DOCSLIB.ORG

A STUDY of the BRYOZOA of BEAUFORT, NORTH CAROLINA, and VICINITY Author(S): Frank J

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A STUDY of the BRYOZOA of BEAUFORT, NORTH CAROLINA, and VICINITY Author(S): Frank J A STUDY OF THE BRYOZOA OF BEAUFORT, NORTH CAROLINA, AND VICINITY Author(s): Frank J. S. Maturo, Jr. Source: Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society , May 1957, Vol. 73, No. 1 (May 1957), pp. 11-68 Published by: North Carolina Academy of Sciences, Inc. Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24333918 JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society This content downloaded from 86.59.13.237 on Tue, 06 Jul 2021 10:21:00 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms A STUDY OF THE BRYOZOA OF BEAUFORT, NORTH CAROLINA, AND VICINITY1 By Frank J. S. Maturo, Jr. Department of Zoology, Duke University, Durham, N. C. and Duke Marine Laboratory, Beaufort, N. C. Among the host of invertebrates which make up the fouling complex in the sea, the Bryozoa are probably second only to hydroids in the number of species involved. Experiments in recent years have revealed this group as one of the most conspicuous and prevalent components of test surface populations. Yet conspicuous gaps in the recorded distribution of many species occur for want of sufficient faunistic studies. Along the Atlantic coast of North America almost nothing is known about these animals from Chesapeake Bay to the southern tip of Florida and the West Indies. In view of the lack of information on this group the present study was under taken to discover what bryozoans occur in the vicinity of Beaufort, North Caro lina, how they are locally distributed, and their substrate preferences. A sub sequent report will consider their temporal or seasonal distribution, spatial dis tribution, reproductive periods and rates, and the role of environmental factors as related to these. General description of the Beaufort area.—The Beaufort area has figured promi nently in marine biological studies during the last fifty years as a result of the investigations at three marine laboratories there. The suitability of the region for such studies becomes obvious when one considers the wealth of fauna and flora available because of its geographical location and topography. It has been found by numerous workers that the region, which is intermediate between Woods Hole and Florida, is the southern limit along the Atlantic coast for many northern forms and the northern limit for a host of southern species. Historically, the Beaufort region includes not only the immediate inshore areas around Beaufort, North Carolina, but also waters offshore to the Gulf Stream, east to Cape Lookout, and west or southwest to New River Inlet or to Cape Fear. The coast follows a general east-west direction with the Gulf Stream lying about thirty miles offshore. The coastline is separated by offshore islands or outer banks from the ocean proper so that numerous sounds and estuaries are inclosed. The bar-built estuaries and sounds are considered somewhat positive, that is, they possess a measurable dilution of sea water by river water, the mix ing primarily a result of tidal action coupled with a large effect of wind in shal low water. The bottom is composed of mud, sand, and shells, varying from place to place, and extensive marshes, shoals, and oyster reefs are scattered throughout the area. The man-made rock jetties and harbor works, in addition to the shell bottoms, afford excellent habitats for Bryozoa. About 21 miles offshore in 13 to 15 fathoms of water is an extensive series of reefs or "fishing banks." The main bank, as reported by Radcliffe (1914) from 1 Cost of publication partially defrayed by a subsidy from Duke University. 11 This content downloaded from 86.59.13.237 on Tue, 06 Jul 2021 10:21:00 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 12 Journal of the Mitchell Society [May a survey conducted by the U. S. Fisheries Steamer Fish Hawk, lies in Lat. 34° 19' N., Long. 76° 59' W., and is the largest reef known on the coast. The fauna and flora of these reefs which have been reported from a few meager collections are tropical forms, much the same as in the West Indies. Between the "fishing banks" and the outer banks is a veritable desert as far as bryozoans are con cerned, because the bottom type is only sand, and offers no suitable substrate. However, great masses of seaweed which support a bryozoan fauna are found in this area, carried there by currents from the "fishing banks" and other regions. Thorough reports on the environmental conditions at Beaufort may be found in papers by Hoyt (1920), Gutsell (1930), McDougall (1943), and others. Bryozoan studies on the Atlantic Coast.—Perhaps no area on our Atlantic coast has been studied as thoroughly as the Woods Hole region. Osburn (1912b) has done the major part of the work there and has reviewed studies on Bryozoa of the Atlantic coast up to that time. Later, Osburn (1933) made a survey of the bryozoans of Mount Desert Island, Maine. Rogick has been responsible for most new records from Woods Hole. The works of Hutchins (1945) on Long Island Sound, and Osburn (1932b, 1944) at Chesapeake Bay, complete studies on Bryozoa to the north of Beaufort. Smitt (1872-1873) prepared the earliest important work in the Florida region, his studies being confined primarily to deep water forms. Osburn reported on the bryozoans of the Tortugas Islands (1914), Curacao and the southern Caribbean Sea (1927, 1947), and Puerto Rico (1940). Canu and Bassler (1928) reported the species found in the Gulf of Mexico region. Mention should also be made of a series of papers by Verrill from 1900 to 1902 on the fauna of Bermuda. Studies by Marcus since 1937 have contributed a wealth of information on species found in Brazilian waters. In the Beaufort area, the first records of Bryozoa are those of 17 species re ported by Verrill (1878) in a study of the natural history of Fort Macon, North Carolina, and vicinity, by Coues and Yarrow. Osburn has mentioned a number of species in the area at various times in his reports on other localities. Most of his specimens were collected on the "fishing banks." The seasonal study of McDougall (1943) lists eight species, while the faunistic report of Pearse and Williams (1951) records 24 species from reefs off New River Inlet, North Caro lina. Methods and Materials.—An attempt was made to cover as many ecologi cal situations as possible at various seasons over a two-year period. Bryozoan specimens were collected from shells, rocks, pilings, experimental racks, sub merged debris, and algae which were found around Beaufort, and at Shackle ford, Fort Macon, and Shark Shoal jetties and beaches (see map). Extensive dredgings in the various sounds and Newport River estuary as well as several dredgings and trawlings offshore were made. The most productive source of ma terial was from shells dredged from Bogue Sound in front of Morehead City Port Terminal. A record book was kept in which each collection was catalogued together with habitat information, identifications, and memoranda on particular specimens. This content downloaded from 86.59.13.237 on Tue, 06 Jul 2021 10:21:00 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 1957] Bryozoa of Beaufort, North Carolina 13 IF "'-«VA/ .·< 'Χ^ λ, «*.·ν.. ^ %*V«. |f·^· r ,,ä· ss ig * A ' '' "^pivers^"^^'^'^AUFORT 'ä 1 .;,·,·.% BOGUE SOUND QU. \ \ /v^ÄJ^N *. ««"<| · .' -.^ν:·:··.·νη<^^, SHARK SHOAL 'i"'-':\.:> ' -*«■. .IFTTY ·.·. · ·. '■>. Ii.'· .,·...si BOGUEB06UE BANKSBANKS E3ESa3SBSS®B5E^^ ivy i-;^: v. ^; v!>' J^k:· ■«if ; T' BEAUFORT INLET V βΑΝΚίBANKS J Map of Beaufort, North Carolina, and vicinity, with notations on the bottom types. This content downloaded from 86.59.13.237 on Tue, 06 Jul 2021 10:21:00 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 14 Journal of the Mitchell Society [May Specimens were preserved in 70 per cent alcohol for study. In addition, samples of calcareous species were "calcined" for study by the process outlined by Rogick (1945a) or treated with Javelle water as described by Bassler (1953). Whenever possible, living material was studied as well as the preserved material. Occa sionally, a dilute solution of neutral red was used to stain lightly both living and preserved material in order to bring out features of taxonomic importance. The bryozoans were examined under a binocular microscope, and drawings were prepared with the aid of the camera lucida. The author is indebted to the late Dr. R. C. Osburn for the loan of additional Beaufort specimens from his personal collection, his identification of a number of specimens, and for the confirmation of the entire collection. Thanks are ex tended to Dr. C. G. Bookhout for placing the many facilities of the Duke Uni versity Marine Laboratory at the writer's disposal, to the North Carolina Insti tute of Fisheries Research for use of necessary equipment, and to Dr. F. A. Chace, Jr., for making available the collections of the U. S. National Museum. Results.—The classification followed below has been adapted primarily from the recent monograph by Osburn (1950-1953) on the Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of North America. The group is herein considered two phyla, the Bryozoa or Ectoprocta and the Entoprocta, according to the studies of Hyman (1951).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology Subtropical Epibenthos Varies with Location, Reef Type, and Grazing Intensity
    Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 509 (2018) 54–65 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jembe Subtropical epibenthos varies with location, reef type, and grazing intensity T ⁎ Kara R. Wall , Christopher D. Stallings College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 7th Ave, St Petersburg, FL 33705, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Composition of marine epibenthic communities are influenced by both physical and biotic processes. For in- West Florida Shelf stance, the larval supply and cues that influence colonization (physical), as well as the growth and mortality of Coral individuals (biotoic), may differ across location and reef type. Determining the relative influence of these pro- Warm temperate cesses is important to understanding how epibenthic communities can develop in a region. Using both a partial Fouling caging experiment that controlled grazing by urchins and in situ photographic surveys of epibenthic commu- Habitat heterogeneity Settlement nities, this study examined the relationship between urchin grazing and the composition of epibenthos on natural limestone and artificial reefs in the eastern Gulf of Mexico (eGOM). In the experiment, tiles that were open to urchin grazing had lower percent cover of algae (−12%) and higher cover of crustose coralline algae (CCA) (13%) than those that excluded urchins. Patterns in tile cover were likely the result of CCA either resisting grazing mortality or recolonizing exposed areas after algae were removed. Variation in colonization was ob- served between inshore and offshore reef groups. Urchin density was positively correlated with the structural complexity of the habitats, which was higher on artificial reefs than natural ones, a factor that potentially had important effects on several observed patterns.
    [Show full text]
  • South Carolina Department of Natural Resources
    FOREWORD Abundant fish and wildlife, unbroken coastal vistas, miles of scenic rivers, swamps and mountains open to exploration, and well-tended forests and fields…these resources enhance the quality of life that makes South Carolina a place people want to call home. We know our state’s natural resources are a primary reason that individuals and businesses choose to locate here. They are drawn to the high quality natural resources that South Carolinians love and appreciate. The quality of our state’s natural resources is no accident. It is the result of hard work and sound stewardship on the part of many citizens and agencies. The 20th century brought many changes to South Carolina; some of these changes had devastating results to the land. However, people rose to the challenge of restoring our resources. Over the past several decades, deer, wood duck and wild turkey populations have been restored, striped bass populations have recovered, the bald eagle has returned and more than half a million acres of wildlife habitat has been conserved. We in South Carolina are particularly proud of our accomplishments as we prepare to celebrate, in 2006, the 100th anniversary of game and fish law enforcement and management by the state of South Carolina. Since its inception, the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) has undergone several reorganizations and name changes; however, more has changed in this state than the department’s name. According to the US Census Bureau, the South Carolina’s population has almost doubled since 1950 and the majority of our citizens now live in urban areas.
    [Show full text]
  • An Invitation to Monitor Georgia's Coastal Wetlands
    An Invitation to Monitor Georgia’s Coastal Wetlands www.shellfish.uga.edu By Mary Sweeney-Reeves, Dr. Alan Power, & Ellie Covington First Printing 2003, Second Printing 2006, Copyright University of Georgia “This book was prepared by Mary Sweeney-Reeves, Dr. Alan Power, and Ellie Covington under an award from the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of OCRM and NOAA.” 2 Acknowledgements Funding for the development of the Coastal Georgia Adopt-A-Wetland Program was provided by a NOAA Coastal Incentive Grant, awarded under the Georgia Department of Natural Resources Coastal Zone Management Program (UGA Grant # 27 31 RE 337130). The Coastal Georgia Adopt-A-Wetland Program owes much of its success to the support, experience, and contributions of the following individuals: Dr. Randal Walker, Marie Scoggins, Dodie Thompson, Edith Schmidt, John Crawford, Dr. Mare Timmons, Marcy Mitchell, Pete Schlein, Sue Finkle, Jenny Makosky, Natasha Wampler, Molly Russell, Rebecca Green, and Jeanette Henderson (University of Georgia Marine Extension Service); Courtney Power (Chatham County Savannah Metropolitan Planning Commission); Dr. Joe Richardson (Savannah State University); Dr. Chandra Franklin (Savannah State University); Dr. Dionne Hoskins (NOAA); Dr. Charles Belin (Armstrong Atlantic University); Dr. Merryl Alber (University of Georgia); (Dr. Mac Rawson (Georgia Sea Grant College Program); Harold Harbert, Kim Morris-Zarneke, and Michele Droszcz (Georgia Adopt-A-Stream); Dorset Hurley and Aimee Gaddis (Sapelo Island National Estuarine Research Reserve); Dr. Charra Sweeney-Reeves (All About Pets); Captain Judy Helmey (Miss Judy Charters); Jan Mackinnon and Jill Huntington (Georgia Department of Natural Resources).
    [Show full text]
  • Volume III of This Document)
    4.1.3 Coastal Migratory Pelagics Description and Distribution (from CMP Am 15) The coastal migratory pelagics management unit includes cero (Scomberomous regalis), cobia (Rachycentron canadum), king mackerel (Scomberomous cavalla), Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus maculatus) and little tunny (Euthynnus alleterattus). The mackerels and tuna in this management unit are often referred to as ―scombrids.‖ The family Scombridae includes tunas, mackerels and bonitos. They are among the most important commercial and sport fishes. The habitat of adults in the coastal pelagic management unit is the coastal waters out to the edge of the continental shelf in the Atlantic Ocean. Within the area, the occurrence of coastal migratory pelagic species is governed by temperature and salinity. All species are seldom found in water temperatures less than 20°C. Salinity preference varies, but these species generally prefer high salinity. The scombrids prefer high salinities, but less than 36 ppt. Salinity preference of little tunny and cobia is not well defined. The larval habitat of all species in the coastal pelagic management unit is the water column. Within the spawning area, eggs and larvae are concentrated in the surface waters. (from PH draft Mackerel Am. 18) King Mackerel King mackerel is a marine pelagic species that is found throughout the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea and along the western Atlantic from the Gulf of Maine to Brazil and from the shore to 200 meter depths. Adults are known to spawn in areas of low turbidity, with salinity and temperatures of approximately 30 ppt and 27°C, respectively. There are major spawning areas off Louisiana and Texas in the Gulf (McEachran and Finucane 1979); and off the Carolinas, Cape Canaveral, and Miami in the western Atlantic (Wollam 1970; Schekter 1971; Mayo 1973).
    [Show full text]
  • Mitogenomic Phylogenetic Analyses of Leptogorgia Virgulata And
    Received: 22 July 2019 | Revised: 25 October 2019 | Accepted: 28 October 2019 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5847 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Mitogenomic phylogenetic analyses of Leptogorgia virgulata and Leptogorgia hebes (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the Gulf of Mexico provides insight on Gorgoniidae divergence between Pacific and Atlantic lineages Samantha Silvestri | Diego F. Figueroa | David Hicks | Nicole J. Figueroa School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Abstract Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA The use of genetics in recent years has brought to light the need to reevaluate the Correspondence classification of many gorgonian octocorals. This study focuses on two Leptogorgia Diego F. Figueroa, School of Earth, species—Leptogorgia virgulata and Leptogorgia hebes—from the northwestern Gulf of Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, One Mexico (GOM). We target complete mitochondrial genomes and mtMutS sequences, West University Boulevard, Brownsville, TX and integrate this data with previous genetic research of gorgonian corals to resolve 78520, USA. Email: [email protected] phylogenetic relationships and estimate divergence times. This study contributes the first complete mitochondrial genomes for L. ptogorgia virgulata and L. hebes. Our re- Funding information TPWD-ARP, Grant/Award Number: 475342; sulting phylogenies stress the need to redefine the taxonomy of the genus Leptogorgia University of Texas Rio Grande Valley; in its entirety. The fossil-calibrated divergence times for Eastern Pacific and Western Gulf Research Program of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, Atlantic Leptogorgia species based on complete mitochondrial genomes shows that and Medicine, Grant/Award Number: the use of multiple genes results in estimates of more recent speciation events than 2000007266; National Sea Grant Office, National Oceanic and Atmospheric previous research based on single genes.
    [Show full text]
  • Secondary Production of Gorgonian Corals in the Northern Gulf of Mexico
    MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 87: 275-281,1992 Published October 19 Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. - Secondary production of gorgonian corals in the northern Gulf of Mexico Naomi D. Mitchelll, Michael R. ~ardeau~,William W. Schroederl, Arthur C. ~enke~ Marine Science Program, The University of Alabama. PO Box 369, Dauphin Island. Alabama 36528. USA Marine Environmental Sciences Consortium. Dauphin Island Sea Lab, PO Box 369. Dauphin Island, Alabama 36528, USA Department of Biology, The University of Alabama, Box 870344, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0344, USA ABSTRACT: Gorgonians are the most conspicuous sessile macroinvertebrates at many hard-substrate sites in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Colonies from 3 sites, an isolated limestone outcropping at less than 2 m depth off coastal Florida (USA) and 2 exposed shelly sandstone and sandy rnudstone carbonate areas at depths of 22 and 27 m on the inner shelf off Alabama (USA), were sampled to estimate secondary production. Maximum colony ages ranged from 5 to 10 yr. Tissue mass for each age class was estimated from determinations of coenenchyme thickness and colony surface area. Secondary production was estimated from colony densities, age distribution, biomass per age class, and the increase in colony biornass between age classes. Production estimates for Leptogorgia hebes at the 2 offshore sites were 2.3 and 6.8 g ash-free dry mass (AFDM) yr-' while production of L. virgulata at the inshore site was 10.5 g AFDM m-2 yr-l, values similar to those reported for tropical scleractinian corals. Annual production-to-biomass ratios ranged from 0.37 to 0.45, indicating similar turnover times at all northern Gulf sites.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of Microbial Community Structure in the Octocoral Leptogorgia Virgulata Blair E
    University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Honors Theses Student Research 4-1-2011 Characterization of microbial community structure in the octocoral Leptogorgia virgulata Blair E. Armistead Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.richmond.edu/honors-theses Recommended Citation Armistead, Blair E., "Characterization of microbial community structure in the octocoral Leptogorgia virgulata" (2011). Honors Theses. Paper 110. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Characterization of Microbial Community Structure in the Octocoral Leptogorgia virgulata by Blair E. Armistead Honors Thesis in Department of Biology University of Richmond Richmond, VA April 28, 2011 Advisor: Roni Kingsley, PhD This thesis has been accepted as part of the honors requirements in the Department of Biology. _____________________________________ ____________________ (advisor signature) (date) _____________________________________ ____________________ (reader signature) (date) 1 Abstract The process of spicule formation in L. virgulata results in a drop in pH, which, if left unregulated, could lead to demineralization and subsequent animal death. Carbonic anhydrase has been suggested as a possible pH regulatory mechanism in L. virgulata tissues. This study focuses on an additional hypothetical mechanism of pH regulation involving the production of urease by endosymbiotic bacteria living within L. virgulata tissue. PCR and DGGE are used as culture-independent methods to characterize facets of microbial community structure on L. virgulata in order to identify one or many urease-producing endosymbionts. DGGE analysis shows high diversity among the microbial community within L.
    [Show full text]
  • Invertebrates Associated with Gorgonians in the Northern Gulf of Mexico Mary K
    Marine Biodiversity Records, page 1 of 9. # Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 2011 doi:10.1017/S1755267211000741; Vol. 4; e79; 2011 Published online Invertebrates associated with gorgonians in the northern Gulf of Mexico mary k. wicksten1 and carol cox2 1Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3258, USA, 2202 Coral Drive, Port Saint Joe, Florida 32456, USA The shrimps Neopontonides chacei, Tozeuma serratum and Periclimenes iridescens, a barnacle (Conopea galeata), two species of gastropods (Ovulidae) and the oyster Pteria colymbus live on Leptogorgia spp. in the northern Gulf of Mexico. For each species and related species in the area, we give records and notes on coloration and behaviour. Keywords: Gorgonacea, Leptogorgia, Gulf of Mexico, Caridea, Mollusca, Conopea, Ovulidae Submitted 29 March 2011; accepted 11 July 2011 INTRODUCTION provides an opportunity to study the gorgonian-associated fauna at close range. Caridean shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea), especially members of The sea-floor in north-western Florida is mostly sandy, the family Palaemonidae, include many species that associate with a few natural limestone reefs occurring off Mexico with larger colonial invertebrates. Unlike in the Florida Keys Beach, Destin and Panama City. In 1997, the Mexico Beach and in the Caribbean Sea, SCUBA divers rarely see gorgonians Artificial Reef Association (MBARA) began installing old (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Gorgonacea) in shallow waters (30 m or pipes, derelict ships, concrete rubble and fabricated concrete less) in the northern Gulf of Mexico (from 258N northward). artificial reef systems to provide habitat for snappers (family Studies by a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) at the Flower Lutjanidae) and other fish.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Structure of Shallow Water Alcyonacea (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the Southern Tropical Eastern Pacific
    Ecol Res DOI 10.1007/s11284-018-1567-3 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Sascha C. C. Steiner • Bernhard Riegl Antonella Lavorato • Jenny Rodrı´guez Community structure of shallow water Alcyonacea (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the southern Tropical Eastern Pacific Received: 11 September 2017 / Accepted: 28 December 2017 Ó The Ecological Society of Japan 2018 Abstract Alcyonacea are sessile invertebrates, which can the eurytopic and stenoecious distribution traits among significantly shape the boundary layer in coral reefs and some species are discussed. The invasive Carijoa riisei rocky habitats. Ecological aspects in this taxon have was confirmed as biological thereat to other Alcyonacea, been well studied in the Caribbean, Mediterranean, and and possible physiological distribution limitations are Indo-Pacific. With few recent exceptions, studies in the indicated. Eastern Pacific focused on taxonomy. We present a quantitative assessment of Alcyonacea communities Keywords Alcyonacea Æ Community structure Æ from the southern Tropical Eastern Pacific, based on Eastern Pacific Æ Equatorial Front Æ Keystone species video transects in the Marine Reserve El Pelado. Seventeen species from the Plexauridae (8), Gorgoniidea (8), and Clavularidae (1) were identified, comprising Introduction 6963 colonies dominated by Muricea (86.7%), particu- larly M. plantaginea (48.6%). The overwhelming domi- Tropical shallow water Alcyonacea (soft corals and sea nance of M. plantaginea was the most striking and fans) are among the characteristic sessile and colonial previously unreported community trait, which con- faunal components of rocky habitats and coral reefs. tributed to a moderate Shannon entropy (n = 31, H Erect growth forms compartmentalize the benthic mean 1.40, SD 0.22), equitability (n = 31, HE mean boundary layer by creating structural heterogeneity in 0.16, SD 0.4), and species diversity expressed as effective the form of micro habitats and nurseries for other number of species (n = 31, mean 4.16, SD 0.87).
    [Show full text]
  • Mitogenomic Phylogenetic Analyses of Leptogorgia Virgulata And
    University of Texas Rio Grande Valley ScholarWorks @ UTRGV Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations College of Sciences 11-21-2019 Mitogenomic phylogenetic analyses of Leptogorgia virgulata and Leptogorgia hebes (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the Gulf of Mexico provides insight on Gorgoniidae divergence between Pacific and tlanticA lineages Samantha Silvestri Diego F. Figueroa The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley David Hicks The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley NIcole J. Figueroa The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/eems_fac Part of the Earth Sciences Commons, Environmental Sciences Commons, and the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Silvestri, S., Figueroa, D. F., Hicks, D., & Figueroa, N. J. (2019). Mitogenomic phylogenetic analyses of Leptogorgia virgulata and Leptogorgia hebes (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the Gulf of Mexico provides insight on Gorgoniidae divergence between Pacific and tlanticA lineages. Ecology and Evolution, 9(24), 14114–14129. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5847 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Sciences at ScholarWorks @ UTRGV. It has been accepted for inclusion in Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UTRGV. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Received: 22 July 2019 | Revised: 25 October 2019 | Accepted: 28 October 2019 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5847 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Mitogenomic phylogenetic analyses of Leptogorgia virgulata and Leptogorgia hebes (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the Gulf of Mexico provides insight on Gorgoniidae divergence between Pacific and Atlantic lineages Samantha Silvestri | Diego F.
    [Show full text]
  • The Bay Benthic Survey
    Benthic Survey Report for The Bay Park Phase 1 Site Development Sarasota, Florida September 2020 Prepared for: Attn: Agency Landscape + Planning 45 Lawn Street Cambridge, MA 02138 Prepared by: Cummins Cederberg, Inc. 7550 Red Road, Suite 217 Miami, FL 33143 T: +1 305 741 6155 F: +1 305 974 1969 CumminsCederberg.com TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project Background....................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 HABITAT MAPPING AND CHARACTERIZATION METHODS ........................................................... 4 2.1 Habitat Characterization ............................................................................................................... 4 Table 1. Benthic habitat types and characteristics ................................................................ 5 Habitat Type .......................................................................................................................................... 5 Description ............................................................................................................................................ 5 2.1.1 North-South Transects ...................................................................................................... 7 2.1.2 East-West Transects ........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Epifaunal Community Structure on Artificial Reefs in Tampa Bay
    T The Epifaunal Community Structure on Artificial Reefs in Tampa Bay Grant Agreement #FWCC-03045 Thomas L. Dix, Ph.D., Thomas M. Ash, David J. Karlen, Barbara K. Goetting, Christina M. Holden, Susan M. Estes, June 2005 #FWCC-0304 5 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Funding was provided by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (Grant Agreement # FWCC-03045). Stephen A .Grabe, Sara E. Markham and Anthony S. Chacour assisted with sample processing. Carla Wright assisted with instrument calibration. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................................... ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................................. iv LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................................. v ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................ 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 2 METHODS AND MATERIALS ............................................................................................................. 3 Study sites .......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]