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Institute of Viticulture and Enology Pleven, Bulgaria

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Institute of Viticulture and Enology Pleven, Bulgaria The Vineyard of Southern Bulgaria Institute of Viticulture and Enology Pleven, Bulgaria Findings about the first vitis vinifera sativa crop varieties date from the Neolithic Age and the Eneolithic Age 6-3th millennium BC By Artifacts Bulgaria ranks 3rd in the world after Greece and Italy. These artifacts are for the most part, signs of the high material culture of the people inhabiting the Balkan Peninsula: Thracians, Romans, Greeks, Slavs and Bulgarians. Most of these finds are related to viticulture and wine-making: tools, stone wineries, written monuments. Vine and wine were an integral part of the Thracian customs and traditions. In 1960 four wine-growing regions were outlined: East, South, North and Southwest (Stoev et al., 1960); In 2000 Bulgaria is divided into two major wine regions: Danubian Plain and Thracian Valley, which in turn are divided into 5 wine-growing regions: North, East (Black sea), South, Sub-Balkan and Southwest. 78738 80000 70408 70000 58192 60000 51626 47350 46809 50000 43772 36458 34542 ha 40000 30282 30000 20000 10000 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 North Western North Central North Eastern South Eastern South Western South Central Source: MAFF, Agrostatistics Department Fig. 1: Dynamics of the cultivated areas with wine grapes varieties by statistical regions during 2007-2016 period, ha In 2016 the total area of cultivated vineyards in the country was 36 551 ha. The largest share in the production structure of the sector belonged to red wine grape varieties (63% of the harvested area), followed by white wine grape varieties (32%) and table grapes (5%). The dynamics of the harvested area of the vineyards with the wine grapes varieties for the period 2007-2016, showed a decrease. 2015 year Other Gamza 19% Merlot 2% Mavrud 16% Shiroka 2% Cabernet melnishka loza Sauvignon 15% 2% Dimyat 5% Chardonnay Blanc 5% Pamid Muscat Ottonel Misket cherven Rkatsiteli 11% 7% 7% 9% Source: MAFF, Agrostatistics Department Fig. 2: Varietal structure of wine grapes vineyards in 2015 year The implementation of the investment intentions of the entrepreneurs in viticulture has resulted in an increase of the areas of the introduced red wine varieties - Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon. The traditional local white and red wine varieties, bearers of cultural values and national identity – Misket cherven, Dimyat, Gamza, Pamid, Mavrud and Shiroka Melnishka Loza, were more progressively substituted in the varietal structure of the vineyards as a result of the lower investment interest. 1800000 1693,7 1378,9 1600000 1339,5 1310,2 1400000 1185,9 1206,2 1207,8 1200000 1001,4 955,9 1000000 746,9 800000 600000 400000 200000 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 North Western North Central North Eastern South Eastern South Western South Central Source: MAFF Fig. 3: Wine production per statistical regions during 2007-2016, thousands hectoliters The quantity of produced wine in 2016 was 1207785 hl, which was 9,8% lower than the recorded one in 2007. Table and regional wines (PGI) prevailed in the assortment structure of production, respectively 69,3% and 32,4% of the total wine output in the country. The production of wines with a protected designation of origin (PDO) represented only 0,8% of the total wine output. The production of wines with a geographical indication (GI) – with a protected designation of origin (PDO) and a protected geographical indication (PGI) sign – like a marketing tool acquired a new meaning in the context of necessity for preserving the local production. 100000 90000 80000 70000 60000 50000 40000 30000 thousands EUR 20000 10000 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Export, thousands euros Import, thousands euros Trade balance, thosands euros Source: National Statistical Institute Fig. 4. Export, import and foreign trade balance of the trade in wine, thousand EUR The wine production is a traditionally export branch in our country. The positive value of the foreign trade balance of the wine trade determines its importance as an export product generating a part of the foreign currency receipts in the payment balance of our country. The main export destinations in 2016 are: •EU – 89,2 % of the total export quantity, including Poland – 16 566,2 thousands liters; United Kingdom – 1 555,5 thousands liters; Czech Republic – 1 164,2 thousands liters etc. •Russian Federation – 3 561,3 thousands liters (11,6% of total export); •China – 529,6 thousands liters (1,7% of total export); •Japan – 313,0 thousands liters. Wines are classified as: 1. wines with PDO; 2. wines with PGI; 3. varietal wines without PDO / PGI; 4. wines without PDO / PGI. For the production of quality wines with PDO and PGI - 51 viticulture micro-regions. 5 of these micro-regions are in Haskovo District: 1. Haskovo; 2. Ivailovgrad; 3. Lyubimets; 4.Stambolovo; 5. Sakar. 2016 year Other Mavrud 13% Chardonnay Dimyat 2% Merlot Blanc 4% 49% 3% Muscat Ottonel 1% Misket cherven 5% Syrah Cabernet 5% Pamid Sauvignon 4% 14% Source: MAFF, Agrostatistics Department Fig. 5: Varietal structure of vineyards with wine grapes varieties in Haskovo District 2016 year Merlot Cabernet Aligote 11% Sauvignon 31% 6% Mavrud Pamid 8% 34% Dimyat Muscat 8% Ottonel 2% Source: MAFF, Agrostatistics Department Fig. 6: Varietal structure of vineyards with wine grapes varieties in Kardzhali District Registered Grape growers/ Executive agency on vine and wine (EAVW) ‘2016 Number of Grape growers/ DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY Viticulture farms HASKOVO DIMITROVGRAD 209 HASKOVO IVAILOVGRAD 890 HASKOVO LUYBIMETS 3100 HASKOVO MADJAROVO 53 HASKOVO MINERALNI BANI 882 HASKOVO SVILENGRAD 5695 HASKOVO SIMEONOVGRAD 369 HASKOVO STAMBOLOVO 1765 HASKOVO TOPOLOVGRAD 721 HASKOVO HARMANLI 2873 HASKOVO HASKOVO 2121 KARDZHALI KRUMOVGRAD 114 KARDZHALI KARDZHALI 225 KARDZHALI MOMCHILGRAD 1 KARDZHALI CHERNOOCHENE 1 Total number: 19019 Local varieties DIMYAT TAMIANKA VINENKA GAMZA PAMID SHEVKA MISKET SHIROKA CHERVEN MAVRUD MELNISHKA LOZA Grape varieties - selected in Bulgaria MISKET MISKET RUBIN KAILASHKI SANDANSKI EVMOLPIA BUKET MELNIK 55 Commercial grape varieties MUSKAT SHARDONNEY OTTONEL SAUVIGNON BLANC RKATSITELI TRAMINER CABERNET MERLOT FRANC CABERNET SAUVIGNON MALBEC / COT / SYRAH Non - commercial grape varieties RIESLING VIOGNIER ITALIAN PINOT GRIS PINOT ALICANTE NOAR BOUSCHET TEMPRANILLO Executive agency on vine and wine (EAVW) ‘2016/ Registered wine producers NUMBER OF WINE DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY PRODUCERS HASKOVO Stambolovo 1 HASKOVO Harmanli 9 HASKOVO Lyubimets 2 HASKOVO Ivailovgrad 2 HASKOVO Svilengrad 5 KARDZHALI Momchilgrad 1 Total number 20 Wine Cellars and Wine Tourism Castra Rubra Castra Rubra Hotel Light Castle and Winery Yamantiev - Ivailovgrad Malkata zvezda/ Little star Katarzhina estate Strategies for Wine Sector and Tourism Development National strategy for the development of viticulture and wine production in the Republic of Bulgaria 2005-2025 Strategic goals: • Building a modern structure of the sector; • Expansion of the wine sector – measures: improving quality; increase production; increasing price • Establishing an authentic image of Bulgarian wine on the national and international markets - measures: Development of wine tourism National program for support of the viticulture and wine sector of Bulgaria for 2019-2023 period • Promotion of third country markets -to increase the competitiveness and the export of quality (with PDO, PGI and varietal) and organic Bulgarian wines to the third country markets. • Restructuring and conversion of vineyards National Strategy for Sustainable Development of Tourism in the Republic of Bulgaria 2014-2030. Updated version. 2017 Mission: Establishing conditions for sustainable development of destination and tourist regions, increasing the competitiveness of the tourist sector and the quality of the tourist product on the basis of partnership between all stakeholders. Regional Development Strategy of Haskovo District for 2014-2020 period Specific objective 1.2.2.: Encourage the development of sustainable tourism based on natural and cultural heritage – including wine tourism - suitable conditions exist in Lyubimets, Ivailovgrad, Svilengrad, Harmanli, Stambolovo. Regional Development Strategy of Kardzhali District for 2014-2020 period Priority 4: Integrated development of cultural-historical and alternative tourism. Marketing destination : Development of integrated tourist products and routes both between the municipalities of Kardzhali region and along with other areas. Tourist Places and Activities Municipality Kirkovo has many tourist places and activities: architectural, cultural-historical and natural landmarks; protected areas, eco-paths and many others. More then 10 hotels and guest houses with 3 and 4 stars. Pepper Festival Haskovo District The Thracian Art Museum in the Eastern Rhodopes is one of the most modern, well equipped and representative in the country and since 2011 it is also part of the “100 National Tourist Sites” of Bulgaria. Monument of the Holy Mother of God The world's highest statue of the Holy Virgin Mary and the Child was built in 2003. In 2005 it was recorded in the Guinness World Records. Main tourist attractions in Haskovo District Ancient and medieval fortress, Mineralni Bani village; The Mosque - church, Uzundzhovo village; Thracian dome tomb, Aleksandrovo village; The old bridge over the Maritsa (Evros) River, Svilengrad; Thracian dome tomb, Mezek village; Villa “Armira”, Ivaylovgrad; Thracian rock niches, Stambolovo; Wine Festivals St. Trifon –Zarezan 1.02./ 14.02. • BP8
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