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Spiritual Formation Towards Christ Likeness in a Holiness Context

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Spiritual Formation Towards Christ Likeness in a Holiness Context 3377 Bayview Avenue TEL: Toronto, ON 416.226.6620 M2M 3S4 www.tyndale.ca UNIVERSITY Note: This Work has been made available by the authority of the copyright owner solely for the purpose of private study and research and may not be copied or reproduced except as permitted by the copyright laws of Canada without the written authority from the copyright owner. Bond, Linda Christene Diane. "Through the Lens of Grace: Spiritual Formation Towards Christlikeness in a Holiness Context." D. Min., Tyndale University College & Seminary, 2017. Tyndale University College and Seminary Through the Lens of Grace: Spiritual Formation towards Christlikeness in a Holiness Context A Research Portfolio Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Ministry Tyndale Seminary by Linda Christene Diane Bond Toronto, Canada July 3, 2017 Copyright © 2017 by Linda Bond All rights reserved ABSTRACT To see life through the lens of grace is to gain a new perspective of how God shapes his children in the image of his Son. Spiritual formation is a process, a journey with God’s people, which calls for faith and participation, but all is of grace. This portfolio testifies to spiritual formation being God’s work. Though our involvement in spiritual disciplines and the nurturing of the Christian community are indispensable, they too are means of grace. The journey of spiritual formation for the individual Christian within the community of faith is explained in the writings of A.W. Tozer as well as the Model of Spiritual Formation in The Salvation Army. The goal is Christlikeness, a goal which requires adversity and suffering to deepen our faith and further our witness. Interviews with eight Salvationists on adversity and suffering in their lives underscore the themes of grace and faith. My spiritual autobiography is a personal witness that faith is enriched through God’s means of grace, most certainly through life’s challenges. To be like Jesus is the ultimate goal, the divine purpose for which we were created and the means by which we serve. I have used the New International Version for the Scripture quotations unless otherwise stated. The glossary of terms will be helpful in understanding Salvation Army terminology. Other than italics used for through the lens of grace, all others are from the books referenced. Where hymns or songs are quoted, the acronym SASB stands for Salvation Army Song Book. In citing Salvation Army vi books, or particular references in the tables, SA will be used though the legal name is The Salvation Army. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Figures . xi Glossary . xii PREFACE .1 PART I A.W. TOZER: A TEACHER AND EXEMPLAR OF HOLINESS AND GRACE Introduction .13 Chapter 1: The Pursuit of God .16 Chapter 2: The Purified Life ..22 Chapter 3: The Prophetic Witness ..28 PART II A MODEL OF SPIRITUAL FORMATION IN THE SALVATION ARMY CONTEXT Introduction .37 Chapter 4: Explanation ..40 Theological Roots ..40 Historical Context ..42 Biblical Verification. ..44 Definition of Spiritual Formation .49 Chapter 5: Enlistment .51 What It Involves. ..52 A Personal Relationship ..52 Preparation Classes . ...57 Enrolment. ..60 What Is Needed ..62 Chapter 6: Enculturation ..64 What It Involves. ..65 Salvation Army Meetings ..66 Slogans, Mottos, Symbols. ..69 Spiritual Disciplines. ..70 What Is Needed. ..75 Chapter 7: Encounter ..77 What It Involves. ..80 A Battle Within ..80 A Work of Grace. ..84 What Is Needed. ..88 viii Chapter 8: Esprit de Corps .92 What It Involves .94 The Local Corps ..95 Internationalism ..96 Ecumenism. ..98 What Is Needed. .101 Chapter 9: Engagement. .103 What It Involves. .104 Fighting Through Social Services .104 Fighting for Social Justice ..106 Fighting for Souls ..108 What Is Needed .111 PART III ACTION RESEARCH PROJECT: ADVERSITY AND SUFFERING IN THE LIFE OF A CHRISTIAN Introduction .118 Chapter 10: Context .120 Background . .121 Scripture and Theology 123 History and Literature .124 Research Resources .127 Chapter 11: Metholology and Methods ..129 Field .129 Scope .130 Methodology ..131 Ethics in Ministry Based Research ..137 Chapter 12: Discoveries and Meaning ..139 Conversion Findings . ..139 Conversion Interpretation ..142 Crises Findings. ...147 Crisis Interpretation ...155 Continuance Findings . ..159 Continuance Interpretation. ...165 Chapter 13: Outcomes. ..169 Chapter 14: Conclusion. ..177 PART IV SPIRITUAL AUTOBIOGRAPHY: THROUGH THE LENS OF GRACE Introduction. .185 Chapter 15: Defining Background . .186 Home Life .186 ix Salvation Army Corps Life . .193 Chapter 16: Definite Calling .199 Discovering God’s Will .199 Corps Officership .202 Other Appointments. 204 Chapter 17: Deep Hunger .212 Desire to Know Him .212 Prayer .215 The Word .218 Corporate Worship .221 Chapter 18: Different Leadership .225 Spiritual Authority .225 Practical Leadership .229 Reminders ..233 Chapter 19: Delightful Ministry ..237 A Different Appointment . ..237 Australia Eastern Territory ..239 Ministry as General ..241 Chapter 20: Dedicated Retirement ..249 Ministry in Retirement ..249 The Word and Prayer . ..250 Visitation. ..250 Mentoring ..252 Study ..253 AFTERWORD. ..258 APPENDICES Appendix A: Crest and Flag ..263 Appendix B: Letter to Participants .264 Appendix C: Consent Form ..265 Appendix D: Interview Questions . ..268 REFERENCE LIST ..269 x TABLE OF FIGURES Table 1a: Phases and Timetable - Pre-Study .. 136 Table 1b: Phases and Timetable - Collection and Transcribing. 136 Table 1c: Phases and Timetable - Analysis and Interpretation .. .. 137 Table 2: Findings - Specific Details (Literal Reading) . ... 140 Table 3: Conversion & Aids to Growth - Findings (Literal).. .. 141 Table 4: Crisis, Faith, and Support - Findings (Literal Reading). ... 148 Table 5: Continuing - Findings (Literal Reading).. 160 xi GLOSSARY These terms have been adapted from Salvation Army Year Books. Most reflect our quasi-military structure. Adherent Member: A person who regards The Salvation Army as his/her spiritual home but has not made a commitment to ‘soldiership’. ‘Blood & Fire’: The Army’s motto, referring to the sacrificial blood of Jesus Christ and the purifying, illuminating fire of the Holy Spirit. Command: A smaller type of Salvation Army territory directed by a designated ‘Officer Commanding’. Commissioner: The highest rank of a Salvation Army officer except General. It is conferred by the General. Congress: Central gatherings often held annually and attended by most officers and many soldiers in a territory or division. Corps: (French word pronounced ‘core’). A Salvation Army unit established for the preaching of the gospel, worship, teaching and fellowship, and to provide Christian-motivated service in the community. Dedication Service: A public presentation of infants to God. It differs from christening or infant baptism in that the main emphasis is upon specific vows made by the parents concerning the child’s upbringing. Division: A geographical grouping of Army units. Territories are divided into divisions, each of which has a number of corps and social centers which are mostly run by officers. General: The General is the officer elected by the High Council to the supreme command of The Salvation Army throughout the world, and is based at International Headquarters in London. All appointments are made, and regulations issued, under the General’s authority. High Council: The High Council convenes in the United Kingdom to elect the next General in accordance with The Salvation Army Act 1980. The High Council comprises all commissioners on active service except the spouse of the General, and all territorial commanders and territorial presidents of women’s ministry. International Headquarters (IHQ): The General directs Salvation Army operations throughout the world through the administrative departments of xii International Headquarters in London, which are headed by International Secretaries. Junior Soldier: A boy or girl who, having come to faith in Christ, has signed the junior soldier’s promise and become a Salvationist. Local Officer: A soldier appointed to a position of responsibility and authority in the corps, who carries out the duties of the appointment without leaving regular employment or receiving remuneration from The Salvation Army. Mercy Seat: (penitent form, holiness table): A bench or table provided in the meeting hall as a place where people can kneel to pray, seeking salvation or sanctification, or making a special consecration of their life to God’s will and service. Usually situated in front of the platform, it also serves as a focal point to remind of God’s reconciling and redeeming presence. Officer: A Salvationist who has been trained, commissioned and ordained to service and leadership, in response to God’s call. An officer is a recognized minister of religion. Pastoral Care Councils: Established in each corps for the care of soldiers, etc. and the maintenance of membership rolls. Promotion to Glory: The Army’s description of the death of Salvationists, with ‘glory’ symbolizing the life after death in God’s presence. Ranks: Salvation Army officers have different ranks: lieutenant, captain, major, lt.-colonel, colonel, or commissioner. Red Shield: A symbol saying ‘The Salvation Army’ in the local language, identifying personnel, buildings, equipment, mobile units and emergency services. Self-Denial Appeal: An annual effort by Salvationists and friends to raise funds for the Army’s worldwide operations. Senior Soldier: A converted person at least fourteen years of age who has, with the approval
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