Hypoplastic Amelogenesis Imperfecta with Multiple Impacted Teeth – Report of Two Cases
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Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology of the Kit Fox (Vulpes Macrotis)
Author's Personal Copy J. Comp. Path. 2019, Vol. 167, 60e72 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect www.elsevier.com/locate/jcpa DISEASE IN WILDLIFE OR EXOTIC SPECIES Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology of the Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis) N. Yanagisawa*, R. E. Wilson*, P. H. Kass† and F. J. M. Verstraete* *Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences and † Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA Summary Skull specimens from 836 kit foxes (Vulpes macrotis) were examined macroscopically according to predefined criteria; 559 specimens were included in this study. The study group consisted of 248 (44.4%) females, 267 (47.8%) males and 44 (7.9%) specimens of unknown sex; 128 (22.9%) skulls were from young adults and 431 (77.1%) were from adults. Of the 23,478 possible teeth, 21,883 teeth (93.2%) were present for examina- tion, 45 (1.9%) were absent congenitally, 405 (1.7%) were acquired losses and 1,145 (4.9%) were missing ar- tefactually. No persistent deciduous teeth were observed. Eight (0.04%) supernumerary teeth were found in seven (1.3%) specimens and 13 (0.06%) teeth from 12 (2.1%) specimens were malformed. Root number vari- ation was present in 20.3% (403/1,984) of the present maxillary and mandibular first premolar teeth. Eleven (2.0%) foxes had lesions consistent with enamel hypoplasia and 77 (13.8%) had fenestrations in the maxillary alveolar bone. Periodontitis and attrition/abrasion affected the majority of foxes (71.6% and 90.5%, respec- tively). -
Mutational Analysis of Candidate Genes in 24 Amelogenesis
Eur J Oral Sci 2006; 114 (Suppl. 1): 3–12 Copyright Ó Eur J Oral Sci 2006 Printed in Singapore. All rights reserved European Journal of Oral Sciences Jung-Wook Kim1,2, James P. Mutational analysis of candidate genes Simmer1, Brent P.-L. Lin3, Figen Seymen4, John D. Bartlett5, Jan C.-C. in 24 amelogenesis imperfecta families Hu1 1University of Michigan School of Dentistry, University of Michigan Dental Research 2 Kim J-W, Simmer JP, Lin BP-L, Seymen F, Bartlett JD, Hu JC-C. Mutational analysis Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Seoul National University, College of Dentistry, of candidate genes in 24 amelogenesis imperfecta families. Eur J Oral Sci 2006; 114 Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental (Suppl. 1): 3–12 Ó Eur J Oral Sci, 2006 Research Institute, Seoul, Korea; 3UCSF School of Dentistry, Department of Growth and Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a heterogeneous group of inherited defects in dental Development, San Francisco, CA, USA; 4 enamel formation. The malformed enamel can be unusually thin, soft, rough and University of Istanbul, Faculty of Dentistry, stained. The strict definition of AI includes only those cases where enamel defects Department of Pedodontics, apa, Istanbul, Turkey; 5The Forsyth Institute, Harvard-Forsyth occur in the absence of other symptoms. Currently, there are seven candidate genes for Department of Oral Biology, Boston, MA, USA AI: amelogenin, enamelin, ameloblastin, tuftelin, distal-less homeobox 3, enamelysin, and kallikrein 4. To identify sequence variations in AI candidate genes in patients with isolated enamel defects, and to deduce the likely effect of each sequence variation on Jan C.-C. -
Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology of the Walrus (Odobenus Rosmarus)
J. Comp. Path. 2016, Vol. -,1e12 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect www.elsevier.com/locate/jcpa DISEASE IN WILDLIFE OR EXOTIC SPECIES Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology of the Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) J. N. Winer*, B. Arzi†, D. M. Leale†,P.H.Kass‡ and F. J. M. Verstraete† *William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, † Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences and ‡ Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA Summary Maxillae and/or mandibles from 76 walruses (Odobenus rosmarus) were examined macroscopically according to predefined criteria. The museum specimens were acquired between 1932 and 2014. Forty-five specimens (59.2%) were from male animals, 29 (38.2%) from female animals and two (2.6%) from animals of unknown sex, with 58 adults (76.3%) and 18 young adults (23.7%) included in this study. The number of teeth available for examination was 830 (33.6%); 18.5% of teeth were absent artefactually, 3.3% were deemed to be absent due to acquired tooth loss and 44.5% were absent congenitally. The theoretical complete dental formula was confirmed to be I 3/3, C 1/1, P 4/3, M 2/2, while the most probable dental formula is I 1/0, C 1/1, P 3/3, M 0/0; none of the specimens in this study possessed a full complement of theoretically possible teeth. The majority of teeth were normal in morphology; only five teeth (0.6% of available teeth) were malformed. Only one tooth had an aberrant number of roots and only one supernumerary tooth was encountered. -
Tooth Enamel and Its Dynamic Protein Matrix
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Tooth Enamel and Its Dynamic Protein Matrix Ana Gil-Bona 1,2,* and Felicitas B. Bidlack 1,2,* 1 The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA 2 Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] (A.G.-B.); [email protected] (F.B.B.) Received: 26 May 2020; Accepted: 20 June 2020; Published: 23 June 2020 Abstract: Tooth enamel is the outer covering of tooth crowns, the hardest material in the mammalian body, yet fracture resistant. The extremely high content of 95 wt% calcium phosphate in healthy adult teeth is achieved through mineralization of a proteinaceous matrix that changes in abundance and composition. Enamel-specific proteins and proteases are known to be critical for proper enamel formation. Recent proteomics analyses revealed many other proteins with their roles in enamel formation yet to be unraveled. Although the exact protein composition of healthy tooth enamel is still unknown, it is apparent that compromised enamel deviates in amount and composition of its organic material. Why these differences affect both the mineralization process before tooth eruption and the properties of erupted teeth will become apparent as proteomics protocols are adjusted to the variability between species, tooth size, sample size and ephemeral organic content of forming teeth. This review summarizes the current knowledge and published proteomics data of healthy and diseased tooth enamel, including advancements in forensic applications and disease models in animals. A summary and discussion of the status quo highlights how recent proteomics findings advance our understating of the complexity and temporal changes of extracellular matrix composition during tooth enamel formation. -
Review Article Autoimmune Diseases and Their Manifestations on Oral Cavity: Diagnosis and Clinical Management
Hindawi Journal of Immunology Research Volume 2018, Article ID 6061825, 6 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6061825 Review Article Autoimmune Diseases and Their Manifestations on Oral Cavity: Diagnosis and Clinical Management Matteo Saccucci , Gabriele Di Carlo , Maurizio Bossù, Francesca Giovarruscio, Alessandro Salucci, and Antonella Polimeni Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 287a, 00161 Rome, Italy Correspondence should be addressed to Matteo Saccucci; [email protected] Received 30 March 2018; Accepted 15 May 2018; Published 27 May 2018 Academic Editor: Theresa Hautz Copyright © 2018 Matteo Saccucci et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Oral signs are frequently the first manifestation of autoimmune diseases. For this reason, dentists play an important role in the detection of emerging autoimmune pathologies. Indeed, an early diagnosis can play a decisive role in improving the quality of treatment strategies as well as quality of life. This can be obtained thanks to specific knowledge of oral manifestations of autoimmune diseases. This review is aimed at describing oral presentations, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome, pemphigus vulgaris, mucous membrane pemphigoid, and Behcet disease. 1. Introduction 2. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Increasing evidence is emerging for a steady rise of autoim- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe and chronic mune diseases in the last decades [1]. Indeed, the growth in autoimmune inflammatory disease of unknown etiopatho- autoimmune diseases equals the surge in allergic and cancer genesis and various clinical presentations. -
Oral Histology
Oral Histology Lec-6 Dr. Nada AL.Ghaban Amelogenesis (Enamel formation) Amelogenesis begins at cusp tips and the incisal edges of the E.organ of the tooth germ and then it separated down the cusp slopes until all the cells of inner enamel epithelium(IEE) differentiate into ameloblasts. Amelogenesis begins shortly after dentinogenesis at the advanced or late bell stage. The delicate basement membrane between IEE and odontoblasts will disintegrate after dentinogenesis and before amelogenesis. During the early stages of tooth development, the IEE cells proliferate and contribute to the growth of the developing tooth. Ameloblasts fully differentiate at the growth centers located at cusp tips of the forming crown and this differentiation pattern spreads towards the cervical loop (the future cervical line in a fully formed tooth). However, once the IEE has fully differentiated into ameloblasts there is no more proliferation as these highly differentiated cells do not divide again. Amelogenesis is a complex process, it involves 2 stages which are: 1- E. matrix deposition. 2- Maturation or mineralization of the E. matrix. E. matrix deposition: It means the secretion of the E. matrix by ameloblasts. The freshly secreted E. matrix contain 30% minerals as hydroxy apatite crystals and 70% waters and E. proteins which include 90% amelogenine protein and 10% non-amelogenins protein( enameline and ameloblastin). These E. proteins which are secreted by ameloblasts are responsible for creating and 1 maintaining an extracellular environment favorable to mineral deposition. When the first layer of E. is laid down, the ameloblasts will begins to retreat from DEJ towards E. surface and begins to secrete the next layer of E. -
Unusual Enamel Hypoplasia Associated with Teeth Mobility in a 13 Year Old Girl with Wilson Disease Nehal F
ndrom Sy es tic & e G n e e n G e f Hassib et al., J Genet Syndr Gene Ther 2012, 3:4 T o Journal of Genetic Syndromes h l e a r n a DOI: 10.4172/2157-7412.1000118 r p u y o J & Gene Therapy ISSN: 2157-7412 Case Report Open Access Unusual Enamel Hypoplasia Associated with Teeth Mobility in a 13 Year Old Girl with Wilson Disease Nehal F. Hassib*, Maie A. Mahmoud, Nevin M. Talaat and Tarek H. El-Badry National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt Abstract Wilson disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene. It is characterized by the progressive accumulation of copper in the body leading to liver cirrhosis and neuropsychological deterioration. This case may be the first one reported Wilson disease in association with remarkable enamel hypoplasia and teeth mobility leading to severe teeth destruction and pulp exposure. The objective of this investigation was to introduce the dental management for a 13 year old female patient with Wilson disease. The patients restored her smile and she was highly satisfied of the dental work. In conclusion, the dental management of patients with Wilson disease should become the focus of research because of the difficulty in patients’ management as our patient was suffering from dystonia restricting the mouth opening and in addition of being a mouth breather which affected the time and quality of the dental work. Keywords: Wilson disease; Enamel hypoplasia; Periodontal disease; lips and prominent philtrum (Figure 1a). Intraoral examination showed Copper disorder metabolism high arched palate, anterior open bite and enamel hypoplasia (Figures 1b and c). -
Analysis of the COL17A1 in Non-Herlitz Junctional Epidermolysis Bullosa and Amelogenesis Imperfecta
333-337 29/6/06 12:35 Page 333 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE 18: 333-337, 2006 333 Analysis of the COL17A1 in non-Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa and amelogenesis imperfecta HIROYUKI NAKAMURA1, DAISUKE SAWAMURA1, MAKI GOTO1, HIDEKI NAKAMURA1, MIYUKI KIDA2, TADASHI ARIGA2, YUKIO SAKIYAMA2, KOKI TOMIZAWA3, HIROSHI MITSUI4, KUNIHIKO TAMAKI4 and HIROSHI SHIMIZU1 1Department of Dermatology, 2Research Group of Human Gene Therapy, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638; 3Department of Dermatology, Ebetsu City Hospital, Hokkaido; 4Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Received January 31, 2006; Accepted March 27, 2006 Abstract. Non-Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa (nH- truncated polypeptide expression and to a milder clinical JEB) disease manifests with skin blistering, atrophy and tooth disease severity in nH-JEB. Conversely, we failed to detect enamel hypoplasia. The majority of patients with nH-JEB any pathogenic COL17A1 defects in AI patients, in either harbor mutations in COL17A1, the gene encoding type XVII exon or within the intron-exon borders of AI patients. This collagen. Heterozygotes with a single COL17A1 mutation, nH- study furthers the understanding of mutations in COL17A1 JEB defect carriers, may exhibit only enamel hypoplasia. In causing nH-JEB, and clearly demonstrates that the mechanism this study, to further elucidate COL17A1 mutation phenotype/ of enamel hypoplasia differs between nH-JEB and AI genotype correlations, we examined two unrelated families diseases. with nH-JEB. Furthermore, we hypothesized that COL17A1 mutations might underlie or worsen the enamel hypoplasia seen Introduction in amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) patients that are characterized by defects in tooth enamel formation without other systemic Type XVII collagen, 180-kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen is manifestations. -
Focus on Shingles and the Shingles Vaccines - by Allen Lefkovitz
October 2018 THE OMNICARE HealthLine Focus on Shingles and the Shingles Vaccines - by Allen Lefkovitz he current estimates from the Centers for Disease The risk of complications associated with shingles also TControl and Prevention (CDC) are that one in three increases with age. Complications associated with persons in the United States and 50% of adults 85 years shingles include, but are not limited to the following: or older will develop shingles (aka herpes zoster). Shingles Postherpetic neuralgia is a painful, localized skin rash that is caused by the same Scarring virus as chickenpox [i.e., the varicella zoster virus (VZV)]. (PHN) Following chickenpox, VZV remains in the body, but may Bacterial skin infections Vision and/or hearing reactivate many years later resulting in shingles. Shingles (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus) impairment is generally characterized by pain followed by a rash on one side of the body (usually in one or two areas called Pneumonia Social isolation dermatomes). The rash goes on to develop into fluid-filled blisters that typically scab over in 7 to 10 days, and then Brain inflammation Hepatitis gradually resolve in 2 to 4 weeks. Beyond pain and itching, other symptoms of shingles may include fever, headache, Weakness or paralysis Death sensitivity to light, and/or nausea. While exposure to someone with shingles does not PHN is the most common complication of shingles and increase your risk of shingles, individuals who have never may occur in up to 20% of individuals with shingles. PHN had chickenpox and who have never been vaccinated for involves persistent pain in the area where the rash used chickenpox are at risk of contracting VZV. -
Overview of Morphological Changes Inenamel Organ Cells Associated
Int..J.Dc,". BioI. 39: ]53-161 (l1J1J5) 153 Overview of morphological changes in enamel organ cells associated with major events in amelogenesis CHARLES E. SMITH" and ANTONIO NANCI2 J Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology, and Oral Biology, McGill University and ]Departments of Anatomy and Stomatology, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada ABSTRACT The formation and mineralization of enamel is controlled by epithelial cells of the enamel organ which undergo marked, and in some cases repetitive, alterations in cellular morphology as part of the developmental process. The most dramatic changes are seen in ameloblasts which reverse their secretory polarity during differentiation to allow for extracellular release of large amounts of proteins from plasma membrane surfaces that were originally the embryonic bases of the cells. Secreted enamel proteins at first do not accumulate in a layer but, in part, percolate into the developing predentin and subjacent odontoblast layer. Appositional growth of an enamel layer begins with mineralization of the dentin, and ameloblasts develop a complicated functional apex (Tome's processes) to direct release of matrix proteins, and perhaps proteinases, at interrod and rod growth sites. Once the full thickness of enamel is produced, some ameloblasts degenerate, and the surviving cells shorten in height and spread out at the enamel surface. They reform a basal lamina to cover the immature enamel, and continue producing small amounts of enamel proteins that pass through the basal lamina into the enamel. Ameloblasts also undergo cycles of modulation where apical invaginations enriched in Ca-ATPases and other enzymes are formed and shed on a repetitive basis Iruffle-endedl smooth-ended transitions). -
Congenital Hypothyrodism and Its Oral Manifestations Hipotiroidismo Congénito Y Sus Manifestaciones Bucales
www.medigraphic.org.mx Revista Odontológica Mexicana Facultad de Odontología Vol. 18, No. 2 April-June 2014 pp 133-138 CASE REPORT Congenital hypothyrodism and its oral manifestations Hipotiroidismo congénito y sus manifestaciones bucales Marxy E Reynoso Rodríguez,* María A Monter García,§ Ignacio Sánchez FloresII ABSTRACT RESUMEN Hypothyroidism is one of the most common thyroid disorders. El hipotiroidismo es el más común de los trastornos de la tiroides, Hypothyroidism can be congenital in cases when the thyroid puede ser congénito si la glándula tiroides no se desarrolla correc- gland does not develop normally. Female predominance is a tamente (hipotiroidismo congénito). La predominancia femenina es characteristic of congenital hypothyroidism. Dental characteristics una característica. Entre las características odontológicas del hi- of hypothyroidism are thick lips, a large-sized tongue which, due potiroidismo se observan labios gruesos, lengua de gran tamaño, to its position, can elicit anterior open bite as well as fanned-out que debido a su posición suele producir mordida abierta anterior y anterior teeth. In these cases, delayed eruption of primary and dientes anteriores en abanico, destaca que la dentición temporal y permanent dentitions can be observed, and teeth, even though permanente presentan un retardo eruptivo característico y, aunque normal-sized, are crowded due to the small-sized jaws. This study los dientes son de tamaño normal, suelen estar apiñados por el ta- presents clinical cases of female patients diagnosed with congenital maño pequeño de los maxilares. Se presentan dos casos clínicos hypothyroidism who sought treatment at the Dental Pediatrics Unit de pacientes de sexo femenino que acuden a la clínica de Especia- of the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico. -
Oral Manifestations of Red Blood C Research Article
z Available online at http://www.journalcra.com INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT RESEARCH International Journal of Current Research Vol. 10, Issue, 11, pp.75681-75686, November, 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24941/ijcr.33312.11.2018 ISSN: 0975-833X RESEARCH ARTICLE ORAL MANIFESTATIONS OF RED BLOOD CELL DISORDERS: A RECENT ANATOMIZATION 1Swatantra Shrivastava, 2Sourabh Sahu, 3Pavan Kumar Singh, 4Rajeev Kumar Shrivastava, 5, *Soumendu Bikash Maiti and 6Stuti Shukla 1Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, India 2MGM Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad, India 3Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vyas Dental College and Hospital, India 4Master of Dental Surgery , Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, Udaipur, India 5Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Pacific Dental College and Research Center, India 6Post Graduate, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New horizon Dental College and Research center, Bilaspur India ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Primary objective of the literature is recognize and evaluate the wide array of oral manifestations Received 17th August, 2018 associated with red blood cell disorders which would eventually aid in diagnosis of the lesions Received in revised form associated with the disorders for the practitioners. It starts with petechiae, spontaneous gingival 03rd September, 2018 bleeding, herpetic infection in aplastic anaemia to hunter’s glossitis in pernicious anaemia. Literature Accepted 26th October, 2018 also includes enamel hypoplasia associated with erythroblastis fetalis, atrophic glossitis in iron th Published online 30 November, 2018 deficiency anemia with symptom of glossodynia in megaloblastic anemia. Marked manifestations of pharyngo-esophageal ulcerations and esophageal webs seen in plummer Vinson syndrome and Key Words: periodontitis, taurodontism, agenesia, supernumerary teeth to be seen in fanconi’s anemia.