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82 to 95 by 49 to 60 JANUARY, 1965] 63 Academician K. I. Skrjabin. [Helminths of TdMBALUK, A. K., AND B. A. L.EONOV. 1963. man, animals and plants, and their control.] [Two new species of trematodes from diving (In Russian.) ducks of Kamchatka.] (In Russian.) Trudy STUNKARD, H. W. 1962. New intermediate host Gelmintol. Lab. Akad. Nauk SSSR 13: 216- for Parvatrema borealis Stunkarcl and Uzmann, 219. 1958 (Trematoda). J. Parasitol. 48: 157. ZELIKMAN, E. A. 1953. [On the life cycle of a , AND J. R. UZMANN. 1958. Studies on bird trematode, Gymnophallus affinis Jameson digenetic trematodes of the genera Gymno- and Nicoll, 1913.] (In Russian.) Doklad. phallus and Parvatrema. Biol. Bull. 115: 276- Akad. Nauk SSSR 91: 989-992. 302. YAMAGUTI, S. 1939. Studies on the helminth SZIDAT, L. 1962. tiber eine Ungewohnlicke Form fauna of Japan. Part 25. Trematodes of Parthenogenetischer Vermehrung bei Meta- birds. IV. Jap. J. Zool. 8: 129-210. eercarien einer Gymnophallus-Art aus Mytilus . 1958. Systema helminthum. Vol. I. platensis, Gymnophallus australis n. sp. des The digenetic trematodes of vertebrates. In- Sudatlantik. Z. f. Parasit. 22: 196-213. terscience Publ., N. Y. and London. Digenetic Trematodes of Fishes from North Borneo (Malaysia)1 JACOB H. FISCHTHAL AND ROBERT E. KuNTZ2 The trematodes of this report were part of eaux, 1947; Arthurloossia loossi Nagaty, 1954; a collection of parasites made by the junior H. loossi (Nagaty, 1954) Yamaguti, 1958. author while a member of the U. S. Naval HOSTS: Siganus oramin, S. giittatus (Sigan- Medical Research Unit No. 2, Taipei, Taiwan. idae); Caesio erythrogaster (Lutjanidae). Parasites were washed in saline, killed in hot HABITATS: Stomach and small intestine. water, and transferred immediately to FAA LOCALITY: Jesselton, North Borneo. fixative. After 4-8 hours they were stored in DATES: 29 August 1960 (C. erythrogaster); 70% alcohol plus 2% glycerine. Staining was 30 September 1960 (Siganus spp.). variable, and all were mounted in balsam. SPECIMENS: U.S.N.M. Helm. Coll. No. 60067 Measurements are in microns. (three slides with one specimen each from S. oramin); No. 60068 (three slides with one FAMILY ANGIODICTYIDAE specimen each from S. giittatus); No. 60069 Hexangium sigani Goto and Ozaki, 1929 (two slides with one specimen each from C. SYNONYMS: Hexangium affinum Tubangui erythrogaster). and Masilungan, 1944; H. seciindum Anner- MEASUREMENTS OF EIGHT SPECIMENS: Body 3,004 to 4,602 by 982 to 1,427; preoral body 1 Contribution from the Department of Biology, Harpur College, State University of New York, Binghamton (J. H. 22 to 40 long; oral sucker 213 to 307 by 228 Fischthal). to 340; prepharynx 184 to 419 long; pharynx " Present address of R. E. Kuntz: Parasitology Depart- ment, U. S. Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, 144 to 265 by 147 to 206; right testis 430 to Maryland. 644 by 414 to 537, distance to posterior body This study was supported in part by funding under Pub- lic Law 480, Section 104(c). The opinions and assertions end 206 to 460; left testis 430 to 613 by 350 herein are those of the authors and are not to be construed to 591, distance to posterior body end 305 as official or reflecting the views of the Navy Department or the naval service at large. to 721; cirrus sac 51 to 85 by 63 to 99; oral The authors are indebted to Dr. Robert F. Inger, Curator of Reptiles, and Dr. Lorcn P. Woods, Curator of Fishes, sucker to genital pore 133 to 331; ovary 166 Chicago Natural History Museum, for host identifications; to 262 by 180 to 269, distance to posterior to Wootlrow Bistline, HMC, USN, and Mr. Ching-tsong Lo, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, for technical body end 236 to 314; oral sucker to beginning assistance in processing and examination of hosts; to Miss Janet E. Brown, Associate Librarian, Harpur College, for of vitellaria 614 to 1,150; 30 eggs measuring obtaining interlibrary loans; and to Dr. George R. LaRue 82 to 95 by 49 to 60. and Dr. Allen Mclntosh, Beltsville Parasitological Labora- tory, U. S. Department of Agriculture, for comments on DISCUSSION: Five specimens were collected the specimen of Mesocoelium. Mr. Henry Holland, Di- rector, Kepayan Veterinary Station, Jesselton, provided lab- from S. oramin, ten from S. giittatus, and two oratory facilities for the NAMRU field party, and Mr. G. L. from C. erythrogaster; the latter two hosts rep- Carson, Conservator of Forests, Sandakan, has been helpful in providing permits for the collection of vertebrates. resent new records. Fischthal and Kuntz (1964) Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington 64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE [VOL. 32, No. 1 reviewed this species, noting its presence in a akaara from Japan), from the latter in the variety of fish hosts from Philippines, Celebes, position of the esophageal swelling next to the Red Sea, and Madagascar. cecal bifurcation. The form described by Nagaty (1948) as B. claviformis from Epineph- FAMILY BIVESICULIDAE elus fasciatus (syn. Serranus f.) from the Bivesicula claviformis Yamaguti, 1934 Red Sea resembles B. epinepheli as described by Yamaguti (1938, 1939) in possessing an HOST: Epinephelus fasciatus (Serranidae). esophageal swelling next to the cecal bifurca- HABITAT: Small intestine. tion. However, the vitelline follicles are con- LOCALITY: Jesselton, North Borneo. fluent anteriorly as for B. claviformis. Yama- DATE: 30 September 1960. guti (1958), Skrjabin and Sobolev (1961), and SPECIMENS: U.S.N.M. Helm. Coll. No. 60070 Manter (1961) apparently accepted Nagaty's (three specimens on two slides). allocation of his specimens. Examination of MEASUREMENTS AND SOME PERTINENT DATA one of Manter's (1961) specimens of B. clavi- (based on three specimens): Body 1,040 to formis from Epinephelus merra from Fiji 1,510 by 645 to 680; oral sucker and acetab- (U.S.N.M. Helm. Coll. No. 39450) indicated ulum lacking; pharynx 140 to 201 by 172 to similar characteristics as herein noted for 218; muscular esophageal swelling next to phar- Nagaty's specimens. Whether B. epinepheli ynx; testis 182 to 235 by 181 to 290; cirrus sac is a synonym of B. claviformis cannot be ascer- 242 to 336 by 201 to 266; internal seminal tained until the significance of the position of vesicle 88 to 160 by 77 to 167; ovary 136 to the esophageal swelling and the separation or 142 by 125 to 194; vitelline follicles confluent confluence of the vitelline follicles anteriorly anteriorly; 15 eggs (some partially collapsed) is determined from a study of a larger series measuring 76 to 82 by 37 to 55. of specimens; especially valuable would be a DISCUSSION: This form was described as the knowledge of their life histories. type species of the genus by Yamaguti (1934) from Seriola quinqueradiata (Carangidae) and FAMILY HEMIURIDAE Parapristipoma trilineatum (Pomadasyidae) Erilepturus platycephali (Yamaguti, 1934) from Japan. In the key to the species of Manter and Pritchard, 1960 (Fig. 1) Bivesicula. given by Skrjabin and Sobolev (1961) our specimens keyed to B. claviformis. SYNONYMS: Ectenurus platycephali Yama- In the key given by Cable and Nahhas (1962) guti, 1934; Uterovesiculurus platycephali (Ya- our specimens keyed to a choice between B. maguti, 1934) Skrjabin and Guschanskaja, claviformis and B. epinepheli Yamaguti, 1938, 1954. but we could not make a definite allocation HOST: Platycephalus indicus (Platycephal- inasmuch as the characteristics presented were idae). too variable. The widths of the cirrus sac and HABITATS: Stomach and small intestine. testis are dependent in great part upon the LOCALITY: Jesselton, North Borneo. body size of the specimens studied, and B. DATE: 29 August 1960. epinepheli generally was represented by larger SPECIMENS: U.S.N.M. Helm. Coll. No. 60071 worms. Additionally, in Yamaguti's illustrations (two slides). of these species the cirrus sac overlapped the MEASUREMENTS AND SOME PERTINENT DATA midlevel of the body, and its level could (based on two specimens mounted in lateral readily vary according to the extent of body view; measurements are length by depth): contraction. Body 1,925 to 2,905 by 730 to 1,500; ecsoma Le Zotte (1954) and Cable and Nahhas retracted except for pointed tip in one; oral (1962) indicated that the oral sucker in sucker 192 to 295 by 133 to 247, ncctabulum Bivesicula actually was the pharynx, and the 380 to 725 by 270 to 660, sucker length ratio so-called pharynx a muscular swelling of the 1 : 1.98 to 2.46; glandular pit lying dorsal to esophagus. Yamaguti (1934) noted a mus- oral sucker or to latter and pharynx, 169 to cular esophageal swelling next to the pharynx 242 by 85 to 167, large gland cells in single in B. claviformis and (1938) separated a new layer with large vacuole displacing nucleus and species, B. epinepheli (from Epinephelus cytoplasm against cell membrane; pharynx 92 Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington JANUARY, 1965] HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY 65 to 133 by 82 to 143; testes (in smaller speci- part of ovary and posterior end of seminal men) 245 in diameter; seminal vesicle (in one) vesicle dorsally; Laurer's canal present; vitel- 270 by 142, muscular, thick walled, dorsal to laria commencing at level of posterior margin acetabulum; proximal portion of pars prostatica of acetabulum, confluent posttesticular; vitel- (in one) 210 by 18, distal portion inflated into line reservoir distinct, transversely elongate, vesicle 123 to 205 by 54 to 80 and surrounded postovarian, 82 to 106 by 98 to 158; 8 partially by dense mass of prostate cells; hermaphro- collapsed eggs measuring 85 to 93 by 55 to ditic duct 315 to 460 by 19 to 27; sinus sac 68; lymph vessels conspicuous laterally an- 230 to 336 by 70 to 111 proximally and 30 terior to vitellaria, hidden where latter present. to 31 distally; ovary (in smaller specimen) DISCUSSION: Yamaguti (1953) described this 296 by 202; uterine vesicle 73 to 135 by 101 to species from Synagris taeniopterits from Cel- 135; 15 eggs measuring 15 to 19 by 10 to 11.
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