Harry Hoogstraal Papers, Circa 1940-1986
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Human Parasitisation with Nymphal Dermacentor Auratus Supino, 1897 (Acari: Ixodoiidea: Ixodidae)
Veterinary Practitioner Vol. 20 No. 2 December 2019 HUMAN PARASITISATION WITH NYMPHAL DERMACENTOR AURATUS SUPINO, 1897 (ACARI: IXODOIIDEA: IXODIDAE) Saidul Islam1, Prabhat Chandra Sarmah2 and Kanta Bhattacharjee3 Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati- 781 022, Assam, India Received on: 29.09.2019 ABSTRACT Accepted on: 03.11.2019 Human parasitisation with nymphal tick and its morhphology has been described. First author accidentally acquired with three nymphal tick infestation from wilderness. Nymphs were attached in hand and both the arm pits leading to intense itching, oedematous swelling and pinkish skin discolouration at the site of attachment. On sixth day of infestation there was mild pyrexia, the differential leukocytic count showed polymorphs 68%, lymphocytes 27%, monocytes 2% and eosinophils 3%. Though the conditions were ameliorated after steroid therapy, yet, the site of attachment was indurated for 8 months which gradually resolved. A nymph replete with blood meal was put in a desiccator with sufficient humidity at room temperature of 170C for moulting that transformed into adult female in 43 days measuring 5.0 X 5.5 mm in size. Detail morphological study confirmed the species as Dermacentor auratus Supino, 1897. Significance of human tick parasitisation has been reviewed and warranted for transmission of possible vector borne pathogens. Key words: Dermacentor auratus, nymph, human, India Introduction Result and Discussion Ticks form a major group of ectoparasites of animals, Tick species and morphology birds and reptiles to cause different types of direct injuries The partially fed nymphs were brown coloured measuring and transmit infectious diseases. Human parasitisation 2.0 X 2.5 mm in size with deep cervical groove, nearly circular by tick, although not common as compared to the animals, small scutum broadest in the middle and 3/3 dentition in the has been recorded in different parts of the world (Wassef hypostome. -
Spiroplasma Infection Among Ixodid Ticks Exhibits Species Dependence and Suggests a Vertical Pattern of Transmission
microorganisms Article Spiroplasma Infection among Ixodid Ticks Exhibits Species Dependence and Suggests a Vertical Pattern of Transmission Shohei Ogata 1, Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed 1 , Kodai Kusakisako 1,2, May June Thu 1,†, Yongjin Qiu 3 , Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa 1,4 , Keita Matsuno 5,6 , Ken Katakura 1, Nariaki Nonaka 1 and Ryo Nakao 1,* 1 Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Hokkaido University, N 18 W 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan; [email protected] (S.O.); [email protected] (W.M.A.M.); [email protected] (K.K.); [email protected] (M.J.T.); [email protected] (M.A.M.M.); [email protected] (K.K.); [email protected] (N.N.) 2 Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan 3 Hokudai Center for Zoonosis Control in Zambia, School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; [email protected] 4 Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt 5 Unit of Risk Analysis and Management, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N 20 W 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; [email protected] 6 International Collaboration Unit, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N 20 W 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan Citation: Ogata, S.; Mohamed, * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-11-706-5196 W.M.A.; Kusakisako, K.; Thu, M.J.; † Present address: Food Control Section, Department of Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Sports, Zabu Thiri, Nay Pyi Taw 15011, Myanmar. -
Comparative Functional Morphology of Attachment Devices in Arachnida
Comparative functional morphology of attachment devices in Arachnida Vergleichende Funktionsmorphologie der Haftstrukturen bei Spinnentieren (Arthropoda: Arachnida) DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) an der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel vorgelegt von Jonas Otto Wolff geboren am 20. September 1986 in Bergen auf Rügen Kiel, den 2. Juni 2015 Erster Gutachter: Prof. Stanislav N. Gorb _ Zweiter Gutachter: Dr. Dirk Brandis _ Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 17. Juli 2015 _ Zum Druck genehmigt: 17. Juli 2015 _ gez. Prof. Dr. Wolfgang J. Duschl, Dekan Acknowledgements I owe Prof. Stanislav Gorb a great debt of gratitude. He taught me all skills to get a researcher and gave me all freedom to follow my ideas. I am very thankful for the opportunity to work in an active, fruitful and friendly research environment, with an interdisciplinary team and excellent laboratory equipment. I like to express my gratitude to Esther Appel, Joachim Oesert and Dr. Jan Michels for their kind and enthusiastic support on microscopy techniques. I thank Dr. Thomas Kleinteich and Dr. Jana Willkommen for their guidance on the µCt. For the fruitful discussions and numerous information on physical questions I like to thank Dr. Lars Heepe. I thank Dr. Clemens Schaber for his collaboration and great ideas on how to measure the adhesive forces of the tiny glue droplets of harvestmen. I thank Angela Veenendaal and Bettina Sattler for their kind help on administration issues. Especially I thank my students Ingo Grawe, Fabienne Frost, Marina Wirth and André Karstedt for their commitment and input of ideas. -
TICKS in RELATION to HUMAN DISEASES CAUSED by <I
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln U.S. Navy Research U.S. Department of Defense 1967 TICKS IN RELATION TO HUMAN DISEASES CAUSED BY RICKETTSIA SPECIES Harry Hoogstraal Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usnavyresearch This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Defense at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in U.S. Navy Research by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. TICKS IN RELATION TO HUMAN DISEASES CAUSED BY RICKETTSIA SPECIES1,2 By HARRY HOOGSTRAAL Department oj Medical Zoology, United States Naval Medical Research Unit Number Three, Cairo, Egypt, U.A.R. Rickettsiae (185) are obligate intracellular parasites that multiply by binary fission in the cells of both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. They are pleomorphic coccobacillary bodies with complex cell walls containing muramic acid, and internal structures composed of ribonucleic and deoxyri bonucleic acids. Rickettsiae show independent metabolic activity with amino acids and intermediate carbohydrates as substrates, and are very susceptible to tetracyclines as well as to other antibiotics. They may be considered as fastidious bacteria whose major unique character is their obligate intracellu lar life, although there is at least one exception to this. In appearance, they range from coccoid forms 0.3 J.I. in diameter to long chains of bacillary forms. They are thus intermediate in size between most bacteria and filterable viruses, and form the family Rickettsiaceae Pinkerton. They stain poorly by Gram's method but well by the procedures of Macchiavello, Gimenez, and Giemsa. -
Gamasid Mites
NATIONAL RESEARCH TOMSK STATE UNIVERSITY BIOLOGICAL INSTITUTE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ZOOLOGICAL INSTITUTE M.V. Orlova, M.K. Stanyukovich, O.L. Orlov GAMASID MITES (MESOSTIGMATA: GAMASINA) PARASITIZING BATS (CHIROPTERA: RHINOLOPHIDAE, VESPERTILIONIDAE, MOLOSSIDAE) OF PALAEARCTIC BOREAL ZONE (RUSSIA AND ADJACENT COUNTRIES) Scientific editor Andrey S. Babenko, Doctor of Science, professor, National Research Tomsk State University Tomsk Publishing House of Tomsk State University 2015 UDK 576.89:599.4 BBK E693.36+E083 Orlova M.V., Stanyukovich M.K., Orlov O.L. Gamasid mites (Mesostigmata: Gamasina) associated with bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae, Rhinolophidae, Molossidae) of boreal Palaearctic zone (Russia and adjacent countries) / Scientific editor A.S. Babenko. – Tomsk : Publishing House of Tomsk State University, 2015. – 150 р. ISBN 978-5-94621-523-7 Bat gamasid mites is a highly specialized ectoparasite group which is of great interest due to strong isolation and other unique features of their hosts (the ability to fly, long distance migration, long-term hibernation). The book summarizes the results of almost 60 years of research and is the most complete summary of data on bat gamasid mites taxonomy, biology, ecol- ogy. It contains the first detailed description of bat wintering experience in sev- eral regions of the boreal Palaearctic. The book is addressed to zoologists, ecologists, experts in environmental protection and biodiversity conservation, students and teachers of biology, vet- erinary science and medicine. UDK 576.89:599.4 -
Karl Jordan: a Life in Systematics
AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF Kristin Renee Johnson for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History of SciencePresented on July 21, 2003. Title: Karl Jordan: A Life in Systematics Abstract approved: Paul Lawrence Farber Karl Jordan (1861-1959) was an extraordinarily productive entomologist who influenced the development of systematics, entomology, and naturalists' theoretical framework as well as their practice. He has been a figure in existing accounts of the naturalist tradition between 1890 and 1940 that have defended the relative contribution of naturalists to the modem evolutionary synthesis. These accounts, while useful, have primarily examined the natural history of the period in view of how it led to developments in the 193 Os and 40s, removing pre-Synthesis naturalists like Jordan from their research programs, institutional contexts, and disciplinary homes, for the sake of synthesis narratives. This dissertation redresses this picture by examining a naturalist, who, although often cited as important in the synthesis, is more accurately viewed as a man working on the problems of an earlier period. This study examines the specific problems that concerned Jordan, as well as the dynamic institutional, international, theoretical and methodological context of entomology and natural history during his lifetime. It focuses upon how the context in which natural history has been done changed greatly during Jordan's life time, and discusses the role of these changes in both placing naturalists on the defensive among an array of new disciplines and attitudes in science, and providing them with new tools and justifications for doing natural history. One of the primary intents of this study is to demonstrate the many different motives and conditions through which naturalists came to and worked in natural history. -
Curculio a Newsletter Devoted to Dissemination of Knowledge About Curculionoidea
CURCULIO A NEWSLETTER DEVOTED TO DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CURCULIONOIDEA NO. 41 - MARCH 1997 CANADIAN MUSEUM OF NATURE P.O. BOX 3443, STATION D EDITED BY OTTAWA, ON. K1P 6P4 ROBERT S. ANDERSON CANADA Mike Morris (retired) September 1992, Poland CURCULIO EDITORIAL COMMENTS Yes, this number of CURCULIO is late. It should have been prepared and sent out in September of 1996, but our museum has been going through a move to new facilities and things have been in turmoil. We are now settled in and most services are up and running again. The collections, which were packed away for the move, are also now accessible again. Seems that things went quite well and in fact our Entomology section fared quite well as the move into our new facilities resulted in a great deal more space than we already had. We’re now getting the laboratories prepared and should be back to full speed in the near future. Our mailing address has not changed! On another note, congratulations are in order for Rolf Oberprieler who has accepted the weevil systematics position at CSIRO in Canberra, Australia. This will be a great new challenge for Rolf and one in which we can all be sure he will fare admirably. The Australian weevil fauna is exceptionally diverse and interesting and with the recent books by Elwood Zimmerman, a great base has been set for further and more detailed work on the fauna. I understand Rolf will be there sometime this summer. Now all he has to do is master ‘G’Day’ and ‘mate’ and he’ll have it made! Best wishes to Rolf and his family. -
Annual Meeting
Volume 97 | Number 5 Volume VOLUME 97 NOVEMBER 2017 NUMBER 5 SUPPLEMENT SIXTY-SIXTH ANNUAL MEETING November 5–9, 2017 The Baltimore Convention Center | Baltimore, Maryland USA The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene The American Journal of Tropical astmh.org ajtmh.org #TropMed17 Supplement to The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ASTMH FP Cover 17.indd 1-3 10/11/17 1:48 PM Welcome to TropMed17, our yearly assembly for stimulating research, clinical advances, special lectures, guests and bonus events. Our keynote speaker this year is Dr. Paul Farmer, Co-founder and Chief Strategist of Partners In Health (PIH). In addition, Dr. Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, will deliver a plenary session Thursday, November 9. Other highlighted speakers include Dr. Scott O’Neill, who will deliver the Fred L. Soper Lecture; Dr. Claudio F. Lanata, the Vincenzo Marcolongo Memorial Lecture; and Dr. Jane Cardosa, the Commemorative Fund Lecture. We are pleased to announce that this year’s offerings extend beyond communicating top-rated science to direct service to the global community and a number of novel events: • Get a Shot. Give a Shot.® Through Walgreens’ Get a Shot. Give a Shot.® campaign, you can not only receive your free flu shot, but also provide a lifesaving vaccine to a child in need via the UN Foundation’s Shot@Life campaign. • Under the Net. Walk in the shoes of a young girl living in a refugee camp through the virtual reality experience presented by UN Foundation’s Nothing But Nets campaign. -
Host Finding of the Pigeon Tick Argas Reflexus
Medical and Veterinary Entomology (2016) 30, 193–199 doi: 10.1111/mve.12165 Host finding of the pigeon tick Argas reflexus B. BOXLER1, P.ODERMATT2,3 andD. HAAG-WACKERNAGEL1 1Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland , 2Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland and 3University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Abstract. The medically and veterinary important feral pigeon tick Argas reflexus (Ixodida: Argasidae) Fabricius usually feeds on pigeons, but if its natural hosts are not available, it also enters dwellings to bite humans that can possibly react with severe allergic reactions. Argas reflexus is ecologically extremely successful as a result of some outstanding morphological, physiological, and ethological features. Yet, it is still unknown how the pigeon tick finds its hosts. Here, different host stimuli such as living nestlings as well as begging calls, body heat, smell, host breath and tick faeces, were tested under controlled laboratory conditions. Of all stimuli tested, only heat played a role in host-finding. The heat stimulus was then tested under natural conditions withina pigeon loft. The results showed that A. reflexus is able to find a host over short distances of only a few centimetres. Furthermore, it finds its host by random movements and recognizes a host only right before direct contact is made. The findings are useful for the control of A. reflexus in infested apartments, both to diagnose an infestation and to perform a success monitoring after disinfestation. Key words. Columba livia, body heat, ectoparasite, feral pigeon, host cues, host detection, host stimuli. Introduction and as an Argasid typically remains within the nest or burrow of its hosts (Klowden, 2010). -
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Humans and Livestock, Pakistan, 2015–2017 Ali Zohaib, Muhammad Saqib, Muhammad A
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Humans and Livestock, Pakistan, 2015–2017 Ali Zohaib, Muhammad Saqib, Muhammad A. Athar, Muhammad H. Hussain, Awais-ur-Rahman Sial, Muhammad H. Tayyab, Murrafa Batool, Halima Sadia, Zeeshan Taj, Usman Tahir, Muhammad Y. Jakhrani, Jawad Tayyab, Muhammad A. Kakar, Muhammad F. Shahid, Tahir Yaqub, Jingyuan Zhang, Qiaoli Wu, Fei Deng, Victor M. Corman, Shu Shen, Iahtasham Khan, Zheng-Li Shi World Health Organization Research and Develop- We detected Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infections in 4 provinces of Pakistan during 2017–2018. ment Blueprint (https://www.who.int/blueprint/ Overall, seroprevalence was 2.7% in humans and 36.2% priority-diseases) because of its potential to cause a in domestic livestock. Antibody prevalence in humans public health emergency and the absence of specific was highest in rural areas, where increased contact with treatment and vaccines. animals is likely. Most human infections occur through the bite of infected ticks. Blood and other bodily fluids of in- rimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is fected animals represent an additional source for hu- Ccaused by CCHF virus (CCHFV), an emerging man infections. In humans, CCHF is manifested by zoonotic virus belonging to the order Bunyavirales fever, headache, vomiting, diarrhea, and muscular within the family Nairoviridae. The virus is main- pain; bleeding diathesis with multiorgan dysfunction tained through a tick–vertebrate transmission cycle is seen in severe cases (4–6). CCHFV is endemic over a (1); the primary vectors are ticks from the genus wide geographic area, spanning from western Asia to Hyalomma (2,3). Wild and domestic mammals, in- southern Europe and over most of Africa (2). -
The External Parasites of Birds: a Review
THE EXTERNAL PARASITES OF BIRDS: A REVIEW BY ELIZABETH M. BOYD Birds may harbor a great variety and numher of ectoparasites. Among the insects are biting lice (Mallophaga), fleas (Siphonaptera), and such Diptera as hippohoscid flies (Hippohoscidae) and the very transitory mosquitoes (Culicidae) and black flies (Simuliidae), which are rarely if every caught on animals since they fly off as soon as they have completed their blood-meal. One may also find, in birds ’ nests, bugs of the hemipterous family Cimicidae, and parasitic dipterous larvae that attack nestlings. Arachnida infesting birds comprise the hard ticks (Ixodidae), soft ticks (Argasidae), and certain mites. Most ectoparasites are blood-suckers; only the Ischnocera lice and some species of mites subsist on skin components. The distribution of ectoparasites on the host varies with the parasite concerned. Some show no habitat preference while others tend to confine themselves to, or even are restricted to, definite areas on the body. A list of 198 external parasites for 2.55 species and/or subspecies of birds east of the Mississippi has been compiled by Peters (1936) from files of the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine between 1928 and 1935. Fleas and dipterous larvae were omitted from this list. According to Peters, it is possible to collect three species of lice, one or two hippoboscids, and several types of mites on a single bird. He records as many as 15 species of ectoparasites each from the Bob-white (Co&us uirginianus), Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia), and Robin (Turdus migratorius). The lice and plumicolous mites, however, are typically the most abundant forms present on avian hosts. -
Fauna of Nakai District, Khammouane Province, Laos
Systematic & Applied Acarology 21(2): 166–180 (2016) ISSN 1362-1971 (print) http://doi.org/10.11158/saa.21.2.2 ISSN 2056-6069 (online) Article First survey of the hard tick (Acari: Ixodidae) fauna of Nakai Dis- trict, Khammouane Province, Laos, and an updated checklist of the ticks of Laos KHAMSING VONGPHAYLOTH1,4, PAUL T. BREY1, RICHARD G. ROBBINS2 & IAN W. SUTHERLAND3 1Institut Pasteur du Laos, Laboratory of Vector-Borne Diseases, Samsenthai Road, Ban Kao-Gnot, Sisattanak District, P.O Box 3560, Vientiane, Lao PDR. 2Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Energy, Installations and Environ- ment, Silver Spring, MD 20910-1202. 3Chief of Entomological Sciences, U.S. Naval Medical Research Center - Asia, Sembawang, Singapore. 4Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract From 2012 to 2014, tick collections for tick and tick-borne pathogen surveillance were carried out in two areas of Nakai District, Khammouane Province, Laos: the Watershed Management and Protection Authority (WMPA) area and Phou Hin Poun National Protected Area (PHP NPA). Throughout Laos, ticks and tick- associated pathogens are poorly known. Fifteen thousand and seventy-three ticks representing larval (60.72%), nymphal (37.86%) and adult (1.42%) life stages were collected. Five genera comprising at least 11 species, including three suspected species that could not be readily determined, were identified from 215 adult specimens: Amblyomma testudinarium Koch (10; 4.65%), Dermacentor auratus Supino (17; 7.91%), D. steini (Schulze) (7; 3.26%), Haemaphysalis colasbelcouri (Santos Dias) (1; 0.47%), H. hystricis Supino (59; 27.44%), H. sp. near aborensis Warburton (91; 42.33%), H.