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Initial Environmental Examination January 2019 India: Chhattisgarh Road Connectivity Project Dharamjaygarh-Kapu Road Prepared by Public Works Department, Government of Chhattishgarh for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of of 31 December 2018) Currency unit = Indian rupees (Re/Rs) Re1.00 = $0.01408 $1.00 = Rs71.0008 ABBREVIATION AADT - Annual Average Daily Traffic AAQM - Ambient air quality monitoring ADB - Asian Development Bank ASI - Archaeological Survey of India BDL - Below detectable limit BGL - Below ground level BOD - Biochemical oxygen demand BOQ - Bill of quantity CGWA - Central Ground Water Authority CO - Carbon monoxide COD - Chemical oxygen demand CPCB - Central Pollution Control Board CSC - Construction Supervision Consultant DFO - Divisional Forest Officer DG - Diesel generating set DO - Dissolved oxygen DPR - Detailed project report E&S - Environment and social EA - Executing agency EAC - Expert Appraisal Committee EFP - Environmental Focal Person EHS - Environment Health and Safety EIA - Environmental impact assessment EMOP - Environmental monitoring plan EMP - Environmental management plan ESCAP - United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific GHG - Greenhouse gas GIS - Geographical information system GOI - Government of India GRC - Grievance redress committee GRM - Grievance redress mechanism HFL - Highest flood level IA - Implementing Agency IEE - Initial Environmental Examination IMD - Indian Meteorological Department IRC - Indian Road Congress IUCN - International Union for Conservation of Nature LHS - Left hand side LPG - Liquefied petroleum gas MOEFCC - Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change MORSTH/MORTH - Ministry of Road Surface Transport and Highways MPRSD - Master Plan Road Sector Development N, S, E, W, NE, - Wind Directions (North, South, East, West or SW, NW combination of Two directions like South West, North West) NGO - Non-governmental organization NH - National Highway NOC - No Objection Certificate NOx - Oxides of nitrogen PAH - Project Affected Household PAP - Project Affected Persons PAs - Protected Areas PCR - Public Community Resources PCU - Passenger Car Units PD - Project Director PM - Particulate Matter PIU - Project Implementation Unit PPE - Personal protective equipment PPT - Parts per trillion PPTA - Project Preparedness Technical Assistance PUC - Pollution Under Control PWD - Public Works Department R & R - Rehabilitation and Resettlement RHS - Right hand side ROB - Road Over Bridge ROW - Right of way RSPM - Respiratory suspended particulate matter SAARC - South Asian Association for Regional Corporation SC - Scheduled Cast – Name of a community in India SEIAA - State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority SEMU - Social and Environmental Management Unit SH - State highway SO2 - Sulphur Dioxide SOI - Survey of India SPCB - State Pollution Control Board SPL - Sound Pressure Level SPM - Suspended Particulate Matter SPS - ADB Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 ST - Scheduled Tribes TA - Technical assistance TDS - Total dissolved solids TSS - Total Suspended Solids UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency UT - Union Territories ZSI - Zoological survey of India WEIGHTS AND MEASURES dB(A) – A-weighted decibel ha – hectare km – kilometre µg – microgram m – meter MW (megawatt) – megawatt PM 2.5 or 10 – Particulate Matter of 2.5 micron or 10 micron size NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1 A. Project Background and Rationale ................................................................................... 1 B. Nature, Size and Location of Subproject Road ................................................................. 4 C. Objective and Scope of the Study ..................................................................................... 5 D. Methodology Adopted for IEE Study ................................................................................. 6 E. Structure of the Report...................................................................................................... 8 II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK .................................................. 9 A. National (India) Environmental Policies and Regulatory Framework ................................. 9 B. International Treaties and Relevance to the Project ........................................................ 12 C. ADB Safeguard Policy Statement Requirements ............................................................ 12 D. Category of the Project as per SPS 2009 ....................................................................... 13 III. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................... 13 A. Type of Project ............................................................................................................... 13 B. Location and Features of the Project Road ..................................................................... 14 C. Engineering Surveys and Investigations ......................................................................... 15 D. Current and Projected Daily Traffic ................................................................................. 15 E. Design Standards ........................................................................................................... 16 F. Proposed Improvement ................................................................................................... 23 G. Construction Camps ....................................................................................................... 31 H. Project Cost ................................................................................................................... 31 I. Construction Packaging and Implementation Schedule ................................................... 31 J. Project Benefits ............................................................................................................... 32 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................ 32 A. Introduction..................................................................................................................... 32 B. Physical Environment ..................................................................................................... 32 C. Biological Environment ................................................................................................... 42 D. Socio-economic Environment ......................................................................................... 45 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ................ 50 A. Introduction..................................................................................................................... 50 B. Positive Environmental Impacts due to improvement of project road section .................. 51 C. Adverse Environmental Impacts due to improvement of project road section .................. 51 D. Impacts Related to Project Location, Preliminary Planning and Design .......................... 52 E. Environmental Impacts - Construction Stage ................................................................. 55 F. Environmental Impacts - Operation Phase ..................................................................... 70 G. Cumulative and Induced Environmental Impacts ............................................................ 72 H. Potential Environmental Enhancement/ Protection Measures ........................................ 73 VI. CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS AND RISKS ..................................................................... 73 A. Climate Change Mitigation .............................................................................................. 73 VII. CONSULTATION, PARTICIPATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ..................... 82 A. Objectives of the Consultations ...................................................................................... 82 B. Methodology for Consultations ....................................................................................... 83 C. Interaction with NGOs ..................................................................................................... 86 D. Public Disclosure ............................................................................................................ 87 VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ......................................................................... 87 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...................................................................... 88 A. Introduction....................................................................................................................