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Bradbourne Lakes, Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey 2 March 2019 2 Methods Bradbourne Lakes Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey Prepared by LUC March 2019 Planning & EIA LUC LONDON Offices also in: Land Use Consultants Ltd Registered in England Design 43 Chalton Street Bristol Registered number: 2549296 Landscape Planning London Edinburgh Registered Office: Landscape Management NW1 1JD Glasgow 43 Chalton Street Ecology T +44 (0)20 7383 5784 Lancaster London NW1 1JD FS 566056 EMS 566057 LUC uses 100% recycled paper GIS & Visualisation [email protected] Manchester Project Title: Bradbourne Lakes Client: Sevenoaks District Council Version Date Version Details Prepared by Checked by Approved by 1.0 19/03/2019 Issue 1 Mungo Nash Amy Coleman David Green Contents 1 Introduction 2 Site Description 2 Policy and Legislation Considerations 2 2 Methods 3 Desk Study 3 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey 3 Limitations and Constraints 4 3 Results 5 Desk Study 5 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey 12 Invasive Species 13 Bats 14 Badger 14 Birds 14 Reptiles 15 Great Crested Newt 15 4 Discussion 16 Designated Sites 16 Habitats 16 Invasive Species 19 Bats 19 Badger 20 Birds 20 Reptiles 21 Great Crested Newt 22 Appendix 1 23 Policy and Legislation 23 Appendix 2 27 Figure 3.1 – Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey Map 27 Appendix 3 29 Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey – Target Notes 29 Tables Table 3.1 Desk Study – Designated Sites 5 Table 3.2 Desk Study – Relevant Species Records 6 1 Introduction 1.1 In February 2018, LUC was appointed by Sevenoaks District Council to develop landscape proposals at Bradbourne Lakes in Sevenoaks, hereafter known as the ‘Site’. 1.2 To date work conducted by LUC includes production of an initial landscape design vision proposals, which provides outline proposals for the Site. These comprise naturalised areas in the north and south, designated play and picnic areas, seating areas and water play equipment, park buildings, open areas of grassland for events use and lake improvements (comprising dredging, bank stabilisation and vegetated lake edges). Full details of the outline proposals are reported within the Vision Plan1. 1.3 This report presents the findings of the Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey, which was required to inform the developing design proposals, including highlighting further survey requirements, potential mitigation and broad recommendations for ecological enhancements. 1.4 This report has been prepared for the exclusive use of Sevenoaks District Council. No part of this report should be considered as legal advice. Site Description 1.5 The Site is a quiet local park situated 2km north west of Sevenoaks town centre. It comprises five ornamental lakes and amenity parkland with scattered trees and dense woodland vegetation. The Site covers approximately 3.5 hectares, and is severed into two sections by Betenson Avenue. The Site is bounded by Bradbourne Vale Road to the north and residential gardens to the east, west and south. Policy and Legislation Considerations 1.6 The appraisal has been prepared in accordance with relevant legislation and policy. Further detail is provided in Appendix 1, however the primary documents are of relevance: • The Wildlife and Countryside Act of 1981 (as amended); • The Countryside and Rights of Way Act (CRoW Act), 2000 (as amended); • The Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act (NERC Act), 2006; • The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017; • The Protection of Badgers Act 1992; • The National Planning Policy Framework (DCLG 2018); and • Sevenoaks Core Strategy 2011. 1 Bradbourne Lakes – A Vision for the Future. LUC. August 2018. Bradbourne Lakes, Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey 2 March 2019 2 Methods 2.1 The methods adopted are outlined below. They accord with the best practice guidance documents for survey and appraisal produced by the Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management2 and the British Standards Institute3. Desk Study 2.2 To provide additional background to the appraisal and to highlight likely features or species groups of interest, a study of available biological records was undertaken to identify sites designated for their nature conservation value, and existing records of protected or notable species of relevance A search of the following resources was undertaken, within a 1km radius from the Site: • Kent and Medway Biological Records Centre; • Multi-Agency Geographical Information for the Countryside (MAGIC); • Ordnance Survey (OS) mapping; and • Aerial photography. 2.3 The absence of a species from biological records cannot be taken to represent actual absence. Species distribution patterns should be interpreted with caution as they may reflect survey/reporting effort rather than actual distribution. Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey 2.4 A Phase 1 Habitat Survey was undertaken within boundaries of the Site in line with standard methods4. 2.5 Phase 1 Habitat Survey provides a rapid means of classifying broad habitat types in any given terrestrial site. 2.6 The survey also considered the suitability of the Site to support notable or protected flora or fauna. Species considered included those identified during the desk study, or those considered appropriate by the surveyor during the survey. Detailed surveys were not completed for these species; however, based on an understanding of species ecology, consideration was given to the potential of the Site to provide sheltering or foraging habitat and/or connectivity to allow dispersal between populations. Further information is provided in the ‘Results’ section below. 2.7 The survey was undertaken on the 29th of January 2019 by Mungo Nash GradCIEEM. Weather conditions during the survey were cold and overcast with a light breeze. 2 Survey guidance is available at http://www.cieem.net/sources-of-survey-methods-sosm- and appraisal guidance is available at http://www.cieem.net/guidance-on-preliminary-ecological-appraisal-gpea-. 3 British Standards Institute (2013). BS42020:2013 Biodiversity – Code of Practice for Planning and Development. 4 Joint Nature Conservation Committee (1990). Handbook for Phase 1 Habitat Survey. JNCC, Peterborough. Bradbourne Lakes, Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey 3 March 2019 Limitations and Constraints General 2.8 It is important to note that ecological surveys provide information regarding the ecological baseline of a site for only a ‘snapshot’ of time. Therefore, if significant time lapses between the surveys and the further development or implementation of proposals updated ecological surveys may be required to identify any change in the baseline, such as natural succession of habitats, or local extinction or colonisation of species. Ecological surveys can generally be considered as up to date for 1 to 3 years dependent on the nature of the site, ecological baseline, proposals and likely impact. Therefore if a year lapses between the progressions of development proposals, it is recommended that ecological advice is sought regarding the applicability of the survey findings. Invasive Species 2.9 As the Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey was conducted at a sub-optimal time for identifying plant species there were seasonal constraints identifying invasive plants on Site (e.g. Japanese knotweed / giant hogweed). Therefore presence / absence of invasive species cannot be determined with high levels of confidence on the basis of this survey. If a full survey for invasive species is required to inform further works, it is recommended that this occurs between the optimal period of May – September to provide full confidence in the survey. Bradbourne Lakes, Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey 4 March 2019 3 Results Desk Study 3.1 The findings of the desk study are presented in the Tables 3.1 and 3.2 below. These tables list designated sites and relevant protected and notable species which have been recorded within a 1km search radius from the Site boundary. Table 3.1 Desk Study – Designated Sites Name of Site Designation Description Distance from site Non-Statutory Sites Sevenoaks Gravel Pit Site of Special Sevenoaks Gravel Pit, now flooded and fed by 120m north Scientific Interest the River Darenth, is noted for its assemblage (SSSI) of breeding and wintering birds. The most numerous breeding species include Canada geese Branta canadensis, greylag geese Anser anser, mallard Anas platyrhynchos and tufted duck Aythya fuligula. Other breeding species including the great-crested grebe Podiceps cristatus, kingfisher Alcedo atthis, moorhen Gallinula chloropus and coot Fulica atra. Wintering and passage wildfowl include pochard Aythya ferina, shelduck Tadorna tadorna, teal Anas crecca and shoveler Spatula clypeata. Passage waders are also attracted including greenshank Tringa nebularia and green sandpiper Bartramia longicauda. The uncommon little ringed plover Charadrius dubius is a regular breeding species here. There is also a large rookery and the site also supports one of the few significant colonies of sand martins Riparia riparia in West Kent. Botanical and entomological interest of the site is limited, however is noted as developing. Thirteen species of dragonfly are present including the locally-distributed downy-emerald dragonfly Cordulia aenea. Plants of note include small cud-weed Filago minima, dwarf elder Sambucus ebulus, and slender bird's-foot trefoil Lotus angustissimus. Bradbourne Lakes, Extended Phase 1 Habitat Survey 5 March 2019 Table 3.2 Desk Study – Relevant Species Records Taxon Name Protection/Designation Distance and Orientation of Latest Record from Site Plants White Helleborine Convention on International Trade in N/A Cephalanthera
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