Cave Hill RNA Plant List

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Cave Hill RNA Plant List Cave Hill RNA Flora Shawnee National Forest, Illinois Surveyor: Steven Olson 1986-87. Appendix Item IV of the Cave Hill Research Natural Area, Shawnee National Forest Establishment Record 1990. Unpublished report on file at Vienna Administrative Office. Updated by Sue Lietz, Northern Research Station and Elizabeth Shimp, Shawnee National Forest December 2014. Appendix Item IV. List of plants collected in the Cave Hill Research Natural Area and vicinity. Nomenclature follows USDA, NRCS PLANTS database [accessed December 2014]. R = collected in RNA * = Saline County Record Scientific name Common name Former Scientific name Trees (Dicots) Acer rubrum Red maple Acer saccharinum Silver maple R Acer saccharum Sugar maple R Amelanchier arborea Common serviceberry R Asimina triloba Pawpaw Carpinus caroliniana American hornbeam R Carya glabra Pignut hickory * Carya laciniosa Shellbark hickory R Carya ovalis Red hickory R Carya ovata Shagbark hickory R Carya texana Black hickory Celtis laevigata Sugarberry R Celtis occidentalis Common hackberry R Cercis canadensis Eastern redbud R Cornus drummondii Roughleaf dogwood R Cornus florida Flowering dogwood Crataegus crus-galli Cockspur hawthorn * Crataegus engelmannii Englemann’s hawthorn * Crataegus mollis Downy hawthorn R Diospyros virginiana Common persimmon R * Elaeagnus umbellata Autumn olive Fraxinus americana White ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica Green ash R Gleditsia triacanthos Honeylocust Ilex decidua Possumhaw Juglans nigra Black walnut R Juniperus virginiana Eastern redcedar Liquidambar styraciflua Sweetgum R * Liriodendron tulipifera Tuliptree 1 Plant List Cave Hill RNA, Shawnee National Forest, IL Cave Hill RNA Flora Shawnee National Forest, Illinois Scientific name Common name Former Scientific name Trees (Dicots) R Morus rubra Red mulberry R Nyssa sylvatica Blackgum R Ostrya virginiana Hophornbeam * Pinus echinata Shortleaf pine * Pinus strobus Eastern white pine Platanus occidentalis American sycamore Populus deltoides Eastern cottonwood R Prunus serotina Black cherry R Quercus alba White oak R Quercus coccinea Scarlet oak Quercus falcata Southern red oak * Quercus lyrata Overcup oak Quercus macrocarpa Bur oak R Quercus marilandica Blackjack oak * Quercus michauxii Swamp chestnut oak R Quercus montana Chestnut oak Quercus prinus * Quercus pagoda Cherrybark oak Quercus palustris Pin oak R Quercus prinoides Dwarf chinquapin oak R Quercus rubra Northern red oak Quercus shumardii Shumard's oak R Quercus stellata Post oak R Quercus velutina Black oak R Rhus copallinum Winged sumac Rhus copallina R Rhus glabra Smooth sumac Robinia pseudoacacia Black locust Salix nigra Black willow R Sassafras albidum Sassafras R Staphylea trifolia American bladdernut Staphylea trifoliata Taxodium distichum Bald cypress R Ulmus alata Winged elm Ulmus americana American elm Ulmus rubra Slippery elm Shrubs (Dicots) * Amorpha fruticosa False indigo bush Cephalanthus occidentalis Common buttonbush Corylus americana American hazelnut * Dirca palustris Eastern leatherwood 2 Plant List Cave Hill RNA, Shawnee National Forest, IL Cave Hill RNA Flora Shawnee National Forest, Illinois Scientific name Common name Former Scientific name Shrubs (Dicots) Forestiera acuminata Eastern swampprivet R Hydrangea arborescens Wild hydrangea R Hypericum hypericoides St. Andrew's cross Hypericum stragulum R * Lindera benzoin Northern spicebush R Rosa carolina Carolina rose * Rosa multiflora Multiflora rose R Rosa setigera Climbing rose * Rubus flagellaris Northern dewberry Rubus enslenii Rubus pensilvanicus Pennsylvania dewberry R Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Coralberry R Vaccinium arboreum Farkleberry R Vaccinium pallidum Blue Ridge blueberry Vines (Dicots and Monocots) R Ampelopsis cordata Heartleaf peppervine Amphicarpaea bracteata American hogpeanut Amphicarpa bracteata * Apios americana Groundnut Calystegia sepium Hedge false bindweed R Campsis radicans Trumpet creeper * Celastrus orbiculatus Oriental bittersweet R * Celastrus scandens American bittersweet Cocculus carolinus Carolina coralbead R Dioscorea villosa Wild yam R Lonicera japonica Japanese honeysuckle * Matelea obliqua Climbing milkvine Menispermum canadense Common moonseed R Parthenocissus quinquefolia Virginia creeper R Passiflora lutea Yellow passionflower Potentilla simplex Common cinquefoil * Sicyos angulatus Oneseed bur cucumber R Smilax glauca Cat greenbrier * Smilax pulverulenta Downy carrionflower Smilax tamnoides Bristly greenbrier Smilax hispida * Trachelospermum difforme Climbing dogbane R Vitis aestivalis Summer grape * Vitis cinerea Graybark grape Other Dicots (forb/herb/subshrub) R Acalypha gracilens Slender threeseed mercury 3 Plant List Cave Hill RNA, Shawnee National Forest, IL Cave Hill RNA Flora Shawnee National Forest, Illinois Scientific name Common name Former Scientific name Other Dicots (forb/herb/subshrub) R Acalypha rhomboidea Common threeseed mercury R Achillea millefolium Common yarrow R Agalinis tenuifolia Slenderleaf false foxglove Agalinis besseyana R Ageratina altissima White snakeroot Eupatorium rugosum R Agrimonia parviflora Harvestlice R Agrimonia pubescens Soft agrimony R Agrimonia rostellata Beaked agrimony Amaranthus retroflexus Redroot amaranth R Ambrosia artemisiifolia Annual ragweed Ambrosia bidentata Lanceleaf ragweed R Ambrosia trifida Great ragweed * Ammannia coccinea Valley redstem Amsonia tabernaemontana Eastern bluestar R Anemone virginiana Tall thimbleweed R Antennaria plantaginifolia Woman’s tobacco R Apocynum cannabinum Indianhemp R Aquilegia canadensis Red columbine R Arabis canadensis Sicklepod Arabis laevigata Smooth rockcress R Aristolochia serpentaria Virginia snakeroot R Arnoglossum atriplicifolium Pale Indian plantain Cacalia atriplicifolia Asclepias hirtella Green milkweed Asclepias incarnata Swamp milkweed * Asclepias perennis Aquatic milkweed Asclepias quadrifolia Fourleaf milkweed Asclepias syriaca Common milkweed Asclepias tuberosa Butterfly milkweed R Asclepias variegata Redring milkweed Asclepias verticillata Whorled milkweed * Asclepias viridiflora Green comet milkweed R Aureolaria flava Smooth yellow false foxglove Baptisia alba Largeleaf wild indigo Baptisia lactea Bidens aristosa Bearded beggarticks * Bidens coronata Crowned beggarticks R Boehmeria cylindrica Smallspike false nettle Boltonia asteroides White doll’s daisy Campanulastrum americanum American bellflower Campanula americana R Cardamine concatenata Cutleaf toothwort Dentaria laciniata Cardamine hirsuta Hairy bittercress 4 Plant List Cave Hill RNA, Shawnee National Forest, IL Cave Hill RNA Flora Shawnee National Forest, Illinois Scientific name Common name Former Scientific name Other Dicots (forb/herb/subshrub) R Cardamine parviflora Sand bittercress R Chamaecrista fasciculata Partridge pea Cassia fasciculata R Chamaecrista nictitans Sensitive partridge pea Cassia nictitans Chamaesyce maculata Spotted sandmat Chamaesyce supina Chenopodium album Lambsquarters Cichorium intybus Chicory Broadleaf enchanter's R Circaea lutetiana nightshade R Cirsium carolinianum Soft thistle R Cirsium discolor Field thistle R Claytonia virginica Virginia springbeauty R Clitoria mariana Atlantic pigeonwings R Conyza canadensis Canadian horseweed Coreopsis tripteris Tall tickseed R Corydalis flavula Yellow fumewort Croton capitatus Hogwort R Croton michauxii Michaux's croton Crotonopsis elliptica Croton monanthogynus Prairie tea R Cryptotaenia candensis Canadian honewort Cunila origanoides Common dittany Cuphea viscosissima Blue waxweed * Cuscuta gronovii Scaldweed Cuscuta pentagona Fiveangled dodder Cuscuta campestris * Cuscuta polygonorum Smartweed dodder Cynanchum laeve Honeyvine Cynoglossum virginianum Wild comfrey R Dalea candida White prairie clover Datura stramonium Jimsonweed Daucus carota Queen Anne’s lace Desmanthus illinoensis Illinois bundleflower R * Desmodium canescens Hoary ticktrefoil Desmodium ciliare Hairy small-leaf ticktrefoil R Desmodium glutinosum Pointedleaf ticktrefoil R Desmodium nudiflorum Nakedflower ticktrefoil R Desmodium paniculatum Panicledleaf ticktrefoil Dianthus armeria Deptford pink R Dicentra cucullaria Dutchman’s breeches R Diodia teres Poorjoe R Dodecatheon meadia Pride of Ohio 5 Plant List Cave Hill RNA, Shawnee National Forest, IL Cave Hill RNA Flora Shawnee National Forest, Illinois Scientific name Common name Former Scientific name Other Dicots (forb/herb/subshrub) R Draba brachycarpa Shortpod draba Eclipta prostrata False daisy R * Enemion biternatum eastern false rue anemone Isopyrum biternatum R Erechtites hieraciifolius American burnweed R Erigeron annuus Eastern daisy fleabane R * Erigeron philadelphicus Philadelphia fleabane Erigeron strigosus Prairie fleabane Eupatorium coelestinum Blue mistflower R Eupatorium serotinum Lateflowering thoroughwort R Euphorbia corollata Flowering spruge Euphorbia dentata Toothed spruge Poinsettia dentata * Euphorbia spathulata Warty spruge Euphorbia obtusata Euthamia graminifolia Flat-top goldenrod Eutrochium fistulosum Trumpetweed Eupatorium fistulosum R * Galactia regularis Eastern milkpea R Galium circaezans Licorice bedstraw Galium concinnum Shining bedstraw R Galium pilosum Hairy bedstraw * Galium trifidum Threepetal bedstraw R Geum canadense White avens R Geum vernum Spring avens R Gillenia stipulata American ipecac Porteranthus stipulatus * Glycine max Soybean Gnaphalium Gnaphalium purpurea Spoonleaf purple everlasting purpureum Hedeoma pulegioides American false pennyroyal Helenium flexuosum Purplehead sneezeweed * Helianthus annuus Common sunflower * Helianthus
Recommended publications
  • State of New York City's Plants 2018
    STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 Daniel Atha & Brian Boom © 2018 The New York Botanical Garden All rights reserved ISBN 978-0-89327-955-4 Center for Conservation Strategy The New York Botanical Garden 2900 Southern Boulevard Bronx, NY 10458 All photos NYBG staff Citation: Atha, D. and B. Boom. 2018. State of New York City’s Plants 2018. Center for Conservation Strategy. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY. 132 pp. STATE OF NEW YORK CITY’S PLANTS 2018 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 INTRODUCTION 10 DOCUMENTING THE CITY’S PLANTS 10 The Flora of New York City 11 Rare Species 14 Focus on Specific Area 16 Botanical Spectacle: Summer Snow 18 CITIZEN SCIENCE 20 THREATS TO THE CITY’S PLANTS 24 NEW YORK STATE PROHIBITED AND REGULATED INVASIVE SPECIES FOUND IN NEW YORK CITY 26 LOOKING AHEAD 27 CONTRIBUTORS AND ACKNOWLEGMENTS 30 LITERATURE CITED 31 APPENDIX Checklist of the Spontaneous Vascular Plants of New York City 32 Ferns and Fern Allies 35 Gymnosperms 36 Nymphaeales and Magnoliids 37 Monocots 67 Dicots 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report, State of New York City’s Plants 2018, is the first rankings of rare, threatened, endangered, and extinct species of what is envisioned by the Center for Conservation Strategy known from New York City, and based on this compilation of The New York Botanical Garden as annual updates thirteen percent of the City’s flora is imperiled or extinct in New summarizing the status of the spontaneous plant species of the York City. five boroughs of New York City. This year’s report deals with the City’s vascular plants (ferns and fern allies, gymnosperms, We have begun the process of assessing conservation status and flowering plants), but in the future it is planned to phase in at the local level for all species.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Milkweeds of Oklahoma
    Native Milkweeds of Oklahoma Scientific Name Common Name # of counties where Habitat, part of state Growing at Kerr Notes occurrence has been where it most occurs Center? documented Asclepias amplexicaulis Clasping milkweed 32 West central Asclepias arenaria Sand milkweed 24 West Asclepias asperula Antelope horns, 47 Dry soils of prairies, Planting seed in spider milkweed mostly western 2015 Asclepias brachystephana Bract milkweed 1 Far west Asclepias engelmanniana Engelmann's 23 Scattered across state, mostly west Asclepias hirtella Tall green milkweed 21 Scattered, mostly east Planting seed in 2015 Asclepias incarnata Rose, Marsh or 20 Wet areas statewide, Yes, planted 2014, Observed Swamp milkweed more common in east planting seed in monarch 2015 caterpillars eating it in Sept. 2014 Asclepias involucrata Dwarf milkweed 1 Rare, in Cimarron County Asclepias latifolia Broad-leaf milkweed 19 Central and west; widely distributed on dry plains Asclepias macrotis Long hood 1 Panhandle, rare milkweed Native Milkweeds of Oklahoma Asclepias obovata Pineland milkweed 8 Eastern Asclepias oenotheroides Sidecluster 7 Central, south milkweed, Zizotes central, southwest milkweed Asclepias pumila Plains milkweed 14 Southwest, northwest Asclepias purpurascens Purple milkweed 4 Dry fields, meadows, open woods in a few eastern counties Asclepias quadrifolia Fourleaf milkweed 16 Most common in eastern OK Asclepias speciosa Showy milkweed 19 Moist soil of open Planting seed in areas, also in 2015 panhandle Asclepias stenophylla Narrow-leaf 47 Western half
    [Show full text]
  • Species List For: Valley View Glades NA 418 Species
    Species List for: Valley View Glades NA 418 Species Jefferson County Date Participants Location NA List NA Nomination and subsequent visits Jefferson County Glade Complex NA List from Gass, Wallace, Priddy, Chmielniak, T. Smith, Ladd & Glore, Bogler, MPF Hikes 9/24/80, 10/2/80, 7/10/85, 8/8/86, 6/2/87, 1986, and 5/92 WGNSS Lists Webster Groves Nature Study Society Fieldtrip Jefferson County Glade Complex Participants WGNSS Vascular Plant List maintained by Steve Turner Species Name (Synonym) Common Name Family COFC COFW Acalypha virginica Virginia copperleaf Euphorbiaceae 2 3 Acer rubrum var. undetermined red maple Sapindaceae 5 0 Acer saccharinum silver maple Sapindaceae 2 -3 Acer saccharum var. undetermined sugar maple Sapindaceae 5 3 Achillea millefolium yarrow Asteraceae/Anthemideae 1 3 Aesculus glabra var. undetermined Ohio buckeye Sapindaceae 5 -1 Agalinis skinneriana (Gerardia) midwestern gerardia Orobanchaceae 7 5 Agalinis tenuifolia (Gerardia, A. tenuifolia var. common gerardia Orobanchaceae 4 -3 macrophylla) Ageratina altissima var. altissima (Eupatorium rugosum) white snakeroot Asteraceae/Eupatorieae 2 3 Agrimonia pubescens downy agrimony Rosaceae 4 5 Agrimonia rostellata woodland agrimony Rosaceae 4 3 Allium canadense var. mobilense wild garlic Liliaceae 7 5 Allium canadense var. undetermined wild garlic Liliaceae 2 3 Allium cernuum wild onion Liliaceae 8 5 Allium stellatum wild onion Liliaceae 6 5 * Allium vineale field garlic Liliaceae 0 3 Ambrosia artemisiifolia common ragweed Asteraceae/Heliantheae 0 3 Ambrosia bidentata lanceleaf ragweed Asteraceae/Heliantheae 0 4 Ambrosia trifida giant ragweed Asteraceae/Heliantheae 0 -1 Amelanchier arborea var. arborea downy serviceberry Rosaceae 6 3 Amorpha canescens lead plant Fabaceae/Faboideae 8 5 Amphicarpaea bracteata hog peanut Fabaceae/Faboideae 4 0 Andropogon gerardii var.
    [Show full text]
  • Oakes and Camptosorus Rhizophyllus
    A STUDY OF As?lenium platyneuron (L.) Oakes AND Camptosorus rhizophyllus (L.) Link \-l1TH AN .SllPH..t::..2IS em SPOiC:': 10Rl.~HOLOGY A Senior Paper Submitted to Or. J. C. r.falayer of Ball State University by Lois A. I(inder In Partial Fulfillment of the Requiren.ents for graduation on The Honors Program l'.J:ay I, 1966 :;;rCo~1 7he:! ii ":'"\ J-i-t.:., (.~1 ~ ' ..... -, ~--~ ~: i,~ , '")6 t, ,k ,~-r;0 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES ••••••••••.••••.••••••••••••••.••..• iii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. .. .. .. .. iv INTRODUCTION •••••••••••••••• .. .. .. 1 REVIE\~ OF irH~~ LI Ir .2.PJ.l.TUl<'E •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 2 Morphology ••••.•••••..•••••••••••••••••••••••••• 2 Taxonomic Realtionships •• ••••••••••••••••••••••• 4 NETrIODS MATERlii.LS •• .. .. .. .. .. 6 General 1>1orphology •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 6 :-")pore }forphology •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 7 '[lATA ••••••••••••••••• . .. 15 General Horphology.............................. 15 Spore Morphology................................ 30 DISCUSSION. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 39 sm~J~y........................................... 46 BIBLIOGRAPHY...................................... 47 iii LIST OF TABLES Page Table I. Gross morphological calculations of Gamptosorus rhizophyllus (L.) Link I. A Specimen measurements ••••••••••••••••• 8 I. B Leaf height analysis •••••••••••••••••• 19 II. Gross morphological calculations of iisplenium platyneuron (L.) C.akes II. A Specimen measurements................. 9 II. B Leaf height analysis ••••••••••••••••• 24 III. :}ross morphological
    [Show full text]
  • The Vegetation of Graessle Road Bluff (Batelle Darby Creek Metro Park)
    The Vegetation of Graessle Road Bluff (Batelle Darby Creek Metro Park) By Robert Klips May 28, 2019 The study site is an undeveloped portion of Batelle Darby Creek Metro Park near its southern edge in Franklin County. Located at 39°50'55.692" N 83°12'35.214" W, it comprises approximately 25 hectares (ca. 62 acres) of a much larger tract, with no definite boundaries. The site was brought to my attention by an ecologist friend who mentioned that a rare fall-flowering blazing star (genus Liatris in the family Asteraceae) occurs there. The principal ecological feature is a very steep eroding bluff high above an intermittent tributary to Big Darby Creek. In the photo below, the eroding bluff is visible as a variegated vertically oriented bracket-shaped zone just east of the field alongside Graessle Road. The Graessle Road Bluff and Woodland PLANT COMMUNITIES I. The Roadside Connecting the roadside parking spot with the most convenient entry point to access the bluff through the woods, an approximately 600 meter stretch area along the southern side of London-Groveport Road is open, apparently mowed frequently, and has an irregular topography owing to a steep drainage ditch running parallel to the road. The habitat harbors an array of typical disturbed-site plants, mostly exotic herbaceous species, although a few native plants from larger population in the adjacent woodland manage (barely) to keep a foothold there. The dominant woody plant here is Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii). Herbaceous dicots include the very poisonous biennial poison hemlock (Conium maculatum), the colorful mustard dame’s rocket (Hesperis matronalis), and a whimsically-named member of the aster family, “coltsfoot” (Tussilago farfara), the leaves of which indeed resemble horse hooves.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ferns and Their Relatives (Lycophytes)
    N M D R maidenhair fern Adiantum pedatum sensitive fern Onoclea sensibilis N D N N D D Christmas fern Polystichum acrostichoides bracken fern Pteridium aquilinum N D P P rattlesnake fern (top) Botrychium virginianum ebony spleenwort Asplenium platyneuron walking fern Asplenium rhizophyllum bronze grapefern (bottom) B. dissectum v. obliquum N N D D N N N R D D broad beech fern Phegopteris hexagonoptera royal fern Osmunda regalis N D N D common woodsia Woodsia obtusa scouring rush Equisetum hyemale adder’s tongue fern Ophioglossum vulgatum P P P P N D M R spinulose wood fern (left & inset) Dryopteris carthusiana marginal shield fern (right & inset) Dryopteris marginalis narrow-leaved glade fern Diplazium pycnocarpon M R N N D D purple cliff brake Pellaea atropurpurea shining fir moss Huperzia lucidula cinnamon fern Osmunda cinnamomea M R N M D R Appalachian filmy fern Trichomanes boschianum rock polypody Polypodium virginianum T N J D eastern marsh fern Thelypteris palustris silvery glade fern Deparia acrostichoides southern running pine Diphasiastrum digitatum T N J D T T black-footed quillwort Isoëtes melanopoda J Mexican mosquito fern Azolla mexicana J M R N N P P D D northern lady fern Athyrium felix-femina slender lip fern Cheilanthes feei net-veined chain fern Woodwardia areolata meadow spike moss Selaginella apoda water clover Marsilea quadrifolia Polypodiaceae Polypodium virginanum Dryopteris carthusiana he ferns and their relatives (lycophytes) living today give us a is tree shows a current concept of the Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris marginalis is poster made possible by: { Polystichum acrostichoides T evolutionary relationships among Onocleaceae Onoclea sensibilis glimpse of what the earth’s vegetation looked like hundreds of Blechnaceae Woodwardia areolata Illinois fern ( green ) and lycophyte Thelypteridaceae Phegopteris hexagonoptera millions of years ago when they were the dominant plants.
    [Show full text]
  • 100 Years of Change in the Flora of the Carolinas
    Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, and surrounding areas Working Draft of 11 January 2007 by Alan S. Weakley University of North Carolina Herbarium (NCU) North Carolina Botanical Garden University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Campus Box 3280 Chapel Hill NC 27599-3280 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents THE FLORA .................................................................................................................................................................................................................6 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................................................................................................................9 FERNS AND “FERN ALLIES”............................................................................................................................................................................10 ASPLENIACEAE Frank 1877 (Spleenwort Family) ........................................................................................................................................17 AZOLLACEAE Wettstein 1903 (Mosquito Fern Family) .................................................................................................................................20 BLECHNACEAE (C. Presl) Copeland 1947 (Deer Fern Family) ...................................................................................................................21 DENNSTAEDTIACEAE Pichi Sermolli 1970 (Bracken Family) ....................................................................................................................22
    [Show full text]
  • Four-Leaved Milkweed (Asclepias Quadrifolia) Is an Erect Herbaceous Perennial of the Milkweed Family (Asclepiadaceae)
    COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the Four-leaved Milkweed Asclepias quadrifolia in Canada ENDANGERED 2010 COSEWIC status reports are working documents used in assigning the status of wildlife species suspected of being at risk. This report may be cited as follows: COSEWIC. 2010. COSEWIC assessment and status report on the Four-leaved Milkweed Asclepias quadrifolia in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. x + 40 pp. (www.sararegistry.gc.ca/status/status_e.cfm). Production note: COSEWIC would like to acknowledge Sean Blaney for writing the status report on the Four-leaved Milkweed, Asclepias quadrifolia, in Canada, prepared under contract with Environment Canada, overseen and edited by Erich Haber, Co-chair, COSEWIC Vascular Plants Species Specialist Subcommittee. For additional copies contact: COSEWIC Secretariat c/o Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3 Tel.: 819-953-3215 Fax: 819-994-3684 E-mail: COSEWIC/[email protected] http://www.cosewic.gc.ca Également disponible en français sous le titre Ếvaluation et Rapport de situation du COSEPAC sur le asclépiade à quatre feuilles (Asclepias quadrifolia) au Canada. Cover illustration/photo: Four-leaved Milkweed — Photo by Sean Blaney. ©Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2010. Catalogue CW69-14/609-2010E-PDF ISBN 978-1-100-16055-9 Recycled paper COSEWIC Assessment Summary Assessment Summary – April 2010 Common name Four-leaved Milkweed Scientific name Asclepias quadrifolia Status Endangered Reason for designation Only two small extant populations are known in Canada at the eastern end of Lake Ontario, each with very low numbers of individuals. Historic populations within the Niagara Falls region are believed extirpated.
    [Show full text]
  • SCNPS Journal Fall 2012
    The Journal of the South Carolina Native Plant Society Fall 2012 The Milkweeds of South Carolina In this issue Bill Stringer Milkweeds of SC .............. 1 Milkweeds are common occu- There are 20 Asclepias species pants of our roadsides, forest edges (including 2 sub-species of A. tu- Natural Heritage Garden... 3 and wetlands, but a cursory examina- berosa) found in South Carolina. Plant Propagation ........... 4 tion of this genus reveals a far more They are found in a wide variety Spring Plant Sale ............. 9 intriguing story than we might guess. of habitats from dry sandy sites to SCNPS & Social Media ... 12 The milkweeds have had a close, marshy sites, and sunny open to for- long-term co-evolutionary relation- ested sites. They range in appearance Name That Plant! ship with a set of foraging insect spe- from drab to very showy. Ecologi- cies. The milky sap for which they cally, they have co-evolved into some I am a shrub to small tree. I am a bit are named is far more unconventional, as I bloom in late fall than just an innocuous to early winter. When my seeds are liquid component of mature, I can hurl them long distanc- the tissues. The milk- es, allegedly up to 30 feet! Extracts weeds are all members from my twigs have for centuries, of the genus Asclepias, starting with the Native Americans, which contains about been used for medicinal and other 90 species (includ- uses. Folks even use my larger twigs ing sub-species) in to locate water or even precious met- North America.
    [Show full text]
  • Self-Pollination Rate and Floral-Display Size in Asclepias Syriaca (Common Milkweed) with Regard to Floral-Visitor Taxa Aaron F Howard1* and Edward M Barrows1,2
    Howard and Barrows BMC Evolutionary Biology 2014, 14:144 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/14/144 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Self-pollination rate and floral-display size in Asclepias syriaca (Common Milkweed) with regard to floral-visitor taxa Aaron F Howard1* and Edward M Barrows1,2 Abstract Background: Animals fertilize thousands of angiosperm species whose floral-display sizes can significantly influence pollinator behavior and plant reproductive success. Many studies have measured the interactions among pollinator behavior, floral-display size, and plant reproductive success, but few studies have been able to separate the effects of pollinator behavior and post-pollination processes on angiosperm sexual reproduction. In this study, we utilized the highly self-incompatible pollinium-pollination system of Asclepias syriaca (Common Milkweed) to quantify how insect visitors influenced male reproductive success measured as pollen removal, female reproductive success measured as pollen deposition, and self-pollination rate. We also determined how floral-display size impacts both visitor behavior and self-pollination rate. Results: Four insect taxonomic orders visited A. syriaca: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, and Lepidoptera. We focused on three groups of visitor taxa within two orders (Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera) with sample sizes large enough for quantitative analysis: Apis mellifera (Western Honey Bee), Bombus spp. (bumble bees) and lepidopterans (butterflies and moths). Qualitatively, lepidopterans had the highest pollinator importance values, but the large variability in the lepidopteran data precluded meaningful interpretation of much of their behavior. The introduced A. mellifera was the most effective and most important diurnal pollinator with regard to both pollen removal and pollen deposition. However, when considering the self-incompatibility of A.
    [Show full text]
  • INTRODUCTION This Check List of the Plants of New Jersey Has Been
    INTRODUCTION This Check List of the Plants of New Jersey has been compiled by updating and integrating the catalogs prepared by such authors as Nathaniel Lord Britton (1881 and 1889), Witmer Stone (1911), and Norman Taylor (1915) with such other sources as recently-published local lists, field trip reports of the Torrey Botanical Society and the Philadelphia Botanical Club, the New Jersey Natural Heritage Program’s list of threatened and endangered plants, personal observations in the field and the herbarium, and observations by other competent field botanists. The Check List includes 2,758 species, a botanical diversity that is rather unexpected in a small state like New Jersey. Of these, 1,944 are plants that are (or were) native to the state - still a large number, and one that reflects New Jersey's habitat diversity. The balance are plants that have been introduced from other countries or from other parts of North America. The list could be lengthened by hundreds of species by including non-persistent garden escapes and obscure waifs and ballast plants, many of which have not been seen in New Jersey since the nineteenth century, but it would be misleading to do so. The Check List should include all the plants that are truly native to New Jersey, plus all the introduced species that are naturalized here or for which there are relatively recent records, as well as many introduced plants of very limited occurrence. But no claims are made for the absolute perfection of the list. Plant nomenclature is constantly being revised. Single old species may be split into several new species, or multiple old species may be combined into one.
    [Show full text]
  • Asclepias Purpurascens L. Purple Milkweed
    New England Plant Conservation Program Conservation and Research Plan Asclepias purpurascens L. Purple milkweed Prepared by: Elizabeth J. Farnsworth New England Wild Flower Society Framingham, Massachusetts and Mario J. DiGregorio Horsley and Witten Environmental Consultants, Inc. Sandwich, Massachusetts For: New England Wild Flower Society 180 Hemenway Road Framingham, MA 01701 508/877-7630 e-mail: [email protected] • website: www.newfs.org Approved, Regional Advisory Council, December 2001 SUMMARY Purple milkweed (Asclepias purpurascens L., Asclepiadaceae) is a rare but widely distributed species currently recorded from 25 eastern and mid-western states and Ontario, with historic records from another four states. All extant New England populations are restricted to Connecticut and Massachusetts; the species is considered historic in Rhode Island and New Hampshire. Only a total of 5 occurrences have been seen since 1980, of 82 collected before that time. Of these, only two have been observed recently and one remains to be confirmed as A. purpurascens. Both confirmed populations are small (with fewer than 30 plants) and appear precarious. The species is listed in the Flora Conservanda as Division I (Regionally Rare). Asclepias purpurascens is not federally listed and is a category G4G5 according to the Association for Biodiversity Information; thus, its status is not considered to be imperiled on a national or global scale. However, its population numbers are small throughout its range. Its precipitous recent decline in numbers in New England attests to the need for additional protective management to afford some level of habitat preservation and augmentation. Asclepias purpurascens is most commonly found along woodland edges and roadsides in mesic to well-drained soils that are not high in organic material.
    [Show full text]