Geometric Instruments for the Orientation and Measurement: the Astrolabes
Advances in Historical Studies, 2019, 8, 58-78 http://www.scirp.org/journal/ahs ISSN Online: 2327-0446 ISSN Print: 2327-0438 Geometric Instruments for the Orientation and Measurement: The Astrolabes Barbara Aterini University of Florence, Florence, Italy How to cite this paper: Aterini, B. (2019). Abstract Geometric Instruments for the Orientation and Measurement: The Astrolabes. Ad- The astrolabe, stereographic projection of the celestial sphere on the plane of vances in Historical Studies, 8, 58-78. the equator, simulates the apparent rotation of this sphere around the Earth, https://doi.org/10.4236/ahs.2019.81004 with respect to a certain latitude, and allows to establish the relative position Received: February 2, 2019 of the stars at a given moment. To understand its meaning and use it is ne- Accepted: March 16, 2019 cessary to recall out the main elements of astronomical geography. From the Published: March 19, 2019 III century BC onwards, various types of astrolabe were built. Among the tools used in the course of the centuries for orientation and measurement, it Copyright © 2019 by author(s) and is the one that perfectly performed both functions, providing measurements Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative related to different fields of investigation: astronomy, chronometry, orienta- Commons Attribution International tion, measurements (length-height-depth), astrology. License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Keywords Open Access Astrolabe, Stereographic Projection, Measuring Instruments, Astronomy 1. Introduction The tools used in the course of the centuries for orientation and measurement are varied, but what fulfilled both functions in a precise manner is certainly the astrolabe.
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