Explicit and Implicit Religious Teachings in Children's
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Chance and Contingency in the Evolution of Man, Mind and Morals in Charles Kingsley's W
Journal of the History of Biology Ó Springer 2012 DOI 10.1007/s10739-012-9345-5 Monkeys into Men and Men into Monkeys: Chance and Contingency in the Evolution of Man, Mind and Morals in Charles Kingsley’s Water Babies PIERS J. HALE Department of the History of Science University of Oklahoma 601 Elm Ave, Rm. 610 Norman, OK 73019 USA E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. The nineteenth century theologian, author and poet Charles Kingsley was a notable populariser of Darwinian evolution. He championed Darwin’s cause and that of honesty in science for more than a decade from 1859 to 1871. Kingsley’s interpretation of evolution shaped his theology, his politics and his views on race. The relationship between men and apes set the context for Kingsley’s consideration of these issues. Having defended Darwin for a decade in 1871 Kingsley was dismayed to read Darwin’s account of the evolution of morals in Descent of Man. He subsequently distanced himself from Darwin’s conclusions even though he remained an ardent evolutionist until his death in 1875. Keywords: Charles Kingsley, Evolution, Hipocampus minor, Darwin, British Associa- tion, Water Babies, Nineteenth century, Race, Morant Bay, Eyre affair, Thomas Huxley, Descent of Man, Origin of Species, Biology, England, Politics, Theology, Science and religion Jack (who has been reading passages from the ‘‘Descent of Man’’ to the wife whom he adores, but loves to tease). ‘‘SO YOU SEE, MARY, BABY IS DESCENDED FROM A HAIRY QUADRUPED, WITH POINTED EARS AND A TAIL. WE ALL ARE!’’ Mary. ‘‘SPEAK FOR YOURSELF, JACK! I’M NOT DES- CENDED FROM ANYTHING OF THE KIND, I BEG TO SAY; AND BABY TAKES AFTER ME. -
1 Introduction
Notes 1 Introduction 1. John Henry Newman, Lectures on the Recent Position of Catholics in England Addressed to the Brothers of the Oratory (London: Burns and Lambert, 1851), p. 1. 2. See her chapter on ‘Anti-Catholic Erotica’, in Julie Peakman, Mighty Lewd Books. The Development of Pornography in Eighteenth-Century England (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003), pp. 126–58. 3. D.G. Paz, Popular Anti-Catholicism in Mid-Victorian England (California: Stanford University Press, 1992), p. 51. 4. Statistics taken from: Derek Holmes More Roman than Rome and Gloria McAdam, My Dear Sister: An Analysis of Nineteenth-century Documents Concerning the Founding of a Women’s Religious Congregation (Bradford: University of Bradford, PhD Thesis, 1994). 5. Robert Klaus, The Pope the Protestants and the Irish (New York: Garland Publishing, 1987), p. 281. 6. One prolific preacher and writer referred to in this study was Father Achilli, a defrocked Catholic priest who capitalised on the No-Popery movement and published various ‘revelations’ about Catholic convents that helped to confirm popular prejudices. Achilli won a libel suit against Newman in 1851 for accusing him of sacrilege and sexual misconduct. 7. Dawson Massy, Dark Deeds of the Papacy Contrasted with the Bright Lights of the Gospel, also the Jesuits Unmasked and Popery Unchangeable (London: Seeleys, 1851), p. 155. 8. Henry Drummond MP, To the People of England on The Invasion (London: Bosworth and Harrison, 1859). 9. See Shirley, p. 398 where Caroline Helstone observes Rose Yorke reading Mrs Radcliffe’s The Italian. There is evidence that Charlotte Brontë was well aquainted with this genre of literature. -
The Armstrong Browning Library Newsletter God Is the Perfect Poet
The Armstrong Browning Library Newsletter God is the perfect poet. – Paracelsus by Robert Browning NUMBER 51 SPRING/SUMMER 2007 WACO, TEXAS Ann Miller to be Honored at ABL For more than half a century, the find inspiration. She wrote to her sister late Professor Ann Vardaman Miller of spending most of the summer there was connected to Baylor’s English in the “monastery like an eagle’s nest Department—first as a student (she . in the midst of mountains, rocks, earned a B.A. in 1949, serving as an precipices, waterfalls, drifts of snow, assistant to Dr. A. J. Armstrong, and a and magnificent chestnut forests.” master’s in 1951) and eventually as a Master Teacher of English herself. So Getting to Vallombrosa was not it is fitting that a former student has easy. First, the Brownings had to stepped forward to provide a tribute obtain permission for the visit from to the legendary Miller in Armstrong the Archbishop of Florence and the Browning Library, the location of her Abbot-General. Then, the trip itself first campus office. was arduous—it involved sitting in a wine basket while being dragged up the An anonymous donor has begun the cliffs by oxen. At the top, the scenery process of dedicating a stained glass was all the Brownings had dreamed window in the Cox Reception Hall, on of, but disappointment awaited Barrett the ground floor of the library, to Miller. Browning. The monks of the monastery The Vallombrosa Window in ABL’s Cox Reception The hall is already home to five windows, could not be persuaded to allow a woman Hall will be dedicated to the late Ann Miller, a Baylor professor and former student of Dr. -
UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Bower of Books: Reading Children in Nineteenth-Century British Literature Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89q0q765 Author Browning, Catherine Cronquist Publication Date 2013 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Bower of Books: Reading Children in Nineteenth-Century British Literature By Catherine Cronquist Browning A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Ian Duncan, Chair Professor Catherine Gallagher Professor Paula Fass Fall 2013 Bower of Books: Reading Children in Nineteenth-Century British Literature © 2013 by Catherine Cronquist Browning Abstract Bower of Books: Reading Children in Nineteenth-Century British Literature by Catherine Cronquist Browning Doctor of Philosophy in English University of California, Berkeley Professor Ian Duncan, Chair Bower of Books: Reading Children in Nineteenth-Century British Literature analyzes the history of the child as a textual subject, particularly in the British Victorian period. Nineteenth-century literature develops an association between the reader and the child, linking the humanistic self- fashioning catalyzed by textual study to the educational development of children. I explore the function of the reading and readable child subject in four key Victorian genres, the educational treatise, the Bildungsroman, the child fantasy novel, and the autobiography. I argue that the literate children of nineteenth century prose narrative assert control over their self-definition by creatively misreading and assertively rewriting the narratives generated by adults. The early induction of Victorian children into the symbolic register of language provides an opportunity for them to constitute themselves, not as ingenuous neophytes, but as the inheritors of literary history and tradition. -
Romanticism and Evangelical Christianity in William Cowper's the at Sk Carol V
Eastern Illinois University The Keep Masters Theses Student Theses & Publications 1976 Romanticism and Evangelical Christianity in William Cowper's The aT sk Carol V. Johnson Eastern Illinois University This research is a product of the graduate program in English at Eastern Illinois University. Find out more about the program. Recommended Citation Johnson, Carol V., "Romanticism and Evangelical Christianity in William Cowper's The askT " (1976). Masters Theses. 3394. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/3394 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses & Publications at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ROMANTICISM AND EVANGELICAL CHRISTIANITY I N WILLIAM COWPER'S THE TASK (TITLE) BY CAROL V. JOHNSON B. A., Eastern I llinois University, 1975 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Master of Arts IN THE GRADUATE SCHOOL, EASTERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY CHARLESTON, ILLINOIS I HEREBY RECOMMEND THIS THESIS BE ACCEPTED AS FULFILLING THIS PART OF THE GRADUATE DEGREE CITED ABOVE DATE PAPER CERTIFICATE #2 TO: Graduate Degree Candidates who have wr i tten formal theses. SUBJECT: Permission to reproduce theses. • The University Library is receiving a number of requests from other institutions asking permission to repr oduc e dissertations for inclusion in their library hold ings . Although no copyright laws are involved, we feel that professional courtesy demands that permission be obtained from the author before we allow theses to be copied. Please sign one of the following statements: Booth Library of Eastern Illinois University has my permission to lend my thesis to a. -
Tom Brown's Schooldays and the Development of "Muscular Christianity" Author(S): William E
American Society of Church History Tom Brown's Schooldays and the Development of "Muscular Christianity" Author(s): William E. Winn Source: Church History, Vol. 29, No. 1 (Mar., 1960), pp. 64-73 Published by: Cambridge University Press on behalf of the American Society of Church History Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3161617 . Accessed: 24/07/2011 20:08 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at . http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=cup. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Cambridge University Press and American Society of Church History are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Church History. -
149 44583960-16E7-404F-A82c
Penguin Readers Factsheets l e v e l E T e a c h e r’s n o t e s 1 2 3 Black Beauty 4 5 by Anna Sewell 6 ELEMENTARY S U M M A R Y ublished in 1877, Black Beauty is one of literature’s for those in less fortunate circumstances. This also included P best-loved classics and is the only book that Anna the animals that shared their lives. In Victorian England, Sewell ever wrote. Four films of the book have been horses were used in industry, and were often treated badly. made, the most recent in 1994. Anna and her mother were appalled if they saw a horse being In the book, Black Beauty, a horse, tells the story of his life mistreated and often showed their disapproval to the horse’s in his own words. It is a story of how he was treated with owner. kindness and love when he was young, but how his When she was fourteen, Anna suffered a fall in which she treatment changed at the hands of different owners: some injured her knee. This never healed and left her unable to were kind and cared for him properly, but others were walk without the help of a crutch. Over the following years, careless or unkind, and this led to illness and injury. Black she became increasingly disabled. However, she learnt to Beauty spent his young life with his mother on Farmer Grey’s drive a horse-drawn carriage and took great pleasure in farm. -
BLACK BEAUTY by Anna SEWELL Illustrated by ^>:*00^^- CECIL ALDIN T
BLACK BEAUTY By anna SEWELL Illustrated by ^>:*00^^- CECIL ALDIN t ,>%, ^'^^^^::?-.. ^1 -I .^-- //I) jy^lA ^/// 7^/- JOHNA.SEAVERNS nrwHi /QJd ; f- BLACK BEAUTY As the sun was going down ... we stopped at the " principal hotel in the market place BLACK BEAUTY THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF A HORSE By ANNA SEWELL Illustrated by Eighteen Plates in Colour, specially drawn for this edition by CECIL ALDIN BOOTS THE CHEMISTS BRANCHES EVERYWHERE RECOMMENDED BY THE ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS Published by Jarrolds, Publishers^ London, Ltd. for Boots Pure Drug Co., Ltd., Nottingham and Printed by William Brendon & Son, Ltd. Plymouth CONTENTS CHAPTER vi CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE XXIV. Lady Anne, or a Runaway Horse 135 XXV. Reuben Smith 144 XXVI. How IT Ended 150 XXVII. Ruined, and going Downhill 154 XXVIII. A Job Horse and his Drivers 158 XXIX. Cockneys 164 XXX. A Thief 173 XXXI. A Humbug 177 XXXII. A Horse Fair 182 XXXIII. A London Cab Horse 188 XXXIV. An Old War Horse 194 XXXV. Jerry Barker 202 XXXVI. The Sunday Cab 211 XXXVII. The Golden Rule 218 XXXVIII. Dolly and a Real Gentleman 223 XXXIX. Seedy Sam 229 XL. Poor Ginger 235 XLI. The Butcher 238 XLII. The Election 243 XLIII. A Friend in Need 246 XLIV. Old Captain and His Successor 252 XLV. Jerry's New Year 259 XLVI. Jakes and the Lady 268 XLVII. Hard Times 274 XLVIII. Farmer Thoroughgood and His Grandson Willie . 281 XLIX. My Last Home 287 " LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS BY CECIL ALDIN "As THE SUN WAS GOING DOWN ... WE STOPPED AT THE PRINCIPAL HOTEL IN THE MARKET PLACE " Frontispiece PAGR " The first place that I can well remember, was a large pleasant MEADOW with A POND OF CLEAR WATER IN IT . -
The Development of Muscular Christianity in Victorian Britain and Beyond
ISSN: 1522-5658 http://moses.creighton.edu/JRS/2005/2005-2.html The Development of Muscular Christianity in Victorian Britain and Beyond Nick J. Watson York St. John’s College, University of Leeds Stuart Weir Christians in Sport, UK Stephen Friend York St. John’s College, University of Leeds Introduction [1] The development of Muscular Christianity in the second half of the nineteenth century has had a sustained impact on how Anglo-American Christians view the relationship between sport, physical fitness, and religion. It has been argued that the birth of Muscular Christianity in Victorian Britain forged a strong “. link between Christianity and sport” that “. has never been broken” (Crepeau: 2). The emergence of neo-muscular Christian groups during the latter half of the twentieth century (Putney) and the promotion of sport in Catholic institutions, such as the University of Notre Dame, can be seen as a direct consequence of Victorian Muscular Christianity. Modern Evangelical Protestant organizations, such as Christians in Sport (CIS) in England and the Fellowship of Christian Athletes (FCA) in the U.S., have resurrected many of the basic theological principles used to promote sport and physical fitness in Victorian Britain. [2] The basic premise of Victorian Muscular Christianity was that participation in sport could contribute to the development of Christian morality, physical fitness, and “manly” character. The term was first adopted in the 1850s to portray the characteristics of Charles Kingsley (1819- 1875) and Thomas Hughes’ (1822-1896) novels. Both Kingsley and Hughes were keen sportsmen and advocates of the strenuous life. Fishing, hunting, and camping were Kingsley’s favorite pastimes, which he saw as a “counterbalance” to “. -
Tfs 1.1 2015
VOL.1 No .1, 2015 Inside this issue Cache in the attic Mary Dr Belinda Burwell’s discovery of several rare English women writers Knowles: in a family library collection in Pennsylvania artist, abolitionist and poet Natasha Duquette, former visiting fellow, investigates A fascinating find R BELINDA BURWELL is accustomed to Boarding School (1798), a fascinating cross Secret note discovered in one of our portraits rescuing wild animals. The Founder between an epistolary novel and a conduct book. D and Director of a busy wildlife refuge How a woman writer in Virginia, USA, Belinda spends much of her This surprise stash unearthed by Belinda once time caring for injured and sick animals and belonged to a cousin of her father, Isabella brought inoculation releasing them back into the wild once their Cameron van Lennep, known as Belle, who to England recovery is complete. This year though, her was a descendant of a grand plantation family in rescue work has taken an unexpected turn: Virginia. Belle had polio as a child and walked salvaging long-forgotten books. with two canes. She married Jonhkeer Eric van Lennep, Dutch nobility, and they settled in Belinda’s father, Charles Lee Burwell, a great New York City. Belle must have been a keen bibliophile, saved every family book ever given reader and book collector and, having no heirs, to him, amassing a collection of some 10,000 she left her collection of books to Belinda’s books. Now at age 97, he cannot enjoy them all father Charles. and so asked the family to look through them deciding which ones to keep and which should Belinda has generously offered to donate this find a better home elsewhere. -
A Horse: Macdonald's Theodicy in at the Back of the North Wind
32 Stott This is (Not) a Horse: MacDonald’s Theodicy in At the Back of the North Wind G. St. John Stott I George MacDonald insisted in his essay “The Fantastic Imagination” that the meaning of a work should be evident to its readers. He did not mean by this that there was only one meaning to a text, or that the author’s intent in writing was privileged, but that if a reader could not make any sense of what was written and the author had to step in, something had gone wrong. Under such circumstances commentary was a mistake. As he noted, using a simple analogy, “[I]f I cannot draw a horse, I will not write THIS IS A HORSE under what I foolishly meant for one” (LP xii). We might remember this when we read in At the Back of the North Wind (1871) a conversation between what might (or might not be) two cab horses: Diamond and Ruby. It is a puzzling scene which MacDonald refuses to make clear. Cab horse conversations can be easy to understand. In Anna Sewell’s Black Beauty (1877), a work that was perhaps written as a response to At the Back of the North Wind,1 the eponymous Beauty discusses with Captain (a former army horse) the latter’s experiences in the Crimea: I said, ‘I have heard people talk about war as if it was a very fine thing.’ ‘Ah!’ said he, ‘I should think they never saw it. No doubt it is very fine when there is no enemy, when it is just exercise and parade and sham fight. -
The Spiritual Impact of the Religious Tract Society
THE SPIRITUAL IMPACT OF THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY. A Preliminary Survey of the History of the Religious Tract Society, Founded in London, 1799, and of its Spiritual Impact. Introduction. Good quality literature has always been an important feature in the strength and propagation of heart-felt Christianity since the invention of printing in Europe, and there have been certain special times when literature has played an outstanding role in the life of the Church. For example, the impact of Martin Luther in Germany was greatly increased by the spread of his various writings, and especially by his translation of the New Testament in the vernacular. Professor Lindsay says that the “Reformation movement may almost be said to have created the German book trade.” 1 The number of books which were published in Germany before 1518 was very few, and they were not of any great importance. From 1518 to 1521 there was a sudden increase which was created by Luther almost alone, mainly in the form of sermons, tracts and controversial writings. After that he had many disciples, who also wrote and published, and the total figures increased steeply. Luther’s translation of the New Testament appeared in September, 1522. The translation had been completed in only eleven weeks. Other translations had previously been made by other people, all based upon Saint Jerome’s Latin Vulgate. But in 1516, Erasmus had published a Greek New Testament, and Luther used this, translating it into the official German of the Saxon chancery, rather than into his own colloquial Saxon dialect. In this way “he helped create a standard German for all Germany.” Five thousand copies were sold in two months, and two hundred thousand copies in twelve years.