DOCSLIB.ORG

Naked DSL 1 Naked DSL

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Naked DSL 1 Naked DSL Naked DSL 1 Naked DSL A naked DSL (a.k.a. standalone or dry loop DSL) is a digital subscriber line (DSL) without a PSTN (analogue telephony) service — or the associated dial tone. In other words, only a standalone DSL Internet service is provided on the local loop. Comparison of regular and naked DSL In regular DSL, a cable runs from the telephone switch to a piece of equipment called a Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) splitter. This splitter separates the DSL and voice bands. Thus the customer will have a dial tone, which allows them to use the telephone line as a regular land line while they are using it to access the Internet on their computer. A cable carrying both services runs from the splitter to the cable head, where it continues on to the customer on outside plant. (See DSLAM.) In naked DSL, there is no cable from the telephone switch to the POTS splitter. Thus there is no dial tone on the line. However, the customer could still use the line for regular telephone service through Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) or a Competitive Local Exchange Carrier (CLEC) instead of the Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier (ILEC). Naked ADSL2 and ADSL2+ provisioned with "all digital mode" Annex I or Annex J can achieve additional 256 kbit/s of upstream data rate. Availability Naked DSL is available in several countries, if not nationwide then via at least one company: Austria, Australia, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Philippines, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United States.[1] Australia Amnet was the first ISP in Australia to officially launch a naked DSL product live on 14 November 2007, followed by iiNet a day later. Exetel released naked ADSL2 Services on 1 December 2007. Optus, Australia's second largest telecommunications provider, announced on 2 Mar 2009 that it will also be providing naked DSL services. Other providers include offer Naked DSL are listed at Updated List of Naked DSL ISPs that service Australia [2]. Many of the smaller players use Optus to deliver their Naked DSL services. Canada Since the CRTC ruling of 21 July 2003,[3] Naked DSL service has been made available in Canada. Bell Canada and other incumbents typically charge an additional fee for dry loop DSL based on the "Band Rate" of the area (ranging from Band A to Band GWikipedia:Citation needed) to consumers and smaller ISP's who use Bell's phone line. Croatia Several providers offer naked DSL, but as of late July 2012, Iskon Internet is the first one to offer naked DSL nationwide on T-Hrvatski Telekom's existing infrastructure, by unsubscribing from T-Com's analog line and providing telephony service over VoIP. However, due to T-HT's wholesale policy and prices, higher speeds would be too expensive for end user, and DSL link still operates in Annex B. Naked DSL 2 Denmark Naked DSL is available from the majority of ISPs, as most ISPs have now converted to VoIP solutions. Having 2 different providers for both POTS and DSL is possible. France Several ISPs now offer Naked Unbundled DSL services, which are also called offres dégroupées. ISPs generally supply their own DSL modem with an FXS (Foreign exchange station) port for a standard phone handset and a set top box to provide television services. The first ISP to offer Naked DSL was Free with their Freebox.Wikipedia:Citation needed Germany At least one ISP offers Naked DSL service: M-Net and its version, Maxi Pur.[4] New Zealand Chorus Limited is the wholesale provider for the vast majority of phone lines and it provides naked DSL services. All the major internet retailers provide a naked DSL service. It is possible to get the POTS and DSL from different service providers.Wikipedia:Citation needed As of December 2013[5], Chorus provides 1.091 million ADSL2+ connections, of which 98,000 (9%) are naked, and it has 25,000 VDSL2 connections, of which 5,000 (20%) are naked. Paraguay Naked DSL service is available in Paraguay from State owned COPACO [6] Philippines Bayan Telecommunications, Globe Telecom, EASTERN Communications, and Smart Telecommunications offers that service. Portugal Portugal Telecom offers that service, called Naked, since September 2008 through SAPO (company). Simplesnet [7] offers that service, called NDSL Simplesnet. In May 2008, Zon TvCabo announced to its investors that it will offer Portugal's first Naked DSL service.Wikipedia:Citation needed Switzerland Naked DSL service is available in Switzerland from green.ch [8], origon ag (oDSL) [9] and SETUP Informatik [10] for ADSL and VDSL. Thailand Only 3BB [11] offer Naked DSL service. 3BB is former Maxnet who previously offer this service too. United Kingdom Naked DSL service, excluding SDSL, is not available in the United Kingdom, but it is possible to get a POTS and DSL from different service providers.Wikipedia:Citation needed. The incumbent network, BT, has claimed there is not sufficient demand from ISPs to provide a Naked DSL service.[12][13] Virgin Media provides broadband services Naked DSL 3 without the requirement for a telephone line in cabled areas only, but this is not naked DSL as the service is provided via a coaxial cable from the street, rather that over a telephone line, active or otherwise. United States On March 25, 2005, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) ruled 3-2 against utilities commissions in Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, and Louisiana, which wanted to force BellSouth to unbundle their DSL service from their local phone service.[14][15] However, in that proceeding, as a compromise between the FCC Commissioners, the FCC released a Notice of Inquiry requesting comment on the "competitive consequences when providers bundle their legacy services with new services, or "tie" such services together"; that proceeding remains open before the FCC.[16] Later that year, during merger proceedings, the FCC required Verizon and AT&T Inc. to offer naked-DSL for a period of two years as conditions to mergers; those conditions have since expired. AT&T Inc. now provides naked DSL throughout most of the country, and Qwest Communications provides it voluntarily. Verizon Communications also provides it in some areas, although at a higher price than it charges customers who bundle it with regular phone service.Wikipedia:Citation needed Speakeasy also provides this service. For Missouri, Socket Telecom Holds a high rate of customers in the NDSL Range. References [1] Naked DSL: The Potential Impact in New Zealand - Network Strategies (http:/ / www. med. govt. nz/ upload/ 36547/ naked-dsl-impact. pdf) [2] http:/ / whirlpool. net. au/ wiki/ ?tag=Naked_DSL_ISPs [3] CRTC directs incumbent telephone companies to offer high-speed Internet services to competitors' residential telephone customers (http:/ / www. crtc. gc. ca/ eng/ NEWS/ RELEASES/ 2003/ r030721. htm) [4] M-Net website (http:/ / www. m-net. de/ privat/ maxi_pur. html), Accessed 6 October 2008. [5] http:/ / en. wikipedia. org/ w/ index. php?title=Naked_DSL& action=edit [6] http:/ / www. copaco. com. py/ [7] http:/ / www. simplesnet. pt/ main. php [8] http:/ / www. green. ch/ [9] http:/ / www. origon. ch/ [10] http:/ / www. setup. ch/ dsl. php [11] http:/ / 3bb. co. th [12] Samknows.com 21CN overview (http:/ / www. samknows. com/ broadband/ 21cn_overview. php) [13] BLA pres for BBWG (http:/ / www. btwholesale. com/ content/ binaries/ 21_Century_Network_Community/ c21_BB_Material_200707v4. zip) [14] FCC unplugs states' rules on "naked" DSL (http:/ / archive. is/ 20120716085359/ http:/ / news. com. com/ FCC+ unplugs+ states+ rules+ on+ + naked+ DSL/ 2100-1034_3-5637790. html) [15] FCC "Memorandum Opinion and Order and Notice of Inquiry" on "BellSouth Telecommunications, Inc. Request for Declaratory Ruling that State Commissions May Not Regulate Broadband Internet Access Services." (http:/ / hraunfoss. fcc. gov/ edocs_public/ attachmatch/ FCC-05-78A1. pdf) [16] Cybertelecom :: Naked DSL (http:/ / www. cybertelecom. org/ broadband/ dslnaked. htm) External links • Choosing a Naked DSL ISP Forum (http:/ / forums. whirlpool. net. au/ forum-replies. cfm?t=1034404) • Directory of naked broadband in Australia (http:/ / www. broadbandexpert. com. au/ broadband/ naked-broadband/ ) • Updated List of Naked DSL ISPs that service Australia (http:/ / whirlpool. net. au/ wiki/ ?tag=Naked_DSL_ISPs) • Naked DSL Plans in Australia (http:/ / www. internetchoice. com. au/ broadbandResults. php?type=nakeddsl) Article Sources and Contributors 4 Article Sources and Contributors Naked DSL Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=615461386 Contributors: Acdixon, Agentbla, Alan alda bloom, Alpha Quadrant, Altzinn, Archetypalgrey, Ashhurst, Christina Silverman, Ciotog, Cliffb, Cody Cooper, Colonies Chris, Docu, Duncanblair, Edward Z. Yang, F, Fabiovh, GeeCee, GoingBatty, Grafen, Graham87, Hydrargyrum, InvertRect, Javipy, Jim.henderson, Joeblakesley, Joker3.1, JustinRossi, Jyavenard, Khalid hassani, Khatru2, Kiwilink, Lestag, Miken2005, Namangwari, Negative24, Nickurak, OhanaUnited, Pb30, Petiatil, Phildobbie, Plovesr, Psychokinetic, Quintin3265, RadioGuyTed, RainbowOfLight, RamyElbeltagi, Rjwilmsi, Roswell Crash Survivor, RotaryAce, Saturnine42, Scrawlspacer, Seaphoto, Shiroi Hane, Smalljim, Solarusdude, Spaceport, Srleffler, The Anonymouse, Thormania, Vec, Verkhovensky, Vezhead, Wikieditor06, WulfTheSaxon, Yst, Zollerriia, 207 anonymous edits License Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 //creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Wireline Broadband Internet Transport Service
    ARDMORE TELEPHONE COMPANY, INC. RATES, TERMS AND CONDITIONS WIRELINE BROADBAND INTERNET TRANSPORT SERVICE RATES, TERMS AND CONDITIONS APPLICABLE TO WIRELINE BROADBAND INTERNET TRANSPORT SERVICE FURNISHED BY ARDMORE TELEPHONE COMPANY, INC. Study Area Code (“SAC”) Number 290280 FOR SERVICES AS PROVIDED FOR HEREIN DATE: July 1, 2011 1 ARDMORE TELEPHONE COMPANY, INC. RATES, TERMS AND CONDITIONS WIRELINE BROADBAND INTERNET TRANSPORT SERVICE TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1: General 1.1 Application of Rates, Terms and Conditions 1.2 Definitions Section 2: Terms and Conditions 2.1 Undertaking of the Company 2.1.A Scope 2.1.B Limitations 2.2 Obligations of the Customer 2.3 Liabilities of the Company 2.4 Application for Service 2.5 Executed Agreements 2.5.A Agreement 2.5.B Technical Standards Supplement (“TS Supplement”) 2.6 Charges and Payments for Service 2.6.A Deposits 2.6.B Description of Payment and Billing Periods 2.6.C Taxes and Other Charges 2.6.D Federal Universal Service Charge (“FUSC”) 2.6.E Payment and Late Payment Charge 2.6.F Credit Allowance/Service Interruptions 2.6.G Service Interruption Measurement 2.7 Termination or Denial of Service by the Company 2.8 Billing Disputes 2.9 Limitations 2.9.A WBITS ADSL Limitations 2.9.B WBITS SDSL Limitations DATE: July 1, 2011 2 ARDMORE TELEPHONE COMPANY, INC. RATES, TERMS AND CONDITIONS WIRELINE BROADBAND INTERNET TRANSPORT SERVICE Section 3: Description of Service 3.1 General 3.1.A DSL Access Service Connection 3.1.B Designated End User Premises 3.2 WBITS Service Classes and Options 3.2.A WBITS
    [Show full text]
  • Notice Inclus Freebox Mini4k Player Multi TV.Pdf
    CARACTÉRISTIQUES TECHNIQUES Cette notice vous aidera à installer votre Player Freebox Mini 4K, découvrir ses avantages, résoudre les problèmes les plus fréquemment rencontrés et enfin connaître ses caractéristiques techniques. Multimédia • Connexions multimédias : Périphérique USB, SD Card via UPnP • Sortie HDMI* 2.0 avec HDCP 2.2 jusqu'à 3840x2160 • Formats de lecture de photos : GIF, JPEG, PNG, BMP 10-bit à 60 images par secondes • Formats de lecture de musique : MP1, (HE-)AAC, MP3, FLAC, VORBIS INVENTAIRE • Formats de lecture de vidéos : H264 / AVC, MP4, H265 / HEVC, VP8 Caractéristiques électriques : Processeur •Tension : 12VDC Votre Player Freebox Mini 4K est fourni avec l'ensemble des accessoires nécessaires à son • Courant veille : 500mW max fonctionnement. • Dual Core A15 » 1.5GHz / 2Go RAM / 8Go flash • Courant vidéo (hors périphériques USB / mémoire) : 10W max Tuner TNT • Entrée antenne : Coaxiale 75 ohms (IEC75) Dimension • DVB-T ETSI EN 300 744 • Dimensions de l'appareil (LxHxP):155x35x115mm Son • Poids (emballage compris) : 1,2 kg • Système audio : Mono, Stéréo, Dolby Digital Plus • Poids du produit : 0.34 kg L 0 Câble Ethernet Câble HDMI» CD DOLBY DIGITAL PLUS ! C€ androidtv Player Freebox Mini 4K ^ l avec Android TV™ Bloc alimentation Télécommande avec piles incluses Free et Freebox sont des marques commerciales de Free SAS. HDMI est une marque commerciale de HDMI Ucensing LLC. Dolby. Le terme • Dolby » et le sigle double D sont des marques commerciales de Dolby Laboratories. Oeuvres inédites confidentielles. Droits d'auteur, 2003-2005 Dolby Laboratories.Tous droits réservés. Free SAS déclare que le produit de référence F-BG01B (Player Freebox Mini 4K) est conforme aux exigences essentielles applicables et aux autres déclarations pertinentes de la drective R&TTE 1999/5/CE.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSAL Compatible Avec La Majorité Des Marques
    UNIVERSAL Compatible avec la majorité des marques 495325 EN 1 TNT DVD SAT TV TDT/DTT PROG 4 TV R TNT TDT / DTT SAT DVD AV ZAP4 Evolution5ZAP4 MET206 EVOLUTION 5 FR | TÉLÉCOMMANDE UNIVERSELLE 4 en 1 AVANT PROPOS Nous vous remercions d’avoir choisi une télécommande universelle METRONIC et sommes persuadés qu’elle vous donnera entière satisfaction. Les modèles ZAP 2/3/4/6 permettent de piloter 2 à 6 appareils : TV, récepteur satellite (SAT), chaîne Hi-Fi (AUX), lecteur DVD (DVD), décodeur TNT (TNT) et BOX ADSL (BOX) selon les cas. Après avoir mis les piles 1.5V AAA (non fournies) dans l’emplace- ment prévu à cet effet, vous pourrez installer votre télécommande pour chaque type d’appareil à commander. La télécommande universelle METRONIC est conçue pour commander la plupart des appareils de chaque marque. Pour cela, vous avez le choix entre deux méthodes d’installation : par code Marque ou par recherche automatique. Dans les procédures ci-dessous, nous donnons un exemple pour le téléviseur (TV). Pour installer, par exemple, votre récepteur SAT ou votre lecteur DVD, remplacez «TV» par «SAT» ou «DVD». Après l’installation, il suffit d’appuyer sur la touche TV, DVD ou SAT, etc. pour sélectionner un appareil puis le piloter en appuyant sur la touche désirée. A - Installation par code Marque 1 - Allumez votre téléviseur. 2 - Recherchez dans les pages suivantes les codes qui correspondent à la marque de votre télé- viseur. Ex: pour un téléviseur AEG, vous allez essayer le code 0589, puis 1423 si le premier ne fonctionne pas, puis 0043 si aucun des deux premiers codes ne fonctionne.
    [Show full text]
  • Branchement Freebox Tv Revolution
    Branchement freebox tv revolution Continue Your Freebox Revolution has a TV set called Freebox Player. It is specifically designed for multimedia apps and will be connected to the TV, so be sure to prepare a place nearby. To receive video and audio streams and stream them to your TV, Freebox Player must communicate with the Freebox server you previously installed. The latter must be operational (should show the time). This message is possible with freePlugs (provided) which, thanks to CPL (online current carrier), use the electrical network to move the data. Therefore, there is no need for the two cases to be placed in close proximity to each other. For example, your Freebox server could be in a room next to a desktop computer and computer, and the player in the next room next to the TV. Go to the suite to start installing. Once your Freebox Player is next to the TV, start installing it. Get a second black FreePlug (the first one you used to power the Freebox server); Prepare it as you did for the first one: connecting the dual cable (power - Ethernet) to FreePlug, its other 2 end on the player (Ethernet connector on the only ideal port, round power tip in port 12V) and cable branch on the opposite side of FreePlug; Connect the Player to the TV with the cables provided to select from it via HDMI or pertel connection. The HDMI cable connects HDMI ports with the back of the player and TV, the peritel cable connects the round tip on the player's Peritel port and the peritel socket to your TV's Peritel port.
    [Show full text]
  • Unclassified DSTI/ICCP/TISP(2005)13/FINAL
    Unclassified DSTI/ICCP/TISP(2005)13/FINAL Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 20-Mar-2006 ___________________________________________________________________________________________ English - Or. English DIRECTORATE FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRY COMMITTEE FOR INFORMATION, COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS POLICY Unclassified DSTI/ICCP/TISP(2005)13/FINAL Working Party on Telecommunication and Information Services Policies POLICY CONSIDERATIONS OF VOIP English - Or. English JT03206036 Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available on OLIS in its original format DSTI/ICCP/TISP(2005)13/FINAL FOREWORD This report was discussed by the Working Party on Telecommunication and Information Services Policies in December 2005. The Working Party agreed to recommend its declassification to the ICCP Committee. The Committee declassified the report in March 2006. The report was prepared by Mr. Jaebum Lee of the ICCP secretariat. It is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General. c OECD / c OCDE 2006. 2 DSTI/ICCP/TISP(2005)13/FINAL TABLE OF CONTENTS MAIN POINTS............................................................................................................................................... 4 I. PURPOSE, SCOPE, DEFINITION......................................................................................................... 6 II. THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF VOIP.................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Subscriber Loop Introduction
    DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LOOP INTRODUCTION • Digital subscriber line (DSL; originally digital subscriber loop) is a family of technologies that are used to transmit digital data over telephone lines. In telecommunications marketing, the term DSL is widely understood to mean asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), the most commonly installed DSL technology, for Internet access. • DSL service can be delivered simultaneously with wired telephone service on the same telephone line since DSL uses higher frequency bands for data. On the customer premises, a DSL filter on each non-DSL outlet blocks any high-frequency interference to enable simultaneous use of the voice and DSL services. • The bit rate of consumer DSL services typically ranges from 256 kbit/s to over 100 Mbit/s in the direction to the customer (downstream), depending on DSL technology, line conditions, and service-level implementation. Bit rates of 1 Gbit/s have been reached.[1] • In ADSL, the data throughput in the upstream direction (the direction to the service provider) is lower, hence the designation of asymmetric service. In symmetric digital subscriber line (SDSL) services, the downstream and upstream data rates are equal. Researchers at Bell Labs have reached speeds over 1 Gbit/s for symmetrical broadband access services using traditional copper telephone lines, though such speeds have not yet been deployed elsewhere OTL553-TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK MANAGEMENT/Mr.C.JEEVANANTHAM 2 AP/ECE Operation • Telephones are connected to the telephone exchange via a local loop, which is a physical pair of wires. The local loop was originally intended mostly for the transmission of speech, encompassing an audio frequency range of 300 to 3400 hertz (voiceband or commercial bandwidth).
    [Show full text]
  • EN LCD Television
    cover 2705.3 16-05-2008 10:49 Pagina 1 Register your product and get support at www.philips.com/welcome 32PFL9603 32PFL9613 37PFL9603 42PFL9603 42PFL9703 42PFL9803 47PFL9603 47PFL9703 52PFL9703 EN LCD television IT Televisore LCD ________________________________ ________________________________ DE LCD-Fernsehgerät ES Televisor LCD ________________________________ ________________________________ FR Téléviseur LCD PT Televisor LCD ________________________________ ________________________________ NL LCD televisie EL TËÏÂfiÚ·Û˘ LCD ________________________________ ________________________________ cover 2705.3 16-05-2008 10:49 Pagina 2 2705.3 EN 20-05-2008 10:03 Pagina 1 Ta ble of contents 1 Important 3 7 Connections (DVD, receiver, ...) 34 ENGLISH 1.1 Safety 3 7.1 Connections overview 34 1.2 Care of the screen 3 7.2 About connections 35 1.3 Recycling 3 7.3 Connect your devices with the Connection assistant 36 2Your TV 4 7.4 Connect your devices without the 2.1 Television overview 4 Connection assistant 36 2.2 Product highlights 5 7.5 Connection setup 42 7.6 Preparing for digital services 43 3 Getting started 5 7.7 PC network 44 3.1 Position the TV 5 3.2 Wall mounting - VESA 6 8Technical data 50 3.3 Remote control batteries 7 3.4 Antenna cable 7 9Troubleshooting 52 3.5 Power cable 7 3.6 First time installation 7 10 Index 54 4 Use your TV 8 UK Digital TV switchover info 56 4.1 Switch on or off - Standby 8 4.2 Watch TV 9 4.3 Watch channels from a digital receiver 9 Remote control setup codes at the end of this 4.4 Watch connected devices 9 book.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Content
    Annual report 2020 CONTENT FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS OPERATIONAL STATISTICS INTRODUCTION LETTER TO SHAREHOLDERS CORPORATE PROFILE INVESTOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT BOARD SUPERVISORY BOARD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CODE COMPLIANCE STATEMENT SUPERVISORY BOARD REPORT ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT ECONOMIC BACKGROUND CROATIAN MARKET OVERVIEW REGULATORY OVERVIEW CHANGES IN REPORTING BUSINESS REVIEW SUMMARY OF KEY FINANCIAL INDICATORS – HT GROUP (INCLUDING CRNOGORSKI TELEKOM) SUMMARY OF KEY FINANCIAL INDICATORS – HT GROUP IN CROATIA SUMMARY OF KEY FINANCIAL INDICATORS – CRNOGORSKI TELEKOM STANDALONE OVERVIEW OF SEGMENT PROFITABILITY HT INC. FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY HT GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 3 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS Income statement in HRK million 2019 2020 % of change Q4 2019 Q4 2020 % of change BALANCE SHEET At 31 Dec At 31 Dec % of change At 31 Dec At 31 Dec % of change A20/A19 A20/A19 2019 2020 A20/A19 2019 2020 A20/A19 Total non current assets 10.447 10.415 -0,3% 10.447 10.415 -0,3% Revenue 7.704 7.458 -3,2% 1.992 1.966 -1,3% Assets classified as held for sale 68 2 -97,1% 68 2 -97,1% Mobile 3.464 3.325 -4,0%
    [Show full text]
  • American Telecom 2006: Directions of Change
    American Telecom 2006: Directions of Change Eli M. Noam Columbia Institute for Tele-Information Istanbul May 2006 1 Outline 1. Boom, Bust & Volatility 2. Consolidation 3. Broadband and Net Neutrality 4. Unbundling 5. Broadband Industries 6. Emerging Market Structure 2 Recent Phases of American Telecommunications Evolution and Policy • ~10-year phases – 1972-1982 Emergence of long distance competition – 1982-1995 Breakup of AT&T monopoly and clean- up – 1995-2005 emergence of narrowband Internet as mass medium; boom and bust • 2005- broadband convergence and impact on re-write of communications law 3 1. Boom, Bust, and Recovery 4 1990s Were the “Golden Age” of Networks • More electronic information • More users • More innovation (faster, cheaper, more functionality) 5 Boom and Bust 2000... 250 200 150 100 SP500 50 1995 SP500teleco 1996 1997 Source: 19Standard98 & Poor’s Index 1999 2000 Committees, SPGlobaldata.com 2001 2002 1 May 6 …the Bust • Telecom downturn biggest bust since collapse of railroads in 1890s • The Economist: 10 times bigger than dotcom collapse • ¾ of start-ups became gave- ups 7 Telecom’s Paradox • Telecom industry is in crisis in the midst of rapid technological progress and strong user demand 8 “Perfect Storm” or “Fundamental Instability”? 9 “Perfect Storm” Scenario • Slowing economy • Slowing Internet • Criminal managers • Incompetent managers • Dumb investors • Ignorant regulators • Sept. 11 (U.S.) 10 “Fundamental Instability” • Low marginal, high fixed costs • Competition • Price deflation • Lags in supply and in regulation • Credit cycles • Technology shocks 11 Info Sector Crash • The entire information sector-- from music to newspapers to telecoms to internet to semiconductors-- has become subject to a gigantic market crash, in slow motion.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Subscriber Line (Dsl) Service Guide
    Kalona Cooperative Telephone Company Original Title Page DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE SERVICE GUIDE DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE (DSL) SERVICE GUIDE REGULATIONS, RATES, AND CHARGES Applying to the Provision of DSL For Customers of Kalona Cooperative Telephone Company This DSL Service Guide does not include Internet Access, Content or any connections Beyond the Telephone Company’s central office Effective: July 2, 2019 Kalona Cooperative Telephone Company 510 B Avenue Kalona, IA 52247 Kalona Cooperative Telephone Company Original Sheet 1 DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE SERVICE GUIDE TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS 2 1. General 3 2. Terms and Conditions 7 3. Digital Subscriber Line Service 16 4. Rates and Charges 21 Effective: July 2, 2019 Kalona Cooperative Telephone Company 510 B Avenue Kalona, IA 52247 Kalona Cooperative Telephone Company Original Sheet 2 DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER LINE SERVICE GUIDE EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS ADSL - Asymmetric Digital Subscriber line Access Service CO - Central Office CDP - Customer Designated Premises DSL - Digital Subscriber Line DSLAM - Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer ETS - Ethernet Transport Service ISP - Internet Service Provider kbps - kilobits per second LAN - Local Area Network Mbps - Megabits per second MM-VCC - MultiMedia Virtual Circuit Channel NIC - Network Interface Card NID - Network Interface Device SDSL - Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line SWC - Serving Wire Center VPCP - Volume Pricing Commitment Plan Effective: July 2, 2019 Kalona Cooperative Telephone Company 510 B Avenue Kalona,
    [Show full text]
  • 12/FINAL Working Party on Telecommunication And
    Unclassified DSTI/ICCP/TISP(2005)12/FINAL Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 07-Apr-2006 ___________________________________________________________________________________________ English - Or. English DIRECTORATE FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRY COMMITTEE FOR INFORMATION, COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS POLICY Unclassified DSTI/ICCP/TISP(2005)12/FINAL Working Party on Telecommunication and Information Services Policies MULTIPLE PLAY: PRICING AND POLICY TRENDS English - Or. English JT03207142 Document complet disponible sur OLIS dans son format d'origine Complete document available on OLIS in its original format DSTI/ICCP/TISP(2005)12/FINAL FOREWORD This report was presented to the Working Party on Telecommunication and Information Services Policies in December 2005 and was declassified by the Committee for Information, Computer and Communications Policy in March 2006. The report was prepared by Mr. Yoshikazu Okamoto and Mr. Taylor Reynolds of the OECD’s Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry. It is published under the responsibility of the Secretary- General of the OECD. © OECD/OCDE 2006 2 DSTI/ICCP/TISP(2005)12/FINAL TABLE OF CONTENTS MAIN POINTS.............................................................................................................................................. 6 Regulatory issues........................................................................................................................................ 7 INTRODUCTION
    [Show full text]
  • Monetary Impact of National Exchange Carrier Association Tariffs on Internet Access Cost in Rural Areas
    Mountain Plains Journal of Business and Technology Volume 21 Issue 2 Focus on Technology Article 4 Date Published: December 2020 Monetary Impact of National Exchange Carrier Association Tariffs on Internet Access Cost in Rural Areas Tim Obermier University of Nebraska at Kearney, [email protected] Angela K. Hollman University of Nebraska at Kearney, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://openspaces.unk.edu/mpjbt Part of the Digital Communications and Networking Commons, and the Technology and Innovation Commons Recommended Citation Obermier, T., & Hollman, A. K. (2020). Monetary Impact of National Exchange Carrier Association Tariffs on Internet Access Cost in Rural Areas. Mountain Plains Journal of Business and Technology, 21(2). Retrieved from https://openspaces.unk.edu/mpjbt/vol21/iss2/4 This Empirical Research is brought to you for free and open access by OpenSPACES@UNK: Scholarship, Preservation, and Creative Endeavors. It has been accepted for inclusion in Mountain Plains Journal of Business and Technology by an authorized editor of OpenSPACES@UNK: Scholarship, Preservation, and Creative Endeavors. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 RESEARCH MONETARY IMPACT OF NATIONAL EXCHANGE CARRIER ASSOCIATION TARIFFS ON INTERNET ACCESS COST IN RURAL AREAS1 TIMOTHY R. OBERMIER ANGELA K. HOLLMAN UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA AT UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA AT KEARNEY KEARNEY ABSTRACT This study examines the monetary impact of tariffs on consumer internet access via a digital subscriber line (DSL). Historically, the Communications Act of 1934 mandated that telephony services be provided to everyone, without exclusion. With the rapid emergence of the internet, the Connect America Fund was recently implemented to ensure equal access to both voice and broadband services.
    [Show full text]