Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities Of
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Research Article
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Research Article ISSN 1112-9867 Available online at http://www.jfas.info EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY ON THE SEEDS GERMINATION OF Retama raetam (FORSSK.) WEBB. SCARIFIED WITH SULFURIC ACID Z. Mehdadi*, F. Z. Bendimered, M. Dadach and A. Aisset University of Djillali Liabes, Faculty of natural sciences and life, Laboratory of plant biodiversity: conservation and valorization, Sidi Bel Abbes, 22000, Algeria Received: 19 November 2016 / Accepted: 20 July 2017 / Published online: 01 Septemer 2017 ABSTRACT The present study consists of the elimination of tegumentary inhibition affecting seeds of Retama raetam by the chemical scarification. This pretreatment was carried out using pure sulfuric acid (98 %) and the seeds' germinative behavior was studied in the laboratory under controlled conditions of temperature and salinity. The results reveal that the chemical scarification by the sulfuric acid during six hours, had favored the germination of seeds which were incapable of germinating. The thermal optimum of germination expressed by the highest germination capacities and speeds as well as the shortest average times of germination and latency times corresponded to 20 °C and 25 °C. At low temperatures (0 °C and 5 °C) and high temperatures (35 °C and 40 °C), the germination was not possible.The seeds of R. raetam are sensitive to salinity, when the NaCl concentration increases the rate of germination decreases. The threshold of tolerance was recorded at 272 mM, from which the germination was inhibited. Key words: Retama raetam; chemical scarification; germination; temperature; salinity. Author Correspondence, e-mail: [email protected] doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v9i3.3 Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. -
The Canary Islands
The Canary Islands Naturetrek Tour Report 23 February – 2 March 2019 Canary Bellflower by Jessica Turner Mount Teide by Andrew Bray Euphorbia atropururea by Jessica Turner Barbary Partridge by Andrew Bray Report and images by Jessica Turner and Andrew Bray Naturetrek Mingledown Barn Wolf's Lane Chawton Alton Hampshire GU34 3HJ UK T: +44 (0)1962 733051 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk Tour Report The Canary Islands Tour participants: Andrew Bray and Jessica Turner (leaders) together with 16 Naturetrek clients Summary The Canary Islands may be well-known as a general tourist destination, but they contain a wealth of natural treasures, and we were fortunate to experience many of them. Their isolation has given rise to many endemic species and subspecies, of which the great views of Tenerife Blue Chaffinch in perfect light were a highlight for many. We marvelled over the flora, so different to that of mainland Europe, and enjoyed the various species of lizards, plus the butterflies and other invertebrates we encountered. The day on La Gomera was a delight, not least for the numbers of Cory’s Shearwaters, whales and dolphins, plus the White-faced Storm Petrels we encountered. Lovely weather with plenty of sunshine, comfortable accommodation, good food and great company all made for an excellent week. Day 1 Saturday 23rd February Fly to Tenerife South – La Chafiras – Road to Vilaflor Fifteen tour group members met with Andrew and Jessica at Gatwick’s North Terminal for the 6.50am Easyjet flight to Tenerife South Airport. After a bit of a delay due to fog at Gatwick, we landed on the island at around 12.15pm, meeting up with our last group member, who had arrived on the island the previous day. -
Host Specificity of Uresiphita Reversalis (Guenee) (Crambidae)
.Journal o{ the LCl'id<Jl'terists' Society .51(2 ), 1997, 149- 1.5.5 HOST SPECIFICITY OF URESIPHITA REVERSALIS (GUENEE) (CRAMBIDAE) ROSEMARY LEEN United States D epartment of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, P. O. Box 236, Volcano, Hawaii 96785, USA ABSTRACT. Host specificity tests were conducted on (Jresiphita reversalis and to a lesser degree on U. pulygonalis. First instal's of U. reversalis were limited to feeding on quinolizidine-bearing tribes of fabaceous legumes. However, U polygonali.Y from the Ca nary Islands and u. reversalis both fail ed to complete development on Cytisus scoparius (Genisteae) beyond the second instar. Cytisus scoparius and Cytisus striatus were never observed as hosts of U. reversatis in California during the years of this study (1984- 1989). Host range of U. reversa/is encompassed six quinolizidine-bearing tribes of the Fabaceae: Genisteae, Snphoreae, Thermopsidae, Bossiaeeae, Podalyreae, and Euchresteae, although the latter two tribes have not been reported as hosts in the field. Both native and intro duced species in quinolizidine-bearing tribes will undoubtedly be used by U. reversalis when the opportunity arises. Additional key words: Pyralidae, Pyraustinae, aposernatism, host plant range, French broom, quinolizidine alkaloids. Uresiphita reversalis (Guenee) expande d its host range from native legumes to include several introduced ornamental broom species. Feed ing by U. reversalis on Genista monspessulana (L.) L. Johnson (commonly known as French broom or Genista) was first reported to the USDA Agri cultural Research Service, Albany, California, in 1983 when larvae caused substantial defoliation of some populations in the San Francisco Bay area. -
Genome-Informed Bradyrhizobium Taxonomy: Where to from Here?
Systematic and Applied Microbiology 42 (2019) 427–439 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Systematic and Applied Microbiology jou rnal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/syapm Genome-informed Bradyrhizobium taxonomy: where to from here? a a a a,b Juanita R. Avontuur , Marike Palmer , Chrizelle W. Beukes , Wai Y. Chan , a c d e Martin P.A. Coetzee , Jochen Blom , Tomasz Stepkowski˛ , Nikos C. Kyrpides , e e f a Tanja Woyke , Nicole Shapiro , William B. Whitman , Stephanus N. Venter , a,∗ Emma T. Steenkamp a Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa b Biotechnology Platform, Agricultural Research Council Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute (ARC-OVI), Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa c Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany d Autonomous Department of Microbial Biology, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Poland e DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA, United States f Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Bradyrhizobium is thought to be the largest and most diverse rhizobial genus, but this is not reflected in Received 1 February 2019 the number of described species. Although it was one of the first rhizobial genera recognised, its taxon- Received in revised form 26 March 2019 omy remains complex. Various contemporary studies are showing that genome sequence information Accepted 26 March 2019 may simplify taxonomic decisions. Therefore, the growing availability of genomes for Bradyrhizobium will likely aid in the delineation and characterization of new species. -
Evaluation of Fatty Acids Profile and Mineral Content of Retama Monosperma (L.) Boiss
J. Mater. Environ. Sci. 6 (2) (2015) 538-545 El Hamdani & Fdil ISSN : 2028-2508 CODEN: JMESCN Evaluation of fatty acids profile and mineral content of Retama monosperma (L.) Boiss. of Morocco N. El Hamdani, R. Fdil* Laboratoire de Chimie bio organique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Chouaïb Doukkali, BP 299, 24000, El Jadida, Maroc Received 30 May 2014; Revised 20 September 2014; Accepted 21 September 2014. *Corresponding Author. E-mail: [email protected]; Tel: (+212 523342325 ) Abstract The content of lipids and the fatty acid (FA) profile were determined for branches/leaves (BLs) and seeds (Sds) of Retama monosperma. The total lipids were extracted with hexane and further derivatives to FA methyl esters (FAME). The analyses of FAME samples were performed by gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionisation detector. The total lipids content in BLs and Sds were 0.3 % and 5% respectively. The results indicate that palmitic acid (C16: 0) is the most abundant saturated FA in both Sds and BLs followed by stearic acid (C18: 0), while the oleic acid (C18:1n9) is the dominant mono-unsaturated FA in the Sds. The two samples contained linoleic (C18:2n6) and linolenic acid (C18:3n3) as major polyunsaturated acids. The greatest proportion of linoleic acid was found in Sds, while linolenic acid is highest in BLs. The traditional use of the Retama monosperma as an antidiabetic is probably related to its FA. The results of mineral analysis showed that all Sds and BLs contained considerable amount of macro and micro elements. Key words: Retama monosperma, Leguminosae, fatty acids, omega-3, omega-6, minerals 1. -
San Diego County Invasive Ornamental Plant Guide
SAN DIEGO COUNTY INVASIVE ORNAMENTAL PLANT GUIDE This Guide is produced and distributed by the San Diego Chapter of the American Society of the Landscape Architects (SD/ASLA) and the San Diego Chapter of the California Native Plant Society (CNPS) for the primary purpose of educating landscape professionals and the general-public regarding the cultivation, selection, use and management of non-native and/or invasive plants in San Diego regional landscapes. It is understood that this Guide is of special importance in the “urban interface”: areas where natural vegetation and man-made landscapes come into close contact. It is not the intent of the authors to add unnecessary constraints or to discourage the planting of a broad selection of native and non-native species where it is unlikely that their presence would have any effect upon indigenous plant populations or habitat. This Guide is provided solely as a reference document and is not intended for regulatory purposes. What is an Invasive Plant? An ‘Invasive Plant’ is a species that has become a weed pest: a plant that grows aggressively, spreads rampantly and displaces native plants. Invasive plants usually appear on disturbed ground and moist places, and the most aggressive can invade native areas. Invasive plants are generally undesirable because they can be difficult to control, can escape from cultivation, and can out-compete native plants. Invasive plant infestations can be environmentally destructive, costing government, resource agencies and private land owners millions of dollars each year to control and remove. Characteristics of Invasive Plants Invasive plants can be trees, shrubs, vines, groundcovers, grasses or aquatic plants. -
Broom Management
Reprinted fromPlant Plant Protection Protection Quarterly Quarterly Vol.15(4) Vol.15(4) 2000 2000 131 Broom management Proceedings of a workshop held at Ellerston and Moonan on 16–17 November 1998 This is part of a series of workshops sponsored by the Co-operative Research Centre for Weed Management Systems Editors: A.W. Sheppard and J.R. Hosking Broom management CRC eed management systems 132 Plant Protection Quarterly Vol.15(4) 2000 CRC Co-operative Research Centre for eed Weed Management Systems management Established and supported under the Australian Government’s systems Co-operative Research Centres Program MISSION STATEMENT The CRC is committed to increasing the sustainability of agriculture and protecting the natural environment by developing ecologically sound, cost effective weed manage- ment systems. OBJECTIVES • To reduce the impact of weeds on farm productivity and profitability by developing sustainable management programs that optimize the integration of chemical, bio- logical and ecological approaches for annual crop and pasture systems in the crop- ping zone of southern Australia. • To develop practical integrated weed management systems that reduce weed infes- tation, protect the environment and enhance sustainability and productivity of Aus- tralian temperate perennial pasture ecosystems. • To develop integrated strategies for the sustainable management of weeds invading natural ecosystems in temperate Australia, in order to maintain biological diversity of native flora and fauna and to prevent further degradation of natural habitats. • To implement a suite of weed science and weed management education programs which, for the first time in Australia, offers a coordinated approach to educating undergraduates, postgraduates, professional land and natural resource managers, and the community. -
(Retama Raetam - Retem): a Review
Profiling and importance of underutilized neglected species of hyper arid climate of Saudi Arabia (Retama raetam - Retem): A review Nayef Al-Sharari, Ahmed S. Bakhashwain and Elfeel A. A.* Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia *Department of Arid land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University Cell Phone: +966-567420763 Email: [email protected] Abstract: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is the largest country in Arab Peninsula. However, most of its land is classified as arid or hyper arid with rare vegetation cover. Retama raetam (Retem) is found in the drier parts along the Northern Western region of KSA. Retem is well known as drought tolerant species with wide range of traditional medicinal uses. In order to validate the traditional uses, recently many studies were conducted regarding phytochemical analysis and pharmacological activities. However, very few information about the importance of this species and its profile are available. The aim of this review is to highlight the updated information on the profile and values of this species. R. Raetam is a true arid land plant species with very deep root system, assimilating green branches and small leaves that are drop very quickly to conserve water loss. In addition to that phytochemical profiling of the species revealed many compounds of high pharmacological values such as flavonoids, alkaloids and pinitols. As the result different parts of this plant exhibited medicinal properties such as antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, antihypertensive, diuretic, antiseptic, hypoglycaemic, anti-inflammatory and body weight lowering. This review reflects the importance of including this species in the priority list in KSA as potential multi- uses for degraded land rehabilitation. -
MEMOIRE Mekki Assia
République Algérienne Démocratique et Populaire Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique UNIVERSITE ABOUBAKR BELKAÏD - TLEMCEN Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre et de l’Univers Département d’Ecologie et Environnement Laboratoire de recherche « Valorisation des actions de l’homme pour la protection de L’Environnement et application en santé publique » MEMOIRE Présenté par Mekki Assia En vue de l’obtention du Diplôme de Magister En Ecologie Animale Option Ecologie et Dynamique des Arthropodes Thème Contribution à l’étude écologique de l’Arthropodofaune dans quelques stations à Retama raetam (Fabacées) dans la région de Naâma Soutenu le , devant le jury composé de : Président Mr KHELIL Mohamed Anouar Professeur Université de Tlemcen Encadreur Melle DAMERDJI Amina M.C.A Université de Tlemcen Examinateurs Mr MESLI Lotfi Professeur Université de Tlemcen Mr BOUCHIKHI Zoheir M.C.A Université de Tlemcen Année universitaire : 2015/2016 Remerciements Je tiens tout d’abord à remercier Dieu le tout puissant et miséricordieux de m’avoir donné la force et la patience d’accomplir ce modeste travail. En second lieu, je tiens à remercier Dr. DAMERDJI Amina, maitre de conférences au Département d’écologie et environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, des Sciences de la Terre et de l’Univers, de l’Université de Tlemcen ; pour ses précieux conseils, son encadrement, ses critiques constructives, le temps qu’elle m’a consacré et sa bienveillance. Je remercie Mr KHELLIL Mohamed Anouar, Professeur à la Faculté des Sciences de la Vie et de la Nature et des Sciences de la Terre et de l’Univers, Département d’Ecologie et Environnement de l’Université de Tlemcen pour avoir accepté de présider le jury. -
Retama Monosperma Paper Zachary Roth.Pdf
Zack Roth Hort 5051 Spring 2014 Retama monosperma Taxonomy Retama monosperma is a perennial shrub native to the Mediterranean coast of Africa and Europe. It is part of the genius Retama and is in the family Fabaceae. It is commonly referred to as bridal veil, bridal veil broom, and bridal veil bush. Geographic Distribution: Retama monosperma is native to the Mediterranean coast of Africa and Europe. It is also naturalized in California and Australia. It may also be present in other parts of the world with similar environmental conditions though it is not documented. It is found at sea level and up to 300 feet above sea level. It is known in California and Australia to be invasive. In some cases in it natural range it is also considered to be invasive. It is not fully understood what causes Retama monosperma to flower as examples can be seen in flower at different times of the year. Native Habitat: Retama monosperma colonizes sand dunes along Mediterranean coast lines. It modifies these dunes which in turn allows other plant species to colonize after it. Salt resistance is well documented. Taxonomic Description: The plant can reach 10 meters wide and 4.5 meters tall. It produces many small leaves that fall of shortly after emergence; this is a defense mechanism that protects the plant from salt spray. It continues photosynthesis and respiration through photosynthetic stems. The root system has not been studied but is known to be capable of hydraulic lift, meaning that it takes up water from deep in the soil and releases it close to the surface. -
Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Potential of Organic Extracts from Aerial Parts of Retama Monosperma
Journal(of(Materials(and(( J. Mater. Environ. Sci., 2018, Volume 9, Issue 6, Page 1889-1898 Environmental(Sciences( ISSN(:(2028;2508( https://doi.org/10.26872/jmes.2018.9.6.208 CODEN(:(JMESCN( Copyright(©(2018,((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( http://www.jmaterenvironsci.com University(of(Mohammed(Premier(((((( (Oujda(Morocco( Preliminary phytochemical analysis and antibacterial potential of organic extracts from aerial parts of Retama monosperma 1 2 1 1 2 N. El Hamdani , N. Filali-Ansari , M. Zefzoufi , S. Derhali , A. El Abbouyi , 2 1 1 1 1 S. El Khyari , A. Mouzdahir , K. Sraidi , T. Harjane , R. Fdil * 1Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaïb Doukkali, 24000, El Jadida, Morocco. 2Laboratory of Biochemistry, Nutrition and Valorization of Natural Resources. Department of Biology. Faculty of Sciences. El Jadida. Morocco ABSTRACT Received 22 Feb 2017, Revised 23 Jan 2018, The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical profile and Accepted 05 Feb 2018 potential antibacterial activity of R. monosperma aerial parts extracts. The aerial parts extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids and coumarines. In addition, total phenols, flavonoids as well as Keywords tannins contents were determined in four organic extracts from stems, flowers and seeds of R. monosperma and used to assess their contribution to a potential !!Retama monosperma antibacterial effect. Stems and seeds methanol extracts exhibited high total !!Antibacterial phenols content (495.75 mg GAE/g and 195.69 mg GAE/g) respectively. In activity, contrast, the methanol extract of the flowers showed lower total phenolic content !!Flavonoids, (146.77 mg GAE/g) but higher tannins content (381.92 mg CAE/g). -
Quinolizidine Alkaloid Profiles of Retama Raetam, R. Sphaerocarpa and R
Quinolizidine Alkaloid Profiles of Retama raetam, R. sphaerocarpa and R. monosperma A. El-Shazlyac, A.-M. Ateya3, L. Witteb, and M. Winkc a Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt b Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie der Technischen Universität, Mendelssohnstr. 1, D-38106 Braunschweig c Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie der Universität, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg Z. Naturforsch. 51c, 301-308 (1996); received January 3/January 24, 1996 Quinolizidine Alkaloids, Capillary GLC, Alkaloid profiles, Leguminosae, Retama spp. About 28 quinolizidine alkaloids and the dipiperidine alkaloids ammodendrine, dehydro- ammodendrine and N-formylammodendrine were identified in the alkaloidal extracts of Re tama raetam , Retama sphaerocarpa and Retama monosperma by capillary GLC and GLC- MS. Alkaloid profiles of the three Retama species with a Mediterranean distribution are more similar than alkaloid patterns of different organs of the same plant. Whereas sparteine and retamine are the major components of stems, lupanine, retamine, N-methylcytisine and cytisine dominate in flowers and pods, and cytisine in seeds indicating a high degree of organ specificity of alkaloid storage. Introduction pearance which have been classified as belonging to A wide range of pharmacological and toxicolog- the Genista-complex within the subtribe Genisteae ical activities as oxytocic, uterotonic, antiarrhyth- (Bisby, 1981). Recent molecular studies based on mic, diuretic, hypoglycemic, hypotensive, respira nucleotide sequences of the rbcL gene and ITS re tory stimulant and depressent, antipyretic, gions of rDNA have confirmed the close related hallucinogenic properties are associated with quin ness of Retama with Genista (Käss and Wink, 1995). olizidine alkaloids (Kinghorn and Balandrin, 1984; Although some alkaloids were previously iso Wink, 1993a).