The Life and Work of Gloria Anzaldúa: an Intellectual Biography
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University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--Hispanic Studies Hispanic Studies 2012 THE LIFE AND WORK OF GLORIA ANZALDÚA: AN INTELLECTUAL BIOGRAPHY Elizabeth Anne Dahms University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Dahms, Elizabeth Anne, "THE LIFE AND WORK OF GLORIA ANZALDÚA: AN INTELLECTUAL BIOGRAPHY" (2012). Theses and Dissertations--Hispanic Studies. 6. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/hisp_etds/6 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Hispanic Studies at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--Hispanic Studies by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. 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Elizabeth Anne Dahms, Student Dr. Susan Carvalho, Major Professor Dr. Susan Larson, Director of Graduate Studies THE LIFE AND WORK OF GLORIA ANZALDÚA: AN INTELLECTUAL BIOGRAPHY ____________________________________ DISSERTATION ____________________________________ A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Kentucky By Elizabeth Anne Dahms Lexington, Kentucky Director: Dr. Susan Carvalho, Professor of Hispanic Studies Lexington, Kentucky 2012 Copyright © Elizabeth Anne Dahms 2012 ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION THE LIFE AND WORK OF GLORIA ANZALDÚA: AN INTELLECTUAL BIOGRAPHY The writings and life of Gloria Evangelina Anzaldúa (1942-2004) have had an immense impact in a variety of disciplines. Her oft-cited text Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza (1987) is included in many university courses’ reading lists for its contributions to discourses of hybridity, linguistics, intersectionality and women of color feminism, among others. Unfortunately, most scholars content themselves with the intricacies of Borderlands to the neglect of her corpus of work, which includes essays, books, edited volumes, children’s literature and fiction/autohistorias. This analysis presented here wishes to expand our understandings of Anzaldúa’s work by engaging with her pre- and post-Borderlands writings in an attempt to highlight the unrecognized contributions Anzaldúa offers to feminist theory, spirituality, spiritual activism, queer theory, expansive ideas of queerness and an articulation of alternative, non-Western epistemology. This project offers close readings of published and archival Anzaldúan text and draws parallels between her life and her writing. KEYWORDS: Gloria Anzaldúa, Spiritual Activism, Queerness, Queer Theory, Epistemology Elizabeth Dahms Student’s Signature May 3, 2012 Date THE LIFE AND WORK OF GLORIA ANZALDÚA: AN INTELLECTUAL BIOGRAPHY By Elizabeth Anne Dahms Susan Carvalho Dr. Susan Carvalho Susan Larson Dr. Susan Larson May 3, 2012 Date For Joyce Metz, who showed compassion and changed my educational track For my girls ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible without the incredible support and hard work of my Director Dr. Susan Carvalho. I am profoundly grateful for her careful and timely insights, meticulous editing, and continued encouragement. I also want to thank my dissertation committee, Drs. Susan Larson, Yanira Paz, Cristina Alcalde and Carol Mason, for their time, effort, and participation in this project. The collective contributions of this committed group of faculty members have played an essential role in helping to nurture both my scholarship and my spirit. I also want to thank AnaLouise Keating for her academic generosity. I want to also recognize the generosity of the University of Kentucky Graduate School, which enabled me to travel to the Gloria Anzaldúa Archives at the Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Library at the University of Texas, Austin in August 2011 and pursue this research. Without the support of the Graduate School, the Department of Hispanic Studies and the Gender and Women’s Studies Department Bonnie Jean Cox Award, I would not have had the opportunities to develop this work at conferences and network with scholars in the field. I am also grateful to my colleague Jeff Zamostny for his model of academic rigor and generosity. In addition to the professional support that helped to see this project come to fruition, it could not have happened without the help and support of my family. Their wide-ranging support, both material and emotional, during the writing of this dissertation was an essential contribution to its completion. Finally, I want to extend my deepest gratitude to Tori who exercised extreme patience and tireless understanding for my need for time and space to complete this project. And to our daughters, Willa and Sudi, who tolerated my absence. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................. iii List of Figures ..................................................................................................................... vi Chapter One: Introduction: Gloria Anzaldúa: Always on the Other Side .......................... 1 Brief Biography..................................................................................................... 12 Anzaldúa’s Contributions in Borderlands/La Frontera ....................................... 15 Anzaldúa’s Legacy................................................................................................ 16 Why Anzaldúa?..................................................................................................... 20 Chapter Two: Shamanic Urgency and Two-Way Movement as Writing Style in the Works of Gloria Anzaldúa .......................................................................................... 26 Queer as Shaman................................................................................................... 36 A note on terminology .......................................................................................... 39 Marked at Birth ..................................................................................................... 42 Risking the Personal ............................................................................................. 49 The Quest: Writing as Shamanic Pilgrimage ........................................................ 51 Shamanic reconstruction ....................................................................................... 63 Feeding the body ................................................................................................... 70 Writing in the Night: “wounding is a deeper healing” ......................................... 74 Flying .................................................................................................................... 80 El Mundo Zurdo: The Path to Healing ................................................................. 84 Chapter Three: “You make the inner changes first, and then you make the outer changes”: Queerness, Spiritual Activism and Other ‘Unsafe’ Border Crossings ....... 92 Expanding: An Introduction ................................................................................. 92 Overview of Mainstream Queer Theory and Hames-García’s Counter- Genealogy ....................................................................................................... 95 Terminology.......................................................................................................... 98 Gloria Anzaldúa as Queer Writer AND Queer Theorist..................................... 100 Surveying the Queer Landscape of Anzaldúan scholarship ............................... 109 Shamanism and Spiritual Activism..................................................................... 116 Queer Theory in “El Paisano is a bird of good omen” ....................................... 119 Queerer than homosexual.................................................................................... 128 Compulsory Heterosexuality Highlights Difference .........................................