in the Mifflin County and founded what today is a thriving Netherlands and still available, is a massive compilation array of Amish and Mennonite congregations. In the of stories about and testimonies by martyrs throughout middle 1800s tensions developed between the progressive the history of the Christian Church but especially about and the conservative elements. One leader of the progres­ the sixteenth century Anabaptist martyrs. As one of the sive group was Shem Zook (1793-1880), an unordained foundational devotional books for Mennonites and Amish leader. Though active in wider circles of social, Amish, the book crystallizes their heritage of persecution commercial and political influence, Zook had a primary and ensuing tension with mainstream culture, their concern for strengthening the identity of his own people. theology of nonresistance or biblical pacifism, and their So that they would not forget their heritage, he published concern for historical accounts which nurture faith. articles on Anabaptist history and published a new The title page to the second part of Shem Zook's edition of the Martyrs Mirror, which improved the style of Martyrs Mirror, published in Philadelphia in 1849, shows the 1748-49 edition done in German at the Ephrata his theological position on whether baptism should take place in a stream or in a building. Jesus is shown standing in the Jordan River being baptized. This image also shows that German was the primary language of many Pennsylvania Mennonites and Amish in the nine- teenth century.

S. Duane Kauffman, Mifflin County Amish and Mennonite Story, 1791- 1991 (Belleville, Pa.: Mifflin County Mennonite o be r Historical Society, 1991), pp. 146-147, 237-243. John S. Oyer and Robert S. Kreider, Mirror of the Martyrs, (Intercourse, Pa.: Good Books, 1990).

llotnutlt!l in ~oUiiubifd)ec el)ca~"{)c "{)ccantlgegebcn nub mit t~ii!len glan'(ltuiicbigeu · 1tt£nnbett t~erfe"{)eu. IJlun aber fornf

PUBLISHED BY SHEM ZOOK, NEAR LEWISTOWN, MIFFLIN COUNTY, PA.

~bilab'tlpJJm: PR!J.'{TED BY KlNG & BAIRD, No. 9 SANSOM STREET. 1 8 4 9.

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 27 January 2003 10. Acculturation and Wealth In the 1790s Mennonites from eastern Pennsylvania A.S.R. Overholt; 2. mill and distillery; 3. barn; 4. stable; 5. first settled in Westmoreland County in the southwestern warehouse; 6. carriage house; 7. tenement; 8. residence of part of the state. Abraham Overholt (1784-1870) devel­ B.F. Overholt; 9. store; 10 to 15. dwellings; 16 +17, tene­ oped an industrial village in West Overton, consisting of ments; 18. coke ovens. various mills, distilleries, and coke ovens, plus some This image illustrates the difficulty in integrating eco­ tenement housing and stores for the workers. Overholt, an nomic success with Mennonite theology and church life, active member of the Mennonite Church, achieved con­ plus the difficulty of the Mennonite Church to respond to siderable financial success. He became active in politics its members' acculturation and wealth. and supported the Union cause in the Civil War, both activities at odds with the prevalent Mennonite ethos of Levi Miller, "The Growth and Decline of Mennonites that era. Most of his children left the Mennonite Church near Scottdale, Pennsylvania," Pennsylvania Mennonite for other denominations, part of a sharp decline in Heritage 13:4 (Oct. 1990): 2-15. Theron F. Schlabach, Peace, Mennonite congregations in that region during the second Faith, Nation, pp. 25, 56. half of the 1800s. The Overholt industrial village involved many build­ ings. By 1876 a drawing of the village (above) appeared in the county atlas. A key to this print follows: 1. residence of

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 28 January 2003 overcome the stale­ mate, the congre­ gation appointed additional mem­ bers to the commit­ tee. When they finished the new brick meetinghouse in the summer of 1891, the interior had a sloping floor and an eight-inch raised platform for the preachers' table. Missing were the old style suspended hat ~~~~~£illl~~~~.~~~J£.JJ1/~~~~£::.~L::::!J:J~!£]:~~~~~~~~~ racks. Otherwise, it reflected the old 11. Mission interior pattern, with the preachers' table along the long In 1964 Phebe Yoder (far left) and Catharine side, the singers' table in front of it, and the benches Leatherman (far right) stood with a group of young arranged facing the ministers from the front and the sides. women of ages 20 to 35 in Tanzania who were learning Over the next two decades, this congregation handled cooking, child care, health matters, sewing, and other the call for innovations-evening meetings, Sunday domestic skills. Beginning in 1934 Lancaster Mennonite schools, revivals, and missions-much in the same way missionaries served as the seed of what today are large t~e:y built the 1891 meetinghouse-by making very hmited changes to the older order. For example, this was and growing Mennonite church conferences in Tanzania, one of the last congregations in Washington~Franklin Ethiopia and Somalia. Conference to have Sunday school (1917), and it never The influence of the mission movement, both in and ~ould tolerate revival meetings. Later the leadership of outside North America, on the more progressive Bishop Moses K. Horst, son of Samuel E. Horst, insured Lancaster Conference Mennonites in the twentieth that this traditionalist sentiment prevailed throughout centu~y has been considerable. Church growth, global Washington County. conscwusness, and increasing theological diversity may The red brick meetinghouse illustrates the type of b.e seen as ~esults of the mission movement. This empha­ plain meetinghouse which characterized much of the SIS on sharmg the gospel of Jesus Christ to those outside the Mennonite Church and North American culture also nineteenth century. However, this exterior image does not helped open segments of the Lancaster Mennonite convey some subtle innovations added to church life. ~onference .to fa:rorable at~itudes toward and incorpora­ tion of chansmahc expresswns of faith. Daniel R. Lehman, Mennonites of the Washington County, Maryland and Franklin County, Pennsylvania Louise Stoltzfus, "A Planter of Trees: Phebe Ethel Yoder," Conference (Lititz, Pa.: Publication Board of the Eastern Pennsylvania Mennonite Church, 1990), pp. 251-294. Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 22:3 Ouly 1999): 16-23. Edsel Burdge Jr.·and Samuel L. Horst, A Narrative History Harry W. Rutt, "A Measure of the Impact of Holy Spirit of the Mennonites of Franklin County, Pennsylvania and Renewal Among Lancaster Conference Mennonites," Washington County, Maryland, 1730-1970, forthcoming. o Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage (April1997): 25-27. 12. Church Practices and Innovation The state border between Maryland and Pennsylvania has not prevented the geographical unity of the Cumberland Valley from forging a common history of Mennonites in Franklin County, Pennsylvania, and Washington County, Maryland. Faced with a leaky roof and a growing membership in late 1890, the Reiff Mennonite Church in Washington County, Maryland, voted to build a new meetinghouse. From the start the building committee had trouble agreeing. Some wanted to innovate with a raised platform for a pulpit. The tradi­ tionalists, led by meetinghouse trustee Samuel E. Horst, opposed any departure from the older style. In order to

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 29 January 2003 Queries

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage will publish mem­ KNOPP/KNEPP: I would like information on Johan bers' historical and genealogical queries free of charge, as Heinrich Knopp, who emigrated from Germany to space permits. Genealogical queries must include a name, Philadelphia on the ship Samuel on August 16, 1731, with a date, and a location. Send materials to Pennsylvania wife Katrina. A son Peter changed the name to Knepp. Mennonite Heritage, 2215 Millstream Road, Lancaster, PA Another ancestor was Jonas Knopp, who lived in 17602-1499 or [email protected]. Columbiana Co., Ohio. Ora A. Graber BUCHWALTER: I seek information on two 759 Pleasant Hill Road Buchwalter sisters: Hettie (Esther) and Betsy (Elizabeth), Bronson, MI 49028-9710 children of Henry (Henrich) Buchwalter (1776-1828) of Lancaster Co., Pa. Did Hettie m. Jacob Rohrer and Betsy POWL/PAUL: Who were the parents of Josiah m. David Eberly? Their brother was Jacob Buchwalter Powl/Paul Ouly 15, 1816-June 2, 1878) and/ or his wife, (Aug. 23, 1814-Mar. 30, 1888) and grandfather, Preacher Barbara Gerber (Oct. 15, 1816-Apr. 20, 1888)? On Sept. 25, Henry Buchwalter (1742-1805). We have a picture of Betsy 1836, they m. and later on Oct. 19, 1837, he was baptized as a very young girl. at the Bergstrasse Lutheran Church, Lancaster Co., Pa. Lois Buchwalter Lesher They are bu. at Zeltenreich United Church of Christ Cern., 1897 Hwy., #3 Earl Twp., Lancaster Co. Clarion, IA 50525-7509 Romaine Stauffer 15 Harry Stoudt Drive FRICK/STROHEIM: I seek information on the fami­ Bernville, PA 19506 ly of Jacob Frick (d. 1743, Manheim Twp., Lancaster Co., Pa.) whom. Mary Stroheim and had 7 ch. I am interested STRIBLE: I seek information on my ancestor, Georg in daughter Elizabeth (b. June 8, 1730) who may have m. Strible (1785-1871), who may have immigrated from Martin Oberholtzer of Manor Twp. Does someone possess Wiirttemberg, Germany, and lived in Northumberland a family Bible record? Co., Pa., and Md. Harold M. Kilheffer Richard Morrissey 942 W. Fairway Drive 28656 Murrieta Road Lancaster, PA 17603 Sun City, CA 92586

GRAYBILL/TRIMBLE: Elizabeth Graybill (b.1813; WAMPLER: Who were the parents of Catherine d.1901, Drumore Twp., Lancaster Co., Pa.) m. John Wampler, probably b. 1750/60, York Co., Pa.? She m . John Trimble, Sr. (b. 1810; d.1881, Drumore Twp.). Her parents Gossler/Gusler (b. Aug. 25, 1751, York Twp., York Co.). were Peter Graybill (b. 1777; d.1860, Drumore Twp.) who Stephen A. Hill m. Elizabeth Bomberger (178?-1860). His parents were 55 McClure Ave. George Trimble (d.1839) whom. Nancy (ca. 1787- ca.1880). East Palestine, OH 4413-1155 Peter Graybill's parents were Hans Graybill (1737-1799) and Feronica (Fanny) Groff. I seek information on these WEBER: Does a stained glass window exist at the people's ancestors and any involvement in the American Weber mausoleum at Greenmount Cern., Baltimore Co., Revolution. Md., with Susan Weber featured in the window? I seek a John Bair photograph (ca. 1880) of Susan's mother, Mary Strible, 668 Post Road pictured on a bridge at Tolchester, Md. On the picture Darien, CT 06820 there were two Kern sisters seated in boats and wearing Derby hats. HILKERT/WAITE: I seek information on Sarah Richard Morrissey Hilkert (b. Aug. 29, 1795; d. Sept. 9, 1856, Marion Co., 28656 Murrieta Road Ohio) and her spouse, Adam Waite (Aug. 3, 1793-Aug. 19, Sun City, CA 92586 1850). They m. in Berks Co., Pa. Her father's name was Francis and he had 4 ch.: Henry, Catherine, Margaret, and WITTMEYER: Who were the parents of Simon Sarah. Adam and Sarah had 9 ch.: John, Susanna, Wittmeyer (b.?Germany; d. 1806, West Manchester Twp., Amanda, Letetia, Caroline, Catherine, and 3 others. The York Co., Pa.) and his wife, Anna Maria Klingermyer (d. first 4 were born near Lancaster Co., Pa., the next 2 in ca. 1811, York Co.)? Their ch. were Simon (b. Feb. 6, 1761; Ohio, and I seek the birth locations of the remaining ch. m. Elizabeth Haines), Magdalena, and Anna Mary. Max W. Waite Stephen A. Hill 15152 State Route 2 55 McClure Ave. Wauseon, OH 43567-9703 East Palestine, OH 4413-1155

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 30 January 2003 Tips

Readers are invited to share new findings with 1435 Martha Frances Herr, b. Mar. 13, 1906 Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage, 2215 Millstream Road, m. June 11, 1936, Robert Lyle King Lancaster, PA 17602; [email protected]. 144 Henry Eastburn Herr, b. Jan. 18, 1870 145 Margaret Maude Herr, July 19, 1876 m. Sept. 24, 1903, Herbert Thomas Smith 15 Sarah Ann, b. Jan. 9, 1835 BUTTNER/HESS: The following information was m. Oct. 5, 1858, Joseph [?]C_ abstracted from a photocopy at the Lancaster Mennonite 16 Jesse Herr, Jan. 29, 1837-Mar. 19, 1837 Historical Society of an 1882 German Bible. 1 m.(3) Nov. ?6, 1856, Mary Ann Wilkinson

Heinrich Christian Frederick Buttner of Grumbach [Germany], PLATTO/BLANCHARD: The following information b. Jan. 4, 1828 was abstracted from a photocopy at the Lancaster m. June 8, 1860, in Schuylkill Haven [Schuylkill Co., Pa.]; Anna Mary Hess of Reutlingen [Germany], b. Sept. 2, Mennonite Historical Society of an 1846 English Bible 1834 printed in Springfield, Massachusetts. 1. Henry Christian, b. Apr. 11, 1861 2. Julia Anna M., b. June 14, 1863 1 Alexander F. Platto, July 17, 1819- Jan. 11, 1898 3. Jacob Frederick, b. Aug. 2, 1865 m.(1) Feb. 4, 1847, Marion Blanchard, Feb. 15, 1821-June 27, 4. Mary Christiana, b. Feb. 4, 1868 1849 11 Alexander Blanchard Platto, May 20, 1849-Aug. 20, 1849 Henry Joseph Bichert, b. Jan. 3, 1893 1 m.(2) Jan. 24, 1850, Delia Maria Blanchard, b. Mar. 6, 1831-July 23, 1869 12 Cortland Platto, Oct. 28, 1851-0ct. 23, 1877 13 Dau., Feb. 18, 1854-Feb. 19, 1854 HERR: The following information was abstracted 14 Marion B. Platto, Apr. 28, 1858-Jan. 25, 1945 from a photocopy at the Lancaster Mennonite Historical m. Smith Society of an undated English Bible. There is also a 1 m.(3) Feb. 18, 1871, Olive A. Cowan Smith, Mar. 17, 1829-Sept. STROHM family record in this Bible in a different hand 22, 1885 · than the Herr record. 1 m.(4) Sept. 14, 1887, Sarah A. ?Brenenstich Sarah A. Keller, b. Apr. 3, 1825 [Is this m.(4)?] 1 Benjamin F. Herr, Mar. 16, 1797-Sept. 17, 1866 m.(1) Jan. 30, 1822, Sarah Kindig; Nov. 3, 1800-Sept. 4, 1827. 11 Lavinia Herr, June 30, 1823-Mar. 13, 1848 12 Elmira Herr, b. Sept. 4, 1825 RESSLER/WILSON: The following information was 1 m.(2) Aug. 18, 1829, Susana Straham; Jan. 7, 1798-Apr. 22, 1881. abstracted from a photocopy at the Lancaster Mennonite 13 Benjamin Franklin Herr, b. May 16, 1830; d. Nov. 14, 1898, Historical Society of an 1856 English Bible printed in Livingston, Ala. Philadelphia. m. Mary Ann __ 131 Frank Herr, b. Mar. 29, 1861 Benjamin Ressler, Aug. 15, 1830-0ct. 25, 1918 m. 189?, Jessie McKay m. Sept. 3, 1857, Sarah Wilson; b. Nov. 26, 1837. 132 Ernest Herr, b. 186? 1. Freelen W., Apr. 20, 1858-Nov. 28, 1899 14 Henry Clay Herr, b. Sept. 4, 1832; d. Apr. 8, 1899, Moorstown, 2.ElmerJacob,b.Jan.26,1860 N.J. 3. Anna Margaret, Sept. 13, 1862-May 19, 1886 m. "9 mo."1859, Frances Anna Kinsey; d. Apr. 5, 1916, at age 81 y., 11 mo., 5 da. 141 Emily Evelyn Herr, b. Jan. 21, 1861 m. Nov. 2, 1899, Benjamin Lippencott STROHM: The following information was abstracted 1411 Frances B. Lippencott, Feb. 19, 1901-Feb. 22, 1901 from a, photocopy at the Lancaster Mennonite Historical 142 Frank Strohm Herr, b. Aug. 20, 1862; d. Feb. 10, 1927, Society of an undated English Bible. There is also a HERR Moorstown, N.J. record in this same Bible in a different hand than the m. Mar. 26, 1895, Frances Briggs Smith 1421 Ruth Eastburn Herr, b. Apr. 24, 1896 Strohm record. m. June 28, 1919, Edwin K. Phillips 1422 Lawrence Janny Herr, b. Jan. 29, 1899 Henry Strohm, b. July 8, 1764 m. Sept. 13, 1924, Edna A. Hall m. Mary____, b. Feb. 13, 1774 1423 Elizabeth Frances Herr, b. Dec. 9, 1904 m. June 15, 1929, RalphS. Graham 1. Elizabeth, b. June 30, 1794 143 Harry Lincoln Herr, b. Apr. 19, 1865 2. Daniel, b. July 14, 1796 m. June 1894, Rachel L. [?]Deton 3. Susanna,b.Jan. ~ 1798 1431 Samuel Kinsey Herr, b. July 8, 1895-July 9, 1895 4. Mary, b. Sept. 22, 1799 1432 Robert Delene Herr, Sept. 21, 1897-Sept. 22, 1897 5. David, b. May 31, 1801 1433 Edith Strohm Herr, b. Apr. 26, 1899 6. Sarah, b. July 27, 1803 m. Aug. 30, 1937, Joseph Horne 7. Henry, b. Nov. 8, 1804 1434 Henry Prescott Herr, b. Nov. 22, 1902 8. Lydia, b. Mar. 24, 1809 m. Oct. 14, 1943, Frances Grace Forbes 9. Isaac, b. Dec. 11, 1810?

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 31 Januan; 2003 Book Reviews

The Amish in the American Imagination, by David practice an incongruity by exonerating a rural lifestyle in Weaver-Zercher. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins their descriptions of the Amish, yet personally live accord­ University Press, 2002 xv + 280 pp. including references, ing to an educated urban lifestyle. He suggests that by bibliography and index. 280 pages. $39.95. praising Amish ways Hostetler and his peers probably felt This book is must reading for anyone even peripheral­ partially compensated for the guilt in having left their con­ ly interested in the Amish phenomenon. Unlike typical servative communities in the first place (p. 136). These are descriptions of the Amish, The Amish in the American somewhat ad hominem speculations, not easy to substanti­ Imagination goes behind the scenes in revealing how the ate. Amish have been portrayed. Typical of John Hopkins Hostetler is never condemning in his descriptions of University publications, this volume has an attractive Amish life but quite frankly describes controversial mat­ cover, clear print, and nice illustrations with a number of ters such as bundling (Hostetler, 1993: 148), the "Florida striking black-and-white photographs. Reunion" (pp. 159-160), and backstage Amish life (p. 345). Who are the Amish? Are they a hidebound and intel­ Amish leaders may not wish to have outsiders know that. lectually-slow people, repositories of Pennsylvania their community is often fraught with exclusion, jealousies German strength and piety, or Depression-era folklife between families, church divisions, and their conse­ enthusiasts? Are they preservers of pristine American val­ quences, but it was Hostetler who first brought these ues, tourist merchants, inhabitants of "another world," mattes to light. Hostetler also worked closely with film­ noble and redemptive primitives, harsh, freedom-quash­ makers in producing The Amish: A People of Preservation, ing religionists, or God-fearing agrarians? (p.195). Weaver­ which was filmed entirely by hidden cameras and without Zercher contends that, taken together, these views provide Amish permission. a more complicated and realistic view of the Amish than Weaver-Zercher is equally frank in analyzing the role the literature usually portrays. The Amish are not a mono­ of Herald Press, a Mennonite firm, in first publishing and lithic cultural entity, but a diverse group of people, church then destroying copies of a book about the Amish entitled, congregations, and communities. They think and act in a Jonathan. This book was penned by Dan Niedermeyer in variety of ways. Not static entities, they are constantly 1973. After encountering severe criticism for producing the shifting and reformulating themselves (p. 17). work because it cast the Amish in a negative light, Herald The author outlines his task of informing the reader Press editors refused to print a second edition and shred­ how the Amish have been portrayed in five chapters, the ded all remaining copies of the first edition. Some critics first two of which analyze popular writings about the viewed the contents of the book as vilifying Amish church Amish dating back to the 1920s. The third chapter deals leaders for demanding conformity on the part of their with the extensive tourist practice of purchasing Amish young people. goods as q way of enabling buyers to feel that they are The Amish in the American Imagination contains some 50 somehow contributing to the maintenance of the praise­ pages of notes, including much data that could easily have worthy elements of traditional American culture. The been included in the text. Mercifully, the identification of corollary habit of participating in tourist tours in Lancaster references is made a bit easier by the inclusion of page County, Pennsylvania, produces similar good feelings. numbers, to which references refer, on the top of each ref­ Chapter four examines the relationship of Amish portrai­ erence page. The bibliography and index are adequate. ture to the overall Anabaptist configuration, while the fifth Despite the above-mentioned shortcomings, The and final chapter analyzes the controversy connected to Amish in the American Imagination comes like a breath of the 1985 Hollywood film, Witness. fresh air on the scene of writing about Amish. It offers a Originally undertaken as a doctoral dissertation at the much more critical and evaluative writing stance amidst a University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Weaver­ sea of literary dribble about the Amish (Hostetler and oth­ Zercher modified it for public consumption. The language ers excepted). As Weaver-Zercher suggests, the Amish are of the book is easily understood and the author offers sev­ not a monolithic cultural entity nor an exotic peculiarity. eral controversial interpretations of individual writers' They are a fairly typical, constantly shifting, tradition-ori­ reasons for involving themselves in the Amish motif. The ented segment of North American society. This book ad hominem kind of analysis offered by the author is always should be read alongside other more tourist-oriented vol­ readily appreciated by the public. umes. Weaver-Zercher deals very frankly with the Amish -John W. Friesen, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta practice of bundling (p. 53 f), then plunges headlong into a motivational analysis of writers about the Amish. He The Robe of God: Reconciliation, the Believers queries the writing stance of anthropologist John Church Essential, by Myron S. Augsburger. Scottdale, Pa.: Hostetler, who grew up Amish, suggesting that Hostetler Herald Press, 2000. Paperbound, 262 pages. $15.00. chose "salesmanship over censorship" in trying to protect Myron Augsburger sets out some clear goals for his the Amish from literary misrepresentation (p. 130); in 1952 book, The Robe of God. First, he desires the book to be a cor­ Hostetler published the well-known book, Amish Life, rective to Christian thought and life that emphasizes cor­ according to the author, as part of a sales campaign. Was rect doctrine or right action at the expense of relationship. this really Hostetler's rationale in writing about his home Second, he wants to teach that reconciliation with God and community? Weaver-Zercher implies that Hostetler, and with others is the central doctrine and the central experi­ other Anabaptist authors who write about the Amish, ence of Christianity. Reconciliation is neither just a doc-

Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 32 January 2003 trine nor just an experience. It is both. Grace flows from depth God to the believer both and breadth as he mines significant forensically and actually. British, gems from Reconciliation as an experience, Continental and North American Augsburger believes, is Here theologians. lacking from much of contemporary we learn of Augsburger, the theologian Christian faith. This The and scholar. grace-filled, relational faith Augsburger other strand preaches to a sophisticated, labels "solidarity" ed, educat­ with Christ, a staple in believers and ecumenical lay audience. Augsburger church thought. In short, message advocates a "Reconciliation is God's action that insists upon a gospel in grace."(p. 15) With this and of personal salvation insistence upon reconciling a gospel of social involvement. The grace, Augsburger addresses permeates use of narrative concerns of some contemporary the book. The story of the Anabaptist scholars about concrete footprints in the the lack of grace in Anabaptist theology. (p. 62), the story of the bridge builder the stories (pp. 167-8), With the theological tasks of Sheikh (p. 41), Livia (p. 47), of correcting and teaching Sadakar Tournier (p. 135), made clear, Augsburger arranges (p. 149) and Suti and the burned Anabaptist theology par­ reinforce toast (p. 182), ticularly and believers church theology over and over again Augsburger's generally around the centrality insistence on this integrative motif of reconciliation of the experience of reconciliation Methodologically, (p. 21). gospel within to the he approaches his task the context of the relationship between calls from what he others and with "Christological realism." This method God. He displays sensitivity, humor, draws on the passion. Here and biblicism of Karl Barth and the biblical we learn about Augsburger, realism of John and evangelist. the preacher Howard Yoder. This term merges theological the hierarchical method with This autobiography Anabaptist understanding of Scripture, of a journey within a faith tradi­ which gives priority tion tells a story of a life of faithfulness to the Gospels and the New to traditions passed Testament. With down from previous generations. this approach to doing theology, The story includes the Augsburger seeks adventure of rummaging through to present a third option or "third way" the theological closets of for theological discourse. other faith traditions and pre Augsburger presents this option senting the discoveries for not as a mediatorial others to appreciate. It is way between opposite poles highly narrative, intensely per­ rather as a categorically but sonal and unabashedly Anabaptist different approach that allows one in method, tone, and to select from the strengths context. Augsburger grapples with of many traditions. In this Fundamentalism the struggles that respect, his ecumenical"theology and Liberalism bring of reconciliation is a the­ church to the believers ology of freedom" (p. 37). tradition as he testifies to the adequacy ty of and boun­ The twelve chapters examine the "third way" for himself and for a number of traditional temporary mission to a con­ theological concepts in the 21st-century world. He presents light of reconciliation. evangelical Anabaptism as Augsburger personalizes his reconciliation-centered but not as a variant form of theol­ Anabaptism Evangelicalism. ogy with a "semi-Augustinian" anthropology is a distinct alternative. "transmillenial" (p. 64), a In contrast to some eschatology (p. 88), and a "relational of the seekers of an Anabaptist theory" of vision, Augsburger does salvation (p. 136). His doctrine of Scripture, not claim that his central theme, "inerrancy of the reconciliation, is the meaning" (p. 158f), tries to distinct theological property of the Fundamentalist modulate believers church, and understandings of Scripture rightly so. He makes this quite clear Anabaptist into an with his quick introduction framework. In grappling with ecclesiology, of names like the German lib Augsburger eral Albrecht Rits ­ presents the believers church chl, and British evangelicals James alternative, as a distinct Denney and Leon "a third way" (p. 168), in keeping Morris. Rather, Augsburger takes Klaassen with Walter different tack. He a and others. Augsburger develops concludes reconciliation is "essential" terms an idea he the believers church to "freedom of righteousness," (p. 187) to remain a believers church. ethic of to describe an Since reconciliation discipleship, which he defines as finds a central emphasis in a darity "freedom in soli­ ber of other non-believers num­ with Christ" (p. 191). The final chapter church traditions, is there incarnational describes an haps some other per­ missiology for the believers organizing theme that might better attempts church that ture the essence cap­ to avoid the pitfalls associated of the believers church? In other words, inclusive, with exclusive, reconciliation essential is and pluralist views of witness by offering within the believers church tradi­ approach a new tion because of some he labels "mutuality" (p. 241). other more fundamentally distinct The unity of presentation idea or concept or experience? If around the theme of recon­ not, can one conclude that ciliation with an the differences between Anabaptist orientation is quite an achieve­ believers churches and non­ ment. Augsburger believers churches are more demonstrates a great degree of original­ peripheral than they at first ity and imagination glance might appear? Is Anabaptism, in his introduction of a host of "new" then, truly a third ways to solve some alternative? "old" theological problems. His solu tions are not presented ­ I find the book a capable with a rigorous analysis, however, addition to contemporary but in an abbreviated Anabaptist thought. It form. is not easily accessible to the indi­ Despite the unified vidual who lacks familiarity with presentation around the motif of European and North reconciliation, The Robe American scholarship. Nor is it easily of God is not systematic theology. I accessible to readers would instead call it a skillful who lack a strong foundation in contemporary combination of autobiogra­ and Anabaptist phy and personal witness in believers church thought. The narrative a narrative form. As narrative however, presentation, theology, The Robe of God contains eases less prepared readers through at least two parallel isfactorily. the book sat­ strands. One strand describes The story of Augsburger's journey Augsburger's theological ation of reconcili­ journey over the last half century. as a committed Anabaptist theologian, He communicates his preacher, scholar, own mature sense of an Anabaptist and evangelist makes for enlightening vision to his peers and an reading from a variety of Christian traditions. encouraging experience. He argues with - Brinton L. Rutherford, Willow Street, Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Mennonite Heritage 33 January 2003 Book List

M. Swartley and Cornelius J. Dyck. Scottdale, Annotated Bibliography of Mennonite Writings on War & Peace: 1930-1980. Edited by Willard Pa.: Herald Press, 1987. 740 pp. $59.99 (cloth). Pipkin & John H. Yoder. Classics o f the Radical Balthasar Hubmaier: Theologian of Anabaptism. Translated and edited by H. Wayne (cloth). Reformation, no. 5. Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 1989. 608 pp. $49.99 Back Twelve Generations From Switzerland Through Virginia. Baughman, J. Ross. Some Ancestors of the Baughman Family in America; Tracing Edinburg, Va.: Shenandoah History, 1994. 188 pp. $28.00 (paper). the Lineal Descendants of Peter & Barbara (Hershberger) Beachy. Beachy, William V.; Beachy, Betty K. Beachy Family, Our American Roots, and Baltimore, Md.: Publications Press, 1980. 874 pp. $25.00 (cloth). Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998. Bush, Perry. Two Kingdoms, Two Loyalties: Mennonite Pacifism in Modern America. pp. $39.95 (cloth). 362 Influence and the Elect Nation. Studies in Anabaptist and Coggins, James Robert. John Smyth's Congregation: English Separatism, Mennonite $20.00 (paper). Mennonite History, no. 32. Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 1991. 240 pp. & Nurseryman. Journal of the Historical Society of the 1869 Diary of Samuel R. Hess of Clay Township, Lancaster County-Mennonite Farmer Cocalico Valley, 1997, 46 pp. $15.00. (paper). 2000. 672 pp. $30.00. Fretz, Franklin. Fretz Family Histon;, Volume IV. Fretz Family Association, Vol. I. Schuylkill Haven, Pa.: The Call Newspapers, 1990. 80 Haag, Earl C. En Pennsylvaanisch Deitsch Yaahr: A Pennsylvania Dutch Year. pp. $9.95 (paper). 30 pp. $10.00 (paper). John W. German for Genealogt;. Indianapolis, Ind.: Heritage House, 1985. Heisey, and his Direct Lineal Descendants from his Birth A.D. 1639 Theodore W.; Bedient, Phillip E. Genealogical Record of Reverend Hans Herr Herr, pp. $40.00. to the Present Time ... Lancaster, Pa.: Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, 1994. 820 Book Co., 1979. 260 pp. $16.00 (cloth). Hess, Nancy Burkholder. By the Grace of God. Harrisonburg, Va.: Hess Books, 1995. 178 pp. $20.50 (paper). Jerger, Jeanette L. A Medical Miscellany for Genealogists. Bowie, Md.: Heritage Herald Press, 1972. 278 pp. $13.00 (cloth). Lapp, John A. The Mennonite Church in India, 1897-1962. Scottdale, Pa.: Woodenware. Translated by Alan G. Keyser_ Ephrata, Pa.: Lehn, Joseph Long. Joseph Long Lehn's Day Book (1856-1876) and His Painted Historical Society of the Cocalico Valley, 1999. $24.00 (paper). States, 1876-1976. Studies in Anabaptist and Mennonites Lind, Hope Kauffman. Apart & Together: Mennonites in Oregon and Neighboring History, no. 30. Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 1990. 415 pp. $27.00 (cloth). Area Fraktur. York, Pa.: York Cmmty Heritage Trust, 2001. Lloyd, June Burk. Faith and Family: Pennsylvania German Heritage in York Countt; 132 pp. $29.95 (paper). Record Book. Lancaster, Pa.: Lancaster Mennonite Historical Luthy, David. Amish Folk Artist Barbara Ebersol: Her Life, Fraktur, and Death 1995. 128 pp. $29.95 (cloth). Society, Its First Settlement, Privations Endured by the Early Meginness, J. F. Otzinachson: A History of the West Branch Vallet; of the Susquehanna: Pioneers. Baltimore, Md.: Gateway Press, Inc., 1991. 728 pp. $52.00 (cloth). ... Edited by Irvin B. Horst. Mennonite Sources & Mennonite Confession of Faith, adopted April 21st, 1632, at Dordrecht, the Netherlands 1988. 80 pp. $9.95 (cloth). Documents, no. 2. Lancaster, Pa.: Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, to Fellowship of Evangelical Bible Churches . Telford, Pa.: Redekop, Calvin W. Leaving Anabaptism: From Evangelical Mennonite Brethren U.S., 1998. 268 pp. $20.00 (paper). Pandora Press Schaffner, Royer, Keller, and Related Families in Anne Frysinger. Pennsylvania German Ancestors: A Family History-Frysinger, Shifflet, (cloth). Lancaster, York, Berks, Dauphin. Frederick, Md.: AFS Publications, 1999. 536 pp. $50.00 Brethren Encyclopedia Monograph Series, no. 2. Edited by Stoffer, Dale R. Background & Development of Brethren Doctrines, 1650-1987. 327 pp. $46.00 (cloth). William R. Eberly. Philadelphia, Pa .: Brethren Encyclopedia, Inc., 1989. Lancaster County, 1999. $12.00 (cloth). Unpartheyisches Gesangbuch [1804 Mennonite hymnal]. n.p.: Amischen Gemeinden in Theology in the Late Nineteenth Centun;. Studies in Anabaptist Weaver, J. Denny. Keeping Salvation Ethical: Mennonite and Amish Atonement 316 pp. $20.00 (paper). and Mennonite History Series, no.35. Scottdale, Pa.: Herald Press, 1997. Family Letters. Mennonite Sources and Documents, no. 1. Yoder, Paton. Tennessee John Stoltzfus: Amish Church-Related Documents and Society, 1987. 296 pp. $29.95 (cloth) _ Translated by Noah G. Good. Lancaster, Pa .: Lancaster Mennonite Historical

a 10% discount on the purchase of these books Members of Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society may take basis while supply lasts. Add $3.50 for the first vol­ until March 31, 2003. Orders filled on a first-come, first-served Pennsylvania residents add 6% sales tax to com­ ume and $1.00 for each additional one for postage and handling. to Lancaster Mennonite Historical Society, 2215 bined total of books and postage/handling. Address requests 717-393-8751. Millstream Road, Lancaster, PA 17602-1499; tel. 717-393-9745; fax