Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 1989 Every man crying out : Elizabethan anti-Catholic pamphlets and the birth of English anti-Papism Carol Ellen Wheeler Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the European History Commons, and the History of Religion Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Wheeler, Carol Ellen, "Every man crying out : Elizabethan anti-Catholic pamphlets and the birth of English anti-Papism" (1989). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 3959. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.5845 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible:
[email protected]. AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS of Carol Ellen Wheeler for the Master of Arts in History presented November 2, 1989. Title: Every Man Crying Out: Elizabethan Anti-Catholic .Pamphlets and the Birth of English Anti-Papism. APPROVED BY MEMBERS OF THE THESIS COMMITTEE: Ann Weikel, Chair Nathan Cogan To the Englishmen of the sixteenth century the structure of the universe seemed clear and logical. God had created and ordered it in such a way that everyone and everything had a specific, permanent place which carried with it appropriate duties and responsibilities. Primary among these requirements was obedience to one's betters, up the Chain of Being, to God. Unity demanded uniformity; obedience held the 2 universe together. Within this context, the excommunication of Elizabeth Tudor in 1570 both redefined and intensified the strain between the crown and the various religious groups in the realm.