Newton Advanced Fellowships 2015
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Crystallography News British Crystallographic Association
Crystallography News British Crystallographic Association Issue No. 100 March 2007 ISSN 1467-2790 BCA Spring Meeting 2007 - Canterbury p8-17 Patrick Tollin (1938 - 2006) p7 The Z’ > 1 Phenomenon p18-19 History p21-23 Meetings of Interest p32 March 2007 Crystallography News Contents 2 . From the President 3 . Council Members 4 . BCA Letters to the Editor 5 Administrative Office, . Elaine Fulton, From the Editor 6 Northern Networking Events Ltd. 7 1 Tennant Avenue, Puzzle Corner College Milton South, . East Kilbride, Glasgow G74 5NA Scotland, UK Patrick Tollin (1938 - 2006) 8-17 Tel: + 44 1355 244966 Fax: + 44 1355 249959 . e-mail: [email protected] BCA 2007 Spring Meeting 16-17 . CRYSTALLOGRAPHY NEWS is published quarterly (March, June, BCA 2007 Meeting Timetable 18-19 September and December) by the British Crystallographic Association, . and printed by William Anderson and Sons Ltd, Glasgow. Text should The Z’ > 1 Phenomenon 20 preferably be sent electronically as MSword documents (any version - . .doc, .rtf or .txt files) or else on a PC disk. Diagrams and figures are most IUCr Computing Commission 21-23 welcome, but please send them separately from text as .jpg, .gif, .tif, or .bmp files. Items may include technical articles, news about people (e.g. History . 24-27 awards, honours, retirements etc.), reports on past meetings of interest to crystallographers, notices of future meetings, historical reminiscences, Groups .......................................................... 28-31 letters to the editor, book, hardware or software reviews. Please ensure that items for inclusion in the June 2007 issue are sent to the Editor to arrive Meetings . 32 before 25th April 2007. -
Hydrocarbon Dynamics in Microporous Catalysts
Hydrocarbon Dynamics in Microporous Catalysts Alexander James O’Malley Department of Chemistry, University College London (UCL) Supervisor: Professor C. R. A. Catlow Second Supervisor: Dr D. W. Lewis Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Engineering 2015 1 I, Alexander James O’Malley, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 2 I wish to dedicate this thesis to Sylvia Patricia O’Malley, Matthew ‘Romeo’ Rodrigues and Nelson Rodrigues, who are always in my thoughts. Also, to the parents and politicians who believe selective schools are necessary for academic children to flourish, you are incorrect. 3 Abstract The dynamics of hydrocarbons inside microporous zeolite catalysts are studied using neutron scattering methods and complementary molecular simulations, to investigate quantitatively a crucial component of industrial zeolite catalysis. The diffusion of longer n-alkanes in the siliceous analogue of ZSM-5, silicalite is modelled using state-of-the-art molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The measured diffusivities show far improved agreement with quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) experiments. Isobutane diffusion in silicalite is also modelled, giving good agreement with diffusion coefficients and jump diffusion parameters obtained by neutron spin-echo experiments. The simulations give interesting insights into preferred siting locations, contradicting previous studies of isobutane dynamics in the MFI structure due to the use of a more accurate framework model. Tandem QENS and MD studies of octane isomer diffusion in zeolite HY show a counterintuitive increase in diffusion with branching, due to alkane clustering in the faujasite supercage. -
Marshall Stoneham (1940–2011) Theoretician Who Contributed Widely to Condensed-Matter Physics
COMMENT OBITUARY Marshall Stoneham (1940–2011) Theoretician who contributed widely to condensed-matter physics. arshall Stoneham was a theoretical the form of a page reference to the book! he wrote a masterly article (A. M. Stoneham physicist, most noted for his work During the 1970s, the Harwell theory Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 368, 3295–3313; 2010) on defects in solids, who made team had a leading role in the development on the history of the UK nuclear-energy pro- Mwide-ranging contributions to condensed- of condensed-matter computational phys- gramme and its prospects and challenges. matter science. He was a leading figure in ics, enabled by the availability of mainframe Nevertheless, with the environment at the Atomic Energy Research Establishment computers. Although Stoneham was at Harwell becoming less conducive to funda- (AERE) near Harwell, UK, when the key chal- heart an analytical theoretician, he appreci- mental research, in 1995 Stoneham became lenges to the nuclear industry became mate- ated this new capability. His solid-state and the first Massey professor of physics at Uni- rials and waste disposal as much as nuclear quantum-physics group exploited Harwell’s versity College London and director of its physics. He died on 18 February, aged 70. HADES code to model defects in solids, Centre for Materials Research. He loved the Born in 1940 in Barrow-in-Furness, in including their formation and migration wide range of materials-related work there northern England, Stoneham was educated energies and key structural properties. and developed projects in areas as diverse as at Barrow Grammar School for Boys, which The influence of this code, and Stoneham’s minimally invasive dentistry, odour recog- produced three future Fellows of the Royal group, extended beyond defect physics into nition, diamond film growth and quantum Society (of whom he was one), all in engi- information science, where his ideas on opti- neering and physical sciences, in the space of cally controlled gates led to a substantial and 15 years. -
Professor Peter Goldreich Member of the Board of Adjudicators Chairman of the Selection Committee for the Prize in Astronomy
The Shaw Prize The Shaw Prize is an international award to honour individuals who are currently active in their respective fields and who have recently achieved distinguished and significant advances, who have made outstanding contributions in academic and scientific research or applications, or who in other domains have achieved excellence. The award is dedicated to furthering societal progress, enhancing quality of life, and enriching humanity’s spiritual civilization. Preference is to be given to individuals whose significant work was recently achieved and who are currently active in their respective fields. Founder's Biographical Note The Shaw Prize was established under the auspices of Mr Run Run Shaw. Mr Shaw, born in China in 1907, was a native of Ningbo County, Zhejiang Province. He joined his brother’s film company in China in the 1920s. During the 1950s he founded the film company Shaw Brothers (HK) Limited in Hong Kong. He was one of the founding members of Television Broadcasts Limited launched in Hong Kong in 1967. Mr Shaw also founded two charities, The Shaw Foundation Hong Kong and The Sir Run Run Shaw Charitable Trust, both dedicated to the promotion of education, scientific and technological research, medical and welfare services, and culture and the arts. ~ 1 ~ Message from the Chief Executive I warmly congratulate the six Shaw Laureates of 2014. Established in 2002 under the auspices of Mr Run Run Shaw, the Shaw Prize is a highly prestigious recognition of the role that scientists play in shaping the development of a modern world. Since the first award in 2004, 54 leading international scientists have been honoured for their ground-breaking discoveries which have expanded the frontiers of human knowledge and made significant contributions to humankind. -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses Probing the nature of dark matter with small-scale cosmology: A new estimate of the satellite galaxy complement of the Milky Way NEWTON, OLIVER,JAMES How to cite: NEWTON, OLIVER,JAMES (2019) Probing the nature of dark matter with small-scale cosmology: A new estimate of the satellite galaxy complement of the Milky Way, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/13312/ Use policy This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 (CC BY-SA) Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 Probing the nature of dark matter with small-scale cosmology A new estimate of the satellite galaxy complement of the Milky Way Oliver Newton A Thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Institute for Computational Cosmology Ogden Centre for Fundamental Physics Department of Physics Durham University United Kingdom August 2019 Probing the nature of dark matter with small-scale cosmology A new estimate of the satellite galaxy complement of the Milky Way Oliver Newton Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2019 Abstract: The standard model of cosmology has been enormously successful both at reproducing many observed properties of the Universe, and at predicting others. Despite this success one of its key components, a dark matter particle, has not been observed in targeted searches or indirect detection experiments. In addition, a number of discrepancies have arisen between observational proxies of DM structure and the small-scale predictions of this leading cosmological model, challenging its status as the standard paradigm. -
The Taylor Conference 2009 CONVERGENCE BETWEEN RESEARCH and INNOVATION in CATALYSIS
DOI: 10.1595/147106709X474307 The Taylor Conference 2009 CONVERGENCE BETWEEN RESEARCH AND INNOVATION IN CATALYSIS Reviewed by S. E. Golunski§ and A. P. E. York*‡ Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, Blounts Court, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, U.K.; and ‡Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3RA, U.K.; *E-mail: [email protected] The Taylor Conferences are organised by the Professor Gabor Somorjai (University of Surface Reactivity and Catalysis (SURCAT) Group California, Berkeley, U.S.A.) developed the theme of the Royal Society of Chemistry in the U.K. (1). that progress in catalysis is stimulated by revolu- The series began in 1996, to provide a forum for tionary changes in thinking. He predicted that, discussion of the current issues in heterogeneous whereas in previous eras new catalysts were identi- catalysis and, equally importantly, to promote fied through an Edisonian approach (based on trial interest in this field among recent graduates. The and error) or discovered on the basis of empirical fourth in the series was held at Cardiff University understanding, future catalyst design will be based in the U.K. from 22nd to 25th June 2009, attract- on the principles of nanoscience. He highlighted his ing 120 delegates, mainly from U.K. academic idea of ‘hot electrons’ that are ejected from a metal centres specialising in catalysis. Abstracts of all lec- by the heat of reaction produced at active sites, but tures given at the conference are available on the which could become a potential energy source if conference website (2). -
Sir John Meurig Thomas (1932–2020)
crystallographers Sir John Meurig Thomas (1932–2020) Richard Catlow* ISSN 1600-5767 Department of Chemistry, University College London, United Kingdom, and School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom. *Correspondence e-mail: [email protected] John Meurig Thomas, who was a world renowned solid-state scientist, sadly died on 13 November 2020 at the age of 87. Thomas was born the son of a coalminer in the Gwendraeth Valley in South Wales. Keywords: Obituary. He graduated with BSc and PhD degrees in chemistry from the University College of Swansea. From 1958, he held academic positions in the University of Wales, initi- ally as Lecturer at Bangor and then (from 1969) as Professor at Aberystwyth. In 1978, he was appointed as Professor and Head of Figure 1 the Department of Physical Chemistry at John Meurig Thomas lecturing. Photograph by the University of Cambridge, before taking Nathan Pitt. up the prestigious role of Director of the Royal Institution (RI) in 1986. Subse- quently, he was Master of Peterhouse, while continuing his research programme at the RI, and he later took up honorary appointments in the Department of Materials Science at the University of Cambridge and the School of Chemistry at Cardiff University. Thomas made major contributions to many key areas of chemical and materials sciences: his early work focused on the developing field of the physical chemistry of solids and included key contributions to mineralogy; but his most significant scientific legacy will be in catalytic science, where he pioneered new techniques and systems, focusing on the development of fundamental knowledge which has allowed the optimization and development of new catalytic technologies. -
American Astronomical Society 2014 Annual Report
AMERICAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 2014 ANNUAL REPORT A A S aas mission AND VISION statement The mission of the American Astronomical Society is to enhance and share humanity’s scientific understanding of the universe. 1. The Society, through its publications, disseminates and archives the results of astronomical research. The Society also communicates and explains our understanding of the universe to the public. 2. The Society facilitates and strengthens the interactions among members through professional meetings and other means. The Society supports member divisions representing specialized research and astronomical interests. 3. The Society represents the goals of its community of members to the nation and the world. The Society also works with other scientific and educational societies to promote the advancement of science. 4. The Society, through its members, trains, mentors and supports the next generation of astronomers. The Society supports and promotes increased participation of historically underrepresented groups in astronomy. A 5. The Society assists its members to develop their skills in the fields of education and public outreach at all levels. The Society promotes broad interest in astronomy, which enhances science literacy and leads many to careers in science and engineering. A S 2014 annual report - contents 4 president’s mesSAGE 5 executive officer’s mesSAGE 6 FINANCIAL REPORT 8 MEMBERSHIP 10 CHARITABLE DONORS 12 PUBLISHING 13 PUBLIC POLICY 14 AAS & DIVISION MEETINGS 16 DIVISIONS, COMMITTEES & WORKINGA GROUPS 17 MEDIA RELATIONS 18 EDUCATION & OUTREACH A20 PRIZE WINNERS 21 MEMBER DEATHS Established in 1899, the American Astronomical Society (AAS) is the major organization of professional astronomers in North America. The membership also includes physicists, mathematicians, geologists, engineers and others whose research interests lie within the broad spectrum of subjects now comprising contemporary astronomy. -
Year in Review
Year in review For the year ended 31 March 2017 Trustees2 Executive Director YEAR IN REVIEW The Trustees of the Society are the members Dr Julie Maxton of its Council, who are elected by and from Registered address the Fellowship. Council is chaired by the 6 – 9 Carlton House Terrace President of the Society. During 2016/17, London SW1Y 5AG the members of Council were as follows: royalsociety.org President Sir Venki Ramakrishnan Registered Charity Number 207043 Treasurer Professor Anthony Cheetham The Royal Society’s Trustees’ report and Physical Secretary financial statements for the year ended Professor Alexander Halliday 31 March 2017 can be found at: Foreign Secretary royalsociety.org/about-us/funding- Professor Richard Catlow** finances/financial-statements Sir Martyn Poliakoff* Biological Secretary Sir John Skehel Members of Council Professor Gillian Bates** Professor Jean Beggs** Professor Andrea Brand* Sir Keith Burnett Professor Eleanor Campbell** Professor Michael Cates* Professor George Efstathiou Professor Brian Foster Professor Russell Foster** Professor Uta Frith Professor Joanna Haigh Dame Wendy Hall* Dr Hermann Hauser Professor Angela McLean* Dame Georgina Mace* Dame Bridget Ogilvie** Dame Carol Robinson** Dame Nancy Rothwell* Professor Stephen Sparks Professor Ian Stewart Dame Janet Thornton Professor Cheryll Tickle Sir Richard Treisman Professor Simon White * Retired 30 November 2016 ** Appointed 30 November 2016 Cover image Dancing with stars by Imre Potyó, Hungary, capturing the courtship dance of the Danube mayfly (Ephoron virgo). YEAR IN REVIEW 3 Contents President’s foreword .................................. 4 Executive Director’s report .............................. 5 Year in review ...................................... 6 Promoting science and its benefits ...................... 7 Recognising excellence in science ......................21 Supporting outstanding science ..................... -
Numerical Cosmology & Galaxy Formation
Numerical Cosmology & Galaxy Formation Lecture 1: Motivation and Historical Overview Benjamin Moster 1 About this lecture • Lecture slides will be uploaded to www.usm.lmu.de/people/moster/Lectures/NC2016.html • Exercises will be lead by Dr. Remus 1st exercise will be next week (20.04.16, 12-14, USM Hörsaal) • Goal of exercises: run your own simulations Code: Gadget-2 available at http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/gadget/ • Evaluation: - Exercise sheets and tutorials: 50% - Project with oral presentation (to be chosen individually): 50% 2 Numerical Cosmology & Galaxy Formation 1 13.04.2016 Literature • Textbooks: - Mo, van den Bosch, White: Galaxy Formation and Evolution, 2010 - Schneider: Extragalactic Astronomy and Cosmology, 2006 - Padmanabhan: Structure Formation in the Universe, 1993 - Hockney, Eastwood: Computer Simulation Using Particles, 1988 • Reviews: - Trenti, Hut: Gravitational N-Body Simulations, 2008 - Dolag: Simulation Techniques for Cosmological Simulations, 2008 - Klypin: Numerical Simulations in Cosmology, 2000 - Bertschinger: Simulations of Structure Formation in the Universe, 1998 3 Numerical Cosmology & Galaxy Formation 1 13.04.2016 Outline of the lecture course • Lecture 1: Motivation & Historical Overview • Lecture 2: Review of Cosmology • Lecture 3: Generating initial conditions • Lecture 4: Gravity algorithms • Lecture 5: Time integration & parallelization • Lecture 6: Hydro schemes - Grid codes • Lecture 7: Hydro schemes - Particle codes • Lecture 8: Radiative cooling, photo heating • Lecture 9: Subresolution physics -
Receives $500000 Gruber Cosmology Prize For
US Media Contact: Foundation Contact: Cassandra Oryl Bernetia Akin +1 (202) 309-2263 +1 (340) 775-4430 [email protected] [email protected] Online Newsroom: www.gruberprizes.org/Press.php FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE "Gang of Four" Receives $500,000 Gruber Cosmology Prize for Reconstructing How the Universe Grew June 1, 2011, New York, NY –Four astronomers who found a way to recreate the growth of the universe are the recipients of the 2011 Cosmology Prize of The Peter and Patricia Gruber Foundation. Marc Davis, a professor in the Departments of Astronomy and Physics at the University of California at Berkeley; George Efstathiou, the director of the Kavli Institute for Cosmology in Cambridge; Carlos Frenk, the director of the Institute for Computational Cosmology at Durham University; and Simon White, a director of the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Garching, Germany, will share the $500,000 award. Marc Davis George Efstathiou Carlos Frenk Simon White The official citation recognizes the astronomers—nicknamed the “Gang of Four” by their colleagues and often collectively abbreviated as DEFW—for “their pioneering use of numerical simulations to model and interpret the large-scale distribution of matter in the Universe.” The Gruber Prize recognizes both the discovery method that DEFW introduced as well as the collaboration’s subsequent discoveries. Davis, Efstathiou, Frenk, and White will each receive an equal share of the award, along with a gold medal, at a ceremony this fall. They will also deliver a lecture. Astronomers have always told us what the universe looks like. Theorists have always invented ideas as to how it came to look that way. -
From the Chair's Desk…
research on the accelerated expansion of the universe, which FROM THE CHAIR’S DESK… earned the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics, is described on p. 4. Many of our faculty members continue to make headlines in Since my term as Chair of the the news. Geoff Marcy, famous “exoplanet” hunter and member Department of Astronomy started on of the Kepler team, was recently in the news when that group 1 July 2010, there hasn’t been a dull announced the discovery of the first Earth-sized planets. Josh moment – there were many ups and Bloom, together with his team, connected a powerful gamma- downs, though. ray burst to a black hole “feasting” on a star. Peter Nugent We all were extremely pleased with discovered a supernova, the closest ever to Earth, within hours the 2010 National Research Council of its explosion through real-time analysis of data taken with the (NRC) rankings of Ph.D. programs Palomar Transient Factory (PTF). More recently, Chung-Pei Ma’s across the nation, as our Astronomy team announced the discovery of the most massive black hole to Department came out as number date, at a hefty 10 billion solar masses. one (in a close tie with Caltech). At Our graduate students and undergraduate majors continue to the same time, however, we were thrive, and our postdoctoral program is one of “the strongest dealing with the loss of an eminent assets of the Department”, according to the External Review faculty member. Donald C. Backer, Committee in 2008. This past year we had close to two dozen Professor of Astronomy and Director postdocs, including Hubble, Einstein, Jansky and Berkeley Miller of the Radio Astronomy Laboratory, died unexpectedly in July Fellows.