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Disaster Management and Emergency Communication in Sri Lanka Use of Telecommunication and ICT

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Disaster Management and Emergency Communication in Sri Lanka Use of Telecommunication and ICT Disaster Management and Emergency Communication in Sri Lanka Use of Telecommunication and ICT by Major General Gamini Hettiarachchi (Retd) Director General Disaster Management Centre Presentation Outline . Institutional Arrangements. Early Warning and Dissemination . Use of ICT in Disaster Management – Sri Lanka Institutional Arrangements Sri Lanka Disaster Management Act; No.13 of 2005 Provides for a Framework for Disaster Risk Management (DRM) in Sri Lanka Addresses Disaster Management (DM) holistically, leading to a policy shift from response based mechanisms to a proactive approach Measures have been taken to amend the act to address the DRM concerns after 05 years of implementation National Council For Disaster Management Ministers in charge of National Council for Disaster Ministers in charge of Social Services Management Police Rehabilitation & Finance Reconstruction Chair Person : H.E. President Vice Chairman: Hon. Prime Minister Land Home Affairs Leader of Opposition Fisheries & Aquatic Health Nine Provincial Chief Ministers Resources Five MPs from Opposition Science & Technology Foreign Affairs Water Supply Housing Ministry of Disaster Management Highways Coast Conservation Urban Development Irrigation Power Education Defence DMC Environment Disaster Risk Management Mechanism at Sub-national Level District Secretary Disaster Prov. Level Disaster District Disaster Management Management Committee Management Committee Centre Emergency Op. Rooms Local Authority Committees Govt. Departments District Military & Police Assistant Directors Div. Level Committees Private Sector GN Committees NGOs/ Civil Village Societies volunteer Business Committees Communities Early Warning, Medical / Health, Search & Rescue, Camp Management & Security Committees Disaster Management Coordination Framework . National Disaster Management Coordinating Committee . District Disaster Management Committees . Divisional Disaster Management Committees . GN level Community Disaster Management Committees . Sub Committees at GN Level SUB COMMITTEES AT GN LEVEL . Early Warning, . Medical / Health . Search & Rescue . Camp Management . Village Security Early Warning and Dissemination Multi Hazard Early Warning System Warning Given by Technical Agencies DMC & Other Relevant Agencies Vulnerable Communities 24 x 7 National Emergency Operations Centre Tsunami Warning System Indian Ocean Tsunami of 26-12-2004 Numbers dead – 30, 959 09:00 (3-5 m) Numbers missing – 5, 644 Numbers displaced – 500, 669 08:50 (5-8 m) 08:40 (6-10 m) (2 m) 09:30 08:30 (7-12 m) (4-5 m) 09:20 08:50 (7-9 m) Note: Earthquake (4-9 m) 09:15 09:00 (7-9 m) occurred at 06:58 am Time of arrival of first wave and estimated max. wave height Tsunami Warning System . Meteorology Department is connected to the following: . Pacific Tsunami Warning Centre, Hawaii . Japanese Meteorological Agency . Other service providers . Bulletins from PTWC & JMA are given by GTS,FAX and E-MAIL Colombo Mannar Station Trincomalee Colombo Station measures sea level every 01 minute and transfers data every 15 minutes via Japanese Meteorological Satellite (JMA) and MeteoSat. The Colombo station consists of 2 pressure sensors, 1 radar sensor and 2 floating gauges. Trincomalee and Kirinda Stations measures sea levels every 01 minute and transfers data every 15 minutes via MeteoSat. Both stations are equipped with pressure and radar sensors. Real time data are also in GTS. Instruments donated by BSH, Germany. Kirinda Receiving Technical Information from Various Countries Local Agencies PTWC USGS DOM GDACS INCOIS DISASTER MANAGEMENT CENTER GSMB INDONESIAN EOC MET NARA RIMES AUS-MET JMA PTWS Message PTWC RANET SMS – PTWC Tsunami :- BULLETIN ISSUE – 2345 Z 31 JUL 2011 – ORG – 23312 31 Jul 2011- MAG 6.8 – Loc NEAR N COAST OF NEW GUINEA PNG www.gdasc.org-JRC Message Green Earth quick alert (6.1 m, depth 19.4 Km) in Vannatu 31/7 14.34 UTC POP 100 Km 0 www.gdasc.org-TRC Multi-Hazard Early Warning Dissemination System Receiving Early Warnings PTWC USGS GDACS INCOIS INDONESIAN MET AUS-MET RIMES GSMB Government NARA Agencies, Critical Agencies & Stakeholders DOM Police Radio Media & General Comm Public Multi-Hazards Early Out Puts SLT/ Dialog, Dissemination Warning Dissemination Unit Military SMS of Warning of the DMC Regional & Fax International Internet Organizations Satellite UN System, INGOs, com NGOs 24 Emergency Operation Center Cell Broad. Provincial Councils Police Com District Secretariats District Disaster Management Committees Military Divisional Divisional Disaster Management Committees Com Secretariats Warning Local Authorities Towers Village level DM Committees Police Stations DEWN Hospitals Media Government Dpt. NGOs, CBOs Speaker Sys. Bells / Sirens Messengers Riders / Cyclers Methods of Dissemination . National Level . TV Stations Early Warning Unit . Radio Station 24 x 7 Emergency Operations Centre . Early Warning Towers . Police & Military Communication . Cell Broadcast/ SMS . Technical Devices . Satellite & Radio Communication (HF & VHF) . Telephones / CDMA/ GSM . Provincial / District Level . Radio Communication Emergency Operations Centre . Telephones / CDMA/ GSM Disaster management Coordinators . Police & Military Communication . AGA Division / Village Level . Telephones / CDMA/ GSM Early Warning Sub Committees/Teams . Police Vehicles – Announcements NGOs and CBOs . PA Systems . Sirens . Temple and church bells . Riders/ Push Bicycle & Motor Cycles/Messengers Breaking News through Media • Media plays a prominent role in Sri Lanka covering the entire island through Television and FM Radio more than 50 channels. RADIO CHANNELS Early warning through Media. • SLBC • LAKHADA FM • SIRASA FM TV CHANNELS • DERANA FM • ITN • SRI FM • RUPAVAHINI • SIYATHA FM • SIRASA TV • KIRULA FM • DERANA TV • LAK FM • SHAKTHI TV • RANGIRI DAMBULU FM • SWARNAVAHINI • SIYATHA TV NEWS ALERTS NEWS WEB SITES • JNW NEWS ALERTS SATTELITE TV • DERANA ALERTS • LIVE @ 8 ALERTS PEO TV NEWS BAR Telephone (fixed and mobile): • Telephones plays an important role in warning communities about the impending danger of a disaster. • There were many examples of how simple phone warnings saved many lives in South Asian countries during the 2004 tsunami. • However there is a limitation on use of fixed and mobile communication due to congestion of the network system. Customized Mobile Service Network National Emergency Operation Center Telephones- IP Phones/CDMA/Conference SYSTEMS JICA 74 Early Warning towers Repeater Stations EW Towers Early Warning Towers HF /VHF Equipments HF/VHF covering All 25 Districts in Sri Lanka Colombo Anuradhapura Kalutara Polonnaruwa Galle Matale Matara Kurunegala Hambantota Kandy Ampara Kegalle Batticaloa Nuwara Eliya Trincomalee Badulla Mulathive Monaragala Jaffna Rathnapura Kilinochchi Mannar Puttlam DMC Gampaha Vavuniya Disaster Management Center provided VHF hand held's to 10 Media Agencies to communicate with DMC Satellite communication covering 25 Districts Hand Held Desk Top Thuraya Satellite phones Short Message Service (SMS) • Operators could communicate with each other via SMS more easily. • SMS also has another advantage over voice calls in that one message can be sent to a group simultaneously. Cell Broadcasting: • cell broadcasting facility is available in all cellular phones. • A public warning message in text can be sent to the screens of mobiles devices. Disaster Early Warning Network (DEWN) DEWN SERVER CB SMS SMS (5000 CELL SELECTED DEWN BROADCAST KEY (9,000,000 CONTACTS) SYSTEM PEOPLE) 34 Deliver Messages through Internet, Email System to various Stakeholders • Internet and email is used to disseminate information and early warning messages public. e-mail Disaster Management Centre Web Site Mega Phone & Public Addressing Systems Electric and Manual Sirens Traditional Methods Community level Last-mile dissemination Electronic Messengers/Runners media Motor cyclists/Cyclists /Three Wheelers DEWN Sirens/Bells RADIO Speaker systems in villages Telephone/Mobiles E-Communication Police vehicles with speakers Warning Hand held VHF set Towers Telephones Mobile/SMS “Last Mile ” Dissemination Government Community Communication Tools Tsunami Warning DEWN Multi hazard Temple Bell Flood Warning DMC EW tower District Division Loudspeaker car SMS Police Military Evacuation Instruction Media Handy speaker In cooperation with Loudspeaker TV & Radio CBDM Use of Defense Services and Police during the Early Warning Dissemination Early warning SF HQ (JFN) Dissemination SF HQ (MLT) JOH SF HQ (KLN) ARMY HQ NAVY HQ AIR FORCE HQ SF HQ (VAN) SFHQs All Commands All Air Bases Divisions Naval Bases SF HQ (EST) Brigades Units AHQ DMC SF HQ (S) Companies Platoons Dissemination Mechanism of Military Early Warning & Evacuation System DMC JOH AIR ARMY NAVY FORCE DMC Vulnerable Community Warning given to the vulnerable community through coastal Military locations Search and Rescue Teams from Defense Services Army Search & Rescue Teams Naval 4 RS Teams Colombo 1 x Coy Western Command 15 x Teams Kalutara 1 x Coy Sothern Command 15 x Teams Galle 1 x Coy Eastern Command 20 x Teams Matara 1 x Coy Northern Command 10 x Teams Hambantota 1 x Coy North Central Command 20 x teams Ampara 1 x Coy North Western Command 08 x Teams Batticaloa 1 x Coy Trincomalee 1 x Coy Mulathive 1 x Coy Jaffna 1 x Coy Kilinochchi 1 x Coy Mannar 1 x Coy Puttlam 1 x Coy Gampaha 1 x Coy All Search and Rescue Teams are Vavuniya 1 x Coy equipped with HF / VHF and Mobile Phones Anuradhapura 1 x Coy Polonnaruwa 1 x Coy Matale 1 x Coy Kurunegala 1 x Coy Kandy 1 x Coy
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