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Barometroecp A2007m7-9N15.Pdf El presente Informe ha sido elaborado por el equipo del Programa de Conflictos y Construcción de Paz de la Escola de Cultura de Pau, formado por: Maria Cañadas Francesch (derechos humanos), Albert Caramés Boada (desarme), Vicenç Fisas Armengol (procesos de paz), Patricia García Amado (crisis humanitarias), Marta Mendiola Gonzalo (derechos humanos), Maria Prandi Chevalier (derechos humanos), Gema Redondo de la Morena (rehabilitación posbélica), Josep Maria Royo Aspa (conflictos armados), Eneko Sanz Pascual (desarme), Núria Tomàs Collantes (tensiones), Jordi Urgell Garcia (conflictos armados), Ana Villellas Ariño (conflictos armados) y María Villellas Ariño (género y construcción de paz). Glosario 4 América y Caribe 69 00 Introducción 7 Asia y Pacífico 70 01 Conflictos armados 11 Europa y Asia Central 72 Evolución de los conflictos armados 12 Oriente Medio 72 África 12 5.2. La acción humanitaria durante el trimestre 73 a) África Occidental 12 a) Informe de la OMS sobre la salud en el 73 b) Cuerno de África 13 mundo 2007 c) Grandes Lagos y África Central 14 b) La respuesta de los donantes durante el 74 d) Magreb y Norte de África 15 trimestre América 15 06 Desarme 75 Asia y Pacífico 16 6.1. Proliferación de armamento ligero 75 a) Asia Meridional 17 a) Naciones Unidas 75 b) Sudeste Asiático y Oceanía 18 b) Iniciativas internacionales 76 Europa 22 c) Iniciativas regionales 78 Oriente Medio 23 6.2. Desarme, Desmovilización y Reintegración (DDR) 79 02 Situaciones de tensión y disputas de alto riesgo 27 a) Acontecimientos más relevantes del 79 Evolución de las tensiones 27 trimestre África 28 b) Servicios básicos para la reintegración de 81 a) África Austral 28 ex combatientes b) África Occidental 28 07 Derechos humanos y Derecho Internacional 85 c) Cuerno de África 29 Humanitario d) Grandes Lagos y África Central 30 7.1. Violaciones de los derechos humanos y del 85 América 31 derecho humanitario América del Sur 31 a) Abuso de poder por parte de los cuerpos y 85 Asia 32 fuerzas de seguridad del Estado a) Asia Meridional 32 b) Libertad de expresión y participación 87 b) Sudeste asiático y Oceanía 33 política Europa y Asia Central 34 c) Tortura 88 a) Europa 34 d) Derechos Económicos, Sociales y 89 b) Asia Central y Cáucaso 36 Culturales Oriente Medio 37 7.2. Justicia Transicional 90 a) Mashreg 37 a) Tribunales internacionales: Decisiones 90 b) Al Jalish 38 sobre responsabilidad penal internacional 03 Procesos de Paz 41 b) Tribunales Penales Mixtos, Híbridos e 91 3.1 Evolución de los procesos de paz 41 Internacionalizados África 42 c) Comisiones de la verdad y justicia ordinaria 91 a) África Austral 42 d) Declaraciones de perdón 92 b) África Occidental 42 e) Leyes de amnistía 92 c) Cuerno de África 42 f) La justicia en las negociaciones de paz 92 d) Grandes Lagos y África Central 43 7.3. Cuestiones institucionales 94 d) Magreb 45 a) Naciones Unidas 94 América 45 b) Consejo de Europa 94 Asia y Pacífico 46 c) Unión Europea 94 a) Asia Meridional 46 08 Dimensión de género en la construcción de paz 97 b) Sudeste Asiático 47 8.1. La dimensión de género en el impacto de los Europa y Asia Central 49 conflictos armados 97 Oriente Medio 51 a) Violencia sexual como arma de guerra 97 3.2. La ausencia de las mujeres en los procesos de 52 b) Violencia contra las mujeres 100 negociación 8.2. La construcción de paz desde una perspectiva de 100 04 Rehabilitación posbélica y acompañamiento 55 género Internacional a) Rehabilitación posbélica 100 4.1. Evolución de la rehabilitación posbélica por 55 b) La perspectiva de género en Naciones ámbitos de intervención Unidas 101 a) Seguridad 56 c) La dimensión de género en los procesos de b) Gobierno y participación 58 paz 102 c) Justicia y reconciliación 59 Escola de Cultura de Pau (UAB) 105 d) Bienestar social y económico 62 4.2. Países en fase avanzada de rehabilitación. 61 Acontecimientos más destacados 4.3. Acompañamiento internacional 62 05 Crisis humanitarias 65 5.1. Evolución de los contextos de crisis humanitarias 65 África 66 a) África Austral 66 b) África Occidental 66 c) Cuerno de África 67 d) Grandes Lagos y África Central 68 ACNUR: Alto Comisionado de Naciones Unidas FDD: Forces pour la Défense de la para los Refugiados Démocratie ACP: Asia, Caribe, Pacífico FDI: Fondo de Desarrollo para Iraq ACH: Acuerdo de Cese de Hostilidades FDLR : Fuerzas Democráticas para la ADF: Afganistan Development Forum Liberación de Rwanda AIEA: Agencia Internacional de la Energía FFAA: Fuerzas Armadas gubernamentales Atómica FKM: Front Kedaulatant Maluku (Frente AMIB: Misión de la Unidad Africana en para la Soberanía de Molucas) Burundi FLEC: Frente de Libertaçao do Enclave de ANP: Autoridad Nacional Palestina Cabinda AOD: Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo FMI: Fondo Monetario Internacional APC: Autoridad Provisional de la Coalición FNL: Forces Nationales de Libération APHC: All Parties Hurriyat Conference GAFI: Grupo de Acción Financiera AUC: Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia GAM: Gerakin Aceh Merdeka (Movimiento BICC: Bonn International Center for Conversion de Aceh Libre) BM: Banco Mundial GIA: Grupo Islámico Armado BONUCA: Oficina de las Naciones Unidas de GNT: Gobierno Nacional de Transición Apoyo a la Consolidación de la Paz en R. GPP: Groupement Patriotique pour la Paix Centroafricana GSPC: Grupo Salafista para la Predicación y el CAD: Comité de Ayuda al Desarrollo Combate CAP: United Nations Inter-Agency HIPC: Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (Países Consolidated Appeal Process (Llamamiento Pobres Fuertemente Endeudados) Consolidado Interagencias de Naciones IANSA: International Action Network on Unidas) Small Arms CARICOM: Caribbean Community ICBL: International Campaign to Ban CAS: Asistencia Estratégica País Landmines CASA: Coordinating Action on Small Arms IDG: Índice de Desarrollo relativo al Género CDHNU: Comisión de Derechos Humanos IDH: Índice de Desarrollo Humano de Naciones Unidas IDP: Internally Displaced Persons (Personas CEI: Comunidad de Estados Independientes Desplazadas Internas) CEMAC: Comunidad Económica y Monetaria de IEMF: Interim Emergency Multinational los Países de África Central Force (Fuerza Multinacional Provisional de CICR: Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja y la Emergencia) Media Luna Roja IFM: Isatubu Freedom Movement COAV: Children in Organised Armed IGAD: Intergovernmental Authority on Conflict Development CODHES: Consultoría para los Derechos IISS: International Institute for Strategic Humanos y el Desplazamiento Studies CPI: Corte Penal Internacional IOM: Organización Internacional de Migraciones CPN: Communist Party of Nepal IPC: Índice de Percepción de la Corrupción DDR: Desarme, Desmovilización y IRIN: United Nations Integrated Regional Reintegración Information Network Dólares: Dólares de EEUU IRIS: Institut de Relations Internationales et ECHA: Comité Ejecutivo Asuntos Humanitarios Stratégiques ECHO: Oficina de Ayuda Humanitaria de la ISAF: Fuerza Internacional de Asistencia a Unión Europea la Seguridad ECOMOG: Economic Community of West African ISDR: International Strategy for Disaster States Monitoring Group Reduction ECOSOC: Consejo Económico y Social de JEM: Justice and Equality Movement Naciones Unidas KANU: Kenya African National Union ECOWAS: Comunidad Económica de LDC: Least Developed Countries (Países Menos Estados de África Occidental Desarrollados) EEBC: Comisión de Fronteras entre Eritrea y LND: Liga Nacional Democrática Etiopía LRA: Lord's Resistance Army EEUU: Estados Unidos de América LTTE: Liberation Tigers Tamil Eelam (Tigres ELN: Ejército de Liberación Nacional de Liberación de la Tierra Preciosa de los ENA: Ejército Nacional Albanés Tamiles) EUFOR: European Union Forces LURD: Liberians United for Reunification EZLN: Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional and Democracy FAd’H: Forces Armés d’Haití MAS: Movimiento Al Socialismo FAO: Organización para la Alimentación y la MDC: Mouvement for the Democratic Agricultura de Naciones Unidas Change FARC: Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias MDJT: Mouvement pour la Démocratie et la de Colombia Justice au Tchad MDF: Meckaunvi Defense Force 4 MDR: Movimiento Democrático Republicano PNUD: Programa de Naciones Unidas para MERCOSUR : Mercado Común del Sur el Desarrollo MFDC: Mouvement des Forces PRIO: Peace Research Institute of Oslo Démocratiques de Casamance PWG: People’s War Group MILF: Moro Islamic Liberation Front RAMSI : Regional Assistance Mission to the MINUCI: Misión de Naciones Unidas en Solomon Islands Côte d’Ivoire RCD-Goma: Rassemblement Congolais MINURSO: Misión de Naciones Unidas para pour la Démocratie-Goma el Referéndum en el Sáhara Occidental RCD-K-ML: Rassemblement Congolais pour MINUSTAH: Misión de Naciones Unidas la Démocratie-Mouvement pour la Libération para la Estabilización de Haití RCD-N: Rassemblement Congolais pour la MJP : Mouvement pour la Justice et la Paix Démocratie-National MLC: Mouvement pour la Libération du RFTF: Results Focused Transnacional Congo Framework MNLF: Moro National Liberation Front RSM: Republik Maluku Selatan (República MODEL: Movement for Democracy in de Molucas del Sur) Liberia RUF: Revolutionary United Front MONUC: Misión de Naciones Unidas en RD SADC: South African Development Congo Community MPCI: Mouvement Patriotique de Côte SFOR: Stabilisation Force d'Ivoire SIPRI: Stockholm International Peace MPIGO: Mouvement Patriotique pour Research Institute l’Indépendance du Grand Ouest SLA: Sudan’s Liberation Army (Ejército de MPLA: Movimiento para la Liberación de Liberación de Sudán) Angola SPLA: Sudan's People Liberation Army MSF: Médicos sin Fronteras TLCAN: Tratado de
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