PROVISION OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO EMFULENI LOCAL MUNICIPALITY TO PREPARE NEIGHBORHOOD DEVELOPMENT PARTNERSHIP GRANT APPLICATIONS

Township Development Strategy, Urban Design Frameworks and Selected Projects

INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT August 2009

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 2 DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ...... 2 2.1 TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS ...... 3 2.2 WETLANDS...... 9 2.3 STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT NODES ...... 10 2.4 TOURISM ROUTE ...... 13 2.5 TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT...... 16 3 URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS ...... 17 3.1 CIRCULATION ...... 18 3.2 OPEN SPACE ...... 23 3.3 CORRIDORS, PRECINCTS AND HISTORIC SITES ...... 28 4 PROJECT SELECTION ...... 32 4.1 WETLAND REGENERATION AND PARK DEVELOPMENT IN ...... 36 4.2 UPGRADE OF CIVIC AND COMMERCIAL HUB IN ...... 43 4.3 DEVELOPMENT OF OPEN SPACE IN BOPHELONG ALONG THE ...... 49 4.4 CREATION OF A CULTURAL PRECINCT IN ...... 58 4.5 A TRANSIT HUB NEAR BOIPATONG ...... 66 4.6 DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL NODE IN SEBOKENG ...... 68 5 ANNEX ...... 76

INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT INTRODUCTION

1 INTRODUCTION

In April 2009 Kwezi V 3 Engineers was appointed to The township development strategy focuses on at the beginning of Section 4. From this broad provide technical assistance to Emfuleni Local connecting the four townships, originally isolated array, six priority projects have been selected that Municipality (ELM) for the preparation of business by spatial planning, to the primary best fit the requirements for NDPG funding. Three plans for capital grant funding from the economic centers of and to four of the priority projects will be prepared as Neighborhood Development Partnership Grant as well as to each other. The strategy business plans subject to the decision and approval (NDPG). This funding is intended to support emphasizes three local development corridors that of the Sedibeng Municipal Council. township development projects in areas with link each township to larger regional routes, and economic growth potential in order to attract highlights five key nodes along these corridors The township development strategy, urban design private sector investment. To effectively allocate where concentrated investment will likely have the frameworks and plans for priority projects were funding and avoid ad‐hoc development, the NDPG most positive economic, social and environmental formulated after an extensive review of relevant requires that projects submitted as business plans impact. It also delineates a tourism route featuring documentation and research reports, consultations be rooted in an overall township development points of interest and historic sites in the four with officials of SDM and ELM, discussions with strategy as well as in urban design frameworks for townships. local business people and township residents, the specific townships or smaller neighborhood attendance at key workshops and meetings, and locations, depending on the propsed project scale. The urban design frameworks for Boipatong, numerous site visits with photodocumentation. Bophelong, and the Sebokeng/ area stress (Please see the Annex for lists of documents and This report presents the township development the importance of improving the internal circulation meetings). The first draft of the strategy was strategy, urban design frameworks and selected networks by establishing street hierarchies and confirmed by the data obtained from a survey of 60 priority projects for Boipatong, Bophelong, recommending targeted improvements. township residents and business owners conducted Sebokeng and Evaton in Emfuleni Local Treatments for various types of open space are at the end of June, focusing on community needs Municipality. These townships are part of the suggested and later developed in detail in several of and priorities. Provincial Government’s 20 Priority the project proposals. Existing nodes, corridors and Townships Programme (20 PTP) and have been historic sites in the townships are noted and these The strategy, frameworks and priority projects have selected by Sedibeng District Municipality (SDM) activity centers guide the final project selection. been presented to representatives from SDM and and ELM as target areas for NDPG‐funded projects. ELM and the selection of projects to prepare as These townships are also historically significant in 30 potential projects corresponding to the urban business plans is currently being debated by the relation to the struggle against apartheid. design frameworks for the townships are identified Sedibeng Municipal Council.

INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 1 TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

2 TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

In its June 2009 assessment report, the Kv3 team • Improving roads and identified several planning issues affecting the four pedestrian paths townships, including: • Linking transport systems (e.g. • Treating open space and wetlands; taxi and rail) • Improving transportation and circulation; • Encouraging community • Creating a sense of place; involvement and social programs • Balancing formal and informal retail; and • Safety and maintenance • Managing solid waste.

The strategy for township development presented in this report addresses these issues through three overlapping themes that structure the urban design frameworks and direct the selection of priority projects (See Illustration 2.1): 1. Social inclusion and Connectivity, including improving circulation within the townships and connecting them to economic centers; 2. Environment and Health, including developing and maintaining open space and regenerating wetlands; and 3. Economic Development and Investment, including promoting the growth of new and • Developing regional attractions • Solid waste management • Commercial/retail investment existing formal and informal businesses. • Pollution clean‐up • Beautification and densification • Upgrade and maintenance of • Cultural and historic pride Most of the projects recommended in this report fall open space • Infrastructure and maintenance under more than one of these themes, increasing their overall impact. Illustration 2.1: Themes defining the township development strategy.

INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 2 TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

2.1 TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS

NATIONAL ROADS AND REGIONAL ROUTES

The existing major transport corridors through To Emfuleni Local Municipality do not sufficiently link Boipatong, Bophelong, Sebokeng and Evaton to the primary economic centers, Vereeniging and Vanderbijlpark (See Map 2.1).

Investment along the and the , the regional EVATON development corridors identified by Sedibeng District R 82 Municipality (SDM) in its Spatial Development Framework (SDF), while critical for overall SEBOKENG development in both Sedibeng and Emfuleni, will N 1 benefit the selected townships only indirectly. The R 54 main development corridors delineated in Emfuleni’s R 54 R 59 SDF – the (the Golden Highway), the R57, the R 553 R 57 R 28 , the and the – provide some connectivity Vereeniging to Bophelong, Sebokeng and Evaton but bypass BOPHELONG BOIPATONG Boipatong and .

Vanderbijlpark R 42

Sasolburg To Cape Town

Map 2.1: Major transport corridors. INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 3 TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS

RAILWAYS

Public transportation options for township residents in Emfuleni Local Municipality consist of trains, buses and taxis. The train system, while efficient and inexpensive for riders, primarily serves the residents of Sebokeng and Evaton at four stops along Sebe Street (See Map 2.3). Residents of Boipatong and Bophelong are not served by rail stations.

Existing rail lines that connect with the passenger line serving Sebokeng pass through land owned by Mittal Corportation and are likely owned by that company to be used for cargo transport around the large industrial site. One private rail line runs near to Boipatong and Bophelong. Emfuleni Local Municipality should investigate, with representatives from Mittal, the possibility of using these lines for passenger service to provide the residents of Boipatong and Bophelong with additional transport options. A passenger train station near these two townships would also serve the residents of the northern section of Vanderbijlpark who do not have easy access to train service.

Map 2.2: Rail system in Emfuleni Local Municipality

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Map 2.3: Rail stations serving Sebokeng/Evaton

EVATON

SEBOKENG

BOIPATONG

BOPHELONG

INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 5 TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

TRANSPORTATION CORRIDORS

STRATEGIC LOCAL CORRIDORS

Sebokeng, Evaton, Boipatong and Bophelong are best linked to each other and to Vanderbijlpark and Vereeniging by three interconnected main surface streets that form the backbone of the proposed township development strategy:

• Moshoeshoe Street (the Old Golden Highway), starting as Frikke Meyer Boulevard in Vanderbijlpark running past Boipatong and Mittal Steel Corporation, changing to Moshoeshoe near Sebokeng and eventually linking to Adams Road in Evaton; • Delfos Boulevard running from Bophelong past Boipatong, changing to Mareka Street through Sharpeville and eventually linking to the R28 to Vereeniging. Ideally, in Sharpeville this corridor would connect to Seeiso Street rather than Mareka Street through the new heritage hub and sports precinct recently proposed by the planning firm ARUP. • Adams Road in Evaton, running from Moshoeshoe Street to the Residensia train station, and eventually connecting to the R82 via Evaton Road (See map 2.5).

Map 2.4: Local roads connecting the townships, Vereeniging and Vanderbijlpark. INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 6 TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

Map 2.5: Corridors that form the backbone of the township development strategy.

INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 7 TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

While officials from Emfuleni Local Municipality and MOSHOESHOE STREET township residents recognize Moshoeshoe Street and Adams Road as key local corridors, Delfos Boulevard is also strategic in that it links Bophelong, Boipatong and Sharpeville to each other, to Moshoeshoe Street, and eventually to Vereeniging through the R28. Each of these routes is critical to the development of the townships and should guide investment priorities. Focusing major interventions, streetscape improvements and openspace projects along these ADAMS ROAD selected corridors will: • Improve the image of the townships and create a stronger sense of place for residents, visitors and potential investors; • Provide a location for a tourism route connecting historic sites to the (See Section 2.4); • Link key projects that are planned or underway in Evaton (Evaton Renewal Project), Sharpeville (Heritage Hub, Sports Precinct and Dam project), and Boipatong (Boipatong DELFOS BOULEVARD Massacre Memorial). • Catalyze further development along these corridors, effectively blurring the edges between the townships and their surroundings. This is particularly necessary for Boipatong and Bophelong, the smaller and more isolated locations.

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2.2 WETLANDS

A riparian system runs through Emfuleni Local Municipality connecting to the Vaal River. The wetlands are located primarily in the Municipality’s rural areas but also extend into Evaton, Sebokeng and Boipatong (See Map 2.6). Much attention has been paid to the Vaal River and its potential as a tourism destination, but little has been done to regenerate the wetland areas in the townships which have been polluted by industrial and household waste. These large open spaces must be treated carefully given their function as wetlands, but they provide considerable opportunities for environmental rehabilitation and beautification as well as for the development of passive and active recreational areas in townships with few formal parks.

Evaton has several initiatives to restore and use its large greenspace/wetland area, including a hydroponics project and a community golf course. These approaches could also be tested in Boipatong and Sebokeng.

Map 2.6: Riparian system in Emfuleni Local Municipality.

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2.3 STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT NODES

Five strategic nodes along the selected of Boipatong, is an overlooked potential 4. A Cultural and Heritage Route composed of development corridors stand out as having special development area. Power lines constrain historic sites in Evaton. significance given the objectives of social inclusion opportunities for construction, but large parcels and connectivity, economic development and of land around the intersection are open. Construction on buildings within the Government environmental regeneration in the four townships: Development in this area would help to Precinct has already begun, and the Heritage Route connect Boipatong and Vanderbijlpark, has recently been delineated. While each of the 1. The vacant land surrounding the Vaal currently separated by open land, and could planned projects will be beneficial to Evaton, the University of Technology. This large area in provide much needed economic opportunities. Eastern Precinct at Residencia Station and the Sebokeng comprising a university, a college, a A passenger train station located along the Western Precinct at the corner of Adams Road fit stadium and a number of vacant land parcels is Mittal rail line near the intersection could act as particularly well within the township development one of the most strategic nodes in ELM, a catalyst for further development. strategy and would be foundational projects particularly for township development. It has 4. The informal market area at the corner of anchoring the development of Adams Road as a excellent access from the along the R54, Adams Road and Moshoeshoe Street commercial corridor linking to Moshoeshoe Street. which subsequently leads to Vereeniging. It is 5. Residensia train station and the surrounding The Western Precinct would provide structured relatively near one of the four train stations land. space to informal traders located at the serving Sebokeng and could be the site of a intersection while also supplying housing and large regional development project. Concept plans for the last two strategic nodes have community facilities. Development around the 2. The vacant land between the R57 and already been formulated under the Evaton Renewal Residencia Station would take advantage of the Bophelong. A large expanse of open space Project funded by the Gauteng Department of pedestrian traffic in this busy area, upgrading along the R57 forms the eastern border of Housing. The Project has several objectives, existing commercial entities and formally Bophelong and serves as an entrance to including upgrading infrastructure and housing, structuring the busy taxi rank. Emfuleni. The land is currently undeveloped. promoting local economic growth and improving Although the area is studded with powerlines, social services. Several sites have been identified Since the Evaton Renewal Project is already some carefully planned construction and for future development: receiving R1.6 billion in Provincial funding, the development of park and recreation areas is 1. The Eastern Precinct, comprising land near selected projects in Evaton will not be prepared as possible. ELM has identified this project as a the Residencia Train Station; business plans for the NDPG. However, Sedibeng priority. 2. The Western Precinct, located at the District Municipality and Emfuleni Local 3. The intersection of Delfos Boulevard and intersection of Moshoeshoe and Adams; Municipality should prioritize the development of Frikke Meyer Boulevard near Boipatong. This 3. The Government and Sports Precinct, the Eastern and Western Precincts within the intersection, located between the northern located near Evaton’s large wetland along framework of the Evaton Renewal Project. section of Vanderbijlpark and the southern part Union and Easton Roads;

INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 10 TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

Vacant land along the R57 corridor at the intersection with Delfos Boulevard.

Residencia Train Station in Sebokeng. Map 2.7: Location of Strategic Township Development Nodes.

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Map 2.8: Key Nodes for Township Development

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2.4 TOURISM ROUTE

A goal of both SDM and ELM is to increase tourism in Vereeniging or at the Vaal River and follow the would be a key stop on a historic route tied to the by improving the Vaal waterfront area and by selected corridors of Delfos Boulevard, anti‐apartheid struggle. SDM and ELM would need offering tourists other activities to encourage them Moshoeshoe Street and Adams Road to visit the to collaborate with Mittal to provide this tour of the to extend their stay in Emfuleni. The Vaal Meander following sites: plant. Wine Route, linking 13 different venues near the Vaal River and showcasing wines from 30 South Sharpeville. The Sedibeng Department of Tourism Sebokeng. The SDM Department of Tourism African wine estates, is one new initiative to attract already guides tours to the Sharpeville Human currently brings visitors to several sites in additional visitors to the Vaal. Rights Memorial and Precinct. In 2008, the Sebokeng, most of which are connected to planning firm ARUP was commissioned to design a Moshoeshoe Street. They visit the large Sebokeng Another alternative is a Vaal/Emfuleni heritage new Sharpeville Heritage Hub, a Sports Precinct and hostels and the hospital at the township’s entrance, tour. Townships in the Municipality have a large green space project around the Dhlomo Dam and they view the site of the Nangalembe Night considerable history related to the anti‐Apartheid for implementation by 2010. Vigil massacre. In addition, visitors may attend Struggle, from the Sharpeville Massacre in 1960 to events at the Mphatlalatsane Theatre. With several the signing of the constitution in 1996. Several Boipatong. A memorial and historic route small improvements, the area near the theatre and projects to commemorate historic events are commemorating the 1992 , nearby Shop‐Rite could be transformed into a plaza currently underway in Evaton, Boipatong, Sebokeng funded by Gautrain’s Community Initiative, will be for a craft market and outdoor performing arts and Sharpeville. The Sedibeng Department of implemented by the Provincial Department of space. Tourism stated that it already hosts about 1000 Public Transport, Roads and Works. The project visitors per month, primarily organized bus tours was launched in 2008 and is currently in progress Evaton. In June 2009 the Evaton Renewal Project in for school groups to the Vaal Teknorama Museum with plans for a monument, park, historical route, conjunction with the planning firm Jaksa Barbir and the Sharpeville Heritage sites. Occasionally the revamped commercial area and taxi rank. released the “Development Framework for the tours will extend to Sebokeng and Evaton Establishment of the Evaton Cultural and Heritage depending on the parties’ time and interest. Given Mittal Steel (Formerly ISCOR). The steel industry, Route,” documenting their work they development the existing tourism demand and the new projects Emfuleni’s economic base for many years and the of heritage sites in Evaton, including Jada’s Square, to establish historic sites within the townships, the driving force behind the development of several the Cemetery, Wilberforce, McCamel Church, the SDM and ELM should collaborate to develop an townships, is interlinked with Emfuleni’s history. A Residencia Station, Masenkeng, St. John’s Apostolic Emfuleni/Vaal heritage tour that would begin either tour of the workings of Mittal’s major industrial site Faith Mission, and the Wetlands. Jada’s Square and

INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 13 TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY the Residencia Station Precinct are located along the improved Seeiso Street, through the and would return along Delfos to Moshoeshoe Adams Road and could easily be integrated into a proposed Sharpeville Heritage Hub and Sports Street and Adams Road. heritage route along the selected development Precinct, along Delfos Boulevard to Lekoa corridors. Street and the Boipatong Heritage sites, Developing the tour route and bus service returning to Delfos and linking to Moshoeshoe accompanied by trained guides from the SDM and ELM should collaborate to set up a special Street and eventually Adams Road. Department of Tourism is the first step toward tour bus to run along the delineated route. The increasing tourism in the Municipality, as tourists bus/trolley should be designed to catch the eyes of 2. The heritage tour would connect to the Vaal are already visiting several of the selected sites. visitors. There are two potential routes such a bus Meander (See Map 2.9). The bus would start Momentum will increase as new sites are gradually could take: from the Emerald Casino and run up Frikke added. Streetscape improvements, tasteful signage Meyer Boulevard, then along Delfos Boulevard and entrance beautification are also essential to 1. Starting in Vereenigning at the Vaal Teknorama to Boipatong and Seeiso Street in Sharpeville, making the route attractive for tourists. Museum, the bus would run from the R28 to

Site for the future Boipatong massacre memorial. The Mphatlalatsane Theatre in Sebokeng. Industrial areas would be interesting sites along a tour route. INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 14 TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

Map 2.9: Heritage route through the selected townships.

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2.5 TOWNSHIP DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT

The objectives of the proposed Township Development Strategy are summarized as follows:

1. Strengthening the connection between the four townships of Boipatong, Bophelong, Sebokeng and Evaton and the economic centers of Vereeniging and Vanderbijlpark through improving the existing local corridors of Moshoeshoe Street, Delfos 3 4 Boulevard and Adams Road; 2. Linking historic sites along the selected corridors to Vaal tourism destinations; 2 3. Bringing the Vaal River and the open space system 1 to the townships through wetland regeneration and the development of parks and recreational areas; 4. Developing strategic regional and local nodes for economic development.

Illustration 2.2: Concept diagram illustrating township development strategy.

INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 16 URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS

3 URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS

In line with the township development strategy, urban design frameworks for each township have been developed with attention to: • Improving circulation through and between the townships and main urban centers; • Addressing the treatment of large and small open spaces, including wetlands; BOPHELONG • Identifying key corridors and precincts; EVATON • Integrating historic sites and routes.

The scale of interventions in each township varies according to the township’s size and location. Boipatong and Bophelong are significantly smaller than Sebokeng and Evaton and require different approaches. While Sebokeng and Evaton differ considerably in terms of urban fabric because of their BOIPATONG history and development patterns, the two townships have been considered as one larger area in the SEBOKENG formulation of an urban design framework because of their proximity and existing connections.

INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 17 URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS

3.1 CIRCULATION

Maps 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 delineate a proposed street that can easily accommodate emergency hierarchy for each of the townships: vehicles; 3. Enhancing the environment for

• White represents regional routes; commercial/retail development. Some

• Red signifies the key corridors identified in local business owners have expressed that the regeneration strategy (Moshoeshoe the street conditions limit their business Street, Delfos Boulevard or Adams Road) growth. A smoothly functioning circulation that are often part of the township’s system is critical for economic growth; primary road network. 4. Improving vehicular flow into and out of

• Orange represents the paved primary road the townships and creating better

connections to Emfuleni’s primary network within each township. • Yellow signifies each township’s secondary economic centers. road network, including paved and unpaved roads. These streets were To complete well‐connected road networks in the selected as those providing the best four townships, some paved roads will need to be

connections to the orange primary resurfaced, other streets that are actually wide,

network, creating a coherent circulation well‐worn paths will need to be upgraded to formal

roads, and new road links will need to be system. Upgrading road networks in the selected townships constructed. The black arrows on maps 3.1, 3.2 has several purposes: and 3.3 indicate recommended locations for 1. Improving street access and safety for both building new road connections or improving drivers and pedestrians. As many township existing roads and paths. Boipatong, Bophelong

residents rely on taxis for transportation, and Sebokeng fall under the 20 Priority Townships upgraded and well‐connected streets will Programme launched by Gauteng Province and will also improve this mode of public transport; benefit from funding designated for road 2. Ensuring that all township households live improvements. within a reasonable distance of a street

INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 18 URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS

INTERVENTION EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 2

Paving and grading The primary and secondary networks should be paved and/or upgraded. It is not necessary to pave every street in each township to achieve a well‐ functioning network; grading, gravel and other surfaces can also be effective.

Infrastructure Stormwater systems in each township are often inadequate, leading to problems with drainage and flooding. In some cases stormwater drainage channels with makeshift channel crossing pose a safety hazard for pedestrians, particularly children.

Streetscaping Street lighting is essential to enhance safety and security. Other streetscaping elements such as trees, benches and litter bins contribute to cleanliness and a pleasant street environment and create a sense of place. The primary road network in each township should be prioritized for streetscape improvements, followed selected secondary streets. Pedestrian walkways Walking is the primary mode of transportation for most township residents to places of employment, retail centers and community services. Pedestrians are often forced to walk in the street due to a lack of sidewalks. Pedestrian walkways should be upgraded on all roads in the primary network and should be constructed or upgraded along all secondary streets. Table 3.1: Upgrading circulation networks in the townships. INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 19 URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS

Map 3.1: Boipatong street network and recommended new links.

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Map 3.2: Bophelong street network and recommended new links.

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Map 3.3: Sebokeng street network and recommended new links.

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3.2 OPEN SPACE

Boipatong, Bophelong, Sebokeng and Evaton have four types of open space that require different treatments and uses. TYPE EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 2 TREATMENT

EVATON BOIPATONG Most of the wetlands are heavily polluted Wetlands by industrial and household waste and The region’s riparian system extends must first be regenerated to reduce health into Boipatong, Sebokeng and Evaton risks. Park designs must integrate wetland creating large open areas of preservation and carefully site unbuildable land. recreational activities.

Large vacant parcels SEBOKENG BOPHELONG Some larger parcels should be designated Some of these parcels are crossed by as future infill sites to respond to housing power lines that limit development, backlogs and relocate informal while others are empty because there settlements if necessary. Strategically is no current use for the land. Most located large open spaces should be are not mowed or maintained. developed as parks.

EVATON BOPHELONG Small vacant parcels Several of these parcels in close proximity Small empty plots are scattered should be connected by pedestrian paths through the townships, particularly and developed as neighborhood parks and Bophelong and Sebokeng. playgrounds.

BOPHELONG Formal and informal sportsfields BOIPATONG Existing formal sportsfields are often Formal sports fields are often located dilapidated and should be given priority on school properties and are tend to for upgrading. New sportsfields should be be fenced. Township residents have developed on selected sites where created informal playing fields on informal fields are already heavily used. numerous vacant land parcels.

Table 3.2: Types of open space in the townships. INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 23 URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS

Guidelines In the survey conducted under this technical regularly mowed and maintained to address Sebokeng and Evaton represents a mixture of the assistance grant, residents of the four townships safety concerns, particularly on large vacant four types with wetlands in the northern section overwhelmingly expressed a need for additional parcels that pedestrians cross to reach other and smaller interspersed parcels in the southern recreational space in the form of landscaped parks, destinations. portion of Sebokeng (See Map 3.6). Evaton has playgrounds and sportsfields. The availability of already begun to use a section of its wetlands as a open land provides SDM and ELM with an Recommendations for each township park and recreation area, with tree‐lined paths and opportunity to improve residents’ quality of life and Open space patterns in each township differ a community golf course. These approaches could increase economic development potential through considerably. be applied in other townships. Parks and large and small open space interventions. playgrounds should also be developed on vacant Boipatong is dominated by one large wetland that parcels along Moshoeshoe Street. Several considerations should guide the placement creates a divide between the community’s two and development of parks: residential areas (See Map 3.4). This site can function as an effective wetland and be developed

1. Open space should be developed such that into an attractive park with careful planning and

each household in Boipatong, Bophelong, creative landscape designing. Regeneration of the Sebokeng and Evaton is within a ten minute wetland and closure of the nearby landfill should be walk (calculated at 800 meters) from a park or the first priority. recreation area, ensuring that parks, playgrounds and sports fields are evenly Bophelong has large vacant swaths that could be

distributed and are easily accessible. used for larger parks, particularly the land along the

2. As far as possible and keeping in mind the R57. Other large parcels should be used as infill walking distance guideline, parks should be sites to eventually provide homes to households located along township development corridors living in informal settlements on the outskirts of the and near other commercial and civic uses to township. Bophelong also has a series of smaller encourage additional investment, provide vacant parcels that could be connected by increased security and facilitate maintenance. pedestrian paths into a system of pocket parks, 3. Open space that is not developed into parks, each with a distinct program. (See Map 3.5). sports fields and playgrounds should be

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URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS

Map 3.4: Open space in Boipatong.

CEMETERY

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Map 3.5: Open space in Bophelong.

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Map 3.6: Open space in Sebokeng and Evaton.

**Given the time constraints of this project, this mapping of open space in Sebokeng and Evaton is representative, not exhaustive.

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3.3 CORRIDORS, PRECINCTS AND HISTORIC SITES

Development corridors following key transport developed as a heritage location, are also located Mphatlalatsane Theater and nearby ShopRite, the routes structure both the township development along the corridor. Transforming the overgrown informal market area at the corner of Moshoeshoe strategy and the urban design frameworks. Each wetland into a park and recreation area would add and Adams, Jada’s Square which has been township is connected to Moshoeshoe Street, another major community hub, while landscaping recommended for development as a heritage site, Delfos Boulevard or Adams Road, the main the entrances from Delfos Boulevard and Noble and the Residensia train station. Several of these corridors identified in the development strategy. In Street would anchor the corridor (Map 3.7). hubs would benefit from upgrades or new addition, the smaller townships of Boipatong and construction, some of which have already been Bophelong have internal development corridors The R57 runs the length of Bophelong’s east side planned. An informal market area has been that hold potential for economic growth. Existing and the intersections at Delfos Boulevard and Dube suggested for the open land in front of the hostels. activity hubs along each corridor should be Street could be developed into activity hubs. The As recommended in section 1, a large‐scale regional upgraded and new interventions along the routes R57/Dube Street intersection upgrades should be development near the Sebokeng Campus of the given priority. extended along Dube Street to the Mpumelelo Vaal University of Technology would be well‐placed Business Center at the corner of Dube and along this corridor (Map 3.9). Boipatong is bounded by Frikke Meyer Boulevard Mathews, and should continue along Mathews to (later changing to Moshoeshoe Street) on the west the existing civic hub at the center of the oldest and Delfos Boulevard to the south. Larger scale part of Bophelong. Delfos Boulevard, with vacant interventions have already been recommended for land along both sides, could be transformed into a the area near the intersection of Frikke Meyer and commercial avenue/greenway for the upper section Delfos, possibly including a new train station. of Bophelong, with a commercial/civic hub at the Boipatong’s main internal development corridor is R57/Delfos intersection (Map 3.8). Dr. Nkomo Street which changes to Lekoa Street as it crosses the wetland. Existing activity centers Sebokeng/Evaton’s main corridors anchor the along this corridor include a civic hub with a township development strategy – Moshoeshoe municipal clinic and post office and, farther up, a Street and Adams Road. Existing activity hubs along commercial plaza area with a taxi rank which will be these routes include the Sebokeng hospital area, the site of the Boipatong Massacre Monument. the Thabong Shopping Plaza and nearby taxi rank The Boipatong hostels, a historic site that could be across from the Sebokeng hostels, the

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Map 3.7: Boipatong development corridors and hubs.

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Map 3.8: Bophelong development corridors and hubs.

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Map 3.9: Sebokeng development corridors and hubs.

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4 PROJECT SELECTION

The urban design frameworks for each township project has been discussed with officials from 7. Possible partnerships. Each of the selected guided the Kv3 team in identifying 30 potential SDM and ELM. projects has strong potential to attract private projects to promote economic development, social 3. Community support. Meetings with sector partners. inclusion and environmental regeneration (See stakeholders and a survey of township Maps 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3). The projects were identified residents provided information on community The six priority projects selected are: after the team read numerous municipal needs that influenced the project selection. • Wetland regeneration and park development in documents, conducted site visits and a survey of 4. Economic, social and environmental impact. Boipatong; township residents, participated in workshops and Each project falls into at least two impact • Upgrade of commercial/civic hub in Bophelong; stakeholder meetings, and discussed township categories (e.g. economic and social, social and • Development of open space in Bophelong along development with SDM and ELM officials. environmental, etc.). Several projects are the R57; intended to benefit the region, while others are • Creation of a cultural precinct in Sebokeng; From this array of possible interventions, a small “quick impact” projects designed to affect one • Development of a transit node in Boipatong; number of priority projects were selected using the township. • Development of a regional node in Sebokeng. following criteria: 5. Other funding sources. The NDPG will not fund projects that are already financially supported These projects are recommended to SDM and ELM

1. The requirements of the Neighborhood by the public sector. Projects considered as priority developments. Of the six projects, Development Partnership Grant. The NDPG critical for township development, including the however, only three to four will be selected for will support projects in townships that improve establishment of the Boipatong massacre submission to the NDPG given the available funding the environment for economic development monument and initiatives covered by the envelope. The proposal to establish a transit node and private sector investment. Evaton Renewal Project, have not been in Boipatong is included because of its key role in 2. Municipal support. Several of the selected selected as they are receiving funding from the township development strategy and the strong sites had previously been highlighted by other government sources. need for improved public transportation Emfuleni Local Municipality in its IDP and other 6. Project distribution. Large and small priority alternatives in Boipatong and Bophelong, but the documents. These proposals were assessed for projects are equally distributed among project requires further exploration given the feasibility and adapted as necessary given Boipatong, Bophelong and Sebokeng. private ownership of the rail line and the high cost economic and social conditions. Each priority of establishing a train station in this location.

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Map 4.1: Projects identified within Boipatong’s urban design framework.

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Map 4.2: Projects identified within Bophelong’s urban design framework.

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Map 4.3: Projects identified within Sebokeng/Evaton’s urban design framework.

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Conceptual project plans have been developed for selected projects that are the most likely to receive funding either from the NDPG or from the private sector. At this stage the project plans are primarily schematic and will be further detailed upon approval from the NDPG.

4.1 WETLAND REGENERATION AND PARK DEVELOPMENT IN BOIPATONG

Description of it are uncovered at this point and garbage is industrial dumping upstream and improving visible. Reclaimers are active on the landfill, the sewerage system in Boipatong. Closing The two residential areas of Boipatong are collecting items that can be recycled or sold. and covering the landfill site as quickly as separated by a large wetland that extends from possible will also contribute to the Frikke Meyer Boulevard to Andres Potgeiter Despite its pollution, this wetland area has the management of pollution. The wetland Boulevard. The space is hardly used by residents potential to link the two residential sections of specialist assessing the site will be able to except to cross the grassy areas on makeshift paths Boipatong rather than dividing it, while providing advise on plantings and soil treatments to or to play a match on the unmaintained sportsfield. residents with beautiful parks, recreation activities, rehabilitate the site. Land within the The long grass represents a safety issue for social spaces and community facilities. Wetlands wetland boundaries will be preserved pedestrians as it provides hiding places for contribute to the overall water quality of the according to the specialist’s predators, and grass‐cutting and maintenance have Municipality, and any park development on this site recommendations. been requested by residents as priority must be designed considering wetland 2. Well‐maintained park space landscaped in interventions. sustainability. A wetland specialist is currently part with indigenous wetland grasses and assessing the site in Boipatong to delineate the trees. Wetland preservation and park The water in the stream running through the boundaries of the wetland and determine development can occur simultaneously on wetland is polluted by industrial and household floodlines. This information will be taken into this site once wetland boundaries have waste, and may also be contaminated by leaching account when preparing the project business plan. been delineated. It is critical to carefully from the nearby landfill. Across from the landfill is determine the siting of parks and a large pond that is currently overgrown by algae, Key components of the Boipatong Park and recreation activities. A trained landscape indicating considerable pollution that increases Recreation Area Plan include: architect specializing in the treatment of residents’ risk of exposure to waterborne diseases. wetlands should be retained to design the The pond has potential for recreational use, but its 1. Wetland regeneration. The first step in final park plan, using trees and grasses that location near the landfill is unattractive and poses regenerating the existing wetland is to curb contribute to regenerating the wetland health hazards. Although the landfill is slated to be pollution from industrial and household while creating a usable park for Boipatong’s fully covered and closed in the next two years, parts sources by enforcing restrictions on residents. Recreational activities and

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community facilities should be located provide such a screen to Boipatong should from the municipal clinic and post office. away from the most fragile areas. be explored. A natural (non‐constructed) Boipatong does not have a fire station or a 3. A system of pedestrian paths. Boipatong’s amphitheater would provide seating for community center, and siting the two residents have created paths through the viewing the TV screen. facilities in this central location will create a wetland by frequent use. A path system 6. Space for informal traders and food civic hub for the township. formalizing these routes would provide safe vendors near the amphitheater. The 9. A security station. To ensure safety, the passage across the wetland park as well as crowds attracted by a large screen for park and recreation area will need 24‐hour opportunities for recreational walking and community viewing of sporting events security patrols. biking. Paths over the wetland would need provide opportunities for vendors to sell 10. Playgrounds. Areas with playground to be carefully constructed. food and other goods. Formalized market equipment such as slides and swings will be 4. A community sports hub. The existing stalls or canopies would supply space for located in several areas of the park near sports field is poorly maintained but could these activities. other recreational activities such as the easily be renovated, while a new cricket 7. A public art project commemorating amphitheater and the sports fields. ground would provide residents with Boipatong’s history along Lekoa Street. 11. A community garden, hydroponics project recreational options. Neither field would The Boipatong Heritage Project funded by or orchard. A small community garden need to be regulation size. Informal Gautrain CSI will create a historic could contribute to meeting some food discussions with Boipatong residents monument and route at the existing square needs for Boipatong residents. Moreover, indicated that a swimming pool would be and taxi rank along Lekoa Street to the fruit trees grow abundantly given the appreciated by the community, with a toilet north of the wetland. The hostels to the climate, and a portion of the site could be and changing facility. These recreational south of the wetland along the same street set aside as an orchard. However, the uses would be located near Lekoa Street, also relate to Boipatong’s history and when selected land will need to be tested for the main road crossing the wetland. the hostels are renovated one block could contamination. Alternatively, the 5. A natural outdoor amphitheater with a be preserved and a plaza added as part of successful hydroponics initiative that is part large screen for community viewing of the township’s historic route. Adding a of the Evaton Renewal Project could be sporting events and children’s programs. commemorative public art project with a replicated in Boipatong in collaboration The non‐profit organization Township TV seating area along the street through the with Gauteng Province. has been successfully installing large screen wetland would link the two historic sites 12. A community golf course similar to the one TVs in parks in townships throughout South and connect the park to the heritage in Evaton. That course, despite needing Africa which projects sporting events and project. maintenance, is used and enjoyed by educational programs for township 8. A fire station and a new community center Evaton’s residents. A similar course in residents. A partnership arrangement to along Lekoa Street across Sekati Street

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Boipatong and would provide an alternative with the polluted stream and pond and the open This Department and Emfuleni Local Municipality recreational activity in the township. landfill. should collaborate on the final designs for the 13. An environmental center and park with Establishing a park and recreation area that project. The Sedibeng District Municipality walking trails and indigenous wetland connects the residential areas of Boipatong is part Department of Tourism has also been working with plants labeled and described. Nearby of an overall strategy to increase investment in the Boipatong residents in conjunction with the DPTRW schools will be able to use this facility for township. The location of recreational activities to establish the Boipatong massacre memorial and environmental education. along Boipatong’s main corridor will provide should be consulted regarding open space plans. incentives for complementary commercial activities Rationale to locate there, particularly considering the The concept plan for the Boipatong park was development associated with the Boipatong presented with the township development strategy The regeneration of the wetland and the Heritage Project farther along the corridor. The to Dr. Hein Weise of Emfuleni Local Municipality on development of a park and recreation area are park will increase the Boipatong’s tourism July 9, 2009 and to the Sedibeng District Municipal critical to improving Boipatong’s image, enhancing potential, an objective in line with municipal and Council on August 4, 2009. It was also presented to the environment for private investment, provincial goals for the township. Moreover, a group of community stakeholders on July 12, establishing a key development corridor within the Township TV provides businesses with advertising 2009. The plan was well‐received and supported at township and improving quality of life for residents. opportunities during its programming, and all three meetings. The Sedibeng Municipal Council informal traders will be able to take advantage of expressed a desire to move forward quickly with The project would provide considerable social the large crowds using the park to expand their this project so the park development will coincide benefits. First, the survey undertaken as part of businesses. with the construction of the Boipatong monument this project indicated a considerable desire among and massacre route. Dr. Weise noted that Mittal township residents first for parks with family Support for the project Steel Corporation has expressed willingness to activities and secondly for playgrounds to provide partially fund an open space project in Boipatong recreation opportunities for children and youth. Provincial and local authorities, community groups and could be a willing private sector partner. The proposed wetland park would meet both of and local residents have been considering ideas for these needs for Boipatong residents. Second, the the development of this open space for several The Township TV organization should be development of the park would alleviate the safety years. The Gauteng Province Department of Public approached to explore a potential partnership to concern when crossing large swaths of land covered Transport, Roads and Works (DPTRW), the install a screen in the Boipatong Park. As one of in tall grasses, currently providing ample cover for department that is undertaking the Boipatong Gauteng’s 20 Priority Townships, Boipatong might potential attackers. Third, the regeneration of the Heritage Project with money from Gautrain CSI, has be an ideal location for the next Township TV wetland would reduce the health risks associated expressed interest in regenerating the wetland. project.

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Boipatong’s main corridor, Lekoa Street, crossing the wetland. The small stream running through the wetland area.

Boipatong’s main sportsfield near the wetland. The pond at the eastern end of the wetland is has been polluted by industrial and household waste. INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 39 URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS

Map 4.4: Concept plan for Boipatong wetland park.

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Map 4.4: Detail of Boipatong Park Concept Plan.

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Illustration 4.1: Schematic visualization of Boipatong park along the Lekoa Street Corridor.

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4.2 UPGRADE OF CIVIC AND COMMERCIAL HUB IN BOPHELONG

Bophelong’s only civic hub and formal retail center shopping plaza of several thousand square meters, adequate well‐maintained space for small serves residents from wards 6, 7, and 23, including and space for light industry. They are also retail enterprises. The existing buildings households in the original part of the township intending to integrate parks and sports fields into around the plaza would be upgraded and established in 1955, in Bophelong’s large the development, and they have won the support expanded, and additional retail space extensions and in the community of Bonanne to the of the community for new projects. Given this added. south. The civic hub brings together a police center’s location along Dube Street, a key corridor 3. Using colorful, ornamental paving station, municipal clinic, library and community in Bophelong, and its proximity to the existing materials to surface part of the plaza area. center, and the retail plaza hosts several small civic/commercial hub along Mathews Street, the Color and high quality paving materials grocery stores, a café, and a taxi rank. Fully‐grown sites should be linked through streetscape create a sense of place and signify the trees provide shade and beauty to the unpaved improvements along Mathews Street and treated importance of the civic/commercial hub. plaza, but the commercial buildings are in disrepair as one larger mixed‐use area (See Map 4.5). 4. Creating a small shaded seating area. The and the taxi rank is informal and unstructured. plaza area currently has no seating Components of this upgrade would include: available and residents are using plastic Just 250 meters away at the corner of Mathews and 1. Formalizing the existing taxi rank. A chairs to rest and socialize. A planned Dube Streets is the relatively new Mpumelelo structure would be built to house the taxi seating area under the trees at the center Business Center. Developed by the African Dream rank in its existing location. Emfuleni of the plaza would give shoppers and Trust, an NGO charged with creating employment Municipal officials have indicated that the pedestrians more opportunities for social opportunities in marginalized communities, this taxi rank may be moved to the vacant land interaction. beautifully landscaped and maintained center the Business Center and that the 5. Establishing a market area in the plaza for provides local start‐ups and existing small community supports this move, but street vendors. Informal vendors already businesses with visually attractive retail spaces. relocating well‐used taxi ranks is not always use the plaza at times to sell their products. The center sits at the south end of a large piece of successful. Depending on the further Market stalls or canopies would be set up vacant land that is unused apart from informal expansion of the Business Center the taxi to provide a formalized area for these sports activities. The African Dream Trust is rank could be moved in the future. activities. planning further retail development in Bophelong 2. Upgrading and improving the facades of 6. Linking the retail areas by improving the on the vacant site, including the expansion of a the existing commercial buildings in hub streetscape. Mathews Street from the local grocery store as an anchor for a larger on Mathews Street. Bophelong lacks commercial/civic hub to the Mpumelelo

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Business hive would be improved with are able to purchase a variety of goods and services had been concentrated in the lower “original” part trees, benches, litter bins, lighting, sidewalk while also visiting the clinic, library or police of the township without addressing the needs of upgrades, signage and colorful banners, station. the residents living in the much larger extension designating the area as the central business areas that have developed over the years. This district. The strong appeal of this project is its quick impact concern has been addressed in the R57 Corridor and relatively low cost. The improvements to the project (See Section 4.3). Rationale plaza and streetscape could be swiftly completed, spurring the renovations to the retail buildings and Most Bophelong residents participating in the Upgrades to the civic/retail hub would improve its attracting new businesses. Improving the plaza area community survey undertaken as part of this commercial viability, potentially attracting a would provide a more appealing public space for technical assistance grant indicated that they do broader range of shops to a center that already social interaction and would entice additional not buy their most needed items within the serves the residents of three wards. In addition, customers. A rapidly‐completed project would township. Lower‐cost groceries were among the expansion of small‐scale retail space would support increase community support for larger initiatives most requested items and residents identified Pick the development of SMMEs, an objective that is requiring more time. and Pay and Shoprite as stores they would like to particularly important in Bophelong where see in their neighborhood. Given the current work residents have limited access to larger retail Support for the project of the African Dream Trust to expand a local establishments. Emfuleni’s Department of Local grocery store, however, a larger grocery chain Economic Development is committed to promoting The concept plan for improvements to the could supply unwanted competition and harm local SMMEs and is emphasizing their importance as Bophelong civic/retail hub was presented as part of businesses. The support and collaboration of the they formulate an LED strategy. the township development strategy to Dr. Hein African Dream Trust are therefore critical to the Weise of Emfuleni Local Municipality on July 9, future success of the project, particularly given the Both the business center and the civic/retail hub 2009 and to the Sedibeng District Municipal Council respect and trust they have gained from the would benefit from a strong street connection on August 4, 2009. It was also presented to a group community. along Mathews Street, particularly when the of community stakeholders on July 12, 2009. The business center expands to house more retail and plan was supported at all three meetings, although industrial space. Residents would begin to see the participants in the stakeholder meeting expressed two centers as one commercial district where they concern that interventions in Bophelong to date

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Plaza next to the Bophelong commercial center. Dilapidated commercial buildings. Informal taxi rank.

Police station adjacent to the plaza. Bophelong Community Center Mpumelelo Business Center along Dube Street

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Map 4.5: Conceptual development of Mpumelelo Business Center in relation to the civic/commercial hub along Mathews St.

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Map 4.6: Detail of concept plan for Bophelong civic/commercial hub.

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Illustration 4.2: Schematic visualization of upgrades to plaza in Bophelong civic/commercial hub.

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4.3 DEVELOPMENT OF OPEN SPACE IN BOPHELONG ALONG THE R57

Regional Route 57 (R57) forms part of the Golden investment in Bophelong, in Vanderbijlpark, and at key intersections and along streets, and Highway extending from the N1 Johannesburg along the Vaal River. public art projects can all contribute to highway and connecting to one of Vanderbijlpark’s creating a sense of place. While a major tourism areas on the Vaal River near Projects along this corridor should be concentrated pedestrian bridge is unnecessary given the Stonehaven and the Hotel Riverside. From the N1, on the site requiring the most investment: the large moderate width of the R57, traffic robots at the route passes through agricultural landholdings, vacant land parcel between the R57 and each major intersection, carefully placed establishes the eastern border of Bophelong Bophelong, bounded by the R553 to the north and speed bumps and well‐marked pedestrian township, crosses the R42 and runs along the Dube Street to the south (See Map 4.7). Two crosswalks are critical to ensure the safety western border of Vanderbijlpark before reaching strategic roads form intersections with the R57 of drivers along the route and pedestrians the Vaal. For international visitors and along this open space: Delfos Boulevard, one of the crossing the R57 to reach the nearby Johannesburg/ residents enjoying three key corridors highlighted in the township industrial zone. recreational activities near the River, the R57 is the development strategy (See Section 2); and Dube 2. Development of parks and sports fields. primary entrance into Emfuleni Local Municipality. Street, a key connection to Vanderbijlpark, the The large open spaces on this site provide location of the Mpumelelo Business Center and the opportunities to develop parks and sports Representatives from Emfuleni’s business sector, street forming the edge of the original section of fields that will not only provide Bophelong particularly those businesses concentrated near the Bophelong. These intersections provide with much needed recreational space but Vaal River, have expressed concern that neglected opportunities for the development of key will also create a visually appealing corridor sites along the R57 present a negative image of the commercial and civic uses. along the R57. Urban agriculture has been Municipality to tourists and potential investors and considered for this site but the land is likely are detrimental to business growth. It is not The R57/Bophelong site requires three types of extremely contaminated by industrial evident to visitors that they are entering the interventions: waste and unsuitable for gardening. Municipality, nor that the route leads to the Vaal. 1. Beautification and safety projects. As the 3. Development of commercial and civic Moreover, overgrown vacant land and illegal entrance to Bophelong, Vanderbijlpark and buildings. The positioning of large power dumping sites are visible from the road, and poorly Vaal River tourist attractions, the site must lines on the site limits the amount of maintained intersections contribute to the sense of convey an image of an area that is vibrant, construction that can occur given that a 30 neglect. Improvements to this corridor will well‐maintained and ready for new to 50 meter buffer is required on both sides significantly enhance the environment for investment. Tasteful signage, landscaping of the power lines. However, some space is

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available. The area with the most available Trust (See Section 4.2). Civic uses, including 4. Landscaping and entrance signage at the land for a retail/civic hub is the intersection fire and police stations and other municipal intersection of Dube Street and the R57. of Delfos Boulevard and the R57, situated services, would be concentrated at the This part of the R57/Bophelong initiative along a key corridor highlighted in the southern part of this intersection, providing should be linked in design and township development strategy. households in the Bophelong extensions implementation to the renovation of the with a small town center for economic, civic/commercial hub along Mathews It is recommended that the R57 development be social and civic purposes. Speedbumps, Street and the future development of the broken into four smaller projects to be completed well‐marked pedestrian crosswalks and a Mpumelelo center by the African Dream in phases: traffic robot would be installed at this Trust (See Section 4.2). The 1. Bophelong/Vanderbijlpark entrance. A intersection. Dube/Mathews/R57 link has strong large welcome sign/feature incorporating 3. Parks and sports fields between the Delfos potential as a commercial corridor, and creative landscaping, public art and flags and Dube intersections. The large park landscaping/streetscape improvements would be located after the intersection of would include a system of walking and should extend from the intersection along the R553 and the R57, surrounded by an biking trails building on existing pedestrian Dube to the Business Center. A small entrance park with pedestrian paths, trees paths, an outdoor amphitheater with a visitor’s information center would be set up and plantings and a children’s playground. large screen for watching sporting events; at the Center given its proximity to the R57 A design competition could be held to covered braai areas; fields for a variety of entrance to Emfuleni. select artwork for the entrance. sports, a water playground for children and 2. A civic/retail hub at the intersection of shaded areas for resting. Strategic tree Rationale: Delfos Boulevard and the R57. This key planting would create a buffer between the intersection is currently empty and park and the R57. Speedbumps and Development along the R57 would benefit business unlandscaped. A retail hub would be pedestrian crosswalks at selected locations interests and the Municipality as a whole by located at the northern part of this along the route would be added to ensure creating an inviting entrance to Emfuleni leading to junction, and a large plaza with colorful the safety of park users. A hydroponics the tourism activities along the Vaal. This project is canopies would host a mobile craft market project similar to the one underway in one of the five priority nodes identified in the that would be visible from the R57. The Evaton could be implemented along this township development strategy (See section 2). The commercial buildings would be designed to corridor as well, rather than siting a project’s individual components will also provide provide space for neighborhood‐level community garden on land that is likely social and economic opportunities to residents of businesses rather than larger chain stores contaminated. Bophelong. Ward 6, comprising most of to align with the work of the African Dream Bophelong’s extensions, has very few community

INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 50 URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS services or retail shops to serve its households. Support for the project The retail development at the Delfos intersection Most residents must walk to the Bophelong should be discussed with representatives of the civic/retail center for goods and services. Creating a Beautification of this large vacant land parcel along African Dream Trust to ensure that all parties are new civic/commercial precinct at the intersection the R57 has for several years been a priority project working productively together towards Bophelong’s of Delfos and the R57 will respond to these needs of Emfuleni Local Municipality. The LED development. while establishing a strategic hub along two key Department has been leading the project with the local corridors. Vaal River Business Focus Group, an organization with a vested interest in improving the entrance to Park space, playgrounds and sportsfields are also Emfuleni. Mittal Steel Corporation had originally lacking in Bophelong, as indicated by the survey committed R5 million to the beautification project conducted as part of this technical assistance grant. which included a welcome sign, intersection Most of the residents interviewed stated that the improvements and a pedestrian bridge, but the township requires more space for recreational company had eventually withdrawn the funds due activities, particularly sportsfields and playgrounds. to delays in the project progress. The Municipality The only formal sportsfield in Bophelong is located still feels that the project is a priority for Emfuleni’s at its southern end and is a long walk for those development. living in Bophelong’s extensions. Sportsfields along the R57 would better serve these households. A rough draft of the concept plan for projects along the R57 corridor was presented as part of the Beautifying the intersection at Dube Street and the township development strategy to Dr. Hein Weise R57 will serve several purposes, paving the way for of Emfuleni Local Municipality on July 9, 2009 and future development at this intersection as well as to the Sedibeng District Municipal Council on creating another point of interest as visitors move August 4, 2009. It was also presented to a group of into Vanderbijlpark. The intersection is also an community stakeholders on July 12, 2009. The draft entrance point for a new Dube Street commercial plan did not meet with any resistance at the corridor extending to the Mpumelelo Business meetings. The plan also responds to an issue raised Center and linking to the proposed upgrades of the at the stakeholder meeting regarding the lack of Mathews Street civic/commercial hub. investment in Bophelong’s extensions.

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Open space with power lines along the R57 near Bophelong. Entrance area at the corner of R553 and R57.

Panorama of the intersection of Delfos Boulevard and the R57.

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Map 4.7: Concept plan for development along the R57 corridor in Bophelong.

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Map 4.8: Detail of concept plan for the R57 corridor.

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Illustration 4.3: Existing condition of entrance to Bophelong/Vanderbijlpark along the R57.

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Illustration 4.4: Conceptual visualization of improvements to the entrance to Bophelong/Vanderbijlpark along the R57.

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Illustration 4.5: Conceptual 3D‐rendering of new civic/commercial hub at the corner of Delfos Boulevard and the R57 in Bophelong.

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4.4 CREATION OF A CULTURAL PRECINCT IN SEBOKENG

Mphatlalatsane Theater in Sebokeng is a well‐used Revitalizing this site to create a multi‐use arts and 14, a memorial in this precinct would be cultural center hosting events ranging from political cultural precinct would include the following visible to the broad range of visitors to the meetings to cultural performances to religious components: (See Map 4.7): Theatre area. The site would also be one of revivals. The hall also presents exhibitions and 1. An upgraded cultural square. The existing the stops on the proposed Emfuleni draws both local and regional visitors. The space plaza would be cleaned, the deteriorated Heritage Route (Section 2.4). The arts and immediately around the Theatre includes paving replaced and litter bins and culture center in the Eldorado building considerable parking as well as a brick plaza. Two additional benches provided. Large brick could house a permanent exhibit describing vacant buildings stand on either side of this plaza: planters would be added for greenery and and commemorating the rent boycott. the former Eldorado cinema, burned and in additional seating. Pathways would be 4. Expanded retail space. Vacant buildings in disrepair, and another structure in good condition better delineated through the plaza, and relatively good condition flank the plazas that is available for lease. canopies or stalls would be constructed for behind the existing Shop Rite. Several of informal traders and an open‐air craft these buildings would be renovated and The moderately‐sized Shop Rite opposite the market. A roof would be added to the expanded to provide space for Theatre contributes to a steady flow of pedestrians existing central platform to create an neighborhood‐level shops, restaurants and through the space. Behind the Shop Rite are two outdoor performance space. cafés to complement the activities in the conjoined brick plazas leading to a second retail 2. A new arts and culture center. The vacant cultural square. center. Although these plazas have deteriorated Eldorado Cinema building located near the 5. A moderately‐sized landscaped park with a significantly, they are beautifully designed and Theatre would be renovated to house a playground. The open space to the east of could be easily upgraded. The space is well‐ Sebokeng cultural center, hosting an the Shop Rite and the existing plazas is an populated even in winter; passers‐by relax and exhibition area, workshops for artists and appropriate size for a community park with socialize in the plazas and informal traders sell their crafters, space for crafters’ cooperatives, playground equipment for children. products. The nearby Saul Tsotetsi multi‐purpose and administrative offices. The renovation 6. Additional landscaping and colorful center and sports complex is popular and draws of the Eldorado building has already been signage around the theater and retail Sebokeng residents to the site for a variety of recommended in Emfuleni’s IDP. areas would improve the attractiveness of cultural events and sports activities. 3. A monument commemorating the 1984 the area and create a sense of place. Vaal uprisings and rent boycott. While the 7. A small community library. The vacant 1984 massacre did not take place in Zone building near the Shop Rite would be

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renovated as a library, providing a precinct an attractive stop for tourists along the and culture center and the establishment of a complementary community amenity in the proposed Emfuleni Heritage Route. Adding retail municipal clinic, have been included in the precinct. space for SMMEs and stalls/canopies for informal Municipality’s IDP. A discussion with a 8. A municipal clinic. Emfuleni’s IDP notes traders will create business opportunities and representative from the Sedibeng District Sebokeng’s zone 14 as one of three areas employment in a location that is already Municipality Department of Tourism indicated that slated to receive a new permanent clinic. frequented by Sebokeng residents. In particular, a cultural precinct with a renovated plaza and craft Locating the clinic on vacant land near the the renovation of the existing plazas behind the market would be beneficial to tourism cultural precinct would bring additional Shop Rite would be a relatively easy, high‐impact development in the Local and District residents to the site and allow families to project with that would instill community pride and Municipalities. The establishment of a craft market combine visiting the clinic with shopping catalyze other improvements. is already supported by the community and local and other activities. business people, and crafters in the area have 9. Housing. Vacant land to the west of the The social benefits of creating a cultural precinct organized themselves as a group to promote their theatre precinct could be used for infill are equally compelling. The plaza renovation and products. housing development. Increasing the park development will provide attractive public number of households near the precinct areas for social interaction, relaxation and play, would add to the area’s activity and while the arts and culture center will give local improve security. artists and crafters opportunities to expand their production. The historical monument will honor Rationale Sebokeng’s history, while the addition of a new municipal clinic and library will meet community The development of a cultural precinct will produce needs identified by ward committees and in economic benefits and enhance investment Emfuleni’s IDP. opportunities on a number of levels. The precinct’s central location with good links to Moshoeshoe Support for the project Street fits well into the township development strategy and the urban design framework for Emfuleni Local Municipality has already identified Sebokeng. Revitalizating the theatre area and the development of a cultural precinct in Zone 14 surrounding plazas, adding an arts and culture as a priority project to submit to the NDPG. Several center, creating a historical monument and smaller of the smaller interventions, including the providing space for a crafts market will make the redevelopment of the Eldorado building as an arts

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The Mphatlalatsane Theatre. The former Eldorado Cinema. Plaza behind the Shop Rite.

People socializing in the plaza. Walkway to second commercial center. Commercial center to the north of the site.

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Map 4.9: Concept plan for the Sebokeng Cultural Precinct.

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Illustration 4.6: 3‐D rendering of the Sebokeng cultural precinct plan.

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Illustration 4.7: Existing condition of plaza behind Shop Rite near the Mphatlalatsane Theatre.

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Illustration 4.8: Conceptual visualization of plaza renovations.

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Illustration 4.9: Rendering of conceptual plaza renovations.

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4.5 A TRANSIT HUB NEAR BOIPATONG

The possibility of developing a new passenger train station near Boipatong and Bophelong, two townships underserved by public transportation, should be explored. Rail lines serving Mittal Steel run near Boipatong and connect to the main passenger line from Vereenigning past Sebokeng to Johannesburg. There are several possible locations to site a train station along the Mittal line. The site circled in yellow on Map 4.8 was selected as the best location due to its proximity to Boipatong, the intersection of Delfos and Frikke Meyer, and the northern part of Vanderbijlpark.

Key components of the train station development would include: 1. An integrated train station/retail center with space for local entrepreneurs; 2. A plaza with canopies for informal traders; 3. A formal taxi rank; 4. A landscaped park; 5. A bus station with a security section.

An integrated transit/commercial hub could spur development farther down at the Frikke Meyer‐Delfos intersection, improving the Delfos corridor and creating stronger links between Boipatong and Vanderbijlpark. Map 4.10: Possible sites for a transit hub near Boipatong.

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Map 4.11: Concept plan for a transit hub near Boipatong.

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4.6 DEVELOPMENT OF A REGIONAL NODE IN SEBOKENG

One of the most strategic sites for township • The Residencia Secondary School (Renting of mixed regional uses and attractions that will development in Emfuleni is a large area located at land from Vaal University); serve residents of Emfuleni, Sedibeng, the entrance to Sebokeng. This site, bounded by • ESKOM Technical and Customer Services Johannesburg/Pretoria and international and the Cyferpan land holdings near the Golden (Owns their land); domestic tourists, including: Highway to the west, Moshoeshoe Street to the • The Vaal Training Center (Owns their land); east, the R28/R54 to the south and part of the rail • The Self‐Help Association for the Disabled • An iconic regional entertainment network to the north, is situated at the center of (SHAD) (Renting from Vaal University); center/indoor‐outdoor mall. This center the Municipality and the four townships (See Map • The Thabo Vuyo Training Centre (Renting would host a range of activities from 2.8). It is easily accessed from the N1 by R54, and is from Vaal University) movies and restaurants to indoor/outdoor well connected to Vanderbijlpark by Moshoeshoe • A dilapidated stadium with a tartan track shopping, providing the townships with Road and Vereeniging by the R28. Moreover, the (this stadium is on land once held by Mittal much‐needed retail venues and site is close to the Houtheuwel train station, serving but is currently being sold to another firm) employment opportunities. The area lacks a residents of Johannesburg, Sebokeng and cinema and this use would be an attraction Vereeniging, as well as a large taxi rank to the The parcels across Moshoeshoe Street from the site in itself. A large‐scale family entertainment north. house large scale uses including the historic venue such as an amusement park, water Sebokeng Hospital, the Houtkop Multi‐Government park or zoo could also be considered. The existing uses surrounding the site also Services Center with a police station and municipal • Housing. Emfuleni is facing a housing contribute to its development potential. Most of court, and a private hospital. Above the site is one backlog and would benefit from the the parcels are currently owned by the prominent of Sebokeng’s key shopping plazas, the Thabong development of lower‐income or mixed‐ Vaal University of Technology, and its Sebokeng Shopping Center, adjacent to the taxi rank. The income housing in the form of cost‐ Campus is constructed on the site near the R28. Sebokeng hostels are located across from Thabong effective apartment buildings rather than Other major uses in the immediate vicinity include: (See Map 4.12). single stand units. Vaal University has also • Sedibeng College, Sebokeng Campus indicated a considerable need for student (Renting land from Vaal University) Given the site’s excellent transportation access, housing and would be interested in giving • Sedibeng West District of Education and surrounding concentration of commercial and the management of their housing needs to Mittal Steel Science Center (Renting land institutional uses and large parcels of vacant land, it a private developer. from Vaal University); would best be used for a large‐scale development

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• Government services. Office space for new entrepreneurs to launch their industrial area will provide additional jobs. The businesses and government services would commercial ventures. Vaal University is site’s access and surrounding land uses make it an be combined with retail space in the moving its Business Management ideal location for a large mixed‐use development housing development, creating a small Programme to the Sebokeng Campus on with a regional commercial center. town center for residents. This area would the site, representatives from the complement the existing nearby University indicated significant interest in Equally importantly, implementing a development government services center. partnering to establish a business of this type will demonstrate ELM’s and SDM’s • Sports Center. An existing deteriorating incubator. A business park with space for commitment to improving Emfuleni’s townships stadium on the site would be revamped to start‐ups would complement this and providing community amenities to previously provide a space for regional matches. programme and provide opportunities to disadvantaged areas. Parks, sports fields, and Other sports fields, netball and tennis township residents and graduating government services will complement the courts, a swimming pool and changing students. commercial and housing components of the plan. facilities could be added to make the center • Parks. The design of the site is anchored by It is critical that the majority of the housing a sports hub. Vaal University a green spine extending from an existing constructed is affordable to lower‐income residents representatives expressed their need for wetland area through the housing despite its location near a regional attraction. such sports facilities and Sebokeng lacks development and entertainment formal sports fields. center/shopping area. Some portions of Moreover, both Emfuleni LM and Sedibeng DM are • Space for health and education‐related this spine would be forested while others seeking ways to provide tourists visiting the Vaal uses. The site’s proximity to several would be landscaped parks. River with alternative activities that encourage educational institutions, a hospital and a them to extend their stay. As discussed, a heritage private clinic offer an opportunity to Rationale route presents one option for a one‐ or two‐day develop a business or technology park tourism programme (See Section 2.4). An catering to companies and organizations The primary objective of this mixed‐use project is to entertainment and shopping complex offering focusing on health and education. promote large‐scale economic development. The family activities different from those along the Vaal • A business center with an incubator establishment of a regional attraction such as the is another alternative to increase the area’s tourism programme and space for growing proposed entertainment complex/outdoor mall will potential. businesses. Support for the development create considerable employment opportunities and of SMMEs is critical to local economic reduce economic leakage by offering a broader development in the townships, and a range of products at better prices to township business incubator programme would assist residents. The proposed business park and

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Support in attendance supported the idea of a regional reserved for independent local business owners to entertainment complex/outdoor mall, but one promote small business development. The concept plan for the Sebokeng Regional Node business manager expressed concern that such a was presented with the township development center could negatively affect his successful The regional node was also presented to and strategy to Dr. Hein Weise of Emfuleni Local shopping plaza. discussed with Mr. Chris P. Booysen, the Project Municipality on July 9, 2009 and to the Sedibeng Director at Vaal University of Technology, and Prof. District Municipal Council on August 4, 2009. Both Given that concern, the retail mix in the proposed Piet Swanepoel on July 13, 2009. They were ELM officials and SDM Council Members expressed entertainment complex must be carefully receptive to the idea of an entertainment complex, considerable interest in and support for the plan. considered to avoid competing with local a housing development that could include student Sedibeng and Emfuleni officials had previously businesses. As shopping will not be the only accommodations, a sports complex and space for a designated the site as a priority development area activity in the complex, stores offering items business incubator and training center. He to submit to the NDPG, and they agreed with the currently unavailable in the townships should be indicated that as the owners of most of the land on recommended development plan. The concept was considered, along with some up‐market boutiques the site, Vaal University would be interested in also presented to a group of community given the higher purchasing power of Sebokeng. In working with developers to accomplish the stakeholders on July 12, 2009. Almost all of those addition, some space in the complex should be components of the project.

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The road leading to Vaal University of Technology’s Sebokeng Campus. The existing stadium with a tartan track.

View of vacant land looking toward Vaal University. View of vacant land looking toward the power lines to the south of the site.

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Map 4.12: Existing uses on the proposed site for the Sebokeng regional node.

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Map 4.13: Concept plan for the Sebokeng regional node.

INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT 73 URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORKS Illustration 4.10: Rendering of concept plan for Sebokeng regional node showing housing and the regional entertainment complex.

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Illustration 4.11: Rendering of concept plan for Sebokeng regional node overlooking the housing development.

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5 ANNEX

LIST OF DOCUMENTS REVIEWED

• Emfuleni Local Municipality Draft IDP Review 2009/2010; • Emfuleni Local Municipality SDF 2007; • Sedibeng Growth and Development Strategy 2007; • Sedibeng District Municipality NDPG Pre‐Submission Consultation Report, 2008; • Emfuleni Local Municipality IDP Review 2007/2008; • Local Economic Development Strategy for the Tourism Sector of ELM by Vaal Research Group, 2009; • LED Situation Analysis of ELM by Intsiki Project Management 2009; • Emfuleni Local Municipality Proposal for the Beautification of the R57; • Sedibeng 2010 Strategy; • Vaal 21 Roadmap; • An Investigation into the State of Affairs and Sustainability of the Emfuleni Economy by TJC Slabbert, 2004; • Documents relating to the 2010 Precinct Development Projects in Vereeniging and Sharpeville; • Development Framework for the Establishment of the Evaton Cultural Heritage Route, Jaksa Barbir, 2009; • Evaton Cultural Heritage Route Market Research, Demacon, 2008; • Other documents relating to the Evaton Renewal Project.

LIST OF MEETINGS

Emfuleni Local Municipality

Dr. Hein Weise, Deputy Municipal Manager; Mr. Jerry Moledi, Acting Manager of Local Economic Development; Ms. Felicity Human, Manager of the Housing Department; Ms. Letitia Kalman, Manager of the Land Use Department; Mr. Johannes Matabane, Local Economic Development Department Ms. Mamokete Radebe, Local Economic Development Department

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First Stakeholder Meeting

Ms. Anna Khoali from Joint Women, an organization providing support and training to women‐run cooperatives; Ms. Puleng Makhale from Joint Women; A representative of Ms. Lydia Ikaneng from Ukhamba Properties in Johannesburg ; Mr. Ratladi Joel Monnakgotla, President, National African Federated Chamber of Commerce (NAFCOC), Sedibeng District; Ms. Tepsy Ntseoane from Eve’s Eden, a farming organization in Evaton; Ms. Colleen Rogers from Lifeline , a non‐profit organization offering services to victims of rape and domestic violence; A small business owner in Sebokeng;

Second Stakeholder Meeting

Mr. Elijah Moremi, Manager of Thabong Shopping Plaza; Mr. Motsoeneng, Evaton Plaza; Mr. George Sithole, Minister at a local church; Mr. Johnny Nije, Sharpeville Renewal Forum; Mr. Koos Piisetso Mafokeng, Evaton Plaza Mr. L.E. Thaele, Joint Women Cooperatives; Ms. Anna Khoali, Joint Women Cooperatives; Mr. P M. Ntsane, representing Emfuleni faith‐based organizations.

Individual Meetings

Mr. Elijah Moremi, Deputy Chairperson of the Evaton Development Forum, to discuss the Evaton Renewal Project and the progress of its various initiatives.

Mr. Chris Booysen and Professor Piet Swanepoel, Vaal University of Technology, Department of Resources and Planning. As a major landholder just outside of Sebokeng, the University is a major stakeholder in the development of projects in that area. They described the University’s future expansion priorities and expressed a keen interest in the township regeneration strategy and proposed projects.

Ms. Anina van Wyck, Vaal Teknorama Museum, operated by Sedibeng District Municipality. We discussed creating a heritage tour connecting sites in Boipatong, Sharpeville, Sebokeng and Evaton. Ms. van Wyck described current efforts to develop historical sites and mentioned tours that are already conducted focusing on the Vaal Teknorama Museum in Vereeniging and historic sites in Sharpeville.

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