MIXED MIGRATION FLOWS in the MEDITERRANEAN Compilation of Available Data and Information June 2019

MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS IN IN THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN Compilation of Available DataCompilation and Information of Available Data and Information August 2019 June 2019

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IOM Italy 2018 - Informative session upon disembarkation, Sicily MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation JuneAugust 2019 2019 Contents HIGHLIGHTS Highlights...... 4 Overview of Arrivals...... 6 Overview Maps...... 7 A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in throughTransit different Countries land -and Registered sea routes betweenIrregular January Arrivals/Apprehensions and the North of . Africa. . 9. According to available data from the PolicyJune 2019, Developments 29 per cent less. than. .the . same. . period. . .last . year,. . . . Spanish. . . Ministry. . . of. Interior,11 Morocco is the first declared when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain per centEU-Turkey less than the Statement105,884 arrivals and registered the Western in 2017 and Mediterranean between January route and. 11 June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 85 per Centralcent less than Mediterranean the 239,157 registered route between. . . .January . . . . .by .Guinea . . (13%),. . .Mali 11 (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . Western Mediterranean route...... 11 Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants BulgariaGlobal and Greece Compact . Another on 33 Migration per cent . of. individuals...... and. . refugees . . . between . .12 January and June 2019 . Arrivals in have arrivedCall forin Europe Regional through Disembarkation the Western Mediterranean...... the . first . .six . months. . 12of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals rescuedCountries and broughtof First to Arrival Italy and. Malta. . .in their. . attempt. . . to. . . .were . . registered, . . . . and 13 are only a fragment of the 83,752 crossItaly the. Central. . . Mediterranean . . . . . route . . . This . indicates. . . that. . the . . . .reported . . . between . . . January13 and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were WesternGreece and. the. Central. . . Mediterranean. . . . . routes. . .as .the . main . . . . of. Tunisian. . . origin,. . followed.17 by those from Pakistan (15%), routeSpain taken. .by .the . migrants . . . and. refugees. . . arriving. . . to. Europe. . . . . Algeria. . . (10%), . . Iraq. . (9%)19 and other African and Southern between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also Malta...... made. . up. the. .majority . .22 of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 routeCyprus in the first. . six. .months . . of. 2018,. . .making . . up . 42. per. cent...... 23 (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registeredBulgaria arrivals,. . . . . followed...... by. . the. . .Western ...... Mediterranean ...... 24 route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in Transit Countries*...... the. first. . half. .of .2019 . 26. This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reportedCroatia 18,448. . new. . arrivals . . to. Greece. . ., making. . . the . Eastern...... 26 months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to Romania...... authorities, . . . . Sudan . . is 28 the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . centSerbia lower .than . the. . 22,899 . . registered. . . .in .the . first . .six . months...... 29 of 2018Slovenia and 73. . per . cent. . more. . than. . the. 10,679. . . reported...... Authorities . . . . in . the . Western31 Balkans, namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registeredThe Republic arriving in Greeceof North so far Macedonia crossed into the. . country . . . . . significant. . . . increase . . . in33 arrivals in 2019 and have registered a throughTurkey land .routes, . . and. .the . remaining . . . 78. per. .cent . arrived. . .by . . . total. . of. 15,549. . . and . 35 refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 inWestern the country Balkans by sea werein Focus of Afghan. . origin. . . .Nationals . . . from . . . . in. all . three . . countries . . . 39and twenty-four times higher than the the AlbaniaSyrian Arab. . Republic. . . were. . the. .second . . most. . registered...... 649. .registered . . . between . .40 January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . TerritoriesBosnia (8%), and andHerzegovina the Democratic. . Republic. . . . of . Congo . . . . .In the. . second . . half. . of 412018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%)Kosovo . In addition UNCR to that, 1244DTM flow**. . monitoring. . . .data . from. . the. . . .arrivals . . were. . reported,. . 43 which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrantsMontenegro (45%) who. . were . . registered . . . arriving. . . from . . Turkey . . . . .108 . registered. . . .in the. 44same period of 2018 (read more here) . toCentral Greece, Mediterraneanmainly by land, were - ofOther Turkish Countries origin (read more. . . . . Pakistan,. . . Afghanistan,. . . .46 Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries Libya...... in. the . region. . in. the. .first46 half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in SpainNiger (WMR). . between. . . January. . . and . June. . 2019, . . 26. per. .cent ...... 47 lessMissing than theMigrants: 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent moreFatalities/Missing than the 9,401 registeredin the Mediterranean in the same period and of 2017 Aegean . . .1 .The . information. . . on. nationality48 breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry About this Report...... of .Interior . .. . . 49 first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government * The term transit country is used in the context of the ongoing DTMof flowMalta monitoring of movements from Middle East and Africa towards Europe. It does not imply any official accepted profiling of the countries concerned. 4 ** This designation is without prejudice to positions on status and is in line with UNSCR 1244/1999 Photo/ cover page: Migrants’ reception 2 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence. centre in Ventimiglia, close to the border between Italy and France. IOM Italy/2019. MIXED MIGRATION FLOWS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN Compilation of Available Data and Information June 2019

HIGHLIGHTS

A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

Migrants’ reception centre in Bira, Bosnia and 4 Herzegovina in April. IOM BIH/2019 3 MIXED MIGRATION FLOWS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN Compilation of Available Data and Information AugustJune 2019 2019

HIGHLIGHTS

A total of 66,268 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe Ato totalthe Spanish 19,178 autonomous migrants and enclaves refugees of Ceutawere andregistered Melilla in through different land and sea routes between January and Spainthe North (WMR) of Africabetween . According January toand available August data2019, from 43 per the AugustJune 2019, 2019, 29 24 per per cent cent less less than than the the same same periodperiod lastlast year,year centSpanish less Ministrythan the of33,912 Interior, registered Morocco in 2018, is the and first 32 per declared cent when 87,611some 59,446 sea and sea land and arrivals land werearrivals reported, were reported, 50 per cent 60 moreorigin thancountry the of14,483 migrants registered and refugees in the same who periodarrived ofin 2017.Spain lessper thancent theless 133,390than the arrivals105,884 registered arrivals registered in this period in 2017 of 2017 and Amongbetween the January total andregistered June 2019 migrants (33% arriving of the total),to Spain followed in the and85 per 78 centper centless than less thethan 239,157 the 296,512 registered registered between during January this firstby Guinea eight (13%),months Mali of (13%),2019, 81Côte per d’Ivoire cent (13,326) (8%) and arrived Senegal by periodand June in 20162016. . sea(8%) and (see the more remaining here) . 19 per cent (3,184) arrived by land, mainly to the Spanish autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla SixtyFifty-seven per cent per ofcent all ofarrivals all arrivals were wereregistered registered via the in Cyprus,Eastern Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants in the North of Africa. According to available data from the MediterraneanBulgaria and Greece route in . AnotherCyprus, Bulgaria 33 per and cent Greece. of individuals Another and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared 29have per arrived cent inof Europe individuals through have thearrived Western in Europe Mediterranean through the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent origin country by migrants and refugees who arrived in theroute Western leading Mediterraneanto Spain, and the route remaining leading 10to perSpain, cent and were the compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals Spain between January and August 2019 (33% of the total), remainingrescued and 11 brought per cent to crossedItaly and the Malta Central in their Mediterranean attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 followed by Guinea (9%), Mali (9%), others from sub-Saharan andcross arrived the Central by sea Mediterranean in Italy and Malta. route This . This indicatesindicates thatthat the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per countries (25%) (read more here). Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main Italianof Tunisian authorities origin, reported followed the by arrivals those fromof 5,135 Pakistan migrants (15%), and route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe refugeesAlgeria (10%),between Iraq January (9%) andand otherAugust African 2019. Arrivals and Southern in the between January and AugustJune 2019 2019. . firstAsian eight countries months . (read of 2019 more havehere )decreased . Tunisian by nationals 74 per alsocent comparedmade up the to themajority same ofperiod arrivals of 2018between when January 20,077 and arrivals June InThe the Eastern same Mediterraneanperiod last year, route there was wasalso athe much most smaller active were2018 registered(18% of the and total), represents followed only by 4migrants per cent from of the Eritrea total1 differenceroute in the in first the proportionsix months ofof arrivals2018, makingbetween up the 42 perWestern cent 95,213(15%), Sudanreported (9%), to Nigeriahave arrived (7%), between and Côte January d’Ivoire and (6%) August . andof registered Eastern arrivals,Mediterranean followed routes. by the OnWestern the Western Mediterranean route 2017. Twenty-six per cent of migrants registered in the first 33,912route (30%) arrivals and were the Centralregistered Mediterranean (39%), and routeon the (28%) Eastern . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in eight months of the year were of Tunisian origin, followed route 32,908 arrivals were registered (38%). On the Central the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities by those from Pakistan (16%), Algeria (10%), Côte d’Ivoire route 20,791 arrivals were registered (23%). migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern (10%), Iraq (8%) and other African and Southern Asian months of 2018 . According to the available data from national MediterraneanBetween January route and the August most active2019, routeHellenic for Authorities arrivals to countries (read more here). Tunisian nationals also made up authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europereported in 33,700the region new . Arrivalsarrivals thisin Greece year in. GreeceIt is the aretop 19 arrival per the majority of arrivals between January and August 2018 (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . centcountry lower in Europethan the so 22,899 far in 2019.registered Arrivals in the this first year sixin Greecemonths (19% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 (15%), ofare 20187 per and cent 73 more per than cent the more 31,451 than registered the 10,679 in reportedthe first SudanAuthorities (8%), inNigeria the Western (6%), and Balkans Pakistan, namely (6%). In Bosnia addition, and ineight 2017 months . Twenty-two of 2018 andper 92cent per of cent all migrantsmore than and the refugees 17,534 2,245Herzegovina, migrants Albaniaarrived in and Malta Montenegro, between January have observedand August a registeredreported inarriving 2017. in SixteenGreece soper far cent crossed of allinto migrants the country and 2019.significant This increaseis over inthree arrivals times in the2019 714 and migrants have registered reported a throughrefugees landregistered routes, arriving and the in remaining Greece so 78 far per crossed cent arrived into the by tototal have of arrived 15,549 in and Malta refugees in the as first of June eight (read months more of here 2018.), seacountry . Forty through per cent land of routes,the registered and the populationremaining 84that per arrived cent AccordingThis is 36 perto centthe availablemore than data the from11,413 national registered authorities, in 2018 inarrived the country by sea. Theby sea most were frequently of Afghan registered origin . Nationals nationality from this Sudanin all three is the countries most frequently and twenty-four reported timescountry higher of nationality than the theyear Syrianso far wasArab Afghan Republic (42%). were Nationals the second from mostthe Syrian registered Arab at649 arrival registered (29%), between followed January by Eritrea and 2June (8%), 2017 Nigeria . An increase(5%) and is (14%),Republic followed were the by secondthose arriving most registeredfrom Iraq (8%),(18%), Palestinian followed manyalso observed other countries in registered of Africa entries and to Asia Kosovo (read (UNSCR more here 1244)) . Territoriesby Democratic (8%), Republic and the of Congo Democratic (6%), Iraq Republic (6%), ofPalestinian Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly With regards to the Western Balkans, authorities in Bosnia (8%)Territories . In addition (6%), toand that, other DTM nationalities flow monitoring (22%) data(read from more the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the and Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro have observed Evroshere). region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than a significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . total of 24,970 reported arrivals this year so far (read more to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here). This is 40 per cent more than the 1,153 registered in here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries the same period 2018 in all three countries and over twenty- in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in one times than the 783 registered in the same period of 2017. Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior.Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 TheThe information information on on nationality nationality breakdown breakdown provided provided in this in report this report is based is and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly basedon the on nationality the nationality declared declared by migrants by migrants as reported as reported by the by Government the Maltese authorities.of Malta

4 MIXED MIGRATION FLOWS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN Compilation of Available Data and Information June 2019

HIGHLIGHTS

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 5 MIXED MIGRATION FLOWS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN Compilation of Available Data and Information AugustJune 2019 2019

OVERVIEWHIGHLIGHTS OF ARRIVALS

Figure 1: Arrivals in Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Malta and Spain between January and August, 2016 -2019.

A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in through180,000 different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the June 2019, 29 per 165,951 cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared 160,000 when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain

per cent140,000 less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal

and June120,000 2016 . 115,068 (8%) (see more here) . 99,127 Fifty-seven100,000 per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in have arrived80,000 in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals 60,000 rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 33,912 cross the40,000 Central Mediterranean33,700 route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per 31,451 Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were 20,077 19,178 17,534

20,000 14,483

Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from10,793 Pakistan (15%), 5,135 4,926 4,649 2,307 2,245 1,733 1,460 1,444 1,266 714 51 route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%)0 0 and other African and Southern 0 between January andGREECE June 2019 . SPAIN ITALY AsianCYPRUS* countries . (read MALTA more here) . TunisianBULGARIA nationals also made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 422016 per cent2017 2018 2019 (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean * Data for 2016 are IOM estimates pending official government data. route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reportedFigure 2: Arrivals 18,448 between new arrivals January to andGreece December, making 2016 the –Eastern 2018. months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months

of 2018200,000 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a 181,436 registered180,000 arriving in Greece so far crossed 176,906into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty160,000 per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the 140,000 the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is 119,369 (14%), 120,000followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In100,000 addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants80,000 (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan,65,325 Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq 60,000 here) . 50,215 were the main nationality groups registered in the countries

35,052 in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total 40,000of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in 28,707 Spain (WMR) between January23,370 and June 2019, 26 per cent 17,187

20,000 14,558 less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent 2,562 2,533 1,445 24 20 more than 0the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registeredITALY migrants arriving GREECEto Spain in the SPAINon the nationality declaredBULGARIA by migrants as reported byMALTA the Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly2016 2017 on2018 the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

64 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

OVERVIEWHIGHLIGHTS MAPS 600 By Land A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in 300 8

through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the 150 June 2019, 291 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared TURKEY 0 when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain UKRAINE per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% ofCYPRUS the4,926 total),63 By Sea 4,863 By Land followed Kilometers 15, 4

85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and SenegalEGYPT and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) .

Fifty-seven per Sea cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in By ROMANIA BULGARIA By Land have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean1, 444 the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per

Eastern Mediterranean51,210 route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main SERBIA of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria By Land (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern SLOVAKIA POLAND GREECE 33,700 28,213 By Sea 5,487

between January and June 2019 . HUNGARY Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also Source DataSource IOM, : National Authorities made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active MALTA 2,245 By Sea 1 CROATIA

TOTAL 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean LIBYA 8 SICILIA route (30%) and the CentralCZECH Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in ITALY 5,135 By Sea 2 REPUBLIC

AUSTRIA the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six

reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the EasternVENETO months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per 2 66, 6 (37%), followed by Eritrea (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months TUNISIA of 2018 and 73 per cent moreGERMANY than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and 2

in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants SWITZERLAND and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the BELGIUM the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered 1 between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . FRANCE Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of ALGERIA the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reportingARAGÓN of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in ANDALUCÍA

Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent Y LEÓN CASTILLA less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent

more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this reportMOROCCO is based on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry

Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the GALICIA

Arrival Point Departure Point Route Sea Route Land of Interior .

first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea SPAIN 19,178 15,554 By Sea 3,624 By Land

! ! 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based ! !

and the remaining EUROPE TO ARRIVALS 2019 January 31 August 1 - 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government This illustration map for is purposesNames only. and boundarieson this map do imply not official endorsementor acceptance IOM. by of Malta Map 1: Arrivals in Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Malta, Spain between JanuaryMap 1: Arrivals in Bulgaria, Italy, Cyprus, and August 2019. Greece,

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 7 MIXED MIGRATION FLOWS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN Compilation of Available Data and Information AugustJune 2019 2019 , y t n i 0 n 0 m i

HIGHLIGHTS u r 0 , a 2 G m

o E , c r N e E R I s H u

, r i S A I 0 G E s

e 0 s , , h t e 1 S P i

A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla ind r i n o a

h 0 through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from thet 0 u D r s , 5 A o

t n

June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declaredu a b i N l r i a t t I

when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spainn 0

, o A s r c

r d e p

per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followedt a a u e Y M G m t 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal o e l L s t i e a r K o and June 2016 . N (8%) (see more here) . S t A C A n N c e T i % T p S n A I I e 6 O T Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrantsl l K S

1 e I A , ( c ) % H

Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per centN of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in

2 M , 4 E O have arrived in Europe through the WesternG A Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent I

F : a A t routeC leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals a D

rescuedE and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 r c e cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one peru R E S o Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were G

Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%),

routeO taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern

betweenT January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also %

Q 8 A

R made up the majority of arrivals between January and June I B

The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the % most active L

A 1

6 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea R C route in the first six months of 2018, makingI up 42 per cent A A L (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . % N V

of registered arrivals, followed by the WesternU B Mediterranean 8 A P I 1 E route (30%) and the Central MediterraneanR route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in R Y

S the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 R I N

Between January and June 2019, Hellenic AuthoritiesE I A I

R migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six A N I %

reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making theO Eastern C T T I 8 - months of 2018 . According to the available data from national I S L

Mediterranean route the most active route forE arrivals to B L R authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival U O E A P Europe in the region . Arrivals this yearl s in Greece are 19 per N P T G

a 2 E E 0 I (37%), followed by Eritrea (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . i v N R 0 r C

cent lower than the 22,899 registeredr in the first six months 7 E O , A C E G

I 3 C 9

% 3 of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western BalkansT , namely Bosnia and 1 E 0 6 A G R 2 H R I in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro,R have observed a T C

F O O registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increaseN in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a O M

through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549A and refugees as of June (read more here), F r D

A e C % l s I a H h 6

sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36t per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 R i v A O Y 5 r F 2 r S O L 3 - A A 1

in the country by sea were A of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the , B 9 T S 5 A I 1 U I 0 S

the Syrian Arab Republic were the secondS most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is 2 % E I 6 (14%), followed by those arriving from IraqN (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . 2 U R I Territories (8%), and the Democratic RepublicT of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly A T I % R

(8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data0 from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the E 9 N 1 G 1 Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majorityL reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than 0 E A 2 U l s % R

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of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108I registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . 0 i v 8 s N % O r L I 7 r 1 u V O 5 A 1 I A A , g

to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq ´ % P 1 9 9 M u S 1 D 1 C 1

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here) . O were the main nationality groups registered in the countries

2 E 1 : C 1 T 3 C in the region in the first half of 2019 . O

A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registeredO in o C % E t % R W

8 N 5 y I Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 O per cent 1 r E 2 M a I G U less thanu the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent n V a J 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . R 1 on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry 0

Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the E of Interior . m

firstV six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea

o 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based r

and theF remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government O of Malta Map 2: Main countries reported of origin at arrival Italy and Spain between January in Greece, and August 2019.

84 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

TRANSITHIGHLIGHTS COUNTRIES – REGISTERED IRREGULAR ARRIVALS/APPREHENSIONS

AFigure total 3: ofRegistered 40,537 irregular migrants apprehensions and refugees by arrived country inbetween Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in throughJanuary and different August, land 2017-2019. and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared

20,000when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain

per cent less than18,419 the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 18,00085 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal

16,000and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants 14,000 Italian Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in 12,359

12,000have arrived in Europe through11,542 the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals 10,000 rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in9,154 their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 8,548

cross8,000 the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were 6,000 5,375

Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of5,005 Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), 4,673 route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern 4,000 3,608 3,025 2,897

between January and June 2019 . Asian countries2,408 . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also 2,241 1,665 1,591 2,000 made up the majority1,546 of arrivals between January and June 1,124 1029 751

The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 577 476 446 405

319 1 272 206 2018 (18% of the total), followed by109 migrants from Eritrea route0 in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent BOSNIA AND CROATIA SLOVENIA SERBIA MONTENEGRO(15%), SudanALBANIA (9%), NigeriaNORTH (7%), andKOSOVO Côte (UNSCR d’Ivoire ROMANIA (6%) . of registeredHERZEGOVINA arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean MACEDONIA 1244) route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . 2017 2018 A2019 total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 9 Migrants’ reception centre in the northern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. IOM BIH/2019 MIXED MIGRATION FLOWS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN Compilation of Available Data and Information AugustJune 2019 2019

Map 3: Presence of migrants and asylum seekers in the region as of the end of August 2019. HIGHLIGHTS MIGRANT PRESENCE ! Migrant Presence Location Sea Route Land Route + Based on available data on locations where migrants est. + August 2019 196,988 TOTAL and refugees are accommodated as of end of the month.

SLOVAKIA GERMANY AUSTRIA ! REPUBLIC OF ! SUCEAVA MOLDOVA SLOVENIA UKRAINE A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in EuropeHUNGARY to theSALAJ Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in 343* ROMANIA IASI BIHOR SWITZERLAND ! CLUJ 331 through different land and sea routes between! JanuaryCROATIA and the NorthMURES of Africa . VASLUI According to available data from the ! 417* ARAD BACAU !!! ! ALBA June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same!! period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared FRANCE ! ! SIBIU ! !! ! ! ! LOMBARDIA VENETO ! SERBIA BRASOV ! VOJVODINA ! when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 3,231origin country of BUZAUmigrants and refugees who arrived in Spain ! ! !!! PIEMONTE BOSNIA AND ! GORJ BRAILA TULCEA !!! REPUBLIKA !! per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered! in SRPSKA2017! and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed EMILIA-ROMAGNA HERZEGOVINA ! ! ! ! !! 8,200** ! OLT CALARASI 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by GuineaDOLJ (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal !!!! CENTRAL ! ! SERBIA and June 2016 . TOSCANA ! ! (8%)SEVEROZAPADEN (see more here) . KOSOVO ! !! ! MONTENEGRO! UMBRIA (SCR 1244) BULGARIA ! !! ! 218! ! ! Fifty-seven per cent of ITALYall arrivals were registered in Cyprus,127 !! ! !! ! authorities reported586 the arrivals of 2,779 migrants !Italian 2 ABRUZZO ! ! 101,540 2 !! YUZHEN !!! Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33LAZIO per cent of individuals andEAST refugeesTSENTRALEN between!! January and June 2019 . Arrivals in NORTH !! !! ! MACEDONIA! ! ! ! ! ! have arrived in Europe through the WesternCAMPANIA Mediterranean the! first six! months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent 90 KENTRIKI ! SARDEGNA MAKEDONIA! ! PUGLIA !! ! route leading to Spain, and the remaining1 10 per cent were compared! to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals ! ! !! rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to THESSALIA!were! registered,GREECE and are only a fragment of the 83,752 ! 1 cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the ! reported between81,683 ! January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per ! TURKEY !!! ! Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of !!migrants registered in the first half of the year were ! ! !!! ! Western and the Central MediterraneanSICILIA routes as the main of Tunisian origin,! followed by those from Pakistan (15%), ! route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq ! (9%) and other African and Southern CYPRUS between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read! more! here) . Tunisian222* nationals also ! ALGERIA TUNISIA SYRIAN made up theKRITI majority of arrivals between !!January andARAB June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active REPUBLIC 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants! from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent * Number of accommodated asylum seekers. 1 Estimated number based on available data as of end of month for different types of (15%),accommodation Sudan facilities excluding (9%), the numberNigeria of self-settled (7%), migrants. and CôteSource Data d’Ivoire : IOM, National (6%) Authorities . of registered** Number of accommodated arrivals, asylum followed seekers and present by migrants.the Western2 Does not include Mediterranean migrants in centres for repriation/expulsion. 0 75 150 300 routeThis map (30%) is for illustration and purposes the only.Central Names and Mediterranean boundaries on this map do not route imply official (28%) endorsement . or acceptance by IOM.A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrivedKilometers in Malta in the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 TableBetween 1: Presence January of migrants and June and 2019,asylum seekers Hellenic in the Authorities region as of the end of August, 2017-2019. migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to Country authorities,Aug-17 Sudan is the first Aug-18 reported nationalityAug-19 at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per Greece (37%), followed62,206 by Eritrea2 (12%)62,292 and Nigeria (8%) . 81,6833 cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months ofBosnia 2018 and and Herzegovina 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the/ Western Balkans/ , namely Bosnia8,200 and inBulgaria 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, 1,358 Albania and Montenegro,999 have observed586 a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a Croatia4 582 376 417 through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), seaCyprus . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent277 more than the 11,413252 registered in 2018222 inKosovo the country (UNSCR by sea1244/1999) were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries/ and twenty-four /times higher than127 the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered Montenegro 649 registered between/ January and115 June 2017 . An increase218 is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . TerritoriesRepublic of (8%), North and Macedonia the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half45 of 2018, 80 per cent62 of the overall yearly90 (8%)Romania . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported,995 which continued410 into 2019 with331 the EvrosSerbia region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 3,821496 migrants as of 3,278June, five times more3,231 than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . Slovenia5 249 335 343 to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq 6 hereItaly) . were the 177,505main nationality groups155,619 registered in the 101,540countries 3456 in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based 3Among Data thefor Greece total excludesregistered self-settled migrants migrants arriving and asylum to Spain seekers. in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . 4 Data for Slovenia and Croatia includes number of asylum seekers only. first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based 5and Datathe remainingfor Slovenia and21 Croatiaper cent includes (2,788) number arrived of asylum by seekersland, mainly only. on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government 6 Data are as of end of April 2017. of Malta

104 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

POLICYHIGHLIGHTS DEVELOPMENTS

EU - TURKEY STATEMENT AND THE WESTERN CENTRAL MEDITERRANEAN ROUTE MEDITERRANEAN ROUTE On 2 February 2017, Italy’s Prime Minister signed a In response to the arrival of almost one million migrants and refugees memorandum of understanding with Libya´s National fromA total the ofMiddle 40,537 East migrants and Africa and through refugees the Eastern arrived Mediterranean in Europe to the SpanishReconciliation autonomous Government enclaves toof reduceCeuta theand number Melilla ofin throughroute in the different second half land of 2015and seaand theroutes first betweenthree months January of 2016, and on the North departures of Africa . from According Libya to to Italy. available A day after, data 3 from February the June18 March 2019, 2016, 29 theper European cent less Union than (EU) the andsame Turkey period agreed last on year, a plan Spanish Ministry2017, Members of Interior, of the Morocco European is Council the first drafted declared the whento end irregularsome 59,446 migration sea flows and fromland arrivalsTurkey to were the EU.reported, The document 60 origin countryMalta of Declarationmigrants and at anrefugees informal who summit arrived held in Malta.Spain states that from 20 March 2016 all persons who do not have a right to During the summit, 28 EU heads of state discussed the internationalper cent less protection than the in105,884 Greece willarrivals be returned registered to Turkey, in 2017 based and on between Januaryexternal and dimensions June 2019 of (33%migration, of the focusing total), mainlyfollowed on the85 perReadmission cent less Agreement than the 239,157 from 2002 registered signed between between the January countries by Guinea (13%),undertaking Mali (13%),actions Côteto: significantly d’Ivoire (8%) reduce and Senegalmigratory and(the wholeJune 2016 document . is available here). At the same time, it was agreed (8%) (see moreflows, here break) . the business model of smugglers and to facilitate the resettlement of Syrian refugees from Turkey to many save lives (Malta Declaration). In addition to that, the EuropeanFifty-seven countries per cent (European of all arrivals Economic were Area, registered EEA). The intotal Cyprus, number Italian authoritiesItalian Government reported theand the arrivals EU provided of 2,779 trainings migrants to Bulgariaof Syrian refugees and Greece resettled . Another between 33 April per 2016 cent and of August individuals 2019 is and refugeesthe betweenLibyan Coast January Guard and to improve June 2019 their . Arrivalscapacity to in have27,307. arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first sixexecute months rescue of 2019 operations. have Thisdecreased had a significant by 83 per impact cent routeA significant leading decrease to Spain, in arrivalsand the in remainingGreece was 10observed per cent starting were from compared toon the the samenumber period of arrivals of 2018 in Italywhen in 16,5772017, causing arrivals a twofold decrease in the number of arrivals between the rescuedthe second and quarter brought (April to – Italy June) and of 2016Malta until in theirmid-2019. attempt From to the were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 152,617 arrivals in Greece registered in the first quarter of 2016, a second and third quarters of the year (59,460 in Q2 cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per drastic drop was registered in the second quarter of 2016 with 7,498 versus 21,957 in Q3). It also caused an overall decrease newEastern entries Mediterranean by land and byroute sea. continuesArrivals in to2017 surpass have beenboth around the cent of migrantsin the numberregistered of arrivalsin the infirst the wholehalf of 2018, the yearcompared were 8,800Western each and quarter the Centralon average, Mediterranean with the second routes quarter as the marking main a of Tunisian withorigin, the followedtotal arrivals by thosein 2017 from (e.g. Pakistan119,369 (15%),arrivals routerecord takenlow of by6,272 the new migrants entries andthat refugeesyear. A more arriving sustained to Europe trend has Algeria (10%),in 2017 Iraq compared (9%) and to other23,370 Africanin 2018). and The Southern decrease continued in the first and second quarter of 2019, when betweenbeen observed January over and 2018, June with 2019 quarterly . arrivals at around 12,500 new Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also entries on average. Arrivals registered in the first half of 2019 (18,448) authorities registered only 524 and 2,255 arrivals in Italy made up the majority of arrivals between January and June Thewere Eastern19 per cent Mediterranean lower than in route the first was half also of the2018 most (22,899), active but a respectively (-92 and -78 per cent less than Q1 and Q2 2018 (18% inof 2018). the total), The arrivals followed for theby firstmigrants half offrom 2019 Eritrea (2,779)1 routenew increase in the wasfirst observed six months during of the 2018, third quartermaking ofup the 42 year: per arrivalscent (15%), Sudanrepresent (9%), Nigeria an 83 per (7%), cent and decrease Côte whend’Ivoire compared (6%) . to ofin Julyregistered and August arrivals, 2019 followed (15,252) areby thehigher Western than the Mediterranean totals of the first and second quarter this year (8,162 and 10,286, respectively). the first half of 2018 (16,577) and a 97 per cent less route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256than the migrants first half and of 2017 refugees (83,759). arrived Arrivals in Maltaregistered in Overall, arrivals in Greece for August 2019 (9,349) and for the whole the first halfin Julyof 2019and . AugustThis is 2019significantly (2,356) are higher slightly than higher the than 235 Betweenyear (33,700) January so far are and higher June than those 2019, reported Hellenic along Authorities the Western migrants reportedthose registered to have in arrivedthe second in Maltaquarter in (2,255) the first and insix reportedand Central 18,448 Mediterranean new arrivals routes, to in GreeceSpain (2,558, making and 19,178 the Eastern in August and in 2019 respectively), and in Italy (1,268 and 5,135, in August and months of 2018the first . According quarter (524)to the of available the year. data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to in 2019 respectively). authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival EuropeFigure 4: inNumber the region of Syrian . Arrivals refugees this resettledyear in Greece from Turkey are 19to Figureper (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . centFigure lower 4: Number than theof Syrian 22,899 refugees registered resettled in the from first Turkey six tomonths ofEurope 2018 (EEA) and between 73 per April cent 2016 more and than August the 10,6792019.7 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a Germany 8,596 8,412 through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and8,596 refugees as of June (read more here), 4,411 France 4,456 WESTERN4,456 MEDITERRANEAN ROUTE seaN e. tFortyherlands per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 4,136 4,136 4,136 In response to the increased number of arrivals in Spain 1,591 in theS wecountryden by sea1,902 were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries1,902 and twenty-four times higher than the Finland during 2018, in the summer months authorities opened 1,561 the Syrian Arab Republic1,752 were the second most registered 649 registered between1,752 January and June 2017 . An increase is 1,445 UK 1,489 two new types of centres. First type are Centres for (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered1,489 entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . 1,371 Belgium 1,371 temporary1,371 attention of Migrants (CATE – Centro de 1,227 TerritoriesNorway (8%), and1,227 the Democratic Republic of Congo In the secondAtenc halfiό1,227n of Temporal 2018, de80 Extranjeros per cent) intendedof the overall for assistance yearly 660 (8%) . InSp additionain 660 to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals wereprovision reported,660 and registrationwhich continued of migrants into who 2019 arrive with on thethe Italy 376 Coast 376of Andalusia during the first 72 hours after their Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the2016 majority-2018 reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than Croatia 250 rescue.250 By the end of the year two centres of such kind of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . Austria 220 2019 were opened220 in Algeciras (Cadiz) and Motril (Granada). Portugal 206 to Greece, mainly206 by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan,The second Syriantype are Arab Centres Republic, for temporary Algeria reception,and Iraq Luxembourg 206 here) . 206 were the mainemergency nationality and referralgroups (CAEDregistered – Centro in the Temporal countries de Lithuania 102 102 in the regionAcogida, in the firstEmergencia half ofy 2019Derivaci . iόn) managed by the A totalSwitzer laofnd 13,26375 migrants and refugees were registered in 75 Denmark Spanish71 Red Cross that oversees the provision of health, Spain (WMR)71 between January and June 2019, 26 per cent Estonia 66 psychological,66 social and interpretation services. At the less thanLatv ia the 46 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent end of46 December 2018, three of these centres were 43 moreR othanmania the43 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The informationoperational on nationality in Chiclana breakdown (Cadiz) provided, Merida in this reportand Guadixis based 34 Slovenia 34 on the nationality(Grenada) declared. by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the 17 Malta 17 of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 6 Ireland 6 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta 7 The figure includes the number of Syrian refugees assisted by IOM Turkey through the 1:1 resettlement scheme as well as other bilateral programs.

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 11 MIXED MIGRATION FLOWS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN Compilation of Available Data and Information AugustJune 2019 2019

GLOBAL COMPACT ON MIGRATION HIGHLIGHTSCALL FOR REGIONAL DISEMBARKATION In December 2018, the Intergovernmental Conference to In an effort to tackle the record rate of drownings in the Adopt the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Mediterranean Sea witnessed in 2018, IOM and UNHCR Migration was held in Marrakech, Morocco. The compact appealed to European leaders in October 2018 to confront comprises 23 objectives and was adopted by world leaders the negative political discourse regarding migrants and refugees onA total10 December of 40,537 with migrants 152 votes and refugeesin favour, arrived 5 against in Europeand 12 arrivingto the Spanish by boat. autonomous Over 2,299 haveenclaves died ofin theirCeuta efforts and Melilla to reach in abstentions.through different The first land ofand the sea 23 routes objectives between is to January“collect and Europethe North by sea of in Africa 2018, . Accordingand 840 so to far available in 2019. dataThe fromworkable the utilizeJune 2019, accurate 29 andper disaggregatedcent less than data the assame a basis period for evidence-last year, regionalSpanish Ministryarrangement of Interior, initiated Morocco by IOM is and the UNHCR first declared is a basedwhen policies.”some 59,446 See heresea andfor moreland arrivalsinformation. were reported, 60 comprehensiveorigin country of approach migrants to and sea refugees rescues whothat arrivedwould increasein Spain the predictability and efficiency of disembarkation missions per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed by means of common procedures. Alongside this proposal, 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal both organizations encouraged responsibility-sharing amongst and June 2016 . European(8%) (see moreleaders, here and) . the implementation of the agreements Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, formedItalian in authorities the Valetta reported Political Declaration the arrivals and of 2,779Plan of migrants Action. Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals Moreand refugees recently, betweenIOM and JanuaryUNHCR and welcomed June 2019 new . Arrivalsconsensus in have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean amongthe first European six months States of 2019on addressing have decreased the situation by 83 perof thecent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were Mediterranean,compared to the to same prevent period loss ofof 2018 life on when the Mediterranean16,577 arrivals rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to Seawere and registered, to establish and a areregional only adisembarkation fragment of themechanism 83,752 cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the (morereported here between). January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less thanLanguage the 17,950course in registered a in 2018, and 41 per cent more migrants’than the reception9,401 registered centre in in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based AmongBosnia the totaland Herzegovinaregistered migrants in arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . May. IOM BIH/2019 first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

124 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

COUNTRIES OF FIRST HIGHLIGHTSARRIVAL

ITALY

ADevelopments total of 40,537 during migrants the and reporting refugees arrivedAugust in Europe 2017. So far, arrivalsto the inSpanish Italy this autonomous year from enclaves Eritrea of9 Ceuta(15%), andSudan Melilla (8%), in Nigeria throughperiod different land and sea routes betweenare January the lowest and reportedthe since North 2014. of Africa . According(7%) and to Pakistan available (6%). data from the June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same periodAccording last year, to the availableSpanish data Ministry shared ofby Interior, Migrants Morocco and is refugees the first arrived declared in Italy During this reporting period, authorities in 8 Italywhen registered some 59,446 a total sea of 1,268and land new arrivals arrivals, were thereported, Italian Ministry60 of originInterior country (MOI), of most migrants betweenand refugees January who arrivedand August in Spain 2019 by per17 per cent cent less more than thethan 105,884 the 1,088 arrivals reported registered migrants in 2017 and refugeesbetween arrived Januaryin 2019 and so June sea2019 are (33% more of frequently the total), reportedfollowed to have far are adult males (73%), while the rest departed from Tunisia (36%). Other main 85in the per previous cent less month than the and 239,157 representing registered 25 between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal per cent of all arrivals registered in 2019 being adult females (8%), accompanied reported countries of departure are Libya and June 2016 . children (5%) and (8%)unaccompanied (see more hereand) . (26%) and Turkey (21%), followed by so far (5,135). Arrivals in August 2019 are 10 17 per cent less than the 1,531 registered separated children (14%). Algeria and Greece. This year for the first Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reportedtime the since arrivals 2011 ofTunisia 2,779 surpasses migrants Libya as Bulgariain August and 2018, Greece 68 per . Another cent less 33 than per the cent ofTunisia individuals represents andthe refugeesfirst declared between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in 3,914 of August 2017 and only a fragment main country of departure of those arriving have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterraneancountry of origin forthe registered first six migrantsmonths of 2019in Italy have by decreasedsea. by 83 per cent of the 21,294 registered in July 2016. arriving in Italy in 2019, with a total of route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals A total of 5,135 migrants and refugees 1,326 migrants and refugees (26% of the 02 July – The Italian Minister of the Interior rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 were reported to have arrived in Italy in total). Other main reported nationalities visited Trieste, in Friuli Venezia Giulia, to thecross first the Centraleight months Mediterranean of 2019. routeThis is . Thisa 74 indicatesare Pakistan that the (16%), reportedCôte d’Ivoire between (10%), January sign and new June protocols 2017 . Twenty-one for local authorities per to perEastern cent Mediterranean decrease in comparison route continues with the to surpassAlgeria both (10%), the Iraq (8%)cent and of migrantsother African registered increase in the firsttheir actionhalf of atthe borders, year were to prevent Westernsame period and of the 2018 Central when Mediterranean 20,070 arrivals routes and as theSouthern main Asian ofcountries. Tunisian origin,Tunisians followed the by entry those by fromland of Pakistan migrants (15%), coming from also made up the biggest national group at routewere registeredtaken by theand migrants only a small and fraction refugees of arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) the and so-called other African Balkan route and Southern (more here ). the 99,127 reported between January and arrivals between January and August 2018 between January and June 2019 . (19% of the total), followedAsian countries by migrants . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent Figure 5: Monthly arrivals in Italy by sea, 2014 – 2019. (15%), Sudan (9%), NigeriaFigure (7%), 6: and Age/Sex Côte breakdownd’Ivoire (6%) of . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean registered arrivals by sea, January- 30,000route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrantsAugust and refugees2019 arrived in Malta in the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived 14 in % Malta in the first six

reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern 24,774

25,000 months24,031 of 2018 . According to the available data from national 23,552 23,524 23,185

Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals22,993 to 22,905 22,641 22,607 22,371 authorities, Sudan is the first5 % reported nationality at arrival 21,294

Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are21,221 19 per (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . 19,925 20,000cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western8% Balkans, namely Bosnia and

in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants16,063 and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a 15,679

15,000registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the14,599 country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a

through land routes, and the remaining 78 per12,943 cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), 73% 11,461

sea . Forty per cent of the registered10,853 population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 9,676

10,000 9,149 in the country by sea were8,972 of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and JuneAdult 2017 Males . An increase is Adult Females

(14%), followed by those arriving5,459 from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . 5,273 4,467

4,354 Accompanied Children 5,000 4,182 3,963 3,914 Territories (8%), and3,828 the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly 3,528 3,335 3,171 3,147 UASC* 2,283 2,171

(8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were1,969 reported, which continued into 2019 with the 1,531 1,268 1,218 1,088 1,058 1,049 782 262 255 Evros region in202 the North of Greece shows that the majority 60 reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than 0 of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of*Unaccompanied 2018 (read more and Separated here) . Children. January February March April May June July August to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent 9 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based on the nationality more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdowndeclared providedby migrants in this as report reported is based by the Italian Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrantsMOI. as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) 8arrived IOM bydata sea is adjusted according to the official 10 Calculations based on DTM Flow Monitoring data figures provided by Italian2 TheMOI informationtwice a week. on nationality breakdownand data providedfrom Italian in this MOI. report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 13 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

05 August – The Italian government ofHIGHLIGHTS the Interior for 19 days and after 28 August – The Italian NGO approved a decree on security and several other migrants were evacuated Mediterranea rescued around 100 immigration (D.L. 53/2019). The and brought to Lampedusa for medical migrants in the Central Mediterranean decree toughens sanctions on NGOs reasons. The ship was confiscated after and was initially not allowed to enter operating migrant rescue ships in the berth. The migrants will be relocated Italian waters. On August 29th, 64 the Mediterranean, with fines for as Spain, France, Germany, Luxemburg vulnerable people (pregnant women, A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in vessels entering Italian waters without and Portugal announced their availability children and sick persons) were through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the permissions and investigations which for receiving them (more here). transferred by the Italian Coast Guard Junemight 2019, imply 29 theper centarrest less of thanthe captainsthe same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior,from Morocco the NGO is thevessel first and declaredbrought to 27 August - At least 40 people are whenand thesome requisitions 59,446 sea of andthe vesselsland arrivals (more were reported, 60 origin country of migrantsLampedusa. and refugees Onwho September arrived in Spain 2nd, also feared dead following an accident of a perhere cent). less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and Junethe 2019 migrants (33% ofremaining the total), on followed board were boat off the coast of Libya. According 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%),transferred Côte d’Ivoire by Italian(8%) and authorities Senegal to 20 August – The Spanish vessel Open to IOM and UNHCR some 60 survivors and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . Lampedusa (more here and here). Arms docked in Lampedusa and have been returned to shore and several Fifty-sevendisembarked per cent81 migrantsof all arrivals after were having registered bodies in Cyprus, have been retrievedItalian so authorities far, among reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Bulgariareceived and a ban Greece from . Anotherthe Italian 33Ministry per cent ofthem individuals children (here and here refugees). between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals Table 2: Arrivals in Italy by sea - top 10 declared nationalities, January – August 2019. Known entry points: rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between JanuarySince and theJune beginning 2017 . Twenty-one of the year, per 228 single Declared Adult Adult Eastern Mediterranean route Tocontinues t a l to% surpass both the centAC of migrantsUASC registeredlanding in the eventsfirst half where of the reported year were by Italian Westernnationality and the Central Mediterranean routesMales as the mainFemales of Tunisian origin, followedauthorities. by those Most from recorded Pakistan disembarkations (15%), routeTotal taken by the migrants and5,135 refugees arriving3,733 to Europe 431 Algeria234 (10%), Iraq737 (9%) took and otherplace in African Sicily (60% and Southernof the total) and particularly in Lampedusa and Pantelleria. betweenTunisia January and June 20191,326 . 26 967 43 Asian 64 countries 252. (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also made up the majority of Thearrivals remaining between numberJanuary andof eventsJune were The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active Pakistan 805 16 655 0 2018 (18%14 of the136 total), followedregistered by migrantsin Sardinia from Eritrea(Porto1 Pino, route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent Sant’Antioco, Cagliari), Calabria (Crotone) Algeria 534 10 523 4 (15%), Sudan0 (9%),7 Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean and Apulia (Leuca, Otranto). routeCôte (30%) d’Ivoire and the Central Mediterranean518 10 route (28%)197 . 218 A total53 of 1,256 50 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in Arrivals from Tunisia, Algeria, Turkey Iraq 399 8 259 48 the first36 half of 201956 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities and Greece are normally the result migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reportedBangladesh 18,448 new arrivals to Greece231 , making4 the180 Eastern 0 0 51 of autonomous landings or of rescue months of 2018 . According to the available data from national MediterraneanSudan route the most active205 route4 for arrivals169 to 2 12 22 operations conducted very close to authorities, Sudan is the firstItalian reported shores. Arrivalsnationality from at arrivalLibya are Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per Morocco 114 2 93 10 (37%), followed5 by 6Eritrea2more (12%) frequently and Nigeria the (8%) result . of search and cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months rescue (SAR) operations in the Central ofIslamic 2018 Republic and 73 per of cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and Iran 108 2 93 6 4 5 Mediterranean Sea than of boats reaching in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania andautonomously Montenegro, the have Italian observed waters. a SAR registeredGuinea arriving in Greece so far104 crossed 2into the 52country 10 significant4 increase38 in arrivalsoperations in 2019 are and conducted have registered less frequently a throughOther land routes, and the remaining791 78 15per cent 545arrived by 90 total of42 15,549 114 and refugeesby the as Italian of June Coast (read Guard, more hereby Italy’s), and sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more thanEU’s thenavy 11,413 and registeredby NGOs’ in vessels.2018 As a in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and recenttwenty-four development, times higher since thanJune the2019 some the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between Januarysmall woodenand June boats2017 .departedAn increase from is Tunisia (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registeredwith entries non-Tunisian to Kosovo nationals(UNSCR also1244) on . board, Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018,particularly 80 per cent migrants of the overallfrom yearlyfrancophone Western African countries. (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrantsNo as ofofficial June, five estimate times onmore the than number of of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the samemigrants period of entering 2018 (read Italy more by hereland) . and air to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrianborders Arab Republic,is provided Algeria by Italian and Iraqauthorities. here) . were the main nationality Nevertheless,groups registered according in the tocountries media reports in the region in the first halfand of IOM 2019 operations . in the North of Italy, A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in there is a continuous flow of migrants and Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent refugees entering Italy by land in Trieste less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent and Gorizia from Slovenia. Main reported more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationalitynationalities breakdown provided of migrants in this report entering is based Italy by Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared byland migrants are asPakistan reported and by the Afghanistan. Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

144 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

Figure 7: Nationality breakdown of registered Figure 8: Nationality breakdown of registered Relocation within Europe arrivals by sea in Italy between January and arrivalsHIGHLIGHTS by sea in Italy between January and After the closure of the EU relocation mechanism, August 2019. August 2018. IOM supports national authorities in the procedures to relocate some of migrants and refugees arriving 26% 19% by sea to other EU countries with which the Italian 30% authorities have found an agreement. Between 45% August and December 2018, IOM assisted the A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomousrelocation enclaves ofof 142Ceuta migrants and Melilla and inrefugees to France, through different land and sea routes between January and the North of15 Africa% . AccordingGermany, to Portugal available and data Spain. from the June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior,In 2019, Morocco the isrelocation the first of 26declared asylum seekers was when some8% 59,446 sea and land16 arrivals% were reported, 60 origin country of migrants madeand refugees possible who through arrived bilateral in Spain ad-hoc agreements per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between 8January% and June between2019 (33% Italian of theand total),French followed authorities: 85 per cent less10 %than the10 239,157% registered between January 6% by Guinea7% (13%), Mali (13%),• Côte6 individuals d’Ivoire (8%)from and Senegal, Senegal Guinea, Sudan and and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . Côte d’Ivoire in February 2019; Tunisia Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus,Tunisia ItalianEritrea* authorities reported• the5 individuals arrivals of from 2,779 Sudan migrants and Chad in June 2019; Pakistan • 6 individuals from Côte d’Ivoire and Mali in July Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in Côte d'Ivoire 2019; have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent Sudan Nigeria • 9 individuals from Côte d’Ivoire, Mali and Niger route leading toAlgeria Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals Iraq in August 2019. rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt toPakistan were Others registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 cross the CentralOthers Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between JanuarySo and far Junein 2019, 2017 IOM. Twenty-one has also perassisted the transfer of 20 children to the United Kingdom within the Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass* Theboth information the oncent nationality of migrants breakdown registered in the first half of the year were provided in this report is based on the nationality framework of the DUBS project; most of them are Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), declared by migrants as reported by the Italian from Eritrea11 while the others from Sudan, Iraq and route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving toMOI. Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) the and Gambia. other AfricanSince the and beginning Southern of the project (April between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more2018), here a total) . Tunisian of 33 children nationals were also transferred to the Map 4: Main departure points from Libya and landing points in Italy, Augustmade 2019. up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active UK with IOM support. 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1

route in the first six months of 2018, making upAU STRI A HUNGARY42 per cent ROMANIA ITA LY Gallipoli Otranto Port Resettlement and Humanitarian Corridors - AUGUST SER BIA (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . ARRIVALS TO ITALY FR ANCE Sant'Anna of registered arrivals, followed by the Western MediterraneanBU LGARIA LECCE Arrivals 2019 2018 ! 2018 Departure Point Sant'Antioco Arresi IOM Italy manages a resettlement program financed 201 - 600 ! 2019 Departure Point (Sardinia) Trica se 1,268 1,531 TURKEY Gagliano route (30%) and the101 - 200Central Mediterranean route (28%) . TeuladaCAGLIARIA Port totalTorre Vado of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in Sea Route Porto Pino del Capo by the Ministry of Interior, under which 400 2019 2018 51 - 100 Leuca Port Land Route 1 - 50 Capo Teulada Santa Maria theChia first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, HellenicALGERIA LIBYA Authorities 1 di Leuca 2 beneficiaries have been resettled to Italy in 2018 from BARI Brindisi Port ALBANIAmigrants reported to haveLibya, arrived Jordan, in MaltaLebanon, in the Sudan first and six Turkey. Seventy- reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, makingITALY the Eastern 1 months of 2018 . Accordingseven to the per available cent of data them from were national Syrian nationals. Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to 2 Crotone Port Cagliari Port authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival GREECE By the beginning of 2019, 289 refugees were assisted Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per 2 1 (37%),Lefkada followed by Eritrea (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months by IOM in their resettlement to Italy: 86 per cent of Marettimo Capo Bruzzano Port Trapani Port them are Syrian nationals with the rest being from of 2018 and 73 per cent more thanPALERMO the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and Sciacca Torre Salsa Catania Port Sudan, Palestinian Territories and Libya. Departures in 2017 . Twenty-two per centPantelleria of all migrantsPunta Bianca and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a Port Porto Vendicari took place from Lebanon, Jordan, Sudan and Libya. registered arriving in Greece so far Empedoclecrossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a Port Portopalo di Over the past three years, a consortium of faith- through land routes, and the remainingLinosa 78 per CapoPasserocent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), Mahdia based organizations (Comunità di Sant’Egidio, sea . Forty per cent of the registeredKerkennah populationLampedusa that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 ALGERIA TUNISIA Sfax (Sfax) Port Federazione delle Chiese Evangeliche in Italia and Tavola in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and Valdesetwenty-four) organizes times self-fundedhigher than humanitarian the corridors the Syrian Arab Republic Djerbawere the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is Zarzis in agreement with the Italian Ministry of Foreign (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Abu Kammash Zuwara Tripoli Affairs and the Italian Ministry of Interior. A total of Zetlen Territories (8%), and the DemocraticLIBYA Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018,more 80 per than cent 2,200 of themigrants overall and yearly refugees have been 0 45 90 180 (8%)This map . In is for illustrationaddition purposes only. toNames that,and boundaries DTM on this map do flownot imply official endorsementmonitoring or acceptance by IOM.data fromSource the Data : IOM, Italian Authoritiesarrivals wereKilometers reported, whichadmitted continued in Italy into since 2019 February with the 2016 (about 1,700 Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrantsfrom as of Lebanon, June, five 500 times from Ethiopia),more than with beneficiaries Knownof migrants exit (45%) points who were registered arrivingVentimiglia from Turkey consistently108 registeredremains in thethe samegranted period ofreception 2018 (read and more integration here) . services by the most visible transit place for migrants Itto Greece,is well mainly reported by land, by were media of Turkish and origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrianpromoting Arab Republic, organizations. Algeria andOther Iraq 500 migrants and and refugees who are trying to cross the organizationshere) . in the field including IOM that were the main nationality refugeesgroups registered have been in transferredthe countries to France, Belgium border with France. French authorities and Andorra. According to the available data, the some migrants arrived by sea or by land in in the region in the first half of 2019 . ItalyA total try toof exit13,263 the countrymigrants and and reach refugees other were areregistered reported in to send back migrants found consortium has organized the transfer of about EuropeanSpain (WMR) destinations. between Hence, January formal and June and 2019, on 26 their per centterritory in an irregular position. 2,700 refugees to Europe so far. Also, Bardonecchia (Italy/France), Como informalless than transit the 17,950 camps registeredare active at in border 2018, and 41 per cent Humanitarian corridors and evacuations from Libya (Italy/Switzerland) and, to a lesser extent, areasmore withthan theneighbouring 9,401 registered countries in the(mostly same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationalityto breakdown Italy assisted provided by inother this report UN isagencies based have been also Bolzano (Italy/Austria), are other border withAmong France the totaland Switzerland).registered migrants Migrants arriving are to Spain in the on the nationality declared byregistered migrants as reportedduring the by the reporting Italian Ministry period. cities where transiting migrantsof Interior gather . and reportedfirst six monthsto be oftenof 2019, stopped 79 per or cent pushed (10,475) arrived by sea back to Italy when found on streets, organize to move northwards.2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government footpaths or trains close to the borders. 11 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this of Malta report is based on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian MOI.

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 15 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

Migrants in reception centres Figure 9: Occupancy in reception centres for HIGHLIGHTS migrants and refugees in Italy at the end of According to the data provided by the Italian Ministry of Interior, migrants hosted in the year, 2013 – 2019. reception centres of various types throughout the country are 101,540 in August 2019. This is a 35 per cent decrease compared to August 2018. Five regions – Lombardy, Emilia 200,000 Romagna, Latium, Piedmont and Campania – host almost half of all migrants in reception 180,000 175,481 183,681 (50%). Out of the total, 25 per cent of migrants and refugees are hosted in second-level A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in reception centres (SIPROIMI) while the rest is hosted in first-level reception centres 160,000 through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the (hotspots, former CARA, CAS, etc.). 140,000 135,858 June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared whenThe number some 59,446of migrants sea and and land refugees arrivals in werereception reported, is decreasing 60 dueorigin to thecountry decrease of migrants in 120,000and refugees who arrived in Spain 103,792 arrivals and to recent legislative changes which have also affected the criteria to be granted 101,540 per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed a shelter in the reception system. The number of migrants and refugees in reception is 100,000 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal decreasing at a faster pace in the regions of the south than in the rest of the country. 80,000 and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . 66,066 The number of unaccompanied migrant children in dedicated reception facilities is 60,000 alsoFifty-seven decreasing. per cent According of all arrivals to the were Ministry registered of Labour in Cyprus, and Social Policies,Italian around authorities 6,775 reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January40,000 and June 2019 . Arrivals in unaccompanied migrant children were in reception at the end of August 2019, which 22,118 representshave arrived a in46 Europe per cent through decrease the comparedWestern Mediterraneanto August 2018 (12,457).the firstChildren six monthscoming of 201920,000 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals from Albania, Egypt, Pakistan, Côte d’Ivoire and the Gambia represent 51.5 per cent of all 0 thoserescued registered and brought and present to Italy in and reception. Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per 2019 * Map 5: Distribution of migrants in reception centres in Italy by region, August 2019 Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered*Data in the as of first end of half August of 2019.the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), I T A L Y P R E S E N T M I G R A N T S Source: Italia MOI. Note: this data does not include CPR route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) (centres and other for forced African repatriation). and Southern M i g r a n t P r e s e n c e 101,540 e n d o f A u g u s t 2 0 1 9 between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also made up the majority of arrivals between January and June T R E N T I N O - A LT O A U S T R I A The SEasternW I T Z EMediterraneanR L A N D route was also the most active A D I G E H2018U N G (18%A R Y of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, makingF R I U L I up 42 per cent V E N E Z I A S L O V E N I A (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . G I U L I A of registeredVA L L E arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean Figure 10: Occupancy in reception centres for V E N E T O C R O A T I A routeD '(30%)A O S T A and theL O M CentralB A R D I A Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrantsmigrants and refugees and refugees arrived in Italy in Malta as of inthe end the first half of 2019 . This ofis August,significantly comparison higher 2018 than –the 2019. 235 BetweenP I E M O JanuaryN T E and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities B O SmigrantsN I A A N reportedD to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivalsE M I L I A - R toO M GreeceA G N A , making the Eastern L IG U R IA H E R monthsZ E G O V ofI N 2018A . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to 180,000 F R A N C E authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival

Europe in the region . ArrivalsI TthisA LyearY in Greece are 19 per 155,619 (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%)160,000 and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899T registeredO S C A N A in MtheA R C HfirstE six months of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans140,000 , namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of allU migrantsM B R I A and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a 120,000 registered arriving in Greece so far crossedL A Z I O into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a A B R U Z Z O 101,540 through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as100,000 of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population thatM O L IarrivedS E This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 P U G L I A 80,000 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . NationalsC A M P AfromN I A in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian ArabS A R DRepublicE G N A were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is B A S IL IC ATA 60,000 (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per40,000 cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the C A L A B R I A 20,000 Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 20180 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic,Aug Algeria-18 andAug- 19Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries S I C I L I A Source: Italia MOI. Note: this data does not include in the region in the first halfCPR of(centres 2019 .for forced repatriation). A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent

lessA L G thanE R I theA 17,950T U N I registeredS I A in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry AmongDistributio nthe of M igtotalrants in Rregisteredeception Centers bmigrantsy Region arriving to Spain in the Source Data : IOM, National Authorities, Esri, HERE, Garmin, © OpenStreetofMap Interiorcontributors . first< 3,00 0six

164 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

GREECE Developments during the reporting HIGHLIGHTS period

During this reporting period (1 – 31 August Figure 11: Arrivals in Greece each month, 2016 – 2019. 2019), Hellenic authorities registered 9,349 migrants and refugees who arrived inA Greece total of by 40,537 sea and migrants land. This and is refugees 58 per arrived80,000 in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in centthrough more different than the land previous and seamonth, routes when between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the

June5,903 2019, arrivals 29 wereper cent registered less than and the more same period70,000 last year,67,954 Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared whenthan 2 sometimes more59,446 than sea the and 4,339 land reportedarrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain

perin August cent less 2018 than and the the 105,884 4,240 arrivalsreported registered in 60,000 in 2017 and 57,540 between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 85August per cent2017. less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal 50,000 Betweenand June 2016January . and August 2019, 33,700 (8%) (see more here) . migrants and refugees have been registered, Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered40,000 in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants this is 7 per cent more than the 31,451 inBulgaria 2018 and 92 Greece per . cent Another more 33than per the cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in 30,000 27,123 17,534have arrived reported in Europe in 2017. through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals 20,000 rescuedSixteen andper broughtcent of to allItaly migrants and Malta and in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752

refugees registered arriving in Greece so far 9,349

cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates10,000 that the reported between January7,009 and June 2017 . Twenty-one per 5,903 4,802 4,339 4,240 4,213 in 2019 crossed into the country through 4,081 3,934 3,789 3,755 3,745 3,172 3,153 3,052 2,662 2,658 2,615 2,332 2,246 2,047 1,978 1,910 1,702 1,654 1,610 1,520 1,364

Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent1,185 of migrants registered in the first half of the year were land route and the remaining 84 per cent 0 arrivedWestern by and sea. the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to EuropeJANUARY FEBRUARYAlgeria MARCH (10%), IraqAPRIL (9%) andMAY other AfricanJUNE andJULY SouthernAUGUST Afghanistan is the most commonly between January and June 2019 . Asian countries2016 . (read2017 more2018 here) .2019 Tunisian nationals also reported country of origin this year so made up the majority of arrivals between January and June farThe as Eastern of August Mediterranean 2019, declared route by was42 peralso the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 routecent ofin theregistered first six migrants months andof 2018, refugees making up 42 per cent (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . ofarriving registered by sea arrivals, to Greece.followed Nationalsby the Western of MediterraneanFigure 12: Arrivals by sea and by land in Greece between January and August, 2017 – 2019. routethe Syrian (30%) Arab and theRepublic Central represent Mediterranean the route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in second largest nationality group registered 40,000 the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities (18%), followed by those arriving from migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six Democraticreported 18,448 Republic new arrivalsof the Congoto Greece (6%),, making the Eastern30,000 months of 2018 . According to the available data from national IraqMediterranean (6%), Palestinian route Territories the most (6%), active and route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the20,401 first reported nationality at arrival the remaining 22 per cent is distributed 20,000 28,213 Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per 2 among 59 other nationality groups. In (37%), followed by Eritrea (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six 10,000months 15,645 theof 2018same andperiod 73 of per 2018, cent Syrian more nationals than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western11,050 Balkans, namely Bosnia and 1,889 5,487 representedin 2017 . Twenty-two the most perfrequently cent of reported all migrants and refugees0 Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a country of origin (31%), followed by those registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant2017 increase in arrivals2018 in 2019 and have2019 registered a arriving from Iraq (21%), Afghanistan through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), (19%), Cameroon (4%) and Palestinian Land Sea Territoriessea . Forty per(4%). cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the Thethe Syrianprofile Arab ofRepublic registered were nationalitiesthe second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is Figure 13: Nationality breakdown of Figure 14: Nationality breakdown of started(14%), followedchanging by in those the arrivingsecond fromhalf Iraqof (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . 2018 when an increase in the presence registered arrivals by sea in Greece between registered arrivals by sea in Greece between Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly of Afghan nationals is observed, that January and August 2019. January and August 2018. (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the continued until the end of the year leading toEvros Afghanistan region in thebeing North the offirst Greece registered shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than nationalityof migrants (45%)group whoamong were registeredthe overall arriving from Turkey22 % 108 registered in the same period of 201821% (read more here) . arrivalsto Greece, recorded mainly inby 2018.land, were In addition of Turkish to origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq31 %

that,here) DTM. flow monitoring data from the were the main42 nationality% groups registered4% in the countries Evros region in the North Greece shows 6% in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in 4% that most of those registered arriving from 6% TurkeySpain (WMR)to Greece between by land January were ofand Turkish June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent 6% 19% origin, followed by Afghanistan, the Syrian 21% Arabmore Republic,than the Iraq9,401 and registered Pakistan. in the same period of 2017 . 1 18The% information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry Among the total registered migrants arriving to SpainAfghanistan in the Syrian Arab Republic Syrian Arab Republic Iraq of Interior . Iraq Palestinian Territories Afghanistan Cameroon first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Palestinian Territories Others and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land,Democratic mainly Republic of Congo onOthers the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 17 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

Known entry points HIGHLIGHTS According to the available data for August 2019, Lesbos, Samos and Kos (in descending order) are the main entry points for migrants who arrived in Greece by sea, similar to the previous reporting period (1-31 July). Available data indicates that the majority of those who arrived in the country by land in 2019 came from the Edirne province in Turkey to the Evros region in Greece.

MapA total 6: Main of 40,537 entry points migrants to Greece, and refugees August 2018 arrived and in 2019. Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the

B U L G A R I A June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period- A U G lastU S Tyear, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared A R R I V A L S T O G R E E C E I T A L Y Arrivals by sea 2019 ! 2019 Departure Point when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrantsG R E E C andE refugees who arrived in Spain by land 2018 By Sea By Sea Sea Route T U R K E Y 8,278 3,223 1501 - 4000 per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and Land betweenRoute January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 1001 - 1500 85 1per,0 cent71 lessBy L thanand the1,1 239,15716 By registeredLand between201 - 1000 January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal and June 20162019 . 2018 1 - 200 (8%) (see more here) . FLORINA THESSALONIKI Enez Fifty-seven perIM AcentTHIA of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Bulgaria andKOZA N GreeceI . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in Gokceada have arrivedGREBENA in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent

route leading toL ASpain,RISA and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals TRIK AL A Ayvacik rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 K ARDITSA Lesbos ARTA Ayvalik cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the Dikili reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern MediterraneanFTHIOTIDA route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as Cthehios main Foca of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), G R E E C E Psara T U R K E Y route taken by the migrants and refugees arrivingOinou sstoes Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern VOIOTIA Cesme Seferihisar Menderes between JanuaryACHAIA and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also Selcuk Kusadasi ILEIA Samos made up the majority of arrivals between January and June Soke The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 1 Agathonisi 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea ARK ADIA Didim route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 perFa rmcentakonis i Leros (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registeredME Sarrivals,SINIA followed by the Western Mediterranean Kalymnos route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . Kos A total of O 1,256rtaca migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in Symthei first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern Rhodes months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to 0 25 50 100 This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. authorities,Source Da ta Sudan : IOM, Helle nic is C oa thest Guar d firstKilom e reportedters nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . Migrantcent lower presence than the 22,899 registered in the first six months of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and Accordingin 2017 . Twenty-two to the latest per available cent ofdata all frommigrants Tableand refugees3: Types of facilitiesHerzegovina, in Greece and Albania occupancy and at Montenegro, the end August have 2019. observed a IOMregistered Athens arriving and national in Greece authorities so far crossed there into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a were an estimated 81,68312 migrants and through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as ofNumber June (read of moreaccommodated here), refugees in different accommodation Type of facilities sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413migrants registered and inrefugees 2018 facilities on the Greek mainland and islands Islands 28,150 atin thethe countryend of byAugust sea were 2019. of AnAfghan increase origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the (14%)the Syrian compared Arab Republicto the 71,804 were reported the second in mostOpen registered Accommodation 649 Facilities registered on between the mainland January and June 2017 . An19,652 increase is the(14%), previous followed reporting by those period arriving (July from 2019) Iraq (8%),UNHCR Palestinian Accommodation also observed scheme inon registered the mainland entries to Kosovo (UNSCR21,685 1244) . andTerritories a 31 per (8%), cent and increase the Democratic compared to Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly EKKA UAC 4,393 62,292(8%) . In registeredaddition to atthat, the DTM end flow of Augustmonitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Reception and Identification Centers on the 2018.Evros regionAn estimated in the North 34 per of cent Greece of people shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times284 more than mainland inof migrantsofficial (45%)reception who facilities were registered in Greece arriving at from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . theto Greece, end of mainlyAugust by 2019 land, were ofregistered Turkish originDetention (read more Centers onPakistan, the mainland Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria2,726 and Iraq inhere the) . facilities on the islands, while the Hotels in the mainlandwere the main nationality groups registered in the4,793 countries remaining 66 per cent were registered in in the region in the first half of 2019 . differentA total of types 13,263 of migrantsaccommodation and refugees facilities were registeredTotal in 81,683 andSpain shelters (WMR) on betweenthe mainland. January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government 12 Note that this figure does not include the number of Malta of self-settled migrants in Greece.

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SPAIN HIGHLIGHTS Developments during the reporting period

In August 2019, a total of 2,578 migrants Figure 15: Sea and land arrivals between January and August, comparison 2015 - 201914 andA total refugees of 40,537 arrived migrants in Spain and by refugeessea and arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in throughland, representing different landa decrease and sea ofroutes 63 perbetween January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the Junecent 2019,compared 29 per to centthe arrivalsless than in the August same period10,000 last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared 8,940 whenlast year, some when 59,446 a total sea of and 7,022 land individuals arrivals were 9,000reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain 8,000 arrived in Spain using both routes. 7,323 per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 7,022 7,000 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal The Spanish authorities have reported 6,000

thatand Junein this 2016 reporting . period (1 January 5,000 4,612 (8%) (see more here) . 3,937 – 31 August 2019), the total number of 4,000 Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants3,337 2,798 2,578

individuals that have reached Spain by sea 3,000 2,453 2,352 2,203 2,182 2,164 Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and1,972 June 2019 . Arrivals in 1,706 1,518 1,479

and land route is 19,178. The arrivals 2,000 1,409 1,366 1,342 1,284 1,036 945 934 900 802 715

have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have575 decreased by 83 per cent 512 492 458 451 417 414 registered in this period are showing a 1,000 409 280 264 243 222 44 decreaseroute leading of 43 to per Spain, cent and decrease the remaining (14,734 10 per 0cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals individualsrescued and less) brought compared to Italy to and the Malta same in their attemptJANUARY to FEBRUARYwere registered,MARCH andAPRIL are onlyMAY a fragmentJUNE of theJULY 83,752AUGUST

crossperiod the in Central2018, Mediterraneanwhen a total ofroute 33,912 . This indicates that the reported between2015 2016 January2017 and2018 June2019 2017 . Twenty-one per Easternarrivals wereMediterranean recorded. route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were DemographicWestern and the profile Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving14 toMonthly Europe breakdown forAlgeria 2015, 2016 (10%), and 2017 Iraq does (9%) not include and otherland arrivals African which andbecame Southern available only at the betweenAccording January to the andinformation June 2019 reported . by end of the year and wereAsian added countries to the yearly . (read totals instead. more here) . Tunisian nationals also the Spanish Ministry of Interior, the main made up the majority of arrivals between January and June nationalitiesThe Eastern amongMediterranean the arrivals route by seawas are:also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 Moroccoroute in the (33%), first followed six months by non-specifiedof 2018, making upFigure 42 per16: Landcent and sea arrivals registered in Spain each month, 2019. (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . ofnationals registered from arrivals, Sub-Saharan followed by thecountries Western Mediterranean 5,000 route(25%), (30%) Guinea and the(9%), Central Mali Mediterranean(9%), Côte route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in 13 d’Ivoire (6%), Algeria (7%), Senegal (5%). 508 the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic 4,000 Authorities In 2018 the most popular nationalities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448were Guineanew arrivals (18%), to GreeceMorocco, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from 486national (19%),Mediterranean Mali (16%), route Côte the d’Ivoire most active(7%) and route for3,000 arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported 379nationality at arrival otherEurope sub-Saharan in the region countries . Arrivals (10%). this year in Greece are 19 per 350 4,104 (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first2,000 six months Based on IOM estimates from DTM flow 632 2,851 monitoringof 2018 and data, 73 81 per per cent cent more of all than arrivals the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western391 Balkans, namely2,419 Bosnia and 1,000 430 2,228 byin 2017sea are. Twenty-two adult males, per 13 cent per of cent all migrantsare and refugees Herzegovina,448 Albania and Montenegro,1,340 have observed a 936 1,088 adultregistered females arriving and thein Greece remaining so 6far per crossed cent into the country significant 588increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a 0 arethrough children. land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), January February March April May June July August sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countriesSea and twenty-fourLand times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based 13and Availablethe remaining data from 21 Spanish per cent authorities (2,788) are arrivedas of by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government 20 August, 2019. of Malta

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 19 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

Figure 17: Nationality breakdown of arrivals Figure 18: Nationality breakdown of sea Figure 19: Age/Sex breakdown of sea to Spain between January and August 201915 arrivalsHIGHLIGHTS to Spain between January and August arrivals between January and August 2019, 2018. estimates based on DTM flow monitoring data.16 6% 24% 24% 19% 13% 33% A total of 40,537 migrants and33 refugees% arrived in Europe to the Spanish33% autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in 29% through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared when9 %some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported,9% 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January18% and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal 9% 169%% 81% and June 2016 . 25% (8%) (see25 more% here) . 18% Fifty-sevenMorocco per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivalsAdult of 2,779 Male migrants Morocco MoroccoMorocco Bulgaria Others and Greece from Sub . - Anothersaharan Africa 33 per cent of individualsOthers from Suband-saharan refugees Africa between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in Others from Sub-saharan Africa Adult Female Guinea Guinea have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean Guinea the first six months of 2019 have decreasedChildren by 83 per cent Mali Mali route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were Mali compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals Others Others rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are 16 only Calculation a fragment is based ofon theavailable 83,752 information for cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January anda totalJune of 2017 10,752 . Twenty-onesea arrivals (71% per of the total 15 Available data from Spanish authorities are as of of 13,326 sea arrivals registered in Spain in the Eastern20 August, Mediterranean 2019. route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in reportingthe first period). half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern Sea arrivals were also registered at the more than the sea arrivals in the same eight- betweenMain entry January points and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also Balearic Island (5%), Canary Islands (5%), month period in 2017. Based on DTM monitoring data, an made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also thethe most Region active of Valencia (3%) and to the estimated 62 per cent (1,598) of migrants 2018 (18% of the total), followedThe migrants by migrants and refugeesfrom Eritrea who1 arrived route in the first six months of 2018, making upRegion 42 per of centMurcia (1%). and refugees who arrived in Spain in August (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeriain (7%), August and Côte2019 d’Ivoireby sea (6%) travelled . in 150 thisof registered year crossed arrivals, the followed Strait byof theGibraltar Western MediterraneanSea arrivals embarkations. This is 65 embarkations more androute the (30%) Alborán and theSea Centraland disembarked Mediterranean the route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrantsthan and those refugees registered arrived in in the Malta previous in month The reported 2,228 arrivals by sea, coasts of the Region of Andalucía. Another the first half of 2019 . This andis significantly 58 less than higher in August than 2018.the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenicregistered Authorities in August 2019, are representing 18 per cent (470 individuals) reached Spain migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, makinga decreasethe Eastern of 65 per cent compared to the Since the beginning of the year, Spanish by arriving to the autonomous city of months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route forsame arrivals month to in 2018 and an increase of authorities have reported to have intercepted Melilla, out of which, 10 per cent arrived by authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greeceonly are 1 19per per cent when compared to August a total number of 620 embarkations. This land and 8 per cent by sea. In comparison 2 2017. When comparing(37%), the followedtotal number by Eritrea is (12%) 47 per and centNigeria less (8%) than . the number of withcent Melilla,lower than Ceuta the registered 22,899 registered the arrivals in ofthe first six months of sea arrivals during the first eight months embarkations registered in the same period 130of 2018 (6%) and individuals, 73 per centout of more which than 4 per the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and of the year, the reported 15,554 arrivals in last year, when a total of 1,168 embarkations centin 2017 arrived . Twenty-two by land and per 2 centper centof all by migrants sea and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a 2019 are 47 per cent less than the arrivals were reported (548 less). route.registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a in the same period in 2018 and 43 per cent through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), Figuresea . Forty 20: Seaper arrivals cent of in theSpain registered each month, population comparison that 2015 arrived – 2019. This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the9,000 Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is

(14%),8,000 followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR7,855 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly 7,000 6,926

(8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the 6,406

Evros6,000 region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to5,000 Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq 4,104 here4,000) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries 3,523 in the region in the first half of 2019 . A3,000 total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in 2,851 2,419 2,352 2,228 2,203 Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent 2,164 2,000

less than the 17,9501,400 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent 1,340 1,258 1,102 1,088 1,049 936 934 900 867 842 1 The information835 on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 715 588

1,000 575 535 512 492 458 451 417 414 409 351 280

264 on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry 243 222

Among the total registered 44 migrants arriving to Spain in the of Interior . first0 six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL 2 The informationMAY on nationalityJUNE breakdown providedJULY in this report is basedAUGUST and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

204 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

Land arrivals in Ceuta and Melilla Figure 21: Land arrivals in Ceuta and Melilla Resettlement betweenHIGHLIGHTS January and August 2018 – 2019.17 In August 2019, a total of 350 individuals Under the ongoing National Resettlement were recorded entering through the Program, in the period between January borders of Ceuta and Melilla, the two and August 2019, IOM assisted the

Spanish autonomous cities located in 3092 resettlement of 665 Syrian refugees to Northern Africa. 2,903 Spain. A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in throughOf the total,different 93 landborder and crossings sea routes were between January and the North of Africa . AccordingThis Resettlement to available program data from is the second Juneregistered 2019, in29 Ceutaper cent (27%) less thanand the samerest period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior,one Moroccothat the is Spanish the first Government declared has when257 (73%) some 59,446in Melilla. sea Landand land arrivals arrivals this were reported, 1483 60 origin country of migrants entrustedand refugees to IOM. who Thearrived program in Spain is financed month represent a decrease of 76 per by the Spanish Ministry of Labour, Migration per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed cent compared to the same month last 721 and Social Security and the Spanish Ministry 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal year, when a total of 616 arrivals were of Interior apprehendedand June 2016 by . the Spanish authorities. (8%) (see more here) . From the beginning of the first Resettlement TheFifty-seven overall pernumber cent ofof landall arrivals arrivals were (3,624) registered in Cyprus,CEUTA ItalianMELILLA authorities reportedProgram the arrivals which ofinitiated 2,779 in migrants June 2016, and inBulgaria this reporting and Greece period . Another (1 January 33 per– 31 cent of individuals and refugees between Januaryuntil the and end June of 2019August . Arrivals 2019, inIOM has Augusthave arrived 2019) in shows Europe a decreasethrough theof 21Western per Mediterranean 2018 the first2019 six months of 2019assisted have the decreased resettlement by 83 to per Spain cent of 2,103 centroute when leading compared to Spain, toand the the same remaining period 10 per cent were compared to the same periodSyrian of refugees. 2018 when 16,577 arrivals rescuedin 2018 (951and broughtarrivals less).to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 17 Source: DTM Flow Monitoring Registry. cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between JanuaryFigure and 22:June Resettlements 2017 . Twenty-one to Spain, per 2016 – 2019. Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were WesternMap 7: Main and departurethe Central and Mediterranean arrival points in routesSpain, inas August the main 2018 and 2019.of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern - AU G U S T F R A N C E A R R I V A L S T O S P A I N Puerto Lanzarote Cala S P A I N ! 2018 Departure Point de los between January and JuneAr r2019ivals by s e. a 2019 2 Asian countries B. inia (readncolla more here) . Tunisian nationals also by land 2018 Cristianos Cabo Ses 289 6,406 ! 2019 Departure Point 2,228 By Sea 501 - 1250 Salines Sea Route madeFuerteven tuupra the majority of arrivals between January and June 211 - 500 S'Estanyol The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most activeM O R O C C O Arguineguín Formentera 350 By Land 616 71 - 210 Land Route A L G E R I A 1 2018 (18% Cofap M arthetinet total), followed by migrants from Eritrea route2 0in1 9the first20 1six8 months1 - 70 of 2018, making up 42 1 per cent 1 Cala Olivera - Ibiza 2 1,071 (15%), Sudan (9%), NigeriaResettled (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . Cala Ambolo-Xabia-Alicante of registered arrivals, followed by the WesternCI U D AMediterraneanD RE AL persons to ALB AC E T E Benidorm B ADAJOZ El Campello Spain route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total ofCabo de 1,256 la Huerta migrants and refugees 78 arrived in Malta in

Elche-Alicante P O R T U G A L the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 CÓR D OB A JA ÉN Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities Torrevieja MU RC I A migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first665 six reported 18,448 new arrivals to GreeceS P A I N, making the Eastern Cartagena HUELVA months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route theSE V I L mostL A active route for arrivals to

GR AN ADA ALM ER Í A authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 Aperlmería Motril 2 Caleta (37%), followed by Eritrea (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . MÁL AG A cent lower than the 22,899 registered in dthee Vélez first six months 0 500 1,000 1,500 Cádiz C ÁD I Z of 2018 and 73 per cent more thanMá lag thea 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and Algeciras in 2017 . Twenty-twoEl Palma r per cent of all migrants and Alrefugeesborán Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a Playa de Tarifa Barbate Island 2016 2017 2018 2019* Zahora Estrecho registered arriving in Greece so Cfareuta crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), Islas A L G E R I A * As of August 31. sea . Forty per cent of theM O RregisteredO C C O populationAlhucemas that arrivedChafarin as This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018

Bouyafar 0 37.5 75 150 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . NationalsMelilla from in allKilo mthreeeters countries and twenty-four times higher than the theTh is mSyrianap is for illustrat ionArab purposes only . NRepublicames and boundaries o n thwereis map do not imtheply officia l esecondndorsement or acce ptamostnce by IOM. S ourregisteredce Data : IOM, Spanish Auth orities, Salvamento Mar649itimo, Esri, HregisteredERE, Garmin, (c) OpenStree tMbetweenap contributors January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 21 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019 MALTA Developments during the reporting periodHIGHLIGHTS During the reporting period (1 – 31 August 2019), 662 migrants disembarked in Malta. Figure 23: Arrivals in Malta, January – August The disembarkations were the result of at least 4 rescue operations coordinated by the 2019. Armed Forces of Malta (AFM) and of some others carried out by NGOs operating in the

Central Mediterranean. Arrivals in August 2019 are more than the double of 307 reported 662

Athe total previous of 40,537 month migrants (1 – 31 andJuly 2019). refugees This arrived is the in highest Europe amount recordedto the Spanish for a monthautonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla599 in throughso far in different2019. August land 2018and seawas routes also the between highest January recorded and month forthe that North year, ofwith Africa 451 . According to available data from the recorded arrivals. In particular, 355 migrants were transferred from the Ocean Viking vessel June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared of the NGO SOS Mediterranée, by the AFM on August 23; Maltese authorities confirmed

when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived376 in Spain that disembarked migrants will be relocated in other European countries (more here). per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 307 85As perper cent data less provided than the by 239,157 the Maltese registered Ministry between for HomeJanuary Affairs byand Guinea National (13%), Security Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal (MHAS), a total of 2,245 migrants arrived in Malta in the first eight months of 2019. This and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . 188 is three times more than the arrivals registered in the first eight months of 2018 (714).18 Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants 64

According to available data for 2018, the first arrivals in 2018 were reported in June, with a 49 Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in group of 235 migrants disembarked in Malta from MV Lifeline. The total number of arrivals havein Malta arrived in 2018 in Europe reached through 1,445 bythe the Western end of Mediterraneanthe year.19 Total arrivalsthe in firstMalta six in 2019months so of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals MAY far have exceed the yearly totals registered since 2013. JULY JUNE rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment ofAPRIL the 83,752 MARCH AUGUST

cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January andJANUARY June 2017 . Twenty-one per Figure 24: Arrivals in Malta, 2013 – 2019. FEBRUARY Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%),

route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria 2,245 (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern

between January and2,008 June 2019 . Asian countries . (read moreAccording here) . Tunisianto the nationalsavailable alsodata from made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active national authorities, in the first 8 months of 2018 (18% of the total), followed2019 Sudan by migrantsis the most from frequent Eritrea reported1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent 1,445 (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean country of nationality at arrival (29%), followed by Eritrea20 (8%), Nigeria (5%) route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in and many other countries of Africa and the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities Asia. Most disembarked migrants are adult 569 migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern males (71%), followed children (about 26%) months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to and adult females (3%). Half of all children

106 authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival21 24 Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 20 per is reported to be unaccompanied. (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019* of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and in*Monthly 2017 breakdown. Twenty-two for previous per centyears wasof notall migrantsavailable. and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), Figuresea . Forty 25: Arrivals per cent in Maltaof the by registered nationality, population Jan- Figure that arrived26: Age/Sex Thisbreakdown is 36 per ofcent sea more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 Augin the 2019. country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationalsarrivals fromin Malta betweenin all three January countries and and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second mostAugust registered 2019 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo9% In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly Sudan (8%) . In addition to that, DTM29% flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of GreeceEritrea* shows that the18% majority reporting of 496Adult migrants Male as of June, five times more than Nigeria Adult Female 51%of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . Morocco Accompanied Children to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin 3(read% more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq Côte d'Ivoire UASC* here) . 8% were the main nationality groups registered in the countries Others in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants5% and refugees were registered in 4% 70% Spain (WMR) between3% January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent * The information on nationality breakdown 20 The information on nationality breakdown moreprovided than isthe based 9,401 on theregistered nationality indeclared the same by period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdownprovided provided in this report in this is report based ison based the nationality Amongmigrants the as total reported registered by the Maltese migrants authorities. arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrantsdeclared as reported by migrants by theas reportedItalian Ministry by the Maltese of Interior . authorities. first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality21 breakdown Information provided on sex in thisand report age is isavailable based only for and18 the As per remaining IOM estimates. 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrantsarrivals as since reported late Juneby the 2019 Government (919 individuals, or 19 As per IOM estimates. of Malta 41% of all arrivals registered in 2019).

224 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019 CYPRUS Developments during the reporting HIGHLIGHTS period

In August 2019, 413 arrivals were recorded The Syrian Arab Republic and Cameroon Available data from Cyprus authorities in Cyprus, which represents an 31 per represent the most frequently reported shows that the great majority of irregular cent decrease from the 600 registered in country of origin of migrants arriving in arrivals continue to arrive overland via the Athe total previous of 40,537 reporting migrants period and (1- refugees 31 July arrivedCyprus in Europe since the beginningto the Spanish of the autonomous year Green enclaves Line of from Ceuta the and northern Melilla in part of through2019). different land and sea routes between(35% January and 13%and respectively).the North The remaining of Africa . Accordingthe island. to availableFrom the data beginning from theof the year SinceJune 2019,the 29beginning per cent of less 2019 than (January-the same period52 per last cent year, is distributedSpanish among Ministry more than of Interior, 2019, Morocco only 63 is registered the first migrants declared out of 22 August),when some a total59,446 of sea4,926 and migrantsland arrivals and were 50reported, different 60 nationalityorigin groups:country Pakistanof migrants 4,926and refugees arrived bywho sea. arrived in Spain refugeesper cent lessare thanreported the 105,884 to have arrivals arrived registered in (12%), in 2017 Bangladesh and (11%),between Georgia January (5%) and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed and others (24%). Most of the registered 85Cyprus. per cent This less amount than theis more 239,157 than registered double between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal arrivals are adult males (70%), followed by andthe Junetotal 2016arrivals . registered for the same (8%) (see more here) . 22 Data on arrivals in Cyprus have been revised from adult females (14%) and children (16%). period last year. previous months, to be in line with new updated Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported thedata provided arrivals by of Cyprus 2,779 authorities. migrants Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019Figure have 28: decreasedNationality bybreakdown 83 per centof arrivals Figure 27: Arrivals in Cyprus between January and August, comparison 2017 – 2019. route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same periodin Cyprus of 2018 between when January 16,577 and arrivals August 2019. rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752

cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the4,926 reported between January and June24 2017% . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%),35 % route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern 5%

between January and June 2019 . 2,307 Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route1,460 was also the most active 11% 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent 13% (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte 12d’Ivoire% (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants andSyrian refugees Arab Republic arrived in MaltaCameroon in ARRIVALS the first half of 2019 . This is significantlyPakistan higher than theBangladesh 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities Georgia Others 2017 2018 2019 migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival MapEurope 8: Accommodationin the region . Arrivals facility withthis informationyear in Greece on occupancy, are 19 per August 2019. Figure 29: Gender/Sex breakdown of arrivals (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months in Cyprus between January and August 2019. ofC Y 2018P R U S and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported AuthoritiesP R E S E N T M I G inR A theN T S Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and M i g r a n t P r e s e n c e 222 e n d o f AU G 2 0 1 9 16% in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the14% 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registeredAM M OC H O STOS 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase 70is % (14%), followed by those arriving fromKERYN EIraqIA (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly Adult Male (8%) . In addition to that, DTML EflowFKOSIA monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Adult Female Evros region in the North of Greece shows that theL A R N AmajorityK A reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than C Y P R U S Children of migrants (45%) who were registered arrivingKofinou Rfromeception C Turkeyentre 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . PAFOS 222 | 400 to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish !origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . LE M E S O S were the main nationality Migrantgroups registered presence in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in At the end of August 2019, 222 migrants and asylum seekers were accommodated Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per centBriti sh Sovereign Base Area United Nations Buffer Zone in the Kofinou Reception Facility in Cyprus, less! Ope n thanReception Ce thenter 17,950! Closed Re registeredception Center in! #O 2018,pen Receptio n andCenter, T ra 41nsit Po int per cent# Trans it Point ! Alternative Accommodation Facility Number of Present Migrants | Capacity Legend LLeeggeenndd 0 5 10 20 slightly more than the 214 reported at the moreThis map is f orthan illustration p urtheposes on ly.9,401 Names and bou nregistereddaries on this map do not im pinly off icitheal endors emsameent or accepta ncperiode by IOM. Sourc e Dofata : IO2017M, Esri, HERE , . Garmin, (c) OpenStree1tMa p contriThebutors informationKilometers on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based end of the previous reporting period (31 Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . July 2019). first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

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BULGARIA HIGHLIGHTS Developments during the reporting period

In August 2019, Bulgarian authorities Between January and August 2019, Figure 31: Nationality breakdown of migrants Aapprehended total of 40,537 315 irregular migrants migrants, and refugees 8 per arrivedauthorities in Europe registeredto the aSpanish total autonomous of registered enclaves at ofentry Ceuta in Bulgaria and Melilla in 2019. in throughcent more different than the land 293 andreported sea routes previous between 1,444 January irregular and migrants.the North Number of Africa of . According to available data from the Junemonth 2019, (July 29 2019), per cent24 perless centthan lessthe thansame periodapprehensions last year, this yearSpanish is 14 Ministry per cent of Interior, Morocco is the first declared 26% 26% whenthe 414 some reported 59,446 in sea August and land 2018 arrivals and 1were higherreported, than 60 the 1,266origin registered country ofin migrantsthe and refugees who arrived in Spain per cent more than the 311 registered in per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registeredsame in 2017 period and of 2018between and 17 January per centand June 2019 (33% of the total), followed August 2017. 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered betweenlower Januarythan the 1,733 byregistered Guinea by(13%), the endMali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal of August 2017. andOf Junethese, 2016 the . number of migrants (8%) (see more here) . apprehended inside the country has According to available data from the Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the8% arrivals of 2,779 migrants decreased from 211 to 203 between July Bulgarian Ministry of Interior, 26 per cent of andBulgaria August and 2019, Greece while . Another the number 33 per of cent ofmigrants individuals and refugees andregistered refugees in 2019 between on January and June 2019 . Arrivals22 % in 8% migrantshave arrived apprehended in Europe throughon exit thefrom Western the Mediterraneanentry from Turkey werethe fromfirst Afghanistan,six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent countryroute leading has increasedto Spain, fromand the 63 remainingin July to 10 perfollowed cent were by those comparedfrom Iraq to the(22%), same period of 2018 when10 %16,577 arrivals rescued82 in August. and brought In addition, to Italy 13 and individuals Malta in theirTurkey attempt (10%), to the Islamicwere Republic registered, of Iran and are only a fragmentAfghanistan of the 83,752 crosswere theapprehended Central Mediterranean on arrival from route Greece . This indicates(8%), thatthe theSyrian Arabreported Republic between (8%) and January and June Iraq2017 . Twenty-one per Easterngiving a totalMediterranean of 109 irregular route migrants continues who to surpassothers both (26%). the Nationalscent from of migrants Afghanistan registered in the firstTurkey half of the year were Westerncrossed the and Greek the Central– Bulgarian Mediterranean border since routes are as the mainbiggest groupof also Tunisian among origin, those followed by thosethe from Islamic Pakistan Republic of (15%), Iran the beginning of the year.23 route taken by the migrants and refugees arrivingapprehended to Europe within theAlgeria country (10%), since Iraq the (9%) and otherSyrian African Arab andRepublic Southern between January and June 2019 . beginning of the yearAsian (59%), countries followed . (readby more here) . Others Tunisian nationals also nationals from the Syrian Arab Republic made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the(15%) most andactive other nationalities (26%). 2018 (18% of the total), followedFigure 32 :by Nationality migrants breakdownfrom Eritrea of 1migrants route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeriaapprehended (7%), and Côte within d’Ivoire Bulgaria (6%) between . ofFigure registered 30: Number arrivals, of followedirregular migrants by the Western apprehended Mediterranean in Bulgaria each month, comparison January and August 2019. route2017 (30%)– 2019. and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities 4500 migrants reported to have arrived26 % in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern 4022 4000 months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to 3500 authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per 3000 (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . 2500cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months 59% 2000of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and 1436 1328 1236

1500in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and1201 refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a 15%

1000registered arriving in Greece so far crossed725 into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a 596 524 450 414 330 318 315 311 293 280 263

500 209 162 158 150 132 through land routes, and the remaining 78 129 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), 99 102 81 72 65 60 55 50 48 0sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413Afghanistan registered in 2018 in theJANUARY countryFEBRUARY by sea wereMARCH of AfghanAPRIL origin . NationalsMAY fromJUNE in JULYall three AUGUSTcountries and twenty-four timesSyrian higher Arab Republic than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June Others2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving2016 from2017 Iraq (8%),2018 Palestinian2019 also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018,Migrant 80 per centpresence of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the An estimated 586 migrants and asylum Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than seekers were accommodated in different of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the samereception period of facilities 2018 (read in Bulgaria more hereat the) . end of to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, SyrianAugust, Arab occupyingRepublic, Algeriaaround and 10 Iraqper cent of here) . were the main nationality thegroups overall registered capacity in (5,940). the countries This represents in the region in the first halfa five of 2019 per . cent decrease compared to the A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in 614 reported at the end of the previous Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent reporting period (July 2019), and 41 per less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent cent less than the 999 reported at the end more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationalityof breakdown August 2018.provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry 23 This figure is not added to the total of arrivals to of Interior . firstavoid six potentialmonths doubleof 2019, counting 79 perconsidering cent (10,475) that arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and thesethe remainingmigrants might 21 haveper beencent already (2,788) counted arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government as arrivals in Greece. of Malta

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Table 4: Reception facilities in Bulgaria with informationHIGHLIGHTS on occupancy and capacity, as of the end of August 2019.

Accommodation facility Capacity Currently Accommodated Facilities run by the State Agency for Refugees24 AOpen total Reception of 40,537 Centre migrants in Banya and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves70 of Ceuta and Melilla7 in throughOpen Receptiondifferent landCentre and in seaPastrogor routes between January and the North of Africa . According320 to available data from0 the JuneOpen 2019, Reception 29 per Centrecent less in Sofiathan the– Ovchasame periodKupel last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior,860 Morocco is the first 116 declared when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain Open Reception Centre in Sofia - Vrazhdebna 370 99 per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 85Open per centReception less than Centre the 239,157 in Sofia registered – Voenna between Rampa January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%),800 Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal62 andClosed June Reception2016 . Centre in Harmanli (8%) (see more here) . 2,710 106 Fifty-sevenClosed Reception per cent Centre of all arrivals in Sofia were - Busmantsi registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported 60 the arrivals of 2,779 migrants5 BulgariaFacilities and run Greeceby the Ministry. Another of 33Interior per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in haveClosed arrived Reception in Europe Centre through in Lyubimets the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019350 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals Closed Reception Centre in Busmantsi 400 19125 rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 Closed Reception Centre in Elhovo (temporarily closed due to renovation) N/A cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per EasternTo t a l Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered 5,940in the first half of the year586 were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern 24between25 January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also Map 9: Accommodation facilities in Bulgaria with information on occupancymade and capacity,up the majority August 2019. of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of BregisteredU L G A arrivals,R I A followed by the Western Mediterranean P R E S E N T M I G R A N T S routeM i g(30%)r a n tand P ther e sCentrale n c e Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants 5 and8 refugees6 arrivede n d o inf MaltaA U G in2 0 1 9 the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern R O M A N I A months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (37%), followedSE VER byEN Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months TSENTRA LEN of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and

in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania S andEV E R Montenegro,O IZTOCH EN have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far ScrossedEVERO ZintoAPA DtheEN country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a throughS landE R B routes,I A and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 Vrazhdebna Voenna Rampa in the country by sea were of Afghan99 | 37 0origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the 62 | 800 !! Banya !!! Busmantsi the Syrian Arab RepublicOvc hawere Kupe lthe second most registered7 | 70 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is YUGOZ APAD5 E| N460 ! (14%), followed by those116 |arriving 860 from Iraq (8%), PalestinianB U L G AalsoR I observedA YUG inO registeredIZTOCHEN entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly Elhovo (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported,! which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than YUZHEN Lubimets Harmanli ! of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from TurkeyTSENT RA LEN 108 registered! 350 in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . 106 | 2,710 ! to Greece,N O mainlyR T H by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq hereM) . A C E D O N I A were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half Tof U2019R K . E Y A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees wereG R registeredE E C E in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent

more! Op ethann Rece pthetion C9,401enter registered! Clo sined Rtheecep tsameion Cen tperioder of! 2017#Ope n. Reception 1C enteTher, Tr ainformationnsit Point on nationality# Trans ibreakdownt Point provided! Al tiner nthisativ ereport Accom ism obaseddation Facility AmongNumber theof Pr etotalsent M igregisteredrants | Capacit ymigrants arrivingL etog Spainend in the on the nationalityLLe edeclaredggeenn dbyd migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . 0 20 40 80 This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. Source Data : IOM, Esri, HERE, Garmin, © OpenStreetMap contributors Kilometers first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based 24and Asthe of remainingAugust 29. 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government 25 As of August 25.. of Malta

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 25 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

TRANSITHIGHLIGHTS COUNTRIES CROATIA Developments during the reporting Figure 34: Nationality breakdown of irregular A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in period migrants apprehended in Croatia between through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . AccordingJanuary toand available August 2019. data from the June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared Based on available data from the Croatian Afghanistan (20%) and Pakistan (20%) whenMinistry some of 59,446Interior, sea a and total land ofarrivals 2,289 were arereported, the most 60 commonorigin origin country countries of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain perirregular cent lessmigrants than the were 105,884 apprehended arrivals registered in reported in 2017 andby registered between migrants January in 2019 and so June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 37% 20% 85August per cent2019, less which than isthe nine 239,157 per cent registered more betweenfar, followed January by Turkeyby (8%),Guinea Algeria (13%), (8%) Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal andthan June the 2016 2,100 . apprehended previous and Iraq (7%). The remaining(8%) (see 37 more per here cent) . month. The number of apprehensions in of intercepted migrants were registered Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants August this year is over four times the 546 as nationals of more than 40 different Bulgariareported andin August Greece 2018 . Another and more 33 per than cent ofnationality individuals groups. Comparedand refugees to the between same January and June 2019 . Arrivals in havetwelve arrived times inmore Europe than through the 189 the recorded Western Mediterraneanperiod last year, we observethe first an six increase months in of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent in August 2017. route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 perPakistan cent wereand decreasecompared in Kosovo to (UNSCR the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals 20% rescuedBetween and January brought andto ItalyAugust and Malta2019, in their1244) attempt and to Islamic Republicwere registered, of Iran andas are only a fragment of the 83,752 crossauthorities the Central in Croatia Mediterranean apprehended route a total. This indicatesreported that nationalities.the reported between January and June7% 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half8% of the year8% were of 11,542 irregular migrants, over three Based on available data, 28 per cent of Westerntimes the and 3,608 the apprehended Central Mediterranean in the same routes migrants as the main apprehended of Tunisianin August origin, 2019 followed by those from Pakistan (15%), routeperiod taken last year by theand migrants nearly seven and refugeestimes the arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern were detected in the Primorsko-Goranska Afghanistan between1,669 registered January at and the June end 2019of August . 2017. county on the way toAsian the Slovenian countries border, . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also Moreover, the number of apprehensions followed by 21 per centmade in Karlovacup the majoritycounty of arrivals betweenPakistan January and June Thethis yearEastern so far Mediterranean is over four times route the was 2,479 also the most active connecting Bosnia and2018 Herzegovina (18% of the with total), followed by migrantsTurkey from Eritrea1 routeregistered in the in firstthe whole six months of 2017 of and 2018, already making up 42 per cent Slovenia, and 10 per cent(15%), exiting Sudan Medimurje (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of43 registered per cent arrivals,more of followed the 8,092 by registeredthe Western Mediterraneancounty (also bordering Slovenia). Algeria routebetween (30%) January and theand Central December Mediterranean 2018. route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrivedIraq in Malta in the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in MaltaOthers in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to Figure 33: Number apprehended migrants in Croatia each month, 2017-2019.authorities, Sudan is the firstFigure reported35: Nationality nationality breakdown at arrivalof irregular Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per migrants apprehended in Croatia between (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months January and August 2018. 2,500of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and 2289

in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina,2100 Albania and Montenegro, have observed a 2,000registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a 22% 37%

through land routes, and the remaining 78 per1,560 cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), 1,493

1,500sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived 1,358 This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 1,279 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the 1,000the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is 732 (14%), followed731 by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . 546 542

510 13% 468 420 395 Territories385 (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly 500 342 254 235 228 225 189 187 183 (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the 168 arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June,8% five times more than 0 10% of migrantsJANUARY (45%)FEBRUARY who wereMARCH registeredAPRIL arriving fromMAY TurkeyJUNE 108JULY registeredAUGUST in the same period of 2018 (read10% more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . 2017 2018 2019 were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . Afghanistan A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent Turkey less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent Islamic Republic of Iran more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reportedKosovo by the Italian (UNSCR Ministry 1244) of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown providedPakistan in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta Others

264 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

Map 10: Apprehensions in Croatia by county between Migrant presence January and August 2019. HIGHLIGHTS By the end of August 2019, a total of 417 asylum seekers were

A R R I V A L S T O R E G I S T E R E D A R R I VA L S accommodated in reception centres in Croatia, which is 47 per C R O A T I A 11,542 1 J a n - 3 1 A u g 2 0 1 9 cent more than the 283 reported at the end of July 2019. In particular, 355 migrants and asylum seekers were accommodated in open reception centre in Zagreb, 48 were accommodated in A U S T R I A A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to theopen Spanish reception autonomous centres enclavesin Kutina ofand Ceuta 14 in and the Melillaclosed inreception through different land and sea routes betweenH U NJanuaryG A R Y and the Northcentre ofin Ježevo. Africa . Accommodated According to available asylum dataseekers from were the of Iraqi, M E D I M U R S K A June 2019, 29 per cent less thanVA RA Z DtheIN S K A same period last year, SpanishIrani, Ministry Syrian, Turkish, of Interior, Afghani, Morocco and Ukranian is the firstorigin. declared when some 59,446 sea and landKOPR I VarrivalsN IC KO - K RwereI ZE VAC Kreported,A 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain S L O V E N I A KR A P I N S KO -Z AG OR S K A Table 5: Reception facilities in Croatia with information on per cent less than the 105,884G RAarrivalsD registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed ZAG REB V I ROV IT I C KO- PO D RAV S K A S E R B I A BJE LOVARS KO-BILOGOR SKA occupancy and capacity as of the end of August 2019. 85 per cent less than the 239,157Z AG RE B AregisteredCK A between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal C R O A T I A O S J E C KO - B A R A N J S K A and June 2016 . POZ ES KO -SL AVO NSK A (8%) (see more here) . PR I M O R S KO - GO R A N S K A S I S A C KO - M O S L AVA C K A Accommodation Capacity Number of K A RLOVA C K A Fifty-sevenI S TA R S K A per cent of all arrivals were registeredBRO D SK Oin- P O S ACyprus,VS K A Italianfacility authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779accommodated migrants

Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individualsV UKOVAR S KO -SR I J EM S K Aand refugees between January and June 2019 migrants . Arrivals inand have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased byasylum 83 per seekerscent L IC K O - S E N J S K A route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were comparedOpen to Reception the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were Centre registered, for Asylum and are only a400 fragment (600)* of the 83,752355 Z A DA R S K A B O S N I A A N D Seekers in Zagreb cross the Central Mediterranean route . ThisH indicatesE R Z E G O VthatI N A the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Open Reception Eastern Mediterranean routeSIBE NS KOcontinues- KNI NS KA to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Centre for Asylum 100 48 Western and the Central MediterraneanSP LI TS KO-DALMAT INS KA routes as the main of TunisianSeekers origin, in Kutina followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern Closed Reception between January and June 2019 . Asian Centre countries for . Foreigners (read more here) . 90 Tunisian nationals also14 made up the majority of arrivals between January and June M O N T E N E G R O (Ježevo) The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 1 DU B ROVA C KO- NE R E T VA N S K A 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent Total 590 (790) 417 (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean *Maximum capacity is 600 but it is undergoing renovation. route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in I T A L Y the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities Percentage of Registered Arrivals by County migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to GreeceSource Data : IOM, ,N amakingtional Authorities, Ethesri, HERE , EasternGarmin, © OpenSt reetMap contributors No Data < 300 < 700 < 2,000 < 4,500 Legend LLeeggeenndd 0 25 50 10months0 of 2018 . According to the available data from national MediterraneanThis map is for illustration purpos es routeonly. Names a nd theboundar ies moston this map do activenot imply offici al e routendorsement o r a forcceptan ce arrivalsby IOM. Kilomete rs to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per Map 11: Accommodation facilities in Croatia with information on occupancy(37%), and capacityfollowed as by of Eritrea 2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . centAugust lower 2019. than the 22,899 registered in the first six months of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and inC 2017R O A T. Twenty-twoI A per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina,P R E S AlbaniaE N T M I G andR A N T Montenegro,S have observed a registeredM i g r a n t arrivingP r e s e ninc eGreece so far crossed into the country significant417 increasee n d o f in A UarrivalsG 2 0 1 9 in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and theA U SremainingT R I A 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registeredRe cpopulationeption Center for that arrived H U N GThisA R Y is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 International Protection SeekVeArRsA ZDINSK A in Zagreb (RCIPS ZG) Detention Center for in the country by sea were ofS L AfghanO V E N I Aorigin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the 355 | 600 Foreigners Ježevo R O M A N I A the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most! ! 14registered | 100 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is C R O A T I A (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian! OS JEC KO - B A RalsoAN J S K A observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . ISTAR SK A SISACKO-MOSL4AV8A C| K1A00 Territories (8%), and the DemocraticKAR LO RepublicVACK A of Re Congoception Cen ter for In the! second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data Ifromnternatio ntheal Pr otection Seekarrivalsers were reported, which continued into 2019 with the in Kutina (RCIPS KT)

Evros region in the North of Greece showsLICKO -SEN JSthatK A the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . S E R B I A B O S N I A A N D Z ADARSK A to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (readH moreE R Z E G O V I N APakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of I13,263T A L Y migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent

less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent M O N T E N E G R O K O S O V O 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . ( S C R 1 2 4 4 ) Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of InteriorA L B A . N I A N O R T H M A C E D O N I A first! Open Rsixecep tionmonths Center of !2019,Closed R ece79ptio n Cperenter cent (10,475)! #Open Recep tioarrivedn Center, Tra nsibyt Po inseat # Tran2sit Point The information! Alternative Aoncco mnationalitymodation Facility breakdown provided in this report is based Number of Present Migrants | Capacity Legend LLeeggeenndd and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared0 30 6by0 migrants120 as reported by the Government This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. Source Data : IOM, Esri, HERE, Garmin, (c) OpenStreetMap contributors Kilometers of Malta

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 27 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

Figure 37: Nationality breakdown of migrants ROMANIA HIGHLIGHTS apprehended between January and August 2019. Developments during the reporting period 14%

In August 2019, Romanian authorities apprehended a total of 88 migrants and asylum 8% seekers, 60 per cent more than the previous month when 55 migrants were apprehended, 45% andA total 42 per of 40,537cent less migrants than August and refugees 2018 when arrived 151 in migrants Europe were apprehended.to the Spanish For autonomous this enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in month,through 83 different apprehensions land and were sea on routes exit frombetween the countryJanuary andand five werethe on North entry. of Between Africa . According8 % to available data from the JanuaryJune 2019, and 29August per cent2019, less there than have the been same 446 period migrants last year,and asylum seekersSpanish apprehended, Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared of which 342 (77%) were apprehended on exit from the country, mainly towards Hungary when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees11% who arrived in Spain (Arad,per cent Timis less and than Satu-Mare the 105,884 county) arrivals and registered the remaining in 2017 104 and (24%) werebetween intercepted January entering and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed from Bulgaria (Giurgiou). 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire14 (8%)% and Senegal Theand numberJune 2016 of . apprehended migrants so far this year (446) has decreased(8%) ( seeby 23more per here cent) . Iraq compared to the same period last year when 577 individuals were apprehended on entry Syrian Arab Republic andFifty-seven exit to perthe centcountry of alland arrivals is 72 wereper cent registered less than in Cyprus,the estimated 1,591Italian apprehended authorities in reported the arrivalsAfghanistan of 2,779 migrants theBulgaria same andperiod Greece of 2017, . Another since DTM 33 perflow cent monitoring of individuals activities were andactivated refugees in April. between26 January and the June Islamic 2019 Republic . Arrivals of Iran in have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreasedTurkey by 83 per cent routeFigure leading36: Registered to Spain, irregular and themigrants remaining in Romania 10 per each cent month, were 2018 – 2019.compared to the same period of 2018Others when 16,577 arrivals rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 Figure 38: Age/sex breakdown of apprehended cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per migrants between January and August 2019.

160 151 Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were

Western140 and the Central Mediterranean routes128 as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those 18 from% Pakistan (15%), route120 taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern

100 88

between January and June 2019 . 83 Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also 79 80 76 made up the majority of arrivals between January and June

59 14% 55 The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 55 1 49

60 47 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea

route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent 38 33 40 33 (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . 26 of registered arrivals, followed23 by the Western Mediterranean 68% route20 (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in 0 the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 BetweenJANUARY JanuaryFEBRUARY and JuneMARCH 2019, HellenicAPRIL AuthoritiesMAY JUNE JULY AUGUST migrants reported to have arrived in MaltaAdult in males the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available dataAdult from females national Mediterranean route the most active 2018 route for2019 arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationalityChildren at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per Map 12: Accommodation facilities in Romania with information on occupancy(37%), followed and capacity, by Eritrea 2According (12%) and to Nigeria the available(8%) . data for this cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months August 2019. year so far, 27 nationals of Iraq made up the of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and biggest group (45%), followed by those inR O2017M A N . ITwenty-twoA per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina,P R E S E N T M I G R AlbaniaA N T S and Montenegro, have observed a M i g r a n t P r e s e n c e 341 e n d o f J U L 2 0 1 9 from the Syrian Arab Republic (14%), registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivalsAfghanistan in 2019 (11%), and have the registeredIslamic Republic a of throughS L O V A landK I A routes, and the remainingU K R A I N78E per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugeesIran (8%), as of Turkey June (read (8%), more and othershere), (14%).

sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that! BarrivedOTOSANI This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 Somcuta Mare Radauti R E P U B L I C O F Out of 446 migrants registered between SATU-MARE M3A6 R| 2A0M0 URES 51 | 150 in the country by sea were of Afghan! origin . NationalsSUCEAVA from M O L D OinV Aall three countries and twenty-four times higher than the H U N G A R Y January and August 2019, 69 per cent the Syrian Arab Republic were the secondBISTRITA-NASA UmostD registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is SALAJ IA SI were adult males, 14 per cent adult females (14%), followed by thoseBIH arrivingOR from Iraq (8%), PalestinianNEAMT also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . CLUJ and 18 per cent children. MURES Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo VASLUI In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly Arad BACAU HARGHITA 10A | R2A06D Migrant presence (8%) . In addition to !that, DTM flowAL B A monitoringR O MdataA N fromI A the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the GALATI Evros region in the North of Greece showsSIBIU that theCOVA SmajorityNA reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than ! BRA SOV VRAN CE A TIMIS HU NE DOAR A Galati At the end of August, there were 331 Timisoara 51 | 210 of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from BTurkeyUZ AU ! 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . 21 | 6C0ARAS-SEVERIN VALCEA migrants and asylum seekers registered toC R O AGreece,T I A mainly by land, were of TurkishA originRGES (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq GORJ PRAHOVA BRAILA TULCEA as residing in state-run accommodation here) . Otopeni were the main nationality facilities,groups registered3 per cent in the less countries than the 341 DAMBOVITA IALOMITA S E R B I A 28 | 132 !ILFOV MEHEDINTI OLT ! Bucharest in the region in the first half of 2019 . CALARASI reported at the end of July 2019, and 19 A totalB O S N I A of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered126 | 372 in A N D DOLJ GIURGIU H E R Z E G O V I N A Giurgiu CONSTANTA per cent less than the 410 registered at the TELEORMAN ! Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019,18 | 26170 per cent B U L G A R I A end of August 2018. Most migrants were less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent Different accommodation facilities in Pljevlja 15 | in the asylum centres located in Bucharest more! Open R ecthaneption Ce nttheer 9,401! Clos edregistered Reception Center in the! #O psameen Receptio n periodCenter, Transit Pofoint 2017# . Transit Point 1 ! TheAlterna tinformationive Accommodation Fonacilit ynationality breakdown provided in this report is based Number of Present Migrants | Capacity Legend LLeeggeenndd (108), followed by Galati (58) and Radauti on the nationality0 37.5 75 declared150 by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry AmongThis map is for illu strtheation pur pototalses only. Nam eregistereds and boundaries on this ma p migrantsdo not imply official end orarrivingsement or acceptanc e toby IOM .SpainSource Data : IOinM, Esrthei, HERE, Garmin, © OpenStreetMap contributors Kilometers of Interior . (48). first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based 26and DTMthe remainingflow monitoring 21 peris activated cent (2,788)in Romania arrived in April by2017 land, hence mainly only cumulative data onis availablethe nationality for the declaredfirst by27 migrants Data onas nationalitiesreported by arethe availableGovernment for 435 of the quarter of the year without the breakdown on the type of flows (incoming-entry/outgoing-exit).of Malta 446 registered migrants.

284 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

Figure 40: Last reported transit country by migrants registered in Serbia in August 2019. SERBIA HIGHLIGHTS 3% Developments during the reporting period 15% In August 2019, 1,644 new migrants and refugees were registered in reception centres in Serbia,28 which is a 23 per cent increase compared to the previous month (1,340 Aregistrations) total of 40,537 and a migrants79 per cent and more refugees than arrivedthe same in month Europe last year to(920). the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in throughBetween different January and land August and sea 2019, routes 8,548 between migrants January and refugees and werethe registered. North ofThis Africa is 83 . According to available data from the Juneper cent 2019, more 29 thanper centthe sameless thanperiod the in same 2018 periodwhen 4,673last year, were registeredSpanish and Ministryalmost three of Interior, Morocco is the first declared whentimes thesome 2,897 59,446 registered sea and between land arrivals January were and reported, August 2017. 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain82 % per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed According to DTM flow monitoring data, in August 2019 an estimated 82 per cent of 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal migrants arrived in Serbia from the Republic of North Macedonia (down from 85 per cent Republic of North Macedonia and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . in July), 15 per cent of migrants arrived from Bulgaria, and three per cent arrived from other Bulgaria Fifty-sevendestinations. per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivalsOthers of 2,779 migrants BulgariaIn August and migration Greece flow . Another through 33 Serbia per centhas increased, of individuals mostly with andmigrants refugees and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in havefrom arrivedPakistan in andEurope Afghanistan. through Additionally,the Western an Mediterranean increased influx of themigrants first sixand refugeesmonths of 2019Figure have 41: decreasedNationality bybreakdown 83 per centof routefrom Iraqleading and toSomalia Spain, was and recorded. the remaining The increase 10 per incent migratory were flowscompared during in theto thesummer same periodregistered of 2018 new when arrivals 16,577 between arrivals January and rescuedperiod is andrelated brought to improved to Italy weatherand Malta conditions in their attemptin the region. to were registered, and are August only a2019. fragment of the 83,752 crossOperating the Central IOM mobile Mediterranean teams continue route . This to observeindicates migrants’that the movementsreported entering between North January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per EasternMacedonia Mediterranean who remain routein reception continues centres to surpasslocated inboth the theSouth of Serbiacent onlyof migrants for few daysregistered in the first half11 %of the year were Westernbefore moving and the again Central onwards Mediterranean to the border routes with as Croatia the main or Bosnia ofand Tunisian Herzegovina origin, for followed by those2% from Pakistan (15%), route(usually) taken multiple by the attempts migrants to andcross refugees the borders arriving and to leave Europe Serbia (the Algeriaso called (10%), “the game”). Iraq (9%) and other3% African and Southern betweenApart from January going and to theJune border 2019 . areas, migrants also travel to BelgradeAsian to countriesmeet with . (readthe more here) . Tunisian nationals also other migrants also trying to cross the border on foot, hiding in busesmade or uptrains. the Despitemajority of arrivals between January and June 42% The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active increased border controls, many migrants are reported to be able to 2018exit Serbia (18% heading of the total),to followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent 17% Central and Northern European countries every day. (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean routeBetween (30%) January and theand CentralAugust 2019,Mediterranean most arrivals route were (28%) from . Pakistan (42%)A total and of Afghanistan 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in (25%), followed by arrivals from Bangladesh (17%), Iraq (3%), the Islamicthe first Republic half ofof 2019Iran . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities 25% (2%) and other countries (11%). migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the availablePakistan data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported Afghanistan nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per Figure 39: Arrivals in Serbia each month, 2017 – 2019. (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and NigeriaBangladesh (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months Iraq of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and 1,800 the Islamic Republic of Iran 1644 in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees1,642 Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, Others have observed a 1,600registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a Figure 42: Age/Sex breakdown of registered 1,400through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 1340 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), arrivals in Serbia between January and August sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018

1,200 1,103 1,081 2019. in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from 1,012 in all three countries and twenty-four times higher2% than the 928 920 3% 1,000 2% the Syrian Arab Republic were the837 second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is 782 800(14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . 582 Territories (8%), and546 the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly

600 483 427 410 (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow389 monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the 349 347 400 333 260 241 Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the224 majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than 200 163 of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 10875 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to0 Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE wereJULY the mainAUGUST nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . 93% A total of 13,263 migrants and2017 refugees were2018 registered2019 in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent Adult Male less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent Adult Female more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown providedAcc. in this Child report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 28 Data on newly registered migrants in the reception centres in Serbia is used as a proxy2 estimationThe information of the overall on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and arrivalsthe remaining in the country. 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 29 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

Nationality breakdown in all centers (including asylum Migrants presence Figure 43: Nationality breakdown in centres HIGHLIGHTS in Serbiacenters) as of 31 -AugustAugust 2019 2019 The number of migrants and refugees in Serbia on 31 August is 3,231 according to the Serbian Commissariat for Refugees and Migration (SCRM). The total number of 15% accommodated migrants in government facilities and border crossing zones is stable from the 3,202 registered at the end of July. 5% Seventy-sixA total of per 40,537 cent migrantsof migrants and and refugees refugees arrived are residing in Europe in governmental to the reception Spanish centres, autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in 42% whilethrough the differentremaining land 773 wereand sea observed routes residingbetween outside January the and official receptionthe North system: of Africa some . According to available data from the 353June in 2019, Belgrade 29 perCity cent area lessand thananother the 420-campingsame period closelast year, to borders withSpanish Croatia, Ministry Hungary of Interior,10% Morocco is the first declared andwhen Bosnia some and 59,446 Herzegovina. sea and Theland totalarrivals number were ofreported, accommodated 60 migrantsorigin countryin government of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain facilitiesper cent decreased less than thefrom 105,884 2,488 onarrivals 1 August registered to 2,454 in 2017 on 31 and August. Thebetween majority January are from and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed Afghanistan (42%), followed by migrants from Pakistan (15%), the Islamic Republic of 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal Iran (13%), Bangladesh (10%), Iraq (5%), Syrian Arab Republic (4%) and other countries. and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . 13% Most of them are male (71%), while children represent 19 per cent (6% considered to be unaccompanied)Fifty-seven per cent and offemales all arrivals are 10 were per registeredcent. in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,77915% migrants Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January andAfghanistan June 2019 . Pakistan Arrivals in have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018Iran when 16,577Bangladesh arrivals rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a Iraq fragment of theOthers 83,752 cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also Map 13: Accommodation facilities in Serbia with information on capacity andmade occupancy, up the majorityAugust 2019. of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . ofS registeredE R B I A arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean P R E S E N T M I G R A N T S routeM i g(30%)r a n tand P ther e sCentrale n c e Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants3, 2 and3 refugees1 arrivede n d o inf MaltaAU G in2 0 1 9 S L O V E N I A the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, HellenicKele bij Authoritiesa Horg os migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making 2the |# Eastern#2 | H U N G A R Y ! months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for S arrivalsubotica to Kikinda Sombor authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece! 5are6 | 11930 per 248 | 240 C R O A T I A 93 | 120 ! (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first sixVO JVmonthsODIN A of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679One S to reportedp Center A dasevci Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and Šid - Principovac Transit Reception Center 317 | 400 R O M A N I A in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all 1migrants90 | 200 ! and# refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a ! # Krnjaca registered arriving in GreeceŠid - On eso St ofarp C ecrossednter Poin tinto the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a 244 | 1000 133 | Belgrade#! through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived773 | Lbyan d total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived! B ogovadja This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 Banja Koviljaca! in the country by sea were of Afghan origin55 | 12 0. NationalsObreno fromvac 1 08 | 200 ! in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the 378 | 900 S E R B I A the Syrian Arab RepublicB O S NwereI A theA N secondD most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed byH thoseE R Z arrivingE G O V fromI N A Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo CENInT theRAL second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the SEarrivalsRBIA were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Sjenica Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrantsPirot as of June, five times more than 83 | 250 of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey! 108 registered in the79 | same200 period of 2018 (read more here) . Tutin Divljana! ! Dimitrovgrad 65 | 200 to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more! Pakistan, Afghanistan,0 | 280 !Syrian0 #| 90 Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . M O N T E N E G R O were the main nationality groups registeredB U L G inA RtheI A countries Vranje K O S O V O inB theujan oregionvac 10 2in | 2the20 first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in( S C R 1 2 4 4 ) ! ! 249 | 220 ! Bosilegrad Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 perO centne Sto p Center Preševo ! !! 54 | 60 less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41A perL B A centN I A 0 | 900N O R T H more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 MTheA C informationE D O N onI A nationality breakdown provided in this report is based ! Open Reception Center ! Closed Reception Center ! #Open Reception Center, Transit Point # Transit Point ! Alternative Accommodation Facility Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry Number of Present Migrants | Capacity Legend of Interior . LLeeggeenndd 0 30 60 120 firstThis m asixp is for monthsillustration p urofpo se2019,s only. Na m79es a ndper boun dcentaries on (10,475)this map do not imarrivedply official enbydor seseament or acceptanc2e by IOTheM. S oinformationurce Data : IOM on, Esr inationality, HERE, Garmin breakdown, (c) OpenStreet Mprovidedap contribu tinors thisKi loreportmeters is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

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SLOVENIA HIGHLIGHTS

Developments during the reporting Figure 44: Apprehensions of irregular migrants entering Slovenia each month, comparison 2017 period – 2019. A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in In August 2019, authorities in Slovenia 2500

through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the 2300 apprehended 2,300 irregular migrants, June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared which is 30 per cent more than the 1,767 when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported,2000 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain

reported in the previous month and 1767 doubleper cent the less 1,033 than reportedthe 105,884 in August arrivals 2018. registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed Between85 per cent January less than and the August 239,157 2019, registered 9,154 between1500 January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal

and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . 1217 1176 migrants were apprehended. This is almost 1158 1103 1076 1033 double the 5,375 apprehended in the same 1002 Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered1000 in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 883 2,779 migrants period last year and five times more than Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in

the 1,124 apprehended between January 573 have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent 500 and August 2017. The following highlights 326 263 244 242 237 209 route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared201 to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals 181 139

are from this reporting period (1 – 31 121 79 77 August):rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were46 registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 0 cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates thatJANUARY the FEBRUARYreported MARCHbetween JanuaryAPRIL andMAY June 2017JUNE . Twenty-oneJULY perAUGUST Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), 2017 2018 2019 route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also Between January and August 2019, the remaining originmade countries up the reported majority of arrivalsthose reported between in January the same and period June of 2018 The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active Pakistan and Algeria were the most in the top 5 nationality2018 groups (18% registered. of the total), followed(23% and by 17%migrants respectively), from Eritrea followed1 by routecommonly in the reportedfirst six monthscountries, of 2018,with making38 upOther 42 per countries cent of origin included Turkey, Afghanistan (9%), the Syrian Arab Republic (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . ofper registered cent of arrivals,individuals followed registered by the Western(24% MediterraneanIraq, the Islamic Republic of Iran and the (8%) and the Islamic Republic of Iran (5%). routeand 14% (30%) respectively). and the Central Afghanistan Mediterranean (11%), routeSyrian (28%) Arab . Republic. APakistani total of and 1,256 Algerian migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in Morocco (8%) and Bangladesh (7%) were nationals also made theup firstthe majorityhalf of 2019 of . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to 5 August - Four men from Koper have Support of migrantsauthorities, confirmed Sudan that the is the 38 first migrants reported in two nationality vehicles in theat arrivalKočevje Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per been sentenced to a total of more than Security firm is performing(37%), followed their bytasks Eritrea and2 (12%) Cerknica and Nigeriaareas (8%)in south . Slovenia cent11 lower years than in jail the for 22,899 transporting registered irregular in the firstprofessionally six months and in line with the rules (more here). of 2018migrants and who 73 percrossed cent into more Slovenia than thefrom 10,679 (more reported here). Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and 28 August – According to Slovenian Police in 2017Croatia . Twenty-two in the south per (more cent here of ).all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a 21 August - Broadcaster POP TV report, within a large operation to bust registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a 6 August - A civil initiative providing reported that Slovenia has started raising a human smuggling ring the police in throughadvocacy land routes,for asylum and seekersthe remaining has warned 78 per centanother arrived 40 by kilometres total of fence of 15,549 along andthe refugeesCelje have as of apprehended June (read more several here persons), sea about. Forty allegedlyper cent unbearableof the registered conditions population at border that arrived with Croatia. ThisWorks is 36 are per currently cent more suspected than the 11,413of smuggling registered almostin 2018 280 in theLjubljana’s country Vičby seaAsylum were Centre,of Afghan accusing origin . Nationalsunderway from on a 4-kilometrein all three countriessegment andmigrants twenty-four across times the higher Slovenian than theborder. the someSyrian security Arab Republic guards ofwere intimidation the second and mostbetween registered the villages649 of Ziljeregistered and Žuničibetween, JanuaryThe smuggled and June migrants 2017 . An were increase citizens is of (14%),even followed involvement by those in organised arriving fromsmuggling Iraq (8%), southeast Palestinian of Črnomeljalso (more observed here). in registeredIraq, entries Iran, toPakistan, Kosovo Afghanistan, (UNSCR 1244) India . and Territoriesof asylum (8%), seekers. and Security the Democratic firm Varovanje Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018,China. 80 Theper operationcent of the begun overall in yearlyDecember 26 August - The police apprehended two Galekom denies all the accusations. The 2018 (more here). (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring migrantdata from smugglers the transportingarrivals were a totalreported, of which continued into 2019 with the EvrosGovernment region in the Office North offor Greece Integration shows andthat the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 31 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

Figure 45: Nationality breakdown of Figure 46: Nationality breakdown of Migrant presence registered irregular migrants between January registeredHIGHLIGHTS irregular migrants between January and August 2019. and August 2018. At the end of August 2019, there were 343 migrants and asylum seekers accommodated in different facilities around 24% 23% the country, about 17 per cent more than the 292 accommodated in the previous A36 total% of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in through different land and sea routes between38 January% and the North of Africa . Accordingmonth toand available almost data the from same the amount reported at the end of August 2018 (335). June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered14% between January by Guinea (13%),17 Mali% (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . 7% 5% Fifty-seven per cent8% of all arrivals11% were registered in Cyprus, 8% Italian9 % authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in have arrived in EuropePakistan through the Western MediterraneanPakistan the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain,Algeria and the remaining 10 per cent wereAlgeria compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 Afghanistan cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates thatAfghanistan the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern MediterraneanMorocco route continues to surpass bothSyrian the Arabcent Republic of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Bangladesh Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the mainthe Islamic ofRepublic Tunisian of origin, Iran followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by theOthers migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern between January and June 2019 . Others Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 Maproute 14: in Accommodationthe first six months facilities of in2018, Slovenia making with upinformation 42 per cent on occupancy and capacity, August 2019. (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean routeS L O (30%)V E N andI A the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugeesP R arrivedE S E N T in M MaltaI G R A in N T S M i g r a n t P r e s e n c e the first half of 2019 . This is significantly highere n d thano f AtheU G235 2 0 1 9 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities 343 migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per A U S T R I A (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months # H U N G A R Y of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western BalkansPOMUR,S K namelyA Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country KOsignificantROOK A increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a PODRAVSK A through land routes, and the remaining# 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of AfghanGOR originEN JSK . ANationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the SAVINJSK A the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arrivingAsylum from Centr eIraq Ljub l(8%),jana Vi čPalestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . I T A L Y DepartmentZ AACS AKVotSnKikAova GO RIRK A 178 | Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of!! Congo78 | 90 In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly ! Razseljeni and Outside of Reception Centers (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoringOSRE DdataNJE fromSLOV EtheNS K A arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the ! 61 | Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting ofP O496SA VmigrantsSK A as of June, five times more than ! S L O V E N I A # of migrants (45%) who were registered Darrivingepartme nfromt AC L Turkeyogatec 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . 26 | 200 to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq C R O A T I A here) . JUGOV ZwereHOD NtheA main nationality groups registered in the countries PRIMORSKO -NOTRANJSK A SLOVEinN theIJA region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants! and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registeredOBALNO-KRAO K inA 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry ! Open Reception Center ! Closed Reception Center ! #Open Reception Center, Traofns itInterior Point . # Transit Point ! Alternative Accommodation Facility first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea Number of Present Migrants | Capacity Legend 2 The informationLL oneeg nationalitygeenndd breakdown provided in this report is based 0 10 20 40 andThis mtheap is foremainingr illustration purp o21ses o nperly. Na mcentes and b(2,788)oundaries on tarrivedhis map do n obyt im pland,ly official emainlyndorsemen t or acceptance by IOMon. Stheourc enationality Data : IOM, E sdeclaredri, HERE, Ga rbymin , migrants(c) OpenStr easetM reportedap contributo rbys Ktheilom eGovernmentters of Malta

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THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA HIGHLIGHTS Developments during the reporting By the end of August 2019, total of 1,029 vicinity of the norther border with Serbia period migrants have been registered arriving (Lojane, Vaksince, Lipkovo) also assisted into the country. This number represent 1,232 persons, excluding the activities During this reporting period (1 August – a decrease when compared to the same run in the Transit Reception Centre in 31 August 2019) 151 new arrivals were period in 2018, when 2,241 arrivals were Tabanovce. Since the beginning of the year, registeredA total of 40,537in North migrants Macedonia, and refugees almost arrivedofficially in Europe reported toby thenational Spanish authorities, autonomous Red enclaves Cross assistedof Ceuta a totaland Melillaof about in 12,987 identicalthrough todifferent the previous land reportingand sea routes period betweenin and January are threeand timesthe more North than of Africathose . Accordingmigrants to and available refugees data in fromthe south the of the JuneJuly 2019 2019, when 29 per153 cent arrivals less were than reported. the same periodreported last year, between JanuarySpanish Ministryand August of Interior, country Morocco while is UNHCR the first estimates declared about whenThis month’s some 59,446 figure sea(151) and represents land arrivals a 79were 2017.reported, 60 origin country of migrants 25,400and refugees arrivals who between arrived January in Spain and June per cent lessdecrease than thewhen 105,884 compared arrivals to registered the in 2017 and between January and June based2019 (33%on multiple of the total),sources. followed These figures Additionally, the Red Cross mobile teams 85same per period cent less in thanAugust the 239,1572018 when registered 705 between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%),point Côte to ad’Ivoire higher (8%)number and ofSenegal migrants and deployed in the area of Gevgelija (southern arrivals were reported, but are 68 per refugees transited through the country so and June 2016 . border with Greece)(8%) reported (see more to herehave) . cent more than the 90 arrivals registered far than what has been reported officially. Fifty-sevenin August 2017per cent and ofeven all arrivalsbigger wereincrease registered provided in Cyprus, assistance Italianto 1,893 authorities persons, reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Bulgariacompared and to the Greece 9 arrivals . Another registered 33 perin the cent ofaccording individuals to Red Crossand August refugees report. between Red January and June 2019 . Arrivals in Cross mobile teams present in the close havesame arrivedmonth inof Europe2016. through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals rescuedFigure 47: and Registered brought arrivals to Italy in andthe RepublicMalta in of their North attempt Macedonia to betweenwere January registered, and August, and comparison are only 2017 a fragment – 2019. of the 83,752 cross the Central800 Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of 705 the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), 600 route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here438 ) . Tunisian nationals also

400 made up the325 majority of arrivals between January and June

The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 276 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1

route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent 199 167 153 (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire151 (6%) . 137 200 133 122 115

of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean 107 94 94 90 90 71 56 route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants45 and refugees arrived in Malta in 14 5 2 0 the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January 0 and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRILmigrantsMAY reportedJUNE to have arrivedJULY in MaltaAUGUST in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals2017 to 2018 2019 authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . centMigrants lower from than Afghanistan the 22,899 makeregistered up the in themajority first ofsix thosemonths registered between January and August 2019 (29%), followed by those from ofPakistan 2018 (26%), and 73 Algeria per cent (9%), more Islamic than Republic the 10,679 of Iran reported (9%), Iraq (6%) andAuthorities others (21%). in the According Western to Balkansthe available, namely data for Bosnia the same and period inlast 2017 year, . Twenty-twothe Islamic Republic per cent of of Iran all wasmigrants the most and commonlyrefugees declaredHerzegovina, country of Albania origin (41%), and Montenegro,followed by Afghanistan have observed (14%), a Pakistan (12%), Iraq (8%), Libya (6%) and others (19%). registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), Figuresea . Forty 48: Nationalityper cent of breakdown the registered of migrants population Figure that 49:arrived Nationality breakdownThis is 36 perof migrants cent more thanFigure the 50: 11,413 Age/sex registered breakdown in 2018of intercepted registeredin the country between by Januarysea were and of August Afghan 2019. origin . Nationalsregistered from between Januaryin all and three August countries 2018. and irregulartwenty-four migrants times higherbetween than January the and the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between JanuaryAugust and 2019. June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed21% by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian15 % also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . 7% Territories (8%), and the Democratic29% Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearlyUASC*, 43% 4% (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported,54% which continued into 2019 with the

Evros region6% in the North of Greece shows that the majority6% reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read19% more here) . 74% to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq 9% 10% here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countriesAccompanied 9% 11% in the region in the first half of 2019 . Children, A total of 13,263 migrants 26and% refugees were registered in 57% Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent Male Female Children less than the Afghanistan 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per centthe Islamic Republic of Iran Pakistan Afghanistan more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Algeria *Unaccompanied and Separated Children. Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in thePakistan on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry the Islamic Republic of Iran of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by seaIraq Iraq Libya 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government Others Others of Malta

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Migrant presence TableHIGHLIGHTS 6: Accommodation facilities (with occupancy/capacity) at the end of August 2019. The available data shows that as of the end Name of Currently of August 2019, there were 90 migrants Accommodation Capacity* Nationalities Accommodating and asylum seekers accommodated in Facility reception centres around the Republic of North Macedonia, which is slightly less Iraq 10, Syrian Arab A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived “ inVinojug” Europe Transit to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of CeutaRepublic and Melilla10, Bangladesh in than the 94 individuals accommodated Centre—Gevgelija 1,100- 9, Pakistan 3, Algeria 1 through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According34 to available data from the at the end of July. Accommodated (North Macedonia – 1,200 and Afghanistan 1; 15 migrantsJune 2019, and 29 asylum per cent seekers less than were the most same periodGreece last year, Border) Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is themales, first 4 females declared and 15 frequentlywhen some nationals59,446 sea from and landAfghanistan, arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees whochildren arrived in Spain followedper cent lessby thanthose the from 105,884 Pakistan, arrivals Syrian registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed Tabanovce Transit 6 Pakistan, 2 Algeria, 1 Arab85 per Republic, cent less Iraqthan andthe 239,157others. Mostregistered of between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal Centre (North Afghanistan, 1 Morocco 1,100 12 theand accommodatedJune 2016 . individuals were adult Macedonia - Serbia (8%) (see more here) . and 1 Iraq; 8 males and males, followed by adult women and Border) 3 UASC children.Fifty-seven29 per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent ofVizbegovo individuals – Receptionand refugees between January and June 2019Male . Arrivals 20; Female in 5; have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterraneancenter for Asylum the first six150 months of 2019 34have decreasedchildren by 83 7;per UMC cent Male route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 perSeekers cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals2. 4 Pakistan, 3 Iraq, 2 rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 Gazi Baba – Reception Syrian Arab Republic, 29cross SADD the Central not available Mediterranean for Gazi routeBaba . This indicates that the reported between120 January and10 June 2017 . Twenty-one per – Reception Centre for Foreigners. Center for Foreigners 1 Afghanistan, 1 Egypt Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half andof the 1 Serbia; year were12 males Nationality data not available for WesternVizbegovo and the– Reception Central Mediterranean Centre for routes asVlae the – mainSafe House of Tunisian25-30 origin, followed by0 those from Pakistan (15%),/ routeAsylum taken Seekers.by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern between January and June 2019 . TOTAL Asian countries2,495-2,600 . (read more 90here) . Tunisian nationals also made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 Maproute 15: in Accommodationthe first six months facilities of in2018, the Republicmaking ofup North42 per Macedonia cent with information on occupancy and capacity at the end of August 2019. (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . ofN registeredO R T H arrivals, M A C followedE D O Nby ItheA Western Mediterranean P R E S E N T M I G R A N T S route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . M i g r a n t P r e s e n c e A total of 1,256 migrants and9 refugees0 arrivede n d o inf MaltaAU G in2 0 1 9 the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern S E R B I A months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most activeK O S routeO V O for arrivals to ( S C R 1 2 4 4 ) authorities,Tabanovce Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per ! # 12 | app. 1,100 2 (37%),NOR followedTHEAST by Eritrea (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six Vmonthsizbegov o of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported34 | 150 Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and Vlae ! ! ! Gazi Baba in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants0 |and app . refugees25 ! ! Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, haveB U L observedG A R I A a 10 | 120 registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the countrySKOPJ E significant increase inE arrivalsA ST in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remainingP O78LO perG cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registeredN O R649T H registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followedA L B byA NthoseI A arriving from Iraq (8%), PalestinianM A C E DalsoO N observedI A in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In theV AsecondRDAR half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly SOUTHE AST (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flowSOU TmonitoringHWEST data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered inT rtheansi tsame Centr eperiod Vinojug of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan,34 | ap pSyrian. 1,100 Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq PELAGONIA ! # here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in G R E E C E Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based !AmongOpen R ethecepti ototaln Cente rregistered! migrantsClosed Recep tarrivingion Center to Spain! in#O ptheen R eception Center, Tonran stheit Po inationalitynt declared# Tran sbyit P omigrantsint as reported! Altern abytiv ethe Ac cItalianommo dMinistryation Facil ity Number of Present Migrants | Capacity Legend of Interior . LLeeggeenndd first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 0 10 20 40 This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance2 by IOTheM. S oinformationurce Data : IOM ,on Esr i,nationality HERE, Garmin ,breakdown (c) OpenStreet Mprovidedap contribu toinrs thisKil oreportmeters is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

344 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

TURKEY Background and Latest Figures HIGHLIGHTSAccording to the latest available figures from the Turkish Directorate Asylum Seekers & Refugees 7% General of Migration Management (DGMM), there are currently over 4 million foreign nationals present in Turkish territory seeking international Residence Permit Holders 21% protection. Most are Syrians (3,657,694* individuals) who are granted temporary protection status. In addition, asylum-seekers and refugees A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe from tocountries the Spanish including autonomous Afghanistan, enclaves the of Islamic Ceuta Republicand Melilla of in Iran, Iraq Syrians under TP 71% and Somalia constitute another significant group of foreign nationals. through differentoutside land and campssea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, AccordingSpanish to UNHCR, Ministry of as Interior,of end of Morocco February is 2019, the first there aredeclared 368,230** asylum-seekers and refugees present in Turkey. The number of foreign when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain Syrians in nationals has increased by 111,928 in comparison to August 2018 (3.9 per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed Camps million foreign nationals), with most of the increase recorded among 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January Syrianby nationals Guinea (13%),(105,391). Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal and June 2016 . 1% (8%) (see more here) . In addition, there are 1,065,446* foreign nationals present in Turkey Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, holdingItalian residency authorities permits, reported including the arrivalshumanitarian of 2,779 residency migrants holders. Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals Comparedand refugees to August between 2018, Januarythis is an and increase June 2019 of 344,953 . Arrivals individuals. in have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean The exactthe first number six months of humanitarian of 2019 have residency decreased holders by 83 isper unknown, cent but route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were it is estimatedcompared that to the there same are period more of than 2018 several when thousand16,577 arrivals humanitarian rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to residencywere permit registered, holders. and are only a fragment of the 83,752 cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per *Data source DGMM, 27.08.2019 Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first**Data half source of the UNHCR, year were 28.02.2019 1 WesternSyrians andunder the TemporaryCentral Mediterranean Protection routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern Turkey’s temporary protection regime between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also grants the 3,657,694* Syrian nationals Monthly Populationmade up theChart majority of Persons of arrivals Under Temporarybetween January Protection and June Thethe Easternright to Mediterranean legally stay in route Turkey was as also well the most active 1 3,500,000 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea routeas some in the level first of six access months to ofbasic 2018, services. making up 42 per cent (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . ofThe registered vast majority arrivals, -followed 3,594,110* by the individuals Western Mediterranean3,000,000 3,594,110 3,552,004 3,514,016 3,501,266 - lives outside of formal camps, known 3,497,690 route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total3,466,103 of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in as temporary accommodation centers, 2,500,000 the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Betweenthus primarily January residing and Juneacross 2019, the Turkish Hellenic Authorities 2,000,000 migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reportedborder 18,448provinces new ofarrivals Hatay, to GreeceAdana , makingand the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national MediterraneanKilis. As such, route only the63,584* most activeSyrians route live for 1,500,000 arrivals to in formal camps, the majority of which authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per 2 1,000,000 (37%), followed by Eritrea (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . centare lowerlocated than close the 22,899to the registered Syrian border.in the first six months Compared to August 2018 when 19 of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 500,000 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and 140,078 136,985 112,708 temporary accommodation centers were 108,732 87,280 in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a 63,584 hosting migrants in Turkey, only seven 0 registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the countryMar 2019 significantApr 2019 increaseMay in 2019 arrivals inJune 2019 and Julyhave 2019 registeredAug 2019 a remain operational with 12 no longer in throughservice. land As aroutes, result, and 133,144 the remaining fewer Syrians78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549Urban Caseload and refugeesResidents in as Camps of June (read more here), seacurrently . Forty perreside cent in ofthe the centers. registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian Arab*Data Republic source were DGMM, the 27.08.2019second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%),Asylum followed Seekers by those and Refugeesarriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 perNationality cent of the overallPercentage# yearly (8%)Another . In addition significant to that, group DTM flowof foreign monitoring nationals data in from Turkey the are thearrivals 368,230* were reported,asylum- which continued into 2019 with the seekers and refugees consisting of different nationalities, but mainly originating in Afghanistan 46% Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than Afghanistan and Iraq. An increase of 6,537 individuals has been recorded in this of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period ofIraq 2018 (read more here39%) . category in comparison to August 2018. to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian ArabIslamic Republic, Republic Algeria and Iraq *Data Source UNHCR, 28.02.20191 11% of Iran hereResidence) . Permit Holders were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019Somalia . 2% AForeigners total of 13,263 who wish migrants to stay and in refugeesTurkey beyond were registered the duration in of a visa or visa exemption Spain-i.e. longer (WMR) than between 90 days, January must and obtain June 2019, a residence 26 per centpermit. According to DGMM, Others 3% lessthere than are the 1,065,446 17,950 registeredresidence inpermit 2018, holders and 41 in per Turkey cent with various categories of morethe residencethan the 9,401 permit, registered including in the“other”. same Theperiod latter of 2017 category . includes1 The informationhumanitarian on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Amongresidence the permittotal registered holders, migrantsand while arriving the exact to Spain number in the is unknown, iton is the believed nationality that declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry the vast majority of foreign nationals in this category are Iraqis. of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government 1 UNHCR ended registeration process in Turkey on 10 September 2018. the registrationof process Malta will continue with the procedure carried out by the Turkish authorities.

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Apprehended/Rescued Persons on Sea* The Turkish Coast Guard (TCG) recorded 8,430HIGHLIGHTS irregular migrants and no fatalities in August 2019. Comparing to August 2018, there is an increase of 6,907 apprehended individuals, when 1,523 irregular migrants were recorded. These figures only include those apprehended and rescued by the TCG, while the actual number of migrants and refugees departing Turkey by sea may be higher. Apprehensions at the so-called ‘hotspots’ on the Aegean Sea are shown in the map (left).

A P P R E H E N S I O N S O F F T H E T U R K I S H C O A S T R U S S I A N A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of CeutaR O MandA N I A Melilla inF E D E R A T I O N 1 J a n u a r y - 3 1 A u g u s t 2 0 1 9 through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available B U dataL G A R I A from the

June 2019, 29 per cent less thanB U L theG A RsameI A period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first T declaredU R K E Y N O R T H KI R KL AR EL I when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants2 and6 ,refugees526 who arrived in Spain B ARTIN M A C E D O N I A TOTA L per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed I R A Q L I B Y A ED I RNE İSTANBU L A P P R E H E N D E D E G Y P T 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January TbyEK IGuineaRDAG (13%), Mali (13%),İSTAN BCôteU L d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal

and June 2016 . Enez (8%) (see more here) . KOC AELI ApDpUreZhCeEnded Migrants 2701 - 4300 SAK ARYA Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779601 - 2 7 migrants00 Gelibolu BOLU Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 201916 1 . - Arrivals 600 in 1 - 160 have arrived in Europe through the WesternG oMediterraneankceada the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent B I LE C I K route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were C AN AK K AcomparedL E to the sameBU R periodSA of 2018 when 16,577Sea R arrivalsoute A N K A R A rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to Ayvacik were registered, and are only a fragment of theLan d R 83,752oute ES KI SE HI R cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reportedB A LIbetweenK ES I R January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Dikili EasternG R E MediterraneanE C E route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registeredKU inTA HtheYA first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the Amainyvalik of G Tunisianomec origin, followed T byU thoseR K E fromY Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern MAN I SA between January and June 2019 . Karaburun FAsianoca countries . (read more here) . TunisianAFYON nationals also made up the majority of UarrivalsS AK between January and June Cesme Seferihisar The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 1 İZM2018I R (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per centU rla Menderes (15%),Se Sudanlcuk (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . KONYA of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean ISPARTA route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A totalKu sa ofda s 1,256i migrantsDE NI Z L andI refugees arrived in Malta in Soke AYDIN the firstDid imhalf of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities BU R D UR migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern Bodrum months of 2018MU G. AccordingL A to the available dataA NfromTALYA national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to Datca Marmaris authorities, Sudan is O thertac a firstFeth iy reportede nationality0 3 7at.5 arrival75 150 Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per Kilometers (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. Source Data : IOM, National Authorities, Esri, HERE, Garmin, (c) OpenStreetMap contributors of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a Apprehensions/Rescues by Turkish Coast Guard Statistics for 2019 registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country(1 January - 31significant August 2019) increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . FortyTime per cent of the Numberregistered ofpopulation cases that arrivedNumber Thisof is 36 per centNumber more ofthan deaths the 11,413 registeredNumber in 2018 of in the countryperiod by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals irregularfrom migrantsin all three countries and twenty-four times higherorganizers than the the Syrian Arab RepublicAegean were the secondAll Seas most registeredAegean All649 Seas registeredAegean between JanuaryAll Seasand June 2017Aegean . An increaseAll is Seas (14%), Januaryfollowed by those arriving27 from Iraq27 (8%), Palestinian1,092 also1,092 observed in registered1 entries1 to Kosovo (UNSCR1 1244) 1. Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly February 36 36 1,428 1,428 - - 6 6 (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros regionMarch in the North of56 Greece shows56 that the majority1,796 reporting1,796 of 496 4migrants as of4 June, five times2 more than2 of migrantsApril (45%) who were80 registered arriving81 from Turkey2,765 1082,773 registered in 1the same period1 of 2018 (read5 more here) 6 . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq May 80 82 2,560 2,604 10 10 2 4 here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries June 98 99 3,258 in3,262 the region in the12 first half of12 2019 . 6 6 A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in July 160 161 5,388 5,409 - - 8 8 Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less thanAugust the 17,950 registered249 in 2018,250 and 41 per8,422 cent 8,430 - - 11 11 more thanTotal the 9,401 registered786 in the same792 period of26,709 2017 . 26,7941 The information 28on nationality breakdown28 provided in41 this report is based44 Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . firstUpon six identification months of 2019, of the 79 apprehended per cent (10,475) persons, arrived the bylatter sea are referred2 The to information removal on centers nationality by breakdown the Turkish provided Gendarmerie in this report is basedor are issued anda deportation the remaining letter, 21 perunless cent they (2,788) claim arrived asylum. by However,land, mainly apprehended on individuals the nationality have declared the byright migrants to claim as reported asylum by the after Government being referred to a removal center or issued deportation letters. The top ten nationalitiesof Malta of apprehended/rescued migrants are Afghan, Palestinian, Syrian, Iraqi, Congolese, Iranian, Central African, Somalian, Senegalese, and Egyptian.

364 *Data source TCG, 31.08.2019 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

Apprehended Persons on Land* HIGHLIGHTS Apprehensions by Turkish Land Forces According to the Turkish Armed Forces (TAF) daily figures, (1 - 31 August 2019) 25,041 irregular migrants were apprehended during August 2019 at Turkey’s borders with the Syrian Arab Republic, Greece, Entry Exit the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Georgia and Bulgaria. Irregular Syrian Arab exits were higher at Turkey’s western borders (with Europe), 13,270 Greece 4,988 A Republic total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe andto the borders Spanish with autonomous the Syrian enclaves Arab Republicof Ceuta and MelillaGreece in are the main entry points into Turkey. In comparison, the total number of through different land and sea routesSyrian between Arab January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the JuneGreece 2019, 29 per cent 6,436less than the same period last year,113 apprehendedSpanish Ministry persons of Interior, on land Morocco was higher is the in firstAugust declared 2018, when Republic 25,792 persons were apprehended. Meanwhile, the number of when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain Islamic Republic apprehended persons during attempted exit out of Turkey were per cent less than the 105,88490 arrivals registeredBulgaria in 2017 and54 between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed of Iran highest at the border with Greece. The entry and exit figures 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal Islamic Republic breakdown are shown in the table (left). andBulgaria June 2016 . 56 30 (8%) (see more here) . of Iran During August 2019, the highest number of irregular crossings Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Iraq 1 Georgia 3 atItalian entry and exit took place at the border with the Syrian Arab Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals Republic,and refugees with betweena total number January of and 13,383 June apprehended 2019 . Arrivals persons. in In Total 19,853 Total 5,188 have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean comparisonthe first six tomonths previous of 2019 month have there decreased is a decrease by 83 perin the cent irregular route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were bordercompared entries to the from same Syrian period Arab of 2018 Republic when 16,577to Turkey arrivals (3,336). In rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to Julywere 2019, registered, 16,606 and irregular are onlyentries a fragmentof individuals of the were 83,752 recorded at cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the thisreported border. between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were *Data Source TAF, 31.08.2019 Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly *This map is for illustration purposes only. The depiction and use of boundaries, geographic names, and related data shown on maps and included in this report are not warranted to be free of error nor do (8%)they imply . In judgment addition on theto legalthat, status DTM of any flow territory, monitoringor any endorsement data or from acceptance the of such boundariesarrivals by IOM.were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than Knownof migrants Entry (45%) whoand were Exit registered Points arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq The following are known entry points by land: Hatay, Kilis, Şanlıurfa (from the Syrian Arab Republic), Silopi, Çukurca (from Iraq), Şemdinli,here) . Yüksekova, Başkale, Ağrı, Doğubeyazıt (from Islamic Republicwere theof Iran) main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Known entry points by air: İstanbul, İstanbul Sabiha Gökçen, Antalya, Esenboğa Ankara (from third countries) Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent Knownless than exit the points 17,950 by registered sea: Çeşme, in 2018, Ayvalık, and Didim, 41 per Bodrum, cent Küçükkuyu (Locations close to Lesbos, Samos, Chios, Symi, Kos and Rodos)more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry Known exit points by land: Edirne (to Greece and Bulgaria), Kırklareli (toof Interior Bulgaria) . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Knownand the remainingexit points 21 by per air: cent İstanbul, (2,788) İstanbul arrived Sabiha by land, Gökçen mainly (to certain onEU the MS) nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

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Readmitted Migrants and HIGHLIGHTS Refugees to Turkey On 18 March 2016, EU and Turkey agreed on the readmission of migrants arriving from Greece to Turkey after 20 AMarch total 2016. of 40,537 In this migrants regard, andaccording refugees to arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in throughDGMM differentreports, land1,906* and migrantssea routes and between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the refugees have been readmitted to Turkey June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared from Greece between 4 April 2016 and when31 August some 2019.59,446 Main sea andpoints land of arrivals return were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain perfrom cent Greece less than include the 105,884Lesbos, arrivalsChios, registeredKos migrants in 2017 andis shown inbetween the graphic January above. and June Tunisia,2019 (33% Côte of d’Ivoire, the total), Haiti, followed Lebanon, Mali, 85and per Samos, cent less while than the the main 239,157 readmission registered betweenThe top January nine nationalitiesby Guinea are included(13%), Mali in (13%),Dominica, Côte d’Ivoire India, (8%) Sierra and Leone,Senegal Yemen, andpoints June to 2016 Turkey . include Dikili, Çeşme, the graph, while the(8%) “others” (see more category here) . Congo, Burkina Faso, Gambia, Comoros, Bodrum and Adana (point of entry is includes migrants from Nigeria, Sri Niger, Sudan, Jordan, Uzbekistan, Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants through airport). Lanka, Democratic Republic of Congo, Togolese Republic and Zimbabwe. Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent ofCameroon, individuals Nepal, andMyanmar, refugees Guinea, between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in havePer nationality arrived in Europebreakdown through of readmitted the Western MediterraneanPalestinian Territories, the firstSenegal, six Ghana,months of 2019 have decreased*Data source by 83 DGMM, per cent 31.08.2019 route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 crossResettlement the Central Mediterranean of Syrians route From . This Turkey indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were The 18 March 2016 EU-Turkey statement aims to replace disorganized and irregular migratory flows by facilitating organized and Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), safe pathways to European countries. Specifically, the statement stipulates that for every Syrian returned to Turkey from the Greek routeislands, taken another by the Syrian migrants will beand resettled refugees arrivingdirectly toto EuropeEurope from AlgeriaTurkey. (10%),According Iraq to (9%) DGMM and otherdata released African andon 28 Southern August 2019, betweenthere are January 23,539* and persons June 2019 that . have been resettled under this instrument,Asian countries with primary. (read more resettlement here) . Tunisian destinations nationals being also Germany, made up the majority of arrivals between January and June TheFrance, Eastern the NetherlandsMediterranean and route Finland. was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte*Data d’Ivoire Source DGMM,(6%) . 28.08.2019 of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), PalestinianResettlements also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo byIn the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the Countryarrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry [email protected] of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

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WESTERNHIGHLIGHTS BALKANS IN FOCUS

A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent* Thelower designation than the is to 22,899 highlight registeredthe most active in routesthe first detected six in monthsthe Western Balkans at the moment. of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea Canteen in a migrants’ reception centre in September in 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based andVentimiglia, the remaining Italy. IOM 21 Italy/2019 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

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ALBANIA FigureHIGHLIGHTS 51: Registered irregular migrants on entry in Albania each month, 2016 – 2019.

Developments during the reporting 400 372 period 350

During this reporting period (1 – 31 293

300 273 AugustA total of2019), 40,537 there migrants were and 111 refugees new arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in 243 apprehensionsthrough different on landentry andinto sea the routes country, between 250 January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the 8June per 2019,cent more29 per than cent the less 103 than reported the same in period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared 200 thewhen previous some month59,446 andsea 42and per land cent arrivals more were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain 147 127 126 thanper centthe less78 thanreported the 105,884 in August arrivals 2018. registered 150 in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed125 114 111 108 108 103 94 These arrivals indicate irregular entries in 94

85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire86 (8%) and Senegal

100 78 the Gjirokaster region. Additionally, 48 69

and June 2016 . 55 (8%) (see more here) . 51

47 42

individuals were apprehended on exit 37 32

50 21 19 16 15 11 Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the8 arrivals of 2,779 migrants in their attempt to enter Montenegro from 3 1 theBulgaria Shkoder and region, Greece 35 . Anotherper cent 33less per than cent of 0 individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in thehave 74 arrived registered in Europe in the through previous the monthWestern MediterraneanJANUARY FEBRUARYthe firstMARCH six monthsAPRIL of 2019 MAYhave decreasedJUNE by 83JULY per centAUGUST (Julyroute 2019) leading and to 79Spain, per andcent the less remaining than the 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals 2016 2017 2018 2019 224rescued registered and brought in August to 2018.Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 Betweencross the CentralJanuary Mediterranean and August route2019, . This a indicatesFigure that52: Apprehensionsthe reported on exit andbetween entry inJanuary Albania, and January June –2017 August . Twenty-one 2019. per totalEastern of Mediterranean1,546 new routeirregular continues migrants to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were wereWestern registered and the onCentral entry Mediterranean to and exit routes 400 as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), 358 fromroute thetaken country. by the migrantsThis is and36 perrefugees cent arriving350 to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern lessbetween than Januarythe 2,408 and Junereported 2019 . on entry Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also and exit in the same period of 2018, 300 244 made up 243 the majority of arrivals between January and June

Theover Easternfive times Mediterranean the 272 reported route onwas entry also the250 most active 219 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 184 inroute the samein the period first six of 2017months and of over2018, three making up200 42 per cent 177 159 (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), 158 and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . timesof registered the 478 arrivals, reported followed in the sameby the period Western Mediterranean 146 150 126 115 111 103

of 2016. 95 94 93

route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived90 in Malta in 86

100 74 59 51

the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 48 MigrantsBetween registered January andbetween June January 2019, and Hellenic Authorities38 50 21 migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six Augustreported 2019 18,448 were new most arrivals frequently to Greece Iraqi, making the Eastern 0 months of 2018 . According to the available data from national nationalsMediterranean (34%), route followed the mostby those active from route for arrivals to the Syrian Arab Republic (25%), Pakistan JANUARY FEBRUARYauthorities,MARCH Sudan APRIL is the firstMAY reportedJUNE nationalityJULY at arrivalAUGUST Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (14%), Algeria (7%) and Morocco (7%). (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six monthsApprehensions on Entry Apprehensions on Exit Total Available data for the same period of 2018 indicatesof 2018 a and relative 73 perdecrease cent in more the presence than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and ofin Syrian2017 . nationalsTwenty-two (54% per in 2018cent ofvs. all25% migrants in Figureand refugees 53: Nationality breakdownHerzegovina, of Albania andFigure Montenegro, 54: Nationality have breakdown observed of a 2019).registered As in arriving 2019, thein Greece breakdown so far between crossed intoregistered the country irregular migrantssignificant between increase January in arrivalsregistered in 2019 irregular and migrantshave registered between aJanuary Januarythrough andland Augustroutes, and2018 the also remaining consists 78 of per centand arrived August by2019. total of 15,549 and refugeesand August as of June2018. (read more here), Pakistansea . Forty (11%), per cent Iraq of (9%),the registered Algeria population(6%) that arrived13 % This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 andin the Morocco country (5%) by sea as werethe most of Afghan frequently origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four16% times higher than the reportedthe Syrian countries Arab Republic of origin. were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is 7% 34% (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries5% to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly 7% (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which6 %continued into 2019 with the 55% Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period8% of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read14 %more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were 25the% main nationality groups registered10% in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Iraq Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent Syrian Arab Republic less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent Syrian Arab Republic Pakistan more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . Pakistan1 The information on nationality breakdown providedIraq in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry Algeria of Interior . Algeria first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown providedMorocco in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly Morocco on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government Others of Malta Others

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BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINAHIGHLIGHTS

Developments during the reporting Figure 55: Registered irregular migrants in Bosnia and Herzegovina between January and period August 2019.

4,000 3,729 During this reporting period (1 – 31 3,649 A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in August) Bosnian authorities reported 3,500 through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the 3,729 new irregular migrants, a 2 per cent June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period3,000 last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared 2,794 2,631 2,603

increase compared to the previous month 2,557 when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain when 3,649 arrivals were reported, and 33 2,500 2,286 2,096

per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed1,989 per cent more than the 2,794 reported 2,000 in85 Augustper cent 2018. less than The the average 239,157 number registered of between January by Guinea (13%),1,721 Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal andmigrants June 2016arriving . each week since the 1,500 (8%) (see more here) . 1,419 1,117

beginning of the year is 526, ranging from 1,000 873 141Fifty-seven in the perfirst cent week of ofall Januaryarrivals towere 816 registered in in Cyprus, Italian authorities666 reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants 500 411 Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals237 and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in 97

the first week of August. 77 69 63 56 51 37 26 have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean0 the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent routeBetween leading January to Spain,and August and the 2019, remaining 18,419 10 per cent wereJANUARY FEBRUARYcomparedMARCH to the sameAPRIL period MAYof 2018 whenJUNE 16,577JULY arrivalsAUGUST new arrivals have been reported. This is 49 rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 per cent more than the 12,359 reported 2017 2018 2019 cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per in the same period last year and thirty- nineEastern times Mediterranean more than routethe 476 continues reported to surpassFigure both 56: Irregularthe entriescent to of Bosnia migrants and registeredHerzegovina, in weeklythe first arrivals half inof 2019. the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), between January and August 2017. 1016 route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving1000 to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern 947 betweenAvailable Januarynationality and Junebreakdown 2019 . reflects Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals915 also Pakistan as the most commonly reported 859 859 made up the majority of arrivals between January and816 June Theorigin Eastern country Mediterranean between January route and was June also the most active 784 795 800 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route(41%), in followedthe first sixby monthsAfghanistan of 2018, (10%), making up 42 per cent 704 (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . Bangladesh (9%), Iraq (8%) and the Syrian 617 628 of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean 587 598 593 603 Arab Republic (6%). When compared to 600 545 route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total517 of 1,256514 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in 495 501 the countries of origin reported between 473 467 the first half of 2019 . This is significantly447 higher than the 235 JanuaryBetween and January July 2018, and Pakistani June 2019, nationals Hellenic Authorities 409 418 400 migrants341 reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six alsoreported made 18,448 up the new majority arrivals (34%), to Greece followed, making the Eastern 314 322 276months of 2018 . According to the available data from national byMediterranean Syrians (14%), route migrants the from most the active Islamic route for arrivals to 207 179183 186 authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival RepublicEurope in of the Iran region (14%), . Arrivals Afghanistan this year (10%) in Greece 200 are 19 per163 141 (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . andcent Iraqlower (8%). than the 22,899 registered in the first six months of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and

0 Jul Jul in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observedJul Jul a Jan Jan Jan Jan Jan Feb Feb Feb Jun Jun Jun - Apr Apr Apr Apr Jun Feb - - - Apr Aug Aug Aug Aug Aug - - Mar Mar Mar Mar ------May May May May - - - - - 7 ------6 9 7 4 14 21 28 27 13 20 31 10 17 24 16 23 30 14 21 28 30 28 11 18 25 31 10 17 24 31 registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals12 in19 26 201931 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . NationalsFigure 57: from Nationality breakdownin all three ofcountries migrants and Figuretwenty-four 58: Nationality times higher breakdown than theof migrants the Syrian Arab Republic were the second mostregistered registered in Bosnia and649 Herzegovina registered between between Januaryregistered and Junein 2017Bosnia . An increaseand Herzegovina is January and August 2019. between February and August 2018. (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per 20cent% of the overall yearly 26% (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with 34the% 41% Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period8 %of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read6% more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries14% 8% in the10 %region in the first half of 201914 . % A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in 9% 10% Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent Pakistan less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent Pakistan more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . Afghanistan1 The information on nationality breakdown providedSyrian inArab this reportRepublic is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the Bangladesh on the nationality declared by migrants as reportedAfghanistan by the Italian Ministry of Interior . Iraq Islamic Republic of Iran first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly Syrian Arab Republicon the nationality declared by migrants as reportedIraq by the Government of Malta Others Others

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Migrants presence HIGHLIGHTS According to the data received from IOM 7,523 were recorded. An estimated 75 per Thirty-three per cent of the migrants and partner agencies working in the field cent of individuals were adult males, 7 per present in the country were of Pakistani in Bosnia and Herzegovina, there were cent adult females and 18 per cent children. origin, followed by Iraqi (15%), Syrian 8,200 migrants and refugees residing in the Among the children, 243 were registered (11%), Afghani (9%), Iranian (8%) and country as of 25th August 2019, nine per as unaccompanied and separated. others (24%) centA total more of than 40,537 the migrants previous andmonth refugees when arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared Figure 59: Nationality breakdown of accommodated Figure 60: Estimated Age/Sex breakdown of accommodated migrantswhen some and refugees59,446 seaat the and end land of Augustarrivals 2019. were reported, 60 origin countrymigrants ofand migrants refugees and at therefugees end of who August arrived 2019. in Spain per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal

and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . 7% 23% Pakistan Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals33% were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Afghanistan 6% Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in have arrived in Europe through the WesternIraq Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have 18decreased% by 83 per cent 8%route leading to Spain, and the remainingthe Islamic 10 per Republic cent ofwere Iran compared75% to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment12 % of the 83,752 Syrian Arab Republic cross9% the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean14 route% continuesOthers to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were 13% Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of TunisianAdult origin, Males followed byAdult those Females from PakistanUASC (15%), AC route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent Map 16: Accommodation facilities in Bosnia and Herzegovina with information(15%), on Sudan occupancy (9%), and Nigeria capacity, (7%), August and Côte 2019. d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

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As in previous years, most of the migrants Figure 62: Nationality breakdown of KOSOVO haveHIGHLIGHTS entered the country through the registered migrants and asylum seekers 30 green border with Albania. between January and August 2019. (UNSCR 1244) 11% Forty-three per cent of registered 5% Developments during the reporting persons that have submitted an asylum application between January and August 5% 43% Aperiod total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in 2019 are from the Syrian Arab Republic. 9% Duringthrough this different reporting land period and sea(1- 31routes August between Iraq January is the and second mostthe Northreported of Africaorigin . According to available data from the 2019)June 2019, authorities 29 per centin Kosovoless than (UNSCRthe same periodcountry last declaredyear, by 27Spanish per cent Ministry of asylum of Interior, Morocco is the first declared 1244/1999)when some 59,446have seareported and land 188 arrivals new were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain seekers this year, followed by Algeria (9%), 27% irregularper cent lessentries than thein the105,884 country, arrivals which registered Morocco in 2017 and(5%) and Palestinianbetween January Territories and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 85represent per cent a less marked than the increase 239,157 compared registered between(5%). JanuaryIn contrast, by TurkishGuinea (13%),nationals Mali (13%), Côte d’IvoireSyrian (8%) Arab Republicand Senegal andto theJune previous 2016 . months when 67 new are the first group among(8%) (see asylum more seekers here) . Iraq irregular entries were reported, and double between January and August 2018 (35%), Algeria Morocco theFifty-seven arrivals perfrom cent the ofsame all arrivalsperiod werelast year. registered followed in Cyprus, by individualsItalian coming authorities from the reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Palestinian Territories MostBulgaria of andthe Greecenew arrivals . Another in August 33 per are cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in Syrian Arab Republic (16%), Libya (11%), Others fromhave arrivedIraq, followed in Europe by Syrian through Arab the Republic Western MediterraneanPalestinian Territories the(9%) first and sixIraq months(9%). of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent routeand other leading countries to Spain, of origin.and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same periodFigure of 63: 2018 Nationality when 16,577 breakdown arrivals of According to the available data as shared registered migrants and asylum seekers Sincerescued the and beginning brought of theto year,Italy 751and irregularMalta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, 81 per between January and August 2018. entriescross the were Central reported Mediterranean in total. This route is more . This indicatescent ofthat the the total registeredreported asylum between seekers January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per thanEastern three Mediterranean times higher routecompared continues to 206 to surpassas of both August the 2019 arecent males, of migrantswhile 19 registeredper in the first20% half of the year were registeredWestern and in thethe Centralsame periodMediterranean last year, routes cent as theare mainfemales. Out ofof Tunisianthe total, origin,18% per followed by those from Pakistan (15%), sevenroute timestaken higherby the thanmigrants the 109and registeredrefugees arriving cent to areEurope children withAlgeria family (10%),and 1% Iraq are (9%) and other African and Southern35% 9% betweenin 2017 and January four timesand June higher 2019 than . the 177 unaccompanied children.Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also registered in the same period of 2016. made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 9% 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent Figure 61: Arrivals of irregular migrants registered each month, 2016 – 2019.(15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte11% d’Ivoire16 %(6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean Turkey route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in

200 188 Syrian Arab Republic the first half of 2019 . This is significantlyLibya higher than the 235 Between180 January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in MaltaPalestinian in Territories the first six reported160 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern Iraq months of 2018 . According to the availableOthers data from national Mediterranean140 route the most active route for arrivals to 125 authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year120 in Greece are 19 per 120 110 (37%), followed by Eritrea2Figure (12%) 64: and Sex Nigeria breakdown (8%) of. registered cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months 100 90 asylum seekers in 2019. of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported84 Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and

80 67 in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro,19% have observed a 60 44 registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase42 in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a 37 34 31 31

40 27

through land routes, and the remaining 78 per 23 cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), 21 21 20 20 18 16 15 15 14 9 20 8

sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is4 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 3 3 2 1 0 in 0the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the SyrianJANUARY Arab FEBRUARYRepublic wereMARCH the secondAPRIL most MAYregistered JUNE 649JULY registeredAUGUST between January and June 2017 . An increase is 81% (14%), followed by those arriving2016 from Iraq2017 (8%), Palestinian2018 also2019 observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Male Female Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Figure 65: Age breakdown of registered Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, fiveChart times Title more than asylum seekers in 2019.Chart Title of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 1(read% more here) . Presence of migrants and asylum currently in Kosovo, only 13 persons have to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic,12% Algeria1% and Iraq seekers entered the country irregularly during 2019 12% here) . while the majority havewere entered the main regularly nationality groups registered in the countries As of 31 August 2019, 127 asylum seekers 14% (citizens of Turkey, Northin the Macedonia, region in Serbiathe first half of 142019% . wereA total present of 13,263 in Kosovo: migrants 109 and of themrefugees were were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019,and 26 Montenegro).per cent All registered migrants citizens of Turkey, while others were from and asylum seekers are accommodated at Turkmenistan,less than the North 17,950 Macedonia, registered the in 2018,Syrian and 41 per cent the Asylum Center in Magure-Lipjan. 73% Arabmore Republic,than the 9,401Morocco registered and Ukraine. in the sameOut period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report73 is %based on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry ofAmong the thetotal total number registered of asylummigrants seekers arriving to Spain in the Adults of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea ChildrenAdults 2 The information on nationality breakdown providedChildren in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reportedChildren by thewith Government family 30 This designation is without prejudice to positions of Malta UMC*Children with family on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244/1999 UMC* and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of *Unaccompanied minors independence. 4 BACK TO CONTENTS 43 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

MONTENEGRO HIGHLIGHTS Developments during the reporting period

During this reporting period (1-31 August), times the 405 reported in the same period In 2019 so far (1 January – 31 August 2019), authoritiesA total of 40,537in Montenegro migrants and registered refugees arrivedin 2017. in Europe to the Spanish autonomousregistered enclaves migrantsof Ceuta were and Melillamost commonlyin 769 new migrants and refugees, 14 per from Syrian Arab Republic (26%), followed through different land and sea routes betweenWith January the andexpansion theof NorthIOM´s ofpresence Africa . According to available data from the cent more than the 672 reported in the by Morocco (22%), Algeria (17%), Iraq June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same periodin thelast year,field, MontenegroSpanish MinistryDTM team of Interior, Morocco is the first declared previous month (1-31 July). The number (11%), Pakistan (7%), and other countries when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were establishedreported, 60 a new floworigin monitoring country pointof migrants in and refugees who arrived in Spain of registered migrants this month is 48 per (17%). In the same period of 2018, main per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registeredPljevlja in 2017 to andtrack movementsbetween in the January northern and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed cent higher than in August 2018 (520), reported nationalities were Syrian Arab 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered betweenpart of January the country (betweenby Guinea Montenegro (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal over four times the number for August Republic (44%), Pakistan (18%), Algeria and June 2016 . and Bosnia and Herzegovina)(8%) (see atmore the hereend) . 2017 (179), and over 24 times the number (9%), Iraq (7%) and Morocco (5%). Syrian of the first quarter of 2019. Based on for August 2016 (31). Arab Republic nationals were the most Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registeredavailable in Cyprus, data, 23 individualsItalian authorities were first reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants frequently reports throughout 2018, SinceBulgaria the andbeginning Greece of . the Another year, authorities 33 per cent oftime individuals registered in Pljevljaand refugees(and therefore between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in a trend that continues through 2019, inhave Montenegro arrived in registeredEurope through a total the of 4,739Western Mediterraneanincluded in the total thenew first arrivals six monthsabove) of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent although in 2017 arrivals to Montenegro migrantsroute leading at arrival. to Spain, This and is the57 remainingper cent 10 perand cent 64 wereindividuals werecompared registered to the in thesame period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals were predominantly composed of Algerian higherrescued than and the brought same period to Italy in and2018 Malta when in theirsame attempt location to in theirwere attempts registered, to exit the and are only a fragment of the 83,752 (51%) and Moroccan (14%) nationals. 3,025cross thewere Central reported, Mediterranean and more route than . This11 indicatescountry that and the continue reported their journey. between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), routeFigure taken66: Arrivals by the to migrantsMontenegro and registered refugees eacharriving month, to Europe2016 – 2019. Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also 900 made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 1

2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea769 route in the800 first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent 711 (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered700 arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean 672 622 618 588

route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 583 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in

600 558

the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than520 the 235 503 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities 499 500 469 migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean400 route the most active route for arrivals to 320 authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per 300 256 (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months 179 of 2018 and200 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and 81

in 2017 . Twenty-two100 per cent of all migrants61 and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a 41 39 39 36 34 31 23 15 15 14 9 9 6 3 registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant2 increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a 0 through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the 2016 2017 2018 2019 the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

444 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

Figure 67: Nationality breakdown of registered migrants Figure 68: Nationality breakdown of registered between January and August 2019. HIGHLIGHTSmigrants between January and August 2018.

16% 17% 26% Syrian Arab Republic 44% Syrian Arab Republic 5% A7 % total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrivedMorocco in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta Pakistanand Melilla in Algeria through different land and sea routes between January and the7 % North of Africa . According to available dataAlgeria from the June11% 2019, 29 per cent less than the same periodIraq last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the firstIraq declared when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals werePakistan reported, 60 origin country9% of migrants and refugees who arrivedMorocco in Spain 22% per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registeredOthers in 2017 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total),Others followed 85 per cent17% less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%),18 Mali% (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) .

Fifty-sevenMigrant presence per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in At the end of August 2019, there were 218 migrants and asylum seekers accommodated in the reception facilities around the country, have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent almost the same figure as the 216 accommodated at the end of the previous reporting period (1 – 30 July 2019). route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 crossMap 17:the AccommodationCentral Mediterranean facilities inroute Montenegro . This indicates with information that the on occupancyreported and between capacity, JanuaryAugust 2019.and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern betweenM O N JanuaryT E N EandG RJuneO 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . TunisianP R E S E N nationalsT M I G alsoR A N T S made up the majority of arrivals between January and June TheM iEasterng r a n tMediterranean P r e s e n c eroute was also the most active 218 e n d o f AU G 2 0 1 9 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . DAi ffe totalrent ac ofco m 1,256modat io migrantsn facilities in and Plje v refugeeslja arrived in Malta in 0 | S E R B I A ! the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January andB O JuneS N I A 2019, A N D Hellenic Authorities ! migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new HarrivalsE R Z EtoG GreeceO V I N,A making the Eastern C R O A T I A months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per NORTH(37%),ERN followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugeesM O N T E NHerzegovina,E G R O Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a

through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrivedSpuz Asy lbyum total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), CENTRAL K O S O V O sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrivedCente r KoniThisk Alt eisrn a36tive per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 ( S C R 1 2 4 4 ) in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from85 | 8 0 ! Accoinm mallo dthreeation F acountriescility and twenty-four times higher than the Spuz Detention 120 | 100 the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registeredCente r ! 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian13 | 4 0 also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals wereA L Breported,A N I A which continued into 2019 with the Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority COASTAL reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read NmoreO R hereT H ) . to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic, AlgeriaM A C EandD O IraqN I A here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries in the region in the first half of 2019 . A! totalOpen Rofece p13,263tion Center migrants! andClose d refugeesReception Ce nwereter registered! #Ope nin Re ception Center, Transit Point # Transit Point ! Alternative Accommodation Facility SpainNumb er(WMR) of Present Mbetweenigrants | Capa cJanuaryity and June 2019,Leg 26en perd cent LLeeggeenndd 0 12.5 25 50 lessThi s m thanap is fo r theillustra tio 17,950n purposes o n registeredly. Names and bou nd inari es2018, on this ma p anddo no t im 41ply of perficial e nd centorseme nt or acceptance by IOM. Source Data : IOM, Esri, HERE, Garmin, (c) OpenStreetMap contributors Kilometers more than the 9,401 registered in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

4 BACK TO CONTENTS 45 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

CENTRAL MEDITERRANEAN - OTHER COUNTRIES HIGHLIGHTS LIBYA Developments during the reporting Figure 69: Rescue operations by the Libyan Coast Guard between January and August, 2017 – period 2019. BetweenA total of January 40,537 and migrants August and 2019, refugees 86 arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla in through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the incidents were reported by the Libyan 14,000 13,278 12,841 CoastJune 2019, Guard 29 inper which cent lessa total than ofthe 5,950 same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared 12,000 whenmigrants some were 59,446 returned sea and to land Libya; arrivals 199 were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and refugees who arrived in Spain permigrants cent lessare thanestimated the 105,884 to have arrivals died registered or in 201710,000 and between January and June 2019 (33% of the total), followed 85gone per missing cent less during than thethe 239,157 same reportingregistered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal 8,000 andperiod. June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . 5,950 Available data for 2019 indicate a 25 per 6,000 Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants cent decrease in the number of reported Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals4,000 and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in operations this year compared to the same

have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six1,288 months of 2019 have decreased by 83 per cent period in 2018, when 114 operations were 2,000 571 199 114 109 reportedroute leading and ato 21 Spain, per centand decreasethe remaining when 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,57786 arrivals 0 comparedrescued and to brought 109 operationsto Italy and reported Malta in their attempt to were registered, and are only a fragment of the 83,752 atcross the the end Central of August Mediterranean 2017. The route number . This indicates that the reported2017 between January2018 and June 2017 . Twenty-one2019 per ofEastern returned Mediterranean migrants as route of Augustcontinues 2019 to surpass both the Operationscent of migrants registeredReturned into theLibya first half ofDead the andyear Missing were Western(5,950) is and55 perthe centCentral less Mediterraneanthan the 13,278 routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), routereturned taken in theby thesame migrants period andlast refugeesyear, and arriving 1,288 to Europereported to haveAlgeria gone missing (10%), in Iraq the (9%) A and more other complete African estimation and Southern of the relative between54 per cent January less thanand Junethe 12,8412019 . returned same period of 2017.Asian The relative countries number . (read morerisk hereof those) . Tunisian departing nationals from also Libya to to Libya between January and August 2017. of those reported to madehave diedup the in themajority first of reacharrivals Europe between in terms January of deadand June and missing The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active eight months of 20192018 calculated (18% asof athe share total), followedmigrants shouldby migrants also take from into Eritrea consideration1 routeThe estimatedin the first numbersix months of of dead2018, andmaking up 42 per cent missing migrants between January and of those returned over(15%), the Sudan same (9%),period Nigeria the (7%), reported and Côte arrivals d’Ivoire in Italy (6%) and . Malta and of registered arrivals, followed by the Western Mediterranean August 2019 (199) is significantly lower (3.4%) has also decreased in comparison the dead and missing migrants reported route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in than the 571 estimated to have died in to the same period last year, although at a along the whole Central Mediterranean the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Betweenfront of Libyan January shores and between June 2019, January Hellenic slower Authorities pace (4.3 %). route. migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reportedand August 18,448 2018 new (65% arrivals less), toand Greece than the, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival MapEurope 18: in Incidents the region off . theArrivals Libyan this coast year and in Greecenumber areof returned 19 per migrants, January – August 2019. (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months I N C I D E N T S O F F T H E L I B Y A N C O A S T of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and 1 J a n u a r y - 3 1 A u g u s t 2 0 1 9 in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a L I B Y A registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a A L G E R I A

through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugeesN I G E R C H asA D of June (read more here), S U D A N sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four5,950 times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January TandOT AJuneL 2017 . An increase is Zuwara R E T U R N E D (14%), 21followed7 by those arriving from Iraq T(8%),ripoli Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Abusitta 318 Territories (8%),Sa b andrtha theMe sfa Democratict 1,715 Republic of CongoTadjoura h In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly (8%) . In addition to24 that, DTM263 flow monitoring data from8 9the arrivals wereAlkh ureported,ms which continued into 2019 with the 2,913 Evros region in the North of Greece shows thatTRI PtheOLI majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than ZWARA of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . Misrata ALJFARA to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, Syrian Arab Republic,411 Algeria and Iraq AZ ZAWYA here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries ALMARGEB in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Returned Migrants L I B Y A Spain451 - 3 ,0(WMR)00 between January and June 2019, 26 per cent less35 1 - than 450 the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent 101 - 350 AL JABAL MISRATA more than the 9,401A Lregistered GHARBI in the same period of 2017 . 1 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based 1 - 100 Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry of Interior . first Ssixea Ro utemonths of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea Land Route 2 The information on nationality0 breakdown10 20 provided40 in this report is based Kilometers and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. Source Datofa : I OMaltaM, National Authorities, Esri, HERE, Garmin, © OpenStreetMap contributors

464 MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

NIGER HIGHLIGHTS POPULATION FLOW MONITORING Dashboard # 26 Figure 70: Profile of migrants interviewed in Figure 71: Flows observed in Niger, August LAT LDuring 31TR August 2019, a total of 48,553 POPULATION FLOW MONITORING Dashboard # 26 Period: 1 — 31 August 2019 Niger, August 2019. Period: 1 — 31 August 2019 ERindividuals were observed transiting — A NIGER2019. NIGER through theINTRODUCTION 7 active Flow: IOM Monitoringworks with national and local authorities and local partners to identify and DEMOGRAPHICS TRAVELLERS’ PROFILE PRIMARY MEANS OF TRANSPORT IN AUGUST 2019 FLOWS OBSERVED IN AUGUST 2019 (otaine troug irect oseration an interies it (otaine troug irect oseration an interies it migrants, 7 Active FMP in the Niger Points (FMPs)understand in Niger,migration whichmovements representsin West and Central Africa. Flow monitoring is an activity that riers, irregular migration facilitators, orer police an us station TRAVELLERS’ PROFILE 40% migrants, riers, irregular migration facilitators, orer police DEMOGRAPHICS A total of 40,537quantifies migrantsand qualifies andflows, refugeesmigrant profiles, arrivedINTRODUCTIONtrends in Europeand migration routestoat thea given Spanishpoint of autonomousentry,: IOMtransit or enclavesworks of Ceutaanwith us and station Melilla managers)national in and local authoritiesmanagers) and local partners to identify and a 16 per centexit .decreaseThe data collected comparedprovides to antheoverview of migration in the region. The information is collected from (otaine troug irect oseration an interies it migrants, Incoming Internal Outgoing TS O MOMTS OSD (otaine troug irect oseration an interies it 10 Information focal points 64% through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data AA from the 58,002 reportedprimary insources July. . However, this monitoring ofunderstandmigration flows does not replacemigrationborder surveillance. Similarly,movements in West 1and 40%Central Africa. Flow monitoring is an activity that riers, irregular migration facilitators, orer police an us station PRIVATE 32% the results3% presented in this1% report do not reflect the total flow of migrants through the Agadez region due 1,566 DA June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period30% last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared 30% migrants, riers, irregular migration facilitators, orer police AUGUST 2019 SUMMARY VEHICLE BUS 2 An average tooftheT R1,566UCsizeKS of individualsthe SaharaOTHDesert, EperR daywhich coversquantifiesmore7%than 700,000 andkm and hasqualifiesa large number flows,of roads migrantINDIVIDUALSprofiles,RECORDEDtrends20%and migration routes at a given point of entry, transit or managers) when some crisscrossing59,446 seathe andregion land. Since arrivalsFebruary were2016 reported,, IOM Niger 60 has beenoriginmonitoring countrymigration of migrantsflows atand refugees who arrived in Spain 10% an us station managers) 12,825 Individuals entering the Niger were recorded passing through the active P HIC S RSS RER VEETS TERALsix points across VEETSNiger. Given the immensity of the region of Agadez, a new FMP (Madama) on the A per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and June 2019R (33% of the total), followed 0% FMPs duringLibyan this month.border Outwas activatedof the totalin January 20%exit2019 .to Thecapture thedataoutflows duecollectedto the proliferationprovidesof G an overview of migrationEconomic inShort-termtheSeasonalregionTourism. The information is collected from O Adults Minors 17,412 Individuals leaving the Niger 85 per cent lessbypass thanroads the. This 239,157new FMP registeredcomplements betweenthat of Séguédine Januarywhich is nowbyonly Guineacapturing (13%),incoming Maliflows (13%),. The Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal migration local migration TS O MOMTS OSD individuals observed, 72 per cent were 5% EM Female 20 and June 2016data . collected provides an overview of migratoryprimarymovements21% in11%thesourcesregion(8%). (see. moreHowever, here) . thisD monitoring of migration(+ 6 flowsmonths) movementdoes not replace border surveillance. Similarly, AA adult male, 20 per cent were adult females 7% (- 6 months) 1 18,316 Individuals observed NIGER POPULATION FLOW MONITORING POINTS Male 2 40% and the remaining 8 per cent were children. 10% In addition to the three5% FMPs (Dan Barto, Magaria and moving internally Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registeredthe inTahoua) Cyprus,resultsactivated in August,Italianpresenteda new authoritiesFMP was also reportedinsetthisup thereport arrivals of 2,779do migrantsnot reflect the OIItotal O Tflow MOMTSofOSDmigrants through the Agadez region due 1,566 DA in Niger (Dan8% Issa) in September5% . The1%aim was to 30% The main reasons cited for movement 8% 9% Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between4% January and June ID 2019 . ArrivalsD AS in 1 pp Niger better4% understand migration routes along the southern 2 S

3% S 48,553 Number of individuals are economic migration, short term local 1% 1% to0% the size of the Sahara Desert,E which covers more than 700,000 km and has a large number of roads have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterraneanpart of the Niger, and theto complement first six themonthsexisting FMPsof 2019in haveI decreased by 83 per cent Nigeria INDIVIDUALS RECORDED 20% T observed at the FMP movement, seasonal migration and tourism I Arlit and Séguédine. There are now three cross-border L I D SOS route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period ofB 2018 2when 16,577 arrivals Libya HIC (in descending order). crisscrossingFMPs (Dan Issa, Dan BartotheandregionMagaria) on. Sincethe A February 2016 , IOM Niger has been monitoring migration flows at All data included in this report is based on R 10% P rescued and brought to Italy and Malta in their attemptborder between to the Nigerwereand registered,Nigeria, which andstretches are onlyE a fragment of the 83,752 estimates. IOM makes no guarantees as to the SOS IT SIA 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% LN over 1,000 km. The FMP at Tahoua was set up to A timeliness, suitability, accuracy, reliability, quality or On a daily average, 562 individuals six points across Niger. Given1Othe MTAimmensity DISAIITIS of the regionTourism of Agadez, a new FMP (Madama) on the

cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January andVU June 2017 . Twenty-one per

understand internal movement flows as it is situated in R 0% completeness of the data contained in this report. Seasonal migration were leaving Niger while 414 individuals central Niger. The Tahoua region borders Tillabery region Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants registered in the first half of the year were Short-term local movement (- 6 months) G Libyanin the east, Nigeriaborderin the south and thewasAgadez regionactivatedin in January 2019 to capture the outflows due to the proliferation of The depiction and use of boundaries, geographic names, and related data shownwereon maps enteringand included in thisNiger.report are Majoritynot warranted toofbe errorthesefree nor AT OM 1 pp Economic migration (+ 6 months) Economic Short-term Seasonal Tourism KEY RESULTS IN AUGUST 2019 2 O do they imply judgment on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsementWesternor acceptance ofandsuch boundariesthe Centralby the IOM Mediterranean. routes as thethenorth main. Madama FMPofis Tunisianlocated at theorigin,border followedbetween by those from Pakistan (15%), Adults Minors were observedThe depiction inand useArlitof boundaries, (21%)geographic names, andand related Dandata shown on maps and FLOWS OBSERVED IN AUGUST 2019 included in this report are not warranted to be error free nor do they imply judgment on the legal ITDD DSTIATIO O T MOMTS OSD route taken bystatus oftheany territory, migrantsor any endorsement orandacceptance refugeesof suchboundaries by arrivingthe IOM. bypass• toLibyaThe Europeanddatathein roadstheNigergraph. Algeriaon.theThisleft (10%),showsnew the Iraqflows (9%)FMP and othercomplements African and Southernthat of Séguédine which is now only capturing incoming flows. The migration local migration Barto (8%). To a lesser extent, internal observed at the seven active FMPs in the Niger in pp: percentage point

The new FMPs will be piloted in the coming months to understand their added value towards a more holistic EM • Incoming flows were relatively calm during the month of August with a daily average of about 414 individuals passing through the seven FMPs every day. The Niger Female movementsbetween January understandingwere and observed Juneof migration 2019 at . trendsMagariain the Niger. BasedAuguston the2019initial. AnfindingsaverageAsianfromof 1 countries,566the individualsnew FMPs, . (readperthere moremay here) . Tunisian nationals also 20 most important peak was observed on 15 August, when about individuals entered the Niger through the seven FMPs. data collected provides an overview of migratory movements in the region. D (+ 6 months) movement be adjustments to the new FMPs implemented baseddayonweremigrationrecordedpatternsatmadetheandseven routesupFMPs the. duringmajoritythis of arrivalsN Countrybetween of Januaryorigin and June% Variation The trend of outgoing flows was constant throughout the month with an average of 562 individuals leaving the Niger across the seven FMPs each day. O Nigeria • (5%) and Tahoua (4%). I

month. T The EasternMETHODOLOGY Mediterranean : routeFlow monitoring was alsois antheinvestigative most activetool that aims to highlight further understanding of 1 Three major peaks of more than 1,000 individuals were observed on 1, 4 and 8 August when respectively 1,115; 1,008 and 1,531 individuals were observed leaving 2018 (18% of the total), followedA igeby migrantsr from Eritrea9 pp (- 6 months)

• The majority of observed flows (62%) were N the Niger. The internal movements observed throughout August also remained relatively constantroutewith inan theaverage internal,firstof 593sixcross individualsmonths-border andofobserved 2018,intraregional eachmakingdaymigration. up 42. Areas per ofcenthigh mobility are identified across the country. I Male 2 Sixty-two per cent of the flows were MapNI 19:GE DTMR P FlowO PMonitoringULAT presenceION F inL Niger.OW MOT NITORING POINTS Libya DTM teams then conduct assessments at the localcrosslevel-borderto identify: 41 strategicper(15%),centtransit Sudanof pointsthese (9%),. Enumeratorswere Nigeria (7%),S andig eriaCôte d’Ivoire (6%) . 1 ppIn addition to the three FMPs (Dan Barto, Magaria and However one important peak was observed on 2 August when 1,168 individuals moving internally were observed. E

crossof registered border: arrivals, 41 per followed cent of by these the Westernwere Mediterraneanbetween the Niger and Nigeria, followed by 13 D 2 000 collect data using key informants at the Flow Monitoring Points; they may be staff at bus stations, police or per cent with Algeria and 8 per cent with Libya. iya 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% Incoming Internal Outgoingobserved betweencustoms officials, Nigerbus andor truck Nigeria,drivers, or migrants themselves. A basic questionnaire mixed with direct Tahoua) activated in August, a was also set up OII O T MOMTS OSD route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route• (28%)The majority. of internalA totalmovements of 1,256 were migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in new FMP 1 500 observations makes it possible to collect disaggregated data by gender and nationality. In the Niger, the Flow Oter 2 1 pp ATIOAITIS OSD followed by 13 per cent with Algeria and observed in Arlit (21%the) and firstDan Bartohalf (of8% )2019. To a . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between JanuaryMonitoring andPoints Junewere chosen 2019,after Hellenicconsultation Authoritieswith national and local stakeholders involved in migration Niger

lesser extent, internal movements were INTENDED in Niger (Dan Issa) in September. The aim was to 1 000 8 per cent management,with Libya.and Inaccording Augustto 2019,the locations and characteristics of the flows transiting through the Sahara Country of destination % Variation observed in Magaria (5migrants%) and Tahoua reported(4%). to have arrived in Malta in the first six Nigeria outgoingreported flows18,448Desert (17,412)new. The dataarrivals collectionwere to higherGreeceis done thanat, makingtimes when thethe Easternflows are the most frequent. ND ID D AS 1 pp A Chad Niger 500 LIMITATIONS: The data used in this analysis,•includingIn Augustthe maps,2019is an, monthsestimateoutgoingand offlows represents2018 (. 17According,357only a part to the availableiger data from national pp better understand migration routes along the southern incomingMediterranean flows route (12,825 the mostindividuals), active routebut for arrivalsindividuals) to were higher than incoming flows IN of the existing flows on the route 1: Agadez - Arlit - Assamaka; route 2 : Agadez - Séguédine – Sebha; and Mali S IG igeria 21 pp (12,825 individuals). authorities,On a daily average, Sudan 562 is the first reported nationality at arrival - Europe in theroute region3: and . Arrivalssouthern thisroutes year. The inspatial Greeceand temporalare 19 percoverage of these surveys is partial, although the Sudan E lower than outgoing flows tracked in July OR individuals were leaving the country while 414 2 iya pppart of the Niger, and to complement the existing FMPs in I collection is done daily and during periods when flows are significant. Finally,(37%),no informationfollowed isbycollected Eritreaon (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . Other Nigeria 2019cent lower (19,025). than theThe 22,899 remaining registered 18,316 in the first sixindividuals monthswere entering the Niger. T existing flows outside the times covered. Vulnerability data is based on direct observations by the I

individuals observedenumerators wereand shouldmovingbe internallyunderstood only as an estimate. Arlit and0% 20%Séguédine40% 60% 80%. 100%There are now three cross-border L of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and I Variations calculated based on data from the previous month D SOS (38%in 2017 of . allTwenty-two observed movement per cent ofduring all migrants the and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a B 2 Libya

TIS OT IS DD T OA FMPs (Dan Issa, Dan Barto and Magaria) on the A THIS PROJECT IS FUNDED BY THE EUROPEAN TERATALTERATAL RAAT RAAT R R RAT RAT [email protected] [email protected] www.globaldtm.info/niger- www.globaldtm.info INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION tmnigeriom.int .gloaltm.infoniger TIS OT IS IMMTD month).. IO ADTHIS T PROJECT DATMT IS IMPLEMENT O ED UNION AND THE DEPARTMENTUK DEPARTMENT FOR FOR Credentials: Credentials:When Whenquoting, quoting,paraphrasing paraphrasingor in orany in anyway wayusing usingthe theinformation informationmentioned mentionedin this in report,thisregistered report,the source the source needs needsarrivingto be tostated be staappropriatelyted in appropriately Greeceas follows: as follows: so far crossed into thereentials: country en uoting, paraprasingsignificant or in any ay using increase te information mentionein arrivals in tis report, in te source2019 nees and to e sta tehave appropriately registered as follos: a ITATIOA DOMT BYBYIOM IOM R INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT “Source:“Source:“Source:International International InternationalOrganization Organization Organizationfor forMigration for Migration Migration(IOM), (IOM), (IOM),(month, [August, [May,year), 2019], 2019],Displacement Displacement DisplacementTracking Tracking TrackingMatrix Matrix Matrix(DTM)”. (DTM)”. (DTM)”. “Source: International Organization for Migration (IOM), [August,2 2019], Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM)”. 1 ttps:migration.iom.int https://migration.iom.int through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), border between the Niger and Nigeria, which stretches E sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 SOS IT SIA 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% over 1,000 km. The FMP at Tahoua was set up to LN in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the 1O MTA DISAIITIS Tourism

VU the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is understand internal movement flows as it is situated in Seasonal migration (14%), followed by those arriving from Iraq (8%), Palestinian also observed in registered entries to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . central Niger. The Tahoua region borders Tillabery region Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly Short-term local movement (- 6 months) (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the in the east, Nigeria in the south and the Agadez region in 1 pp Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than 2 AT OM Economic migration (+ 6 months) of migrants (45%) who were registered arriving Thefromdepiction Turkey and use of108boundaries, registeredgeographic in the samenames, periodand ofrelated 2018data (readshown moreon heremaps) . and the north. Madama FMP is located at the border between to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish originincluded (read morein this report arePakistan,not warranted Afghanistan,to be error Syrianfree Arabnor do Republic,they imply Algeriajudgment andon theIraqlegal ITDD DSTIATIO O T MOMTS OSD statusof any territory,or any endorsement or acceptanceof suchboundaries by the IOM. Libya and the Niger. here) . were the main nationality groups registered in the countries The new FMPsin the regionwill inbe the firstpiloted half of 2019in . the coming months to understand their added value towards a more holistic pp: percentage point A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Niger Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019,understanding 26 per cent of migration trends in the Niger. Based on the initial findings from the new FMPs, there may less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent more than the 9,401 registered in the same periodbe ofadjustments 2017 . 1 The informationto the on nationalitynew breakdownFMPs providedimplemented in this report is based based on migration patterns and routes. N Country of origin % Variation O Nigeria Among the total registered migrants arriving to Spain in the on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Italian Ministry I METHODOLOGYof Interior . : Flow monitoring is an investigative tool that aims to highlight further understanding of T first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea A 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based iger 9 pp

and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government N internal, crossof- Maltaborder and intraregional migration. Areas of high mobility are identified across the country. I

T Libya DTM teams then conduct assessments at the local level to identify strategic transit points. Enumerators S igeria 1 pp E

4 collect data using key informants at theBACK TOFlow CONTENTSMonitoring47 Points; they may be staff at bus stations, police or D iya 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% customs officials, bus or truck drivers, or migrants themselves. A basic questionnaire mixed with direct observations makes it possible to collect disaggregated data by gender and nationality. In the Niger, the Flow Oter 2 1 pp ATIOAITIS OSD Monitoring Points were chosen after consultation with national and local stakeholders involved in migration Niger management, and according to the locations and characteristics of the flows transiting through the Sahara INTENDED Country of destination % Variation Nigeria

Desert. The data collection is done at times when the flows are the most frequent. ND

A Chad LIMITATIONS: The data used in this analysis, including the maps, is an estimate and represents only a part iger pp of the existing flows on the route 1: Agadez - Arlit - Assamaka; route 2 : Agadez - Séguédine – Sebha; and IN Mali IG igeria 21 pp route 3: and southern routes. The spatial and temporal coverage of these surveys is partial, although the Sudan OR iya pp collection is done daily and during periods when flows are significant. Finally, no information is collected on Other existing flows outside the times covered. Vulnerability data is based on direct observations by the enumerators and should be understood only as an estimate. 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Variations calculated based on data from the previous month

TIS OT IS DD T OA INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION tmnigeriom.int .gloaltm.infoniger TIS OT IS IMMTD IO AD T DATMT O reentials: en uoting, paraprasing or in any ay using te information mentione in tis report, te source nees to e state appropriately as follos: IOM ITATIOA DOMT “Source: International Organization for Migration (IOM), [August, 2019], Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM)”. 1 ttps:migration.iom.int MIXEDMIXED MIGRATIONMIGRATION FLOWSFLOWS ININ THETHE MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN CompilationCompilation ofof AvailableAvailable DataData andand InformationInformation AugustJune 2019 2019

MISSING MIGRANTS:HIGHLIGHTS FATALITIES/MISSING IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AND AEGEAN

A total of 40,537 migrants and refugees arrived in Europe to the Spanish autonomous enclaves73 dead/missing of Ceuta and Melilla in through different land and sea routes between January and the North of Africa . According to available data from the 1 to 31 August 2019 June 2019, 29 per cent less than the same period last year, Spanish Ministry of Interior, Morocco is the first declared when some 59,446 sea and land arrivals were reported, 60 origin country of migrants and91 refugees3 dead/missing who arrived in Spain per cent less than the 105,884 arrivals registered in 2017 and between January and JuneJanuary 2019 (33% to August of the total), 2019 followed 85 per cent less than the 239,157 registered between January by Guinea (13%), Mali (13%), Côte d’Ivoire (8%) and Senegal and June 2016 . (8%) (see more here) . Fifty-seven per cent of all arrivals were registered in Cyprus, Italian authorities reported the arrivals of 2,779 migrants Bulgaria and Greece . Another 33 per cent of individuals and refugees between January and June 2019 . Arrivals in have arrived in Europe through the Western Mediterranean the first six months of 2019 have decreased0 by 83 per cent route leading to Spain, and the remaining 10 per cent were compared to the same period of 2018 when 16,577 arrivals rescued and brought to21 Italy3 and 6Malta in their attempt to were67 registered, and are only a fragment57 of the 83,752 cross the Central Mediterranean route . This indicates that the reported between January and June 2017 . Twenty-one per Eastern Mediterranean route continues to surpass both the cent of migrants643 registered in the first half of the year were Western and the Central Mediterranean routes as the main of Tunisian origin, followed by those from Pakistan (15%), route taken by the migrants and refugees arriving to Europe Algeria (10%), Iraq (9%) and other African and Southern between January and June 2019 . Asian countries . (read more here) . Tunisian nationals also made up the majority of arrivals between January and June The Eastern Mediterranean route was also the most active 2018 (18% of the total), followed by migrants from Eritrea1 route in the first six months of 2018, making up 42 per cent (15%), Sudan (9%), Nigeria (7%), and Côte d’Ivoire (6%) . of registered arrivals, followed by the WesternMedi Mediterraneanterranean fatalities 2017 - 2019 route (30%) and the Central Mediterranean route (28%) . A total of 1,256 migrants and refugees arrived in Malta in the first half of 2019 . This is significantly higher than the 235 Between January and June 2019, Hellenic Authorities migrants reported to have arrived in Malta in the first six reported 18,448 new2017 arrivals to Greece, making the Eastern months of 2018 . According to the available data from national Mediterranean route2018 the most active route for arrivals to authorities, Sudan is the first reported nationality at arrival Europe in the region2019 . Arrivals this year in Greece are 19 per (37%), followed by Eritrea2 (12%) and Nigeria (8%) . cent lower than the 22,899 registered in the first six months of 2018 and 73 per cent more than the 10,679 reported Authorities in the Western Balkans, namely Bosnia and in 2017 . Twenty-two per cent of all migrants and refugees Herzegovina, Albania and Montenegro, have observed a registered arriving in Greece so far crossed into the country significant increase in arrivals in 2019 and have registered a through land routes, and the remaining 78 per cent arrived by total of 15,549 and refugees as of June (read more here), sea . Forty per cent of the registered population that arrived This is 36 per cent more than the 11,413 registered in 2018 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec *up to 31 Aug 2019 in the country by sea were of Afghan origin . Nationals from in all three countries and twenty-four times higher than the the Syrian Arab Republic were the second most registered 649 registered between January and June 2017 . An increase is (14%), followed by those arrivingChild from fIraqatalities (8%), Palestinian in the Meditalsoerranean observed in2 0registered17 - 20 entries19 to Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) . Territories (8%), and the Democratic Republic of Congo In the second half of 2018, 80 per cent of the overall yearly 100 2017 (8%) . In addition to that, DTM flow monitoring data from the arrivals were reported, which continued into 2019 with the 2018 Evros region in the North of Greece shows that the majority reporting of 496 migrants as of June, five times more than 2019 of migrants50 (45%) who were registered arriving from Turkey 108 registered in the same period of 2018 (read more here) . 18 to Greece, mainly by land, were of Turkish origin (read more Pakistan, Afghanistan, 14Syrian Arab Republic, Algeria and Iraq 1 1 5 9 3 2 1 3 5 6 5 5 3 1 7 1 1 4 6 1 Eastern Mediterranean here) . 0 were the main nationality groups registered in the countries Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec in the region in the first half of 2019 . A total of 13,263 migrants and refugees were registered in Central Mediterranean 3 | 10 | 3 4 | 2 | 1 2 | 1 6 | 2 18 | 2 3 | 6 | 1 7 | 12 | 1 1 1 | 20 4 - Spain (WMR) between January and June 2019, 26 per cent 2017 | 2018 | 2019 2 | 1 | 4 - | 6 | 1 1 1 - | 1 1 - - - | 1 - | 3 4 | 1 1 | 4 Western Mediterranean less than the 17,950 registered in 2018, and 41 per cent 2017 | 2018 | 2019

more than the*Data 9,401 for child registered fatalities data inon the Central same Mediterranean period of route 2017 is incomplete . as most1 bodiesThe information are never recovered. on nationality The true breakdown number is not provided known. in this report is based Among the totalMap isregistered for illustrative purpose.migrants Boundaries arriving and namesto Spain used andin designationsthe shown do onnot theimply nationality official endorsement declared orby accepta migrantsnce as by reportedIOM. by the Italian Ministry of Interior . www.MissingMigrants.iom.int first six months of 2019, 79 per cent (10,475) arrived by sea 2 The information on nationality breakdown provided in this report is based and the remaining 21 per cent (2,788) arrived by land, mainly on the nationality declared by migrants as reported by the Government of Malta

484 ABOUT THIS REPORT

ABOUTThe Displacement THIS REPORT TrackingMIXED Matrix MIGRATION (DTM) is FLOWSa system IN to THE track MEDITERRANEAN and monitor displacement and population mobility. It is designed to regularly Compilation of Available Data and Information and systematically capture,MayAugust process 2019 2019 and disseminate information to provide a better understanding of the movements and evolving needs of IOM’sdisplaced Displacement populations, Tracking whether Matrix on site (DTM) or en isroute. a suite Flow of tools Monitoring* and methodologies is one of DTM designed components to track developed and analyze to human collect mobilitydata on inpopulation different displacementmovements at contexts points strategicallyin a continuous selected manner. inside To a gather country, and a disseminateregion or across information different about regions. the migrant The objectives populations of themoving Flow through Monitoring the Mediterranean,exercise are to improveup the Western understanding Balkan Route of profiles, and through migration the Northern routes and Route migration into Europe, drivers ofin Septemberpopulation 2015on the DTM move, established expand relevant a Flow Monitoringactors´ awareness System. ofThe immediate Flow Monitoring and medium System term includes needs ofa monthlypopulation flows on the compilation move, to thenreports, inform quarterly humanitarian regional and overview resilience and programs dataset, whichand to provideinform possiblean overview reintegration of migration and developmentflows in countries strategies of firstand activitiesarrival and in the other communities countries alongof origin the orroute in other in Europe, areas. and an analysis of trends across the region. The data on registered arrivals is collated by IOM through consultations with ministries of interior, coast guards,Regular policeupdates forces on populationand other relevant movements national to Europeauthorities. across Data the on Mediterranean, arrivals is displayed migrants and regularlypresence updated in Western (twice Balkans a week) and on publishedthe Flow Monitoringinformation Europeproducts Geoportal can be found. at Flow Monitoring Europe Geoportal. *The Flow Monitoring activities do not aim at providing total numbers of migration stocks nor flows in each country or region.

Flow Monitoring Surveys AccessMixed Migration to Education Flows in forthe MediterraneanRefugee ArrivalsMixed toMigration Europe – FlowsQ1 2019 in Datasetthe and– April Migrant 2019 Children in Europe Mediterranean – July 2019 The DTM system also includes flow (September 2019) monitoring surveys to capture additional and moremore in-depthin-depth data data on on the the people people on theon move,the move, including including age, sex, age, areas sex, of origin,areas levelsof origin, of education,levels of education,key transit keypoints transit on theirpoints route, on motivestheir route, and intentions.motives Theand questionnaireintentions. The also questionnaire has a module also with has a set a ofmodule questions with ona set vulnerabilities, of questions exploitative on human practicestrafficking, and exploitative abuse, including practices two and indicatorsabuse, including on sexual two and indicators physical on violence. sexual Thisand physicaldata has violence. been captured This data by IOMhas been field staffcaptured in by Greece, IOM field the staff Republic in Greece, of the North Macedonia,Republic of Serbia,North Macedonia, Hungary, Croatia,Serbia, Italy,Hungary, Montenegro, Croatia, Italy, Kosovo Montenegro, (UNSCR 1244),Kosovo Albania,(UNSCR Bosnia 1244), and Albania, Herzegovina, Spain, Romania,Bulgaria and Spain, Slovenia Bulgaria in different and Slovenia periods in differentsince October periods 2015.since OctoberThe analysis 2015. Theof analysisdata collected of data collectedbetween between 2015 2015and Turkey – Migrant Presence Monitoring – and2018 2018 is available is available on theon theIOM IOM portal portal for Europe – Mixed Migration Flows to forMediterranean Mediterranean. . SituationEurope – ReportQuarterly (May Overview 2019) (April - June 2019) About Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) Displacement Tracking matrixMatrix is a system to track and monitor displacement and population mobility, provide critical information to decision-makers and responders during crises, and contribute to better understanding of population flows. DTM waswas first first conceptualized conceptualized in in 2004 to monitor internal displacement in Iraq and has since been adapted for implementation in over 70 countries, including in contexts of conflict, naturalnatural disaster, complex emergencies and protracted crises. More information about DTM and Methodological Framework used in DTM operations can be found on the global displacement.iom.int.

Information contained in this document has been Data collection activities in Turkey Data collection activities received from a variety of sources including: national supported by: supported by: authorities, national and international organizations as well as media reports. Specific sources are not named in the report. The information collected has been triangulated through various sources in efforts to ensure accuracy of the content, and where information has not been confirmed, this has been noted in the report.

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