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Quantum Mechanics, Cosmic Acceleration and CMB Radiation by U Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Physics and Space Science Volume 12 Issue 4 Version 1.0 June 2012 Type : Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN: 2249-4626 & Print ISSN: 0975-5896 Quantum Mechanics, Cosmic Acceleration and CMB Radiation By U. V. S. Seshavatharam & S. Lakshminarayana Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India Abstract - Based on the big bang concepts - in the expanding universe, rate of decrease in CMBR temperature is a measure of the cosmic rate of expansion. If universe is accelerating, CMBR temperature must decrease continuously. It is noticed that, Bohr radius of hydrogen atom, quanta of the angular momentum and the fine structure ratio - are connected with the large scale structure of the massive expanding universe. In the accelerating universe, as the space expands, in hydrogen atom, distance between proton and electron increases and is directly proportional to the size of the universe. ‘Rate of decrease in the laboratory fine structure ratio’ is a measure of cosmic rate of expansion. Considering the integral nature of number of protons (of any nucleus), integral nature of ℏ can be understood. Obtained value of the present Hubble constant is 70.75 Km/sec/Mpc. Instead of the Planck scale, initial conditions can be represented with the Coulomb scale. Finally it can be suggested that, if the primordial universe is a natural setting for the creation of black holes and other non-perturbative gravitational entities, throughout its journey, the whole universe is a primordial (growing and rotating) black hole. Keywords : Reduced Planck’s constant, Fine structure ratio, Bohr radius, Cosmic mass, Coloumb scale, CMB radiation, Cosmic acceleration, Light speed rotation and Primordial cosmic black hole.. GJSFR-A Classification : FOR Code: 020106, 020103, 020602 Quantum Mechanics, Cosmic Acceleration and CMB Radiation Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of : © 2012. U. V. S. Seshavatharam & S. Lakshminarayana. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Quantum Mechanics, Cosmic Acceleration and CMB Radiation U. V. S. Seshavatharamα & S. Lakshminarayanaσ Abstract - Based on the big bang concepts - in the expanding 2 M c universe, rate of decrease in CMBR temperature is a measure 0 ≅ of the cosmic rate of expansion. If universe is accelerating, me Gm pe m CMBR temperature must decrease continuously. It is noticed (2) that, Bohr radius of hydrogen atom, quanta of the angular Considering both the number of electrons and momentum and the fine structure ratio - are connected with positrons, it is noticed that, June 2012 the large scale structure of the massive expanding universe. In the accelerating universe, as the space expands, in hydrogen 11M 17 atom, distance between proton and electron increases and is ln ·20 ≅≅137.024 directly proportional to the size of the universe. ‘Rate of Nme α (3) I decrease in the laboratory fine structure ratio’ is a measure of on cosmic rate of expansion. Considering the integral nature of Where N is the Avogadro number and α is number of protons (of any nucleus), integral nature of can the fine structure ratio. V be understood. Obtained value of the present Hubble constant is 70.75 Km/sec/Mpc. Instead of the Planck scale, initial b) To understand the quanta of the angular momentum IV conditions can be represented with the Coulomb scale. Finally Giving a primary significance to the existence of ersi ue it can be suggested that, if the primordial universe is a natural mm,,G&c, and con sidering the Machian concept of ss setting for the creation of black holes and other non- ep the distance cosmic back ground [6] in the form of perturbative gravitational entities, throughout its journey, the XII I whole universe is a primordial (growing and rotating) black ‘distance cosmic mass’, can be considered as the compound physical constant [7,8,9]. hole. Keywords : Reduced Planck’s constant, Fine structure M Gm m ratio, Bohr radius, Cosmic mass, Coloumb scale, CMB ≅0 pe ≅×−34 · 1.0572 10 J.sec (4) ) radiation, Cosmic acceleration, Light speed rotation and mce Primordial cosmic black hole. ( From the atomic structure point of view also this I. The Reduced Planck’s Constant - a idea can be strengthened. If electron is revolving round arch Volume m se Strange Coincidence the nucleus, naturally p and me both are the characteristic physical inputs. By considering the origin arge dimensionless constants and compound of the Bohr radius of Hydrogen atom this proposal can physical constants reflects an intrinsic property of tier Re be given a chance. If so: in the expanding universe on nature [1,2]. Whether to consider them or discard L ‘quanta’ increases with increasing mass of the universe. them depends on the physical interpretations, Any how this is a very sensitive problem to human experiments and observations. The mystery can be thoughts and observations. Considering the ‘integral resolved only with further research, analysis and nature’ of number of protons, integral nature of n· can discussions. If m and m are the rest masses of e p be understood. Considering any two successive electron and proton respectively, it is noticed that, integers n and (n +1), their geometric state is l of Science Fr na c r ≅ 0.99753 (1) nn( +1·.) if this logic is true, it can be suggested that Gm M m ou pe0 is connected with the large scale structure of the 3 expanding universe. The laboratory fine structure ratio is Where M00≅ c2 GH and the best value +1.3 Global J [3,4,5] of H0 is 70.4−1.4 Km/sec/Mpc. Surprisingly this m e2 α ≅ e · (5) ratio is close to unity! How to interpret this ratio? M4πε Gm m 00pe a) Number o f electrons or positrons in the universe Number of electrons or positrons in the present It is the strength of electromagnetic interaction universe can be expressed as and is an intrinsi c property of nature. Cosmic acceleration and dark energy constitute one of the most Author α : Honorary faculty, I-SERVE, Alakapuri, Hyderabad-35, AP, important and challenging of current problems in India. E-mail : [email protected] Author : Dept. of Nuclear Physics, Andhra University, cosmology and other areas of physics [10]. If so ‘rate of σ Visakhapatnam-03, AP, India. E-mail : [email protected] increase in ‘ or ‘rate of decrease in α ‘ can also be © 2012 Global Journals Inc. (US) Quantum Mechanics, Cosmic Acceleration and CMB Radiation considered as a measure of the cosmic acceleration. density of the (closed) rotating and expanding universe. With reference to relation (4), magnitude of the Hubble’s Not only that, by considering the universe as a constant can be fitted as primordial growing and light speed rotating black hole, 3 (c2 GH0 ) can be obtained and the growing cosmic Gm2 m c pe (6) size can be minimized to (/cH0 ). H0 ≅≅70.75 Km/sec/Mpc 22 d) The Coulomb scale: alternative to the Planck Scale c) Bohr radius of the Hydrogen atom By any chance, if is a cosmic variable, then what about the validity of ‘Planck mass’ and ‘Planck In hydrogen atom, potential energy of electron in Bohr radius [7, 8] can be expressed as scale’? Answer is very simple. c can be replaced G e2 ec22 (7) 2 EP ≅− × e 44πε0Gmpp M 00πε Gm with . It can be called as the ‘Coulomb mass’. 4πε0G 24 June 2012 ec Thus, total energy of electron in Bohr radius is Its corresponding rest energy is . It can be 4πε G 2 22 0 18 e ec (8) called as the ‘Coulomb energy’. Planck energy can be ET ≅− × 48πε0Gmpp M 00πε Gm replaced with the ‘Coulomb energy’. I on Considering the integral nature of number of e2 M ≅ ≅×1.859211 10−9 Kg (13) protons (of any nucleus), above relation is C πε V 4 0G 2 22 IV e ec (9) ET ≅− × 24 2 ec 18 ue ersi ue 4·πε G nm M 8·πε G nm 0()pp 00() McC ≅ ≅×1.042941 10 GeV (14) ss 4πε0G 4 XII I where n = 1, 2, 3, .. Thus in a discrete form, Here e is the elementary charge and (cG /)is 2 22 the cla ssical limit of force. How to interpret this mass 1 e ec (10) ET ≅− × × unit? Is it a primordial massive charged particle? If 2 n2 48πε Gm M πε Gm 0pp 00 such oppositely charged particles annihilates, a large ) Hence ‘Bohr radius of hydrogen’ atom is amount of energy can be released. Considering so ( many such pairs annihilation hot big bang or inflation 2 can be understood. This may be the root cause of 44πε00GmppM Gm 1 πε0Gm p c a ≅≅··(11) cosmic energy reservoir. Such pairs may be the chief arch Volume 0 222 2H se ec e 0 constituents of black holes. In certain time interval with a well defined quantum rules they annihilate and release a This is a very simple and natural fit. The real large amount of energy in the form of γ photons. In the tier Re beauty of the Mach’s principle can be seen here. expanding universe, with its pair annihilation, origin of on c the CMBR can be understood. aM∝∝ (12) It is widely accepted that charged leptons, 00H 0 quarks, and baryons all these comes under matter or mass carriers and photons and mesons comes under In this way, independent of the telescopic force carriers.
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