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Siegenthaler, Differential Diagnosis in Internal Medicine (ISBN9783131421418), © 2007 Georg Thieme Verlag Index Index Notes: Please note that entries in bold and italics represent tables and figures respectively A parapharyngeal space, 479 acromegaly, 81, 82, 743−744 acute renal failure (ARF), 852−857 spleen, 151 hands, 90 angiography, 854 Abciximab, thrombocytopenia, teeth, 212 hypertension, 738 causes, 853 459 tuberculous paravertebral, skin changes, 66 classification, 852 abdomen 597−599 ACTH-dependent Cushing definition, 852 acute see acute abdomen absolute pupillary areflexia, 97 syndrome, 742 diagnostic procedure, 855−857 angina, mesenteric infarction, Abt−Letterer−Siwe disease, 445 ACTH-independent Cushing blood analysis, 856 266 Acanthamoeba infection, syndrome, 742−743 glomerular filtration rate, 855 blood vessels, polyarteritis meningitis, 135 Actinomyces infection see main laboratory nodosa, 179 acanthocytes actinomycosis investigations, 856 pain see abdominal pain liver cirrhosis, 398 Actinomyces israelii, 131 physical examination, physical examination, 30−31 urinary sediment analysis, 847, actinomycosis, 71, 526 855−856 pleural effusion, 248 848 neck swelling, 131 radiologic examinations, 857 ultrasound, secondary acanthocytosis, 417 activated partial thromboplastin renal biopsy, 857 hypertension, 733 acanthosis nigricans, 55, 55 time (aPTT), 452, 1052−1053 urinalysis, 856 abdominal organs, nervous accelerated junctional rhythms, acute abdomen, 257−259 differential diagnosis, 855, system, 256 719 causes, 257, 257−258 855−857 abdominal pain acetaminophen chronic renal failure, 861 acute tubular necrosis vs., acute, 257−273 analgesic nephropathy, 880 clinical features, 257 856 cholelithiasis, 766 coma, 1007 complications, 258 chronic vs., 864 unclear etiology see acute acetoacetic acid, normochloremic definition, 257 history and clinical abdomen metabolic acidosis, 920 differential diagnosis, 259 examination, 855 bile ducts and liver, 286−289 acetylsalicylic acid, coma, 1007 extraabdominal pain vs., 258, acute respiratory distress causes, 265 achalasia, 804−806 265 syndrome (ARDS), 152, 536 chronic recurring, 275 achlorhydria, chronic atrophic ketoacidotic coma, 1002 aspiration of acidic gastric colic see colic gastritis, 403 acute confusional states, 990, 991 content, 529, 530 colon, 284−285 achondroplasia, 83, 84 causes, 994 respiratory acidosis, 926 differential diagnosis, 256, 259 acid−base balance, 1017−1019 pathophysiology, 989−990 acute tubular necrosis (ATN), 854 acute abdomen, 258 disturbances see acid−base acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute renal failure vs., 856 right hypogastric and disturbances 234−240 ischemia, 854 midabdominal region, 289 indication, 1017 biochemical markers, 238−239 prerenal kidney failure, 852 diffuse, 259 influencing factors, 1017 classification, 234, 234 toxins, 854 emergency surgery indications, normal, 915 enzymes involved, 238−239 urinary sediment patterns, 851 258 regulation, levels of, 915−916 spectrum, 234, 234 acute tubulointerstitial nephritis epigastric renal compensation, 916 ST segment elevation (STEMI), and uveitis syndrome, 880 differential diagnosis, 259 respiratory compensation, 916 235−237, 237 adamantinoma, 361 diurnal rhythm, 274 acid−base disturbances, 862, clinical features, 236 Adams−Stokes syncope, 717 ketoacidotic coma, 1002 915−928 ECG, 236−237 ADAMTS-13 deficiency, 416 localization and radiation, analysis, 927, 927 pain radiation, 236 Addison disease 274 parameters, 919 without ST segment elevation anemia, 410 long-term, 274 clinical features, 919 (non-STEMI), 234−235, 235 causes, 752 nutrition dependence, 274 compensatory responses, 915, see also myocardial infarction common symptoms, 752 periodic occurrence, 274 917 (MI); myocardial ischemia crisis, 193, 752 position and movement complex disorders, 917−919, acute lymphocytic leukemia differential diagnosis, 752 dependence, 274 918 (ALL), 423, 424 hypotension, 751−752, 753 fever, 149−151 evaluation nomogram, 918 classification, 423, 424 skin pigmentation, 54, 66, 752 intoxication, 268−273 physiologic principles, 915−917 incidence, 423 Addisonian crisis, 193, 752 left hypochondriac, 259 simple disorders, 917 acute myelogenous leukemia adenocarcinoma positive predictive value, 11 symptoms and signs, 919 (AML), 423−428, 425, 427 colon, 469 postprandial systematic analysis, 927 chromosomal aberration, 425 cystadenocarcinoma, 296 chronic pancreatitis, 293 types, 927 classification, 424−425 esophagus, 802 ischemic colitis, 815 see also acidosis; alkalosis; FAB classification, 426 gastric, 802 stomach and small intestine, specific diseases/disorders World Health Organization small bowel, 817 274−284 acid−base metabolism, 915 classifications, 425, 429 thrombosis, 469 systemic diseases, 268−273 acidosis, 917−928 clinical symptoms, 423 adenoid cystic cancer, 592 umbilical, 259 definition, 915−922, 917 diagnosis, 424 adenomas vascular causes, 266−267 lactic see lactic acidosis incidence, 423 adenoma sebaceum, 69, 70 visceral vs. somatic pain, 256 metabolic see metabolic as secondary neoplasia, colorectal see colorectal polyps abdominal situs solitus, central acidosis 426−428 cystadenoma, 296 cyanosis, 684 opportunistic fungal infections, alkylating agent related, 428 liver, 795 abdominal vessels, polyarteritis 168 radiotherapy related, 428 pancreatic b-cells, 1001 nodosa, 179 acoustic neuroma, 98 topoisomerase-II parathyroid gland, 375 abducens nerve (VI), paresis, 960 acral enlargement, 743 inhibitor-related, 428 parotid gland, 481 abscesses acral ulceration, diabetic sweet syndrome, 67 pulmonary, 561 brain, 137, 208, 999 microangiopathy, 326 acute myelomonocytic leukemia, salivary gland, 481 epidural, 138, 302 acrocyanosis, 326, 708 426, 427 toxic thyroid, 486, 487 intra-abdominal, 150 acrodermatitis chronica acute myocardial infarction (AMI) adenoma sebaceum, 70 kidney, 883, 883 atrophicans, 57, 386 bradyarrhythmias, 719 tuberous sclerosis, 69 liver, 146, 151, 796 inflammatory edema, 389 coronary angiography, 234 adenomatous polyposis colic lung see pulmonary acrodermatitis papulosa eruptiva, differential diagnosis, 239 (APC) gene, colorectal diseases/disorders 767 enzyme release pattern, 238 carcinoma, 819 pancreatic, 151 non-STEMI, 234 adenomatous sigmoid polyp, 819 1069 Siegenthaler, Differential Diagnosis in Internal Medicine (ISBN9783131421418), © 2007 Georg Thieme Verlag Index adenosine diphosphate (ADP), hypoglycemia, 1002 Alport syndrome, 866 anaerobic threshold, platelet inhibition, 450 lactic acidosis, 921, 1004 clinical manifestations, 877 spiroergometry, 627 adenovirus infection liver diseases, 778−779 hematuria, 876−877 analgesics common cold, 140 cirrhosis see liver cirrhosis Alström disease, 86 abuse syndrome, 880, 880, 881 pneumonia, 536 hepatitis see hepatitis alternating pulse, 610 coma, 1007 adhesive capsulitis, skin color, 53, 91 aluminum hydroxide, iron nephropathy, 880−881 periarthropathia alcoholic fatty liver, 778 malabsorption, 402 see also specific drugs/drug types humeroscapularis, 353 aldosterone, 908 aluminum intoxication Anaplasma phagocytophilium, 158 Adie syndrome, 97 laboratory parameters, chronic renal failure, 861 anasarca, 611 adiposogenital dystrophy, 86 1020−1021 microcytic anemia, 404 ANCAs see antineutrophilic adrenal gland tumors steroid biosynthesis, 908 alveolar-arterial PO2, respiratory cytoplasmic autoantibodies cortical tumors, virilization, 73 aldosteronism failure, 497 (ANCAs) hereditary forms, 743 familial type I, 739 alveolar cell carcinoma, 561, 562 anemia incidentaloma, Cushing primary, 738−739 alveolar echinococcosis, 151, 796 acquired hypothyroidism, 489 syndrome, 742 volume expansion, 900 alveolar edema, cardiac dyspnea, acute leukemia, 422 adrenal insufficiency secondary, mineralocorticoid 500 alcohol-induced hepatitis, 779 coma due to, 1004 hypertension, 738 alveolar hemorrhage, analgesic nephropathy, 881 diarrhea, 825 alertness, 988, 989 Goodpasture syndrome, 874 aplastic, 410−411 hypotension, 751−752 aleukemic leukemias, 199 alveolar hyperventilation, cardiac dyspnea, 618 primary see Addison disease algodystrophy syndromes, bronchial asthma, 507 classification, 397 adrenocortical crisis, 752 305−306 alveolar hypoventilation, 496 colonic carcinoma, 818 adrenocortical hormones, 751 differential diagnosis, 306 respiratory acidosis, 926 Crohn disease, 816 see also specific hormones algorithms, diagnosis and, 4 alveolar hypoxia, respiratory definition, 396 adrenocorticotropic hormone pulmonary hypertension, 639 failure, 497 dyspnea, 501 (ACTH) Quick prothrombin time, 452 alveolar pulmonary edema, 622, hemolytic see hemolytic Addison disease, 752 aliphatic hydrocarbons, coma, 630 anemia Cushing syndrome, 740 1008 AMA see antimitochondrial high output heart failure, 655 fasting hypoglycemia, 1001 alkaline phosphatase (AP) antibodies (AMA) hyporegenerative hypoglycemia, 1002 bone metabolism, 356 Amanita phalloides, diarrhea, 812 normochromic normocytic, hypotension, 753−755 cholestasis, 768 Amblyomma americanum, 158 409−412 pituitary insufficiency, 1004 extrahepatic cholestasis, 793 amebiasis iron deficiency see adult still disease, 339 Paget disease, 367 abscesses iron deficiency anemia adult T-cell leukemia, 441 alkaline reflux gastropathy, 284 hepatic, 146, 151 laboratory techniques, 396 adult T-cell lymphoma, 441 alkali tablets, metabolic alkalosis, pulmonary, 574 macrocytic normochromic see adventitious sounds, 29, 30, 582 924 diarrheal disease, 811 macrocytic normochromic adynamiamyalgia, 1010 alkalosis, 917−919, 917−928 amenorrhea, 37−38 anemia adynamia, primary adrenocortical definition, 917, 922−928 anorexia nervosa, 755 malassimilation, 821 insufficiency,
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