DOCSLIB.ORG

The New Universal Composite: One Shade

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The New Universal Composite: One Shade SPONSORED BY: The New Universal Composite: One shade for every BY TERRI LIVELY patient The New Universal Composite: One shade for every patient omposites are a vital and useful outcomes with new technology for shade match- tool in the dental practice. Not ing. OMNICHROMA is a single-shade, struc- only do they facilitate excellent turally-colored universal composite designed to restorations, but they also look match every tooth shade with a single shade of just like the natural tooth when composite. OMNICHROMA is the first and only the final restoration is complete. composite to use one shade to match the entire That is, composite restorations look natural VITA Classical Shade Guide, from A1 to D4. Cafter a concentrated effort to match the pa- In this eBook, you’ll learn more about this tient’s natural teeth to one of the shades in the revolutionary product. We’ll share how OMNI- guide, in the optimal environmental lighting CHROMA’s unique design and features allow and interior design. Plus, you must have the it to match the 16 VITA classical shades with right shade of the proper category of the com- only one shade of composite. You’ll also learn posite in inventory — that hasn’t expired. Or how it eliminates the need for shade select- maybe the composite restoration looks natural because of your finesse, time and care with ing. Furthermore, you’ll see how it reduces shade blending to get that unique hue your the composite inventory needed, so you have patient presents. fewer wasted materials that expire before they In other words, composite restorations look can be used. Finally, we had 25 doctors rate fantastic, but shade matching is a time-con- OMNICHROMA’s performance on nearly 1,000 suming process. restorative cases and we’ll share what they had Or, rather, it was a time-consuming process. to say about its performance. Tokuyama Dental’s OMNICHROMA can But first, let’s take a closer look at composites improve your practice efficiencies and clinical in general. 2 SPONSORED BY: TheThe NewNew UniversalUniversal Composite:Composite: OneOne shadeshade forfor everyevery patientpatient A QUICK OVERVIEW OF COMPOSITES suited to posterior restorations. Microfills are Composite resins were designed for esthetics. still in use for certain restorations today. Tooth-colored by design, they replace healthy • Hybrids: When you combine the strength of a tooth structure for restorations and serve all the macrofill with the esthetics of a microfill, you same biological and functional jobs as a natural get the hybrid composites. The sizes of the tooth would. Many times, after the composite particles are different as a result of the com- resin restoration is complete, one can’t tell the bination of macrofills and microfills. Many of tooth ever had a cavity — if it’s done well. But the composites clinicians use today are in this at the same time, it can be difficult and time- category. consuming to attain a perfect esthetic match. • Nanocomposites: The latest composites are called nanocomposites. The particle size is Many times, after the as small as 20nm. However, the small par- composite resin restoration ticles form nanoclusters, which are groupings of smaller particles that function as a larger is complete, one can’t tell the particle. The nanoclusters allow the nanocom- tooth ever had a cavity — if posites to enjoy more strength and durability but still look great. There are also nanofilled it’s done well. But at the same resins and nanohybrids. There are a few of time, it can be difficult and these products available today. Composites also have different product cat- time-consuming to attain a egories, which include: perfect esthetic match • Universals: As the name implies, universal composites are designed to be used any- where in the mouth and produce long-lasting Composites have been around since the 1960s. and natural-looking dental restorations. However, the first materials weren’t durable enough for the work surfaces of the posterior teeth. • Flowables: Flowables have more fluidity to Today’s composites have addressed the strength their composition and are mostly used for and durability issues of the early materials. smaller restorations and as liners and bases. There are a few different types of composites, • Bulk fills: Unlike the other two product cate- including: gories of composites, bulk fills can be layered • Macrofills: Macrofills were the first compos- thicker in preparations with less curing. Many ites. They had large particles, from 10-15 mi- times, bulk fills are used for posterior restora- crometers, and were strong but not esthetic. tions, but the use of bulk fills is always evolv- The large size of the fillers made them difficult ing as materials improve. to finish and polish. For all of these reasons, Universals are the most versatile of the three they’re no longer commonly used. product categories. When it comes to universal • Microfills: Following the macrofills were the mi- composite performance, there are a few char- crofills. They had smaller particles, in the range acteristics clinicians should consider. of 0.03 to 0.05 micrometers. They looked bet- • Strength: How will it hold up when the patient ter than macrofills, but they were weak and not is using compressive force? 3 SPONSORED BY: The New Universal Composite: One shade for every patient • Esthetics: Will the composite match the pa- luster. It takes time to analyze all these factors. tient’s other teeth? Let’s look at some of the challenges with get- ting the shade right. • Shrinkage: Will it shrink during polymerization and create problems for the patient long- OPERATORY FACTORS term? • Lighting: Poor quality lighting will make a sig- • Polishability: Will the restoration maintain its nificant difference in the perception of tooth luster and have a life-like appearance? shade. • Handling: Do you like how it feels to work with • Interior design: The colors of the walls, cabi- and can you produce the results you want netry, and furniture items, like the dental chair with the material? upholstery, influence what you see for the shade of the teeth. Composites aren’t perfect, however. Some composite types lack durability and have low • Lack of proper tools: Technology like Opto- flexural strength. Others have poor wear resis- electronics that detect and control light in its tance. Some clinicians think composite materi- visible and invisible forms can enhance the als systems could be simpler to use. Others feel shade-matching process; however, not every like the esthetics could still be improved more, office has invested in this technology. including the shades of composite available. SHADE GUIDE FACTORS Materials are constantly improving. Further- • Comparing the tooth with a classic shade more, not all composites are created equal — guide: Classic shade guides have subjectiv- and we mean that in the literal sense. Knowing ity to them. Experts say that digital guides are your product, what its strengths and limitations more objective than traditional shade guides. are, and which type of cases you have the most success with that product is key to avoiding • Using an old shade guide: Over time, the clean- some of these challenges. ing products we use will change the colors on However, there’s an area of opportunity. Most the shade guide. Not replacing shade guides composites have tried tackling or have tackled means that the colors will fade in time and cre- this opportunity by having good shade match- ate problems with accurate shade matching. ing abilities (i.e., chameleon effects, etc.), but • Not comparing and contrasting: If you only use none so far have perfected it to result in a one- one type of shade matching, you have only one shade composite that works for every shade of resulting match. When you use more than one tooth. Let’s take a closer look at shade match- way to shade match, whether that is a different ing in more detail. manufacturer’s shade guide or an electronic THE CHALLENGES OF SHADE MATCHING version, like a colorimeter or spectrophotom- Many challenges exist with shade match- eter, you have confirmation, or at the very least, ing teeth. Some difficulties arise based on the more information about the shade. operatory, while others happen as a result of the materials. Still others stem from the processes PROCESS FACTORS: clinicians use — or don’t use. • Skipping the picture: If you don’t take pictures Also, dentists must consider many things (which takes time), you could be missing es- when matching materials to a patient’s natural sential tools for patient education. Moreover, teeth, including shape, contour, texture and pictures help you communicate and collaborate 4 SPONSORED BY: TheThe NewNew UniversalUniversal Composite:Composite: OneOne shadeshade forfor everyevery patientpatient with the lab, where your technician can help Structural color doesn’t rely on added pigments or create a better match than the clinician alone. dyes to color match but instead uses a combina- tion of the visible light and how it interacts with a • Shade matching at the wrong time: If you’re physical object to create the color you see. Struc- tired, your eyes don’t catch the same amount tural color is expressed by the physical properties of detail. If your patient has been in the chair of light working together with nanostructures. for a while, his or her teeth are drier than usual. Shade matching at the beginning of Nanostructures are tiny objects that range in the appointment can be more successful than size between microscopic and molecular-sized. shade matching at the end. Nanostructures improve reactivity, meaning • Eyesight problems: Perception depends on optical health; if the viewer has deficiencies, it OMNICHROMA is a new can affect the shade matching.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study Searching for Existence Is Actually One of Human Efforts in Building His
    1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study Searching for existence is actually one of human efforts in building his meaning of life. Someone can find the meaning of life when he thinks that he manages to actualize his idealism. By actualizing his idealism, man can find his identity. In the scope of the society, then his existence will be built. The existence of a man can be seen from two sides. From the outside view, a man appears to be just another natural creature while from the inside view, he is an entirely independent universe, the center of his own infinity. Man is equal, but every human has his own worldexistentially, which differ him from other individual. This only understandable in the term of individual’s existence, his particular experience of life. Thus, to understand a man, somebody cannot merely appreciate him from his physical appearance. In etymology concept the word "existence" comes from the Latin word existere means "to appear", "to arise", "to become", or "to be", but literally, it means "to stand out". Everyone has their own existence, the existence is as the sigh of his purpose, the purpose is what he wants to become. The search for existence also appears in the major character of Red movie directed by Robert Schwentke. Red is a 2010 Americanaction comedy film inspired by the three- issuecomic book series of the same namecreated byWarren EllisandCully 1 2 Hamner, and published by theDC ComicsimprintHomage. The film starsBruce Willis,Morgan Freeman,John Malkovich,Mary-Louise Parker,Helen Mirren, andKarl UrbanwithRobert Schwentkedirecting ascreenplayby Jon Hoeber and Erich Hoeber.The screenplay of this movie is based on the cult D.C comics graphic novels written by Warren Ellis and Cully Hamner with the same title.
    [Show full text]
  • Emergency Response to Australia's Black Summer 2019–2020
    animals Commentary Emergency Response to Australia’s Black Summer 2019–2020: The Role of a Zoo-Based Conservation Organisation in Wildlife Triage, Rescue, and Resilience for the Future Marissa L. Parrott 1,*, Leanne V. Wicker 1,2, Amanda Lamont 1, Chris Banks 1, Michelle Lang 3, Michael Lynch 4, Bonnie McMeekin 5, Kimberly A. Miller 2, Fiona Ryan 1, Katherine E. Selwood 1, Sally L. Sherwen 1 and Craig Whiteford 1 1 Wildlife Conservation and Science, Zoos Victoria, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; [email protected] (L.V.W.); [email protected] (A.L.); [email protected] (C.B.); [email protected] (F.R.); [email protected] (K.E.S.); [email protected] (S.L.S.); [email protected] (C.W.) 2 Healesville Sanctuary, Badger Creek, VIC 3777, Australia; [email protected] 3 Marketing, Communications & Digital Strategy, Zoos Victoria, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; [email protected] 4 Melbourne Zoo, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; [email protected] 5 Werribee Open Range Zoo, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: In the summer of 2019–2020, a series of more than 15,000 bushfires raged across Citation: Parrott, M.L.; Wicker, L.V.; Australia in a catastrophic event called Australia’s Black Summer. An estimated 3 billion native Lamont, A.; Banks, C.; Lang, M.; animals, and whole ecosystems, were impacted by the bushfires, with many endangered species Lynch, M.; McMeekin, B.; Miller, K.A.; pushed closer to extinction. Zoos Victoria was part of a state-led bushfire response to assist wildlife, Ryan, F.; Selwood, K.E.; et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Transmetropolitan: Back on the Street Vol 1 Free
    FREE TRANSMETROPOLITAN: BACK ON THE STREET VOL 1 PDF Darick Robertson,Warren Ellis | 144 pages | 18 Nov 2011 | DC Comics | 9781401220846 | English | New York, NY, United States Transmetropolitan - Wikipedia After years of self-imposed exile from a civilizati on rife with degradati on and indecency, cynical journalist Spider Jerusalem is forced to return to a job that he hates and a city that he loa the Transmetropolitan: Back on the Street Vol 1. Working as an investigative reporter for the newspaper The Word, Spider attacks the injustices of his surreal 23rd Century surroundings. Combining black humor, life-threatening situati on s, and moral ambiguity, this book is the first look into the mind of an outlaw journalist and the world he seeks to destroy. Short-link Link Embed. Share from cover. Share from page:. More magazines by this user. Close Flag as Inappropriate. You Transmetropolitan: Back on the Street Vol 1 already flagged this document. Thank you, for helping us keep this platform clean. The editors will have a look at it as soon as possible. Delete template? Cancel Delete. Cancel Overwrite Save. Don't wait! Try Yumpu. Start using Yumpu now! Resources Blog Product changes Videos Magazines. Integrations Wordpress Zapier Dropbox. Cooperation partner: bote. Terms of service. Privacy policy. Cookie policy. Change language. Main languages. Transmetropolitan Vol. 1: Back on the Street - Warren Ellis - Google книги Transmetropolitan is a cyberpunk transhumanist comic book series written by Warren Ellis and co-created and designed by Darick Robertson ; it was published by the American company DC Comics in — Transmetropolitan chronicles the battles of Spider Jerusaleminfamous renegade gonzo journalist of the future.
    [Show full text]
  • The Next Generation's Storm Surge Prediction System in Japan
    The Next Generation’s Storm Surge Prediction System in Japan Meteorological Agency Hiroshi HASEGAWA, Nadao KOHNO, Masakazu HIGAKI and Masaki ITOH Office of Marine Prediction, Global Environment and Marine Department, Japan Meteorogical Agency 12 September 2017 Abstract Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) is planning to up- grade storm surge prediction system in the next JMA super computer system (from 2018). This upgrade in- cludes introducing Ensemble Prediction System (EPS) and large change of model schemes. In the JCOMM In- ternational Workshop on Wave Hindcasting and Fore- casting 5th & Coastal Hazard Symposium (Key West, Florida, U.S.A., November 2015), JMA presented de- velopment of storm surge model which includes multi- scenario prediction system and unstructured grid model. In June 2016, JMA introduced multi-scenario prediction system. In the next JMA super computer system, JMA plans to extend multi-scenario prediction system and in- Figure 1: Model domain. The red frame shows Japan troduce storm surge Ensemble Prediction System (EPS) area storm surge model domain, the green frame shows and probabilistic forecast. JMA is considering introduc- Asia area storm surge model domain, and the yellow ing also unstructured grid storm surge model and devel- frame shows RSMC Tokyo’s area of responsibility oping Finite Element Method (FEM) and Finite Volume Method (FVM) schemes. the extratropical cyclone case, extending of forecast time 1 Current sytem and adding advection terms, etc. Since May 2010, for more detailed information and warnings, a new storm JMA routinely operates two storm surge models (Figure surge model with higher resolution (approximately 1 km 1). One is Japan area storm surge model which is used mesh) and the gridded astronomical tide analysis method for mainly issuing storm surge warnings in domestic re- have been operated.
    [Show full text]
  • Primary Sources
    1 Works Cited Primary Sources "Code of the Comics Magazine Association Inc." Comics Magazine Association Inc., ​ ​ www.visitthecapitol.gov/exhibitions/artifact/code-comics-magazine-association-america- inc-1954. Accessed 20 Oct. 2019. This website contains photo slides which provided me with pictures of the Comics Code Authority pamphlet (the barrier itself), the senate hearings, and copies of the two letters written by Robert Meridian (the child) and Eugenia Y. Genovar (the parent). I was able to deepen my understanding about the range of perspectives taking a hand in this conversation, therefore adding complexity to the topic itself. Crotty, Rob. "The Congressional Archives NARA Unit Preserves History of Legislation in the House, Senate." The Congressional Archives NARA Unit Preserves History of Legislation ​ in House, Senate, U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, 2009, ​ www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2009/fall/congressional.html. Accessed 15 Oct. 2019. This is a website which contains photographs from the Subcommittee of Juvenile Delinquency. This was used in the Senate Hearings tab, and provided details to how this testimony was “the nail to the coffin”\s his testimony provoked the committee to justify their suspicions and overall view on the subject matter, to recommend censorship on comic books. 2 “Eisenhower and McCarthy.” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, ​ ​ www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/eisenhower-politics/.. ​ This website provided a photograph of Joseph Mccarthy, so readers can tie a face to the name repeated throughout the tab of Mccarthyism and the Second Red Scare “Grand Comics Database.” Grand Comics Database, Grand Comics Database, ​ ​ www.comics.org/. ​ This was a database that provided all of the comic book covers in the website.
    [Show full text]
  • Guatemala Memory of Silence: Report of the Commission For
    _. .... _-_ ... _-------_.. ------ .f) GUATEMALA MEMORIA DEL 51LENCIO GUATEMALA MEMORIA DE: "<" 'AL TZ'INIL NA'TAB'AL TZ'INIL NA'TAB'AL TZ'INIL NA'TAB'AL TZ" , C NAJSA'N TUJ QLOLJ B'I QLOLJ B'INCHB': 'ATAB'AL 51LAN NATAB'A ~N NATAB'AL SIL ~NT'IL YU'AM K'UULANTl , U'AM K'UULANl . Nt B'ANITAJIK TZ'ILANEE .. ' B'ANITAJIK T: . 'CHIL NACHB'AL TE JUTZE'CHIL N , r 'EB'ANIL TZET MAC MACH XJALAN '~l QAB'IIM TAJ RI QA I QAB'IIM TAJ R! ~ ~AB'llAl TZ'INANK'ULA LAL SNAB'ILAL 1 I GUATEMALA MEMORIA LA MEMORIA DE · E Ai.. TZ'ENil NA'TAB'AL TZ'IN L NA'TAB'Al TZ' : i,& (~A~SA'N TUJ QLOLJ B'INC QLOLJ B'INCHB' i ~A'!"4B'Al SllAN NATAB'AL SI NATAB'Al Sil , NT'H.. YU'AM K'UULANT'IL YU 'AM K'UUlAN1 .. i B'Ar~rrAJiK T M B'ANITAJIK T. I~ HH. Nt~,.CHB' Z JU 'CHH_ ~ gi! EB'fU\BL T'Z ALAN fJ ,H QAS'nM . J R ~Sr"AB';lAL LAl i ,tlG GUATE, RIA DE :~F ,~l TZ'! B'Al TZ' ~ NAJSA' B'INCHB' B4TAB'AL NATAB'AL Sil l" \'jT'il YU' 'AM K'UULANi ~tri' B'ANIT M B'ANITAJIK T J'CHIL N Z JUTZE'CHIL " fl~'EB'ANI MACH XJALAN tJ '11 QAB'E! RI QAB'IIM TAJ R s~ ',4B'ElAl K'ULAL SNAB'ILAl· ~l GUATEMA MALA MEMORIA DE {~ At TZ'INIL NA TZ'INll NA'TAS'Al TZ' ii~,~ NAJSA'N TUJ QLO TUJ QLOLJ B'INCHB' ~ NATAB'AL 51LAN NATAB 51 B L SILAN NATAB'AL SIL <; NT'IL YU'AM K'UULANT'IL YU'AM ULANT'IL YU'AM K'UULAN-I · 10 GUATEMALA MEMORIA DEL 51LENCIO GUATEMALA MEMORIA DE GUATEMALA MEMORY OF SILENCE ·,I·.· .
    [Show full text]
  • British Writers, DC, and the Maturation of American Comic Books Derek Salisbury University of Vermont
    University of Vermont ScholarWorks @ UVM Graduate College Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 2013 Growing up with Vertigo: British Writers, DC, and the Maturation of American Comic Books Derek Salisbury University of Vermont Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis Recommended Citation Salisbury, Derek, "Growing up with Vertigo: British Writers, DC, and the Maturation of American Comic Books" (2013). Graduate College Dissertations and Theses. 209. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/209 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks @ UVM. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate College Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UVM. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GROWING UP WITH VERTIGO: BRITISH WRITERS, DC, AND THE MATURATION OF AMERICAN COMIC BOOKS A Thesis Presented by Derek A. Salisbury to The Faculty of the Graduate College of The University of Vermont In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts Specializing in History May, 2013 Accepted by the Faculty of the Graduate College, The University of Vermont, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, specializing in History. Thesis Examination Committee: ______________________________________ Advisor Abigail McGowan, Ph.D ______________________________________ Melanie Gustafson, Ph.D ______________________________________ Chairperson Elizabeth Fenton, Ph.D ______________________________________ Dean, Graduate College Domenico Grasso, Ph.D March 22, 2013 Abstract At just under thirty years the serious academic study of American comic books is relatively young. Over the course of three decades most historians familiar with the medium have recognized that American comics, since becoming a mass-cultural product in 1939, have matured beyond their humble beginnings as a monthly publication for children.
    [Show full text]
  • J. Edgar Hoover and the "Red Summer" of 1919 Author(S): Mark Ellis Source: Journal of American Studies, Vol
    J. Edgar Hoover and the "Red Summer" of 1919 Author(s): Mark Ellis Source: Journal of American Studies, Vol. 28, No. 1 (Apr., 1994), pp. 39-59 Published by: Cambridge University Press on behalf of the British Association for American Studies Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27555783 . Accessed: 26/08/2011 11:12 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Cambridge University Press and British Association for American Studies are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of American Studies. http://www.jstor.org J. Edgar Hoover and the "Red Summer" of 1919 MARK ELLIS J. Edgar Hoover directed the Bureau of Investigation (BI), later renamed the Federal Bureau of Investigation, from 1924 until his death in 1972. His autocratic style of management, self-mythologising habits, reactionary political opinions and accumulation of secret files on real, imagined and potential opponents have been widely documented. The views and methods he advocated have been variously attributed to values he absorbed as he grew up and to certain peculiarities of his personality. Most to biographers trace his rapid rise to prominence in the BI his aptitude for investigating alien enemies during World War I, and radicals during the subsequent Red Scare.
    [Show full text]
  • Santa Clara County Ambulance Diversion Policy 4/99
    SANTA CLARA COUNTY Policy No. 4001 EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES Effective 12/21/98 Page 1 of 4 Replaces 4001 - 02/22/97 Medical Facilities FACILITY DIVERSION I. AUTHORITY Division 2.5, Chapter 6, Article 3, §1798.170, Health & Safety Code. II. PURPOSE Ambulance diversion is a management tool that can be used temporarily by local hospitals to ensure patient safety, when the patient load exceeds emergency department resources, in order to maintain continued access to good medical care for all. Diversion (RED) is to be considered a last resort alternative when emergency department resources continue to be overwhelmed after internal procedures for dealing with the situation have been maximized and are no longer effective. III. FACILITY STATUS The following facility status conditions apply to all Approved Receiving Facilities and Specialty Care Centers: A. GREEN - Open to all patients B. YELLOW - Service Limitation Advisory. A Service Limitation Advisory can be initiated for limitation on services normally available at a receiving facility, i.e.; inoperable CT scan or ED near overload. A census advisory (nearing ED overload) does not divert patients, but provides EMS personnel with additional information so that an educated destination decision can be made if the patient’s health plan does not define the receiving facility. C. RED - Diverting all patients, except those in extremis. The receiving facility’s Emergency Department is no longer able to accept additional patients due to the number of acute patients currently being treated, a lack of available beds, and/or available staff. IV. DIVERSION PROCESS A. Approved facilities may use ambulance diversion (RED) only if the following process is used.
    [Show full text]
  • Modernization of Japan's Hydromet Services
    MODERNIZATION OF Japan’s Hydromet A Report on Lessons Learned SERVICES for Disaster Risk Management CONTRIBUTORS ABBREVIATIONS World Bank: Jack Campbell and Makoto Suwa AMeDAS Automated Meteorological Data (Co-leads); Toshihiro Sonoda (GFDRR Hydromet Acquisition System Team); Ray Canterford, Anne Himmelfarb and CCTV closed-circuit television Sonia Luthra (Consultants); and James Newman, CREWS Climate Risk and Early Warning Systems Keiko Kaneda, Naho Shibuya and Vibhu Jain DRM disaster risk management (DRM Hub, Tokyo), under the guidance of Francis FRICS Foundation of River & Basin Integrated Ghesquiere, Luis Tineo and Vladimir Tsirkunov. Communications, Japan GFCS Global Framework for Climate Services Japan Meteorological Business Support Center GFDRR Global Facility for Disaster Reduction (JMBSC): Mitsuhiko Hatori (Head), Tokiyoshi and Recovery Toya, Michihiko Tonouchi, Hiroshi Yokoyama, ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization Masao Mikami, Tsutomu Jyoumura, and Yasutaka ICT Information and Communications Makihara. Technology IMO International Meteorological Foundation of River & Basin Integrated Organization Communications, Japan (FRICS): Akihiko IWRM Integrated Water Resources Management Nunomura (Head), Minoru Kuriki, Masaaki JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency Nakayasu, Hideyuki Kamimera, and Atsuhiro JMA Japan Meteorological Agency Yorozuya. JMBSC Japan Meteorological Business Support Center ACKNOWLEDGMENTS LMOs Local Meteorological Offices The Government of Japan provided substantial MLIT Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism inputs and advice in the drafting of the reports and NHK Japan Broadcasting Corporation overall strategic guidance. Particular thanks go NMHS National Meteorological and to the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport Hydrological Service and Tourism (MLIT); the Japan Meteorological NTT Nippon Telegram and Telephone Agency (JMA); the Cabinet Office; the International Corporation Centre for Water Hazard (ICHARM); and the Japan NWP Numerical Weather Prediction International Cooperation Agency (JICA).
    [Show full text]
  • Explaining the Red Summer of 1919 by Zinn Education Project, Adapted by Newsela Staff on 09.30.19 Word Count 1,156 Level 1070L
    Explaining the Red Summer of 1919 By Zinn Education Project, adapted by Newsela staff on 09.30.19 Word Count 1,156 Level 1070L Image 1. State militia faces off with an African-American veteran during the 1919 Chicago race riots. Photo by Chicago Tribune. The racist riots of 1919 occurred 100 years ago this summer. During a national wave of white mob violence, 1919 was a time when black people defended themselves. They fought back and demanded full citizenship in thousands of acts of courage and daring, small and large, individually and as a group. These events came to be known as the Red Summer. Both the racist violence and black defiance are important patterns in our history. But pull a standard U.S. history textbook off the shelf and you're unlikely to find more than a paragraph on the 1919 riots. What you do find downplays both racism and black resistance. Our textbooks provide twisted facts and a dangerous "both sides" framing. They leave students ignorant about white supremacy at this moment of revived racist backlash. Students, and the rest of us, need to learn the lessons of 1919. Those lessons from 1919 can give perspective to modern protests that took place in Ferguson and Baltimore. They can help us understand Bree Newsome's removal of the Confederate flag from the South Carolina statehouse and the fierce backlash to Colin Kaepernick's on-field protest. White Rage, Black Self-Defense This article is available at 5 reading levels at https://newsela.com. The anti-black violence in 1919 occurred in many cities and was usually described problematically as "race riots." White supremacists lynched nearly 100 black people.
    [Show full text]
  • Forecasting and Early Warning of Dust Storms
    Having trouble reading this email? Download the PDF. FEBRUARY 2013 Home Subscribe Archive Contact Thematic focus: Harmful substances and hazardous waste, ecosystem management Forecasting and early warning of dust storms Why is this issue important? Soon after a massive dust storm engulfed Sydney, Australia in September 2009, the worst the city had experienced since 1940 (Leys et al., 2011), a call was made for the development of more early warning systems to be able to predict these devastating events in the future (UN, 2009). The city was covered in dust for nine hours and suffered disruption to communications, daily activities, car and air traffic, and reduced visibility to 0.4 km (Leys et al., 2011). Impacts such as these can be quite common during a dust event and can result in great costs. Other impacts can include the deposition of foreign sediments causing cropland to suffer; compromised air quality and human health when dust particles remain suspended in the atmosphere; and reduced efficiency of renewable energy sources when dust interferes with their mechanics. Suspended dust particles can alter the atmospheric radiation balance and contribute to climatic variations (Du et al., 2002) such as alteration of regional monsoon patterns or the acceleration of glacial melt (Gautam et al., 2010). Dust storms can have high interannual, as well as annual and decadal, variability, thus it is important that more research is conducted over longer periods of time to analyze trends and associated storm severity (Ganor et al., 2010; Goudie, 2009). With increased information about long term trends, more accurate forecasts of dust storm movements can be developed, the appropriate efforts to mitigate damage can be put into place and effective early warning can be communicated.
    [Show full text]