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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.446,088 B2 Autzen Et Al

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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.446,088 B2 Autzen Et Al USOO9446088B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.446,088 B2 Autzen et al. (45) Date of Patent: Sep. 20, 2016 (54) PREPARATION AND USE OF A PLANT (52) U.S. Cl. EXTRACT FROMSOLANUM CPC ..................................... A61K 36/81 (2013.01) GLAUCOPHYLLUM WITH AN ENRCHED (58) Field of Classification Search CONTENT OF 1.25 DIHYDROXYVITAMIN None D3 GLYCOSIDES AND QUERCETIN See application file for complete search history. GLYCOSDES (56) References Cited (71) Applicant: HERBONIS AG, Basel (CH) PUBLICATIONS (72) Inventors: Sabrina Autzen, Reutlingen (DE); Heinrich Bachmann, Wintersingen von Rosenberg (Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular (CH) Biology, (Mar. 2007), vol. 103, pp. 596-600).* * cited by examiner (73) Assignee: Herbonis AG, Basel (CH) Primary Examiner — Susan Hoffman (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — K&L Gates LLP patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 530 days. (57) ABSTRACT The present invention relates to the preparation of an (21) Appl. No.: 13/919,560 enriched and equilibrated plant extract from Solanum glau cophyllum with an enriched content of 1,25-dihydroxyvita (22) Filed: Jun. 17, 2013 min D, glycosides and flavonols, particularly quercetin (65) Prior Publication Data glycosides. The present invention particularly describes a method for preparation of Such a plant extract either in US 2013/028O351A1 Oct. 24, 2013 industrial or in laboratory scale. The present invention furthermore describes the use of such a plant extract or similar (synthetic) compositions for the prevention and Related U.S. Application Data treatment of bone mass reduction-related diseases, such as (62) Division of application No. 12/988,598, filed as Osteopenia or Osteoporosis, for the prevention and treat application No. PCT/EP2008/003.191 on Apr. 21, ment of Tibial Dyschondroplasis, preferably in poultry, for 2008, now Pat. No. 8,465,781. the treatment of milk fever, and is a dietary supplement for human and Veterinary use. (51) Int. Cl. A6 IK 36/8 (2006.01) 12 Claims, 9 Drawing Sheets U.S. Patent Sep. 20, 2016 Sheet 1 of 9 US 9,446,088 B2 ?3«?y??38338********3*3************** *****~~~~…….. ****……… ? 28 & s S. S. RS --------------+------+----~~~#~~~~~~--~~~~~);-------+-------#--------------+-------+-------+--------------+-------~--~~~~~#~~~~~~~~~~*.33 U.S. Patent Sep. 20, 2016 Sheet 3 of 9 US 9,446,088 B2 *--~~~~~~~~-..-.-.-.-.-.-.- a-a-a-ay-as-a-aaaaaaa. ES: aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa-------------------as-as-a-a-a-a- & wa $3;x is: U.S. Patent Sep. 20, 2016 Sheet 4 of 9 US 9,446,088 B2 U.S. Patent Sep. 20, 2016 Sheet 5 Of 9 US 9,446,088 B2 s -N-N-OHNo. CHOHs Figure 5 U.S. Patent Sep. 20, 2016 Sheet 6 of 9 US 9,446,088 B2 is systs 3 & 8 esses ce: {} &R gys assics: 88: Figure 6 U.S. Patent Sep. 20, 2016 Sheet 7 Of 9 US 9,446,088 B2 is: s: i,j(iiii. 8) U.S. Patent Sep. 20, 2016 Sheet 8 of 9 US 9,446,088 B2 ii -5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 ii S S $ 3 & 3 : S. Days Around Parturition Figure 8 U.S. Patent Sheet 9 Of 9 US 9,446,088 B2 *****************************~~~~~~~~~,~~ ############ x-ra-a-a-a--------------& SR cy were US 9,446,088 B2 1. 2 PREPARATION AND USE OF A PLANT problem leading to losses and inferior meat quality. Also, EXTRACT FROMSOLANUM due to reasons of animal welfare, the problem of Tibial GLAUCOPHYLLUM WITH AN ENRCHED Dyschondroplasia has to be avoided (see publication Tibial CONTENT OF 1.25 DIHYDROXYVITAMIN Dyschondroplasia, a Poultry Leg Problem. Rath NC, USDA/ D3 GLYCOSIDES AND QUERCETIN ARS, Poultry Production and Product Safety Research, GLYCOSDES Poultry Science Center, University of Arkansas, USA (Sep. 4, 2003)). Furthermore, laying hens have a massive turnover PRIORITY CLAIM of calcium because of their eggshell production. Every day, approximately one tenth of the animals calcium pool has to This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. 10 be taken up from nutrition, stored into the bones and No. 12/988,598, filed Oct. 19, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No. mobilized within a few hours during production of the shell 8,465,781, which is a National Stage of International Appli around the egg. Suboptimal Supply of Vitamin D can, cation No. PCT/EP08/003191, filed on Apr. 21, 2008 the therefore, also lead to osteoporosis in laying hens. entire contents of which are expressly incorporated herein Many approaches have been Suggested and are pursued to by reference thereto. 15 prevent age-related and post-menopausal bone loss, wherein FIELD OF THE INVENTION e.g. physical training and pharmaceutical treatment are the methods of choice for osteoporosis therapy. Today pharma The present invention relates to the preparation of an ceutical treatment/drug treatment typically follows a thera enriched and equilibrated plant extract from Solanum glau peutic or curative approach, wherein therapy is started when cophyllum with an enriched content of 1,25-dihydroxyvita a pathological condition has already been diagnosed, i.e. min D glycosides and flavonols, particularly quercetin when bone mass or bone density has fallen under a certain glycosides. The present invention particularly describes a minimum level of necessary bone mass or bone density, or, method for preparation of Such a plant extract either in in the worst case, when a fracture has already occurred. industrial or in laboratory scale. The present invention 25 Thus, prevention of an under-run of a minimum of necessary furthermore describes the use of such a plant extract or bone mass or bone density would be more preferable to similar (synthetic) compositions for the prevention and therapy, but should start when bone density is still on a high treatment of bone mass reduction-related diseases, such as level and is to be carried out for a long time, e.g. as Osteopenia or Osteoporosis, for the prevention and treat illustrated in FIG. 1. Thereby, treatments which support ment of Tibial Dyschondroplasia, preferably in poultry, for 30 physiological mechanisms and which are of natural origin the treatment of milk fever, and as a dietary supplement for may be a valuable alternative to curative treatment with human or veterinary use. synthetic drugs. As of today, anti-osteoporotic drugs typically can be BACKGROUND classified according to their mode of action into anti-resorp 35 tive agents, anabolics or steroid hormones, bone-forming Healthy bones are in a delicate balance of bone resorbing agents and others, respectively. Alternatively or additionally, and bone forming processes in order to adapt the skeleton to anti-osteoporotic drugs may be classified according to their the changing demands during the whole life span of an chemical structures, which typically follow one of the above individual. This allows the skeleton to grow during child modes of action. Known anti-osteoporotic drugs include e.g. hood, as visualized by the growing skull where minerals are 40 bisphosphonate groups, synthetic estrogens, Vitamin D and deposited on the outer side and bone is resorbed on the inner its metabolites, etc. side giving space for the growing brain. During adulthood, Today most prescribed drugs belong to the bisphospho bones can reinforce themselves for the adaption to loads nate group, acting on the bone resorbing osteoclasts and when performing sports or carrying heavy weights. Bone thereby reducing bone resorption (see e.g. Fleisch H. et al., remodeling is a process with a typical sequence: bone 45 Endocrine Reviews (1998) 19(1): 80-100 Bisphosphonates: resorbing osteoclasts dock on the Surface of a distinct area Mechanisms of Action). A disadvantage of treatment with and start resorbing bone material. As a result, lacunas or pits drugs of the bisphosphonate group is the blockage of bone are formed. Onto Such pits, bone-forming osteoblasts turnover and thus a reduction of bone remodeling. append and these cells deposit new bone material. At the end As evidenced by the strong loss of bone mass after of Such a cycle a region with a stronger bone structure 50 menopause, female sex hormones also possess a strong remains. However, in older age or in females after meno effect on bone. Therefore, hormone replacement therapy pause the equilibrium is shifted towards a net bone loss. with synthetic estrogens may represent an effective Osteo Bone loss occurs also during long bed rest or under condi porosis treatment. Such treatment, however, limited to tions of reduced gravity. As FIG. 1 illustrates, bone mass females and is no longer recommended today since a large peaks in mid-age and then declines slowly. In women at risk 55 clinical study showed an increased incidence of breast accelerated bone loss occurs after menopause when estrogen cancer as an adverse reaction. hormone production ceases. Such bone loss is typically A further, more physiological and thus more promising diagnosed as Osteoporosis or as Osteopenia (the milder approach is the Support of the Calcium regulation and thus preceding form), wherein the disease Osteoporosis has of the natural bone mineral household of the patient to be become a major health problem in populations with increas 60 treated, either as a prevention or as a therapy for the above ing life expectancies, particularly in western civilizations. diseases. Not only humans, but also animals suffer from diseases of There are many factors, which are involved in Calcium impaired bone formation both in older age or in young regulation and the natural bone mineral household. Agents animals during periods of intensive growth. As an example, acting on Calcium homeostasis include e.g. hormones, such in animals, particularly in rapidly growing and food pro 65 as the hormones calcitonin or parathyroid hormone and ducing animals, such as poultry, leg weakness and, as one synthetic derivatives thereof.
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