An Alternative Mapuche Perspective
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Appropriation and Alignment As Spatial Practices Among Mapuche Activists and Student Protesters in Santiago, Chile
The Ethics of Occupation: Appropriation and Alignment as Spatial PracticeS Among Mapuche Activists and Student Protesters in Santiago, Chile A Dissertation SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Kelly E McKay IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Margaret Werry, Cindy Garcia September 2015 © Kelly McKay 2015 i Acknowledgements An enormous thank you: To Jennifer Silva, Margaret Werry, Cindy Garcia, Jill Lane, Bianet Castellanos, Kate McConnell, Pat McNamara, Anjélica Afanador-Pujol, Michal Kobialka, Franco Lavoz, Felipe Rivas, Rolando Salazar, Manuel Alvarado, Matías Aranguiz, Ivone Barriga, Leticia Robles Moreno, Emmanuelle Lambert-Lemoine, Fraani I., Kemy A., Mauricio L., RDP, and everyone else who supported this project and told me to keep going. To the Department of Theatre Arts & Dance, the College of Liberal Arts, GAPSA, and the Global Programs and Strategy Alliance for making my research possible. To everyone who was kind to me in Santiago, spoke extra slowly, and patiently answered my endless questions. Mil gracias pa la buena onda. To Kelly, for the perfectly-timed bloody marys and rational opinions; to Sarah, for always bringing the second bottle of wine; to Kristen, for reminding me that we are artists; to Michelle, for brain beads, summer shandy, and inarguable logic; to Muff and Harmony, who were both kind enough to never make me talk about this project; to Slay, for making my first year in MN bearable; to Tamara, for bravery and cuntiness; to Carra, for writing dates, long-distance support, and talking through my tears; and to my sweet Charley, for getting me out of bed every morning and keeping my priorities in line. -
The Mapuche Conflict Origins and Status Quo
society for threatened peoples The Mapuche Conflict Origins and Status Quo Memorandum by Society for Threatened Peoples February 2013 Impressum Für Menschenrechte. Weltweit. Gesellschaft für bedrohte Völker (GfbV) Postfach 2024, D-37010 Göttingen Tel.: +49 551 49906-0 Fax: +49 551 58028 E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: www.gfbv.de SPENDENKONTO: 1909 BLZ 260 500 01 Sparkasse Göttingen Die GfbV ist eine Menschenrechtsorganisation für verfolgte ethnische und religiöse Minderheiten; NGO mit beratendem Status bei den UN und mitwirkendem Status beim Europarat. Sektionen/Büros in Arbil, Bern, Bozen, Göttingen/Berlin, London, Luxemburg, NewYork, Pristina, Sarajevo/Srebrenica, Wien Text: Nicole Jullian Redaktion: Yvonne Bangert, Sarah Reinke Layout: Tanja Wieczorek, Hanno Schedler Titelphoto: Massimo Falqui Massidda Herausgegeben von der Gesellschaft für bedrohte Völker im Januar 2013 The Mapuche Conflict – Origins and Status Quo Table of Contents: The Mapuche Conflict – Origins and Status Quo 1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 5 2. The Mapuche Conflict: Land Grabs, Criminalization, Land Occupations .. 5 2.1 History of he Land Grabs ............................................................... 5 2.2 Reactions by the Mapuche: Land Occupations ............................. 7 3. The Use of Exceptional Laws as a Method Against the Mapuhes’ Attempts to Reclaim Land ......................................................................... 8 4. Conclusion .............................................................................................. 10 3 The Mapuche Conflict – Origins and Status Quo 4 The Mapuche Conflict – Origins and Status Quo 1. Introduction The Mapuche-conflict in southern Chile claimed new victims again on Friday, January 4, 2013. The elderly couple Werner Luchsinger and Vivianne McKay was killed in an arson attack on their residence on Lumahue farm in Vilcún. As there was no claim of responsibility, it has not yet been clarified who is to blame for the attack. -
Universiteit Van Amsterdam
UNIVERSITEIT VAN AMSTERDAM Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid Indigenous People’s Rights & Public International Law in Argentina The mobilization of law in the context of the Mapuche people Abstract This paper focuses on the way International and Domestic legal frameworks are mobilized in the context of Mapuche people’s claim to land in Argentina. The specific translation process that takes place between the global and the local, is central to this study. Student: Nuria Vehils Olarra Studentnr: 6263313 Supervisor: dr. B. Oomen Second Reader: dr. Y. Donders Date: 5th October 2011 Word count: 20.007 Nuria Vehils Olarra October, 2011 INDEX INTRODUCTION..................................................................3 1. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK..................................... 11 2. INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK ................. 15 3. DOMESTIC LEGAL FRAMEWORK ..............................29 4. THE MAPUCHE PEOPLE.............................................39 5. CASE LAW.........................................................................46 6. TRANSLATING HUMAN RIGHTS ..............................50 CONCLUSION .....................................................................62 BIBLIOGRAPHY..................................................................65 2 Nuria Vehils Olarra October, 2011 INTRODUCTION “The law is not so much carved in stone as it is written in water, flowing in and out with the tide.”1 The process of mobilizing law, understood as “the process through which a legal system acquires its cases”,2 or in other words: putting the theory into practice, has occupied legal and social scholars for centuries. However, with recent and increasing recognition of indigenous people’s rights challenging the concepts at the heart of human rights theory, a new light from which to look at mobilizing the law has emerged. This paper examines the mobilization of law within and between two spheres: international norms and their domestic implementing legislation, and the local setting in the communities of the Mapuche indigenous people in southern Argentina. -
Urban Ethnicity in Santiago De Chile Mapuche Migration and Urban Space
Urban Ethnicity in Santiago de Chile Mapuche Migration and Urban Space vorgelegt von Walter Alejandro Imilan Ojeda Von der Fakultät VI - Planen Bauen Umwelt der Technischen Universität Berlin zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor der Ingenieurwissenschaften Dr.-Ing. genehmigte Dissertation Promotionsausschuss: Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. -Ing. Johannes Cramer Berichter: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Peter Herrle Berichter: Prof. Dr. phil. Jürgen Golte Tag der wissenschaftlichen Aussprache: 18.12.2008 Berlin 2009 D 83 Acknowledgements This work is the result of a long process that I could not have gone through without the support of many people and institutions. Friends and colleagues in Santiago, Europe and Berlin encouraged me in the beginning and throughout the entire process. A complete account would be endless, but I must specifically thank the Programme Alßan, which provided me with financial means through a scholarship (Alßan Scholarship Nº E04D045096CL). I owe special gratitude to Prof. Dr. Peter Herrle at the Habitat-Unit of Technische Universität Berlin, who believed in my research project and supported me in the last five years. I am really thankful also to my second adviser, Prof. Dr. Jürgen Golte at the Lateinamerika-Institut (LAI) of the Freie Universität Berlin, who enthusiastically accepted to support me and to evaluate my work. I also owe thanks to the protagonists of this work, the people who shared their stories with me. I want especially to thank to Ana Millaleo, Paul Paillafil, Manuel Lincovil, Jano Weichafe, Jeannette Cuiquiño, Angelina Huainopan, María Nahuelhuel, Omar Carrera, Marcela Lincovil, Andrés Millaleo, Soledad Tinao, Eugenio Paillalef, Eusebio Huechuñir, Julio Llancavil, Juan Huenuvil, Rosario Huenuvil, Ambrosio Ranimán, Mauricio Ñanco, the members of Wechekeche ñi Trawün, Lelfünche and CONAPAN. -
ANARCHIST ORGANIZING in RE-DEMOCRATIZING CHILE By
Confronting Authoritarian Legacies and Creating Resistance: Anarchist Organizing in Re-Democratizing Chile Item Type text; Electronic Thesis Authors Dwenger, Maggie Tealey Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 27/09/2021 18:28:10 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621846 CONFRONTING AUTHORITARIAN LEGACIES AND CREATING RESISTANCE: ANARCHIST ORGANIZING IN RE-DEMOCRATIZING CHILE by Maggie Tealey Dwenger ____________________________ Copyright © Maggie Tealey Dwenger 2016 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the CENTER FOR LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2016 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR The thesis titled Confronting Authoritarian Legacies and Creating Resistance: Anarchist Organizing in Re-Democratizing Chile prepared by Maggie Dwenger has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for a master’s degree at the University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that an accurate acknowledgement of the source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his or her judgment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. -
Contradictions in Multicultural Indigenous Policies: a Systemic Analysis of the Chilean State’S Response to Mapuche Demands
JEANNE W. SIMON Universidad de Concepción [email protected] CLAuDIO gONZáLEZ PARRA, PH.D Universidad de Concepción [email protected] JAMES V. FENELON California State University, San Bernardino [email protected] ContrAdICtIonS In MULtICULtUrAL IndIGEnoUS PoLICIES: A SYStEMIC Analysis oF tHE CHILEAn StAtE’S rESPonSE to MAPUCHE dEMAndS Summary Even though no part of the world is untouched by the global economy, the role played by the State continues to have an impact on the resistance of indigenous peoples, and Chile is no exception. At present, the Chilean government presents several contrasting faces to indigenous peoples. On the one hand, it offers mul- ticultural public policies based in “Development with Identity”, whose formal objective is to generate economic and social development from the ground up. In contrast, in areas where the indigenous communities are in conflict with large companies over the control of natural resources, the Chilean government considers these communities to be terrorists, denying their basic legal rights. At present, there is a diversity of positions within the Mapuche movement and within Mapuche communities with respect to the Chilean State, although the media tend to emphasize only the violent conflicts. Our paper analyzes the development of the “conflict” between the Mapuche and the Chilean State due to the extractive activities of private companies from a systemic perspective, situating this conflict within the larger international political and economic system. 96 JEANNE W. SIMON, CLAUDIO gONZÀLEZ parra, JAMES V. FENELON Keywords: social movement, social conflict, land policy, indogenous and global interest, Chile Acknowledgements: This paper was financed by the Chilean Science and Technology Fund Fondecyt grant No. -
Aspects of Social Justice Ally Work in Chilean Historical Fiction: the Case of the Pacification of Araucanía
Aspects of Social Justice Ally Work in Chilean Historical Fiction: The Case of the Pacification of Araucanía Katherine Karr-Cornejo Whitworth University Abstract Majority-culture writers often depict cultures different from their own, but approaching cultures to which an author does not belong can be challenging. How might we read dominant-culture portrayals of marginalized cultures that tell stories of injustice? In this paper I utilize the frame of identity development in social justice allies in order to understand the narratives dominant-culture authors use in fiction to reflect sympathetic views of indigenous justice claims. In order to do so, I study three historical novels set in Araucanía during the second half of the nineteenth century, considering historiographical orientation, representation of cultural difference, and understanding of sovereignty:Casas en el agua (1997) by Guido Eytel, Vientos de silencio (1999) by J.J. Faundes, and El lento silbido de los sables (2010) by Patricio Manns. I will show that fiction, even in validating indigenous justice claims, does not overcome past narratives of dominance. Representations can deceive us. The Mapuche warriors of Alonso de Ercilla’s epic poem La Araucana are safely in the past, and their cultural difference poses no threat to present-day nor- mative Chilean culture. However, that normative culture glorifies these fictional representations on the one hand and deprecates Mapuche communities today on the other. How did that hap- pen? Various Mapuche groups resisted Spanish colonization for centuries, restricting European expansion in today’s southern Chile. After Chilean independence from Spain in the early nine- teenth century, the conflict continued. -
The Misuse of Terrorism Prosecution in Chile: the Need for Discrete Consideration of Minority and Indigenous Group Treatment in Rule of Law Analyses, 6 Nw
Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights Volume 6 | Issue 1 Article 3 Fall 2008 The iM suse of Terrorism Prosecution in Chile: The Need for Discrete Consideration of Minority and Indigenous Group Treatment in Rule of Law Analyses Noah Bialostozky Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njihr Recommended Citation Noah Bialostozky, The Misuse of Terrorism Prosecution in Chile: The Need for Discrete Consideration of Minority and Indigenous Group Treatment in Rule of Law Analyses, 6 Nw. J. Int'l Hum. Rts. 81 (2008). http://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/njihr/vol6/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights by an authorized administrator of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. Copyright 2007 by Northwestern University School of Law Volume 6, Number 1 (Fall 2007) Northwestern Journal of International Human Rights The Misuse of Terrorism Prosecution in Chile: The Need for Discrete Consideration of Minority and Indigenous Group Treatment in Rule of Law Analyses Noah Bialostozky* I. INTRODUCTION ¶1 Chile’s misuse of the label of terrorism should not shield the government from accountability for human rights violations against the indigenous Mapuche. Despite significant progress in its transition to democracy, the prosecution of Mapuche under the Prevention of Terrorism Act (“Terrorism Act”), for acts not internationally considered to be terrorism, has caused significant erosion of rule of law principles in Chile. Rule of law principles continue to emerge as important barometers for national compliance with international human rights. -
Rethinking Indigenous Autonomism in Latin America
Rethinking Indigenous Autonomism in Latin America Author Gaitan-Barrera, Alejandra Published 2015 Thesis Type Thesis (PhD Doctorate) School Griffith Business School DOI https://doi.org/10.25904/1912/2784 Copyright Statement The author owns the copyright in this thesis, unless stated otherwise. Downloaded from http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366022 Griffith Research Online https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au Rethinking Indigenous Autonomism in Latin America By Alejandra Gaitán-Barrera Master of Arts (International Relations) Bachelor of Arts (International Relations) School of Government and International Relations Griffith Business School Griffith University Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy March 2015 Abstract This thesis contributes to a broader scholarly understanding of how indigenous movements in Latin America articulate autonomy. One of the central objectives of this research is to address a simple, yet often either assumed or unheeded, question: what does the indigenous subject want? What are the distinct meanings behind the political projects put forward by indigenous movements in the region? How do they envision their liberation from the current systems of oppression? And, most importantly, how do they define concepts such as “self-determination” and “autonomy”? These questions are central to understanding the nuanced transformative processes that indigenous peoples in Latin America have set into motion. In this sense, this thesis will demonstrate that far from homogenous, each movement, according to its own lived experiences of colonization and settlement, national building processes, local history, as well as cultural and political imaginaries and collective memories, conceives autonomy in a different way. Out of these distinct articulations of autonomy, this thesis argues there are two movements at the forefront of an unheeded and overlooked autonomist project: the Council of Miskitu Elders in Mosquitia (Nicaragua) and the Arauco-Malleco Coordinating Committee in Wallmapu (Chile). -
Success and Failure of Indigenous Social Movements: a Comparative Case Study of Ecuador and Chile
University of Mississippi eGrove Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors Theses Honors College) Spring 5-9-2020 Success and Failure of Indigenous Social Movements: a Comparative Case Study of Ecuador and Chile Jenna White Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis Part of the Indigenous Studies Commons, Latin American Languages and Societies Commons, and the Latin American Studies Commons Recommended Citation White, Jenna, "Success and Failure of Indigenous Social Movements: a Comparative Case Study of Ecuador and Chile" (2020). Honors Theses. 1353. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/hon_thesis/1353 This Undergraduate Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College (Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College) at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SUCCESS and FAILURE OF INDIGENOUS SOCIAL MOVEMENTS: A COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY OF ECUADOR AND CHILE © 2020 By Jenna White A thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for completion of the Bachelor of Arts degree in International Studies at the Croft Institute for International Studies Sally McDonnell Barksdale Honors College The University of Mississippi University, Mississippi May 2020 Approved: _____________________________ Advisor: Dr. Miguel Centellas ________________________________ Reader: Dr. Oliver Dinius ______________________________ Reader: Dr. Jesse Cromwell Abstract This thesis is a comparative -
Political Status of Ethnic Groups in Chile
Chile Ethnicity in Chile Group selection According to the national census of 2002, 4,6% of the population be- longs to one of the eight recognized indigenous groups. The majority of them belong to the Mapuche (87%), the Aymara (7%) and the Atacameños (3%). The Mapuche live in the southern part of Chile and carry a long history of resistance to invasion of their lands. From being an ideal- ized group of freedom fighters during the war of independence, they became the antipode of the newly established Chilean nation state (1099, 99). The first Mapuche organization, the Sociedad Caupoli- 1099 [Waldman Mitnick, 2005] can Defensora de la Araucania (Caupolican Society Defender of the Araucania), was created in 1910. Since its beginnings Mapuche or- ganizations placed emphasis on the existing division between the Mapuche people and the dominant Chilean society thereby insist- ing upon a definition of the Mapuche people as a “nation" (nacion) or “people-nation" (pueblo-nacion) (1100, 40 ff.). Further claims in- 1100 [Naguil Gomez, 2013] cluded territorial rights and governmental support to fight poverty (1101, 183). 1101 [Pinto Rodriguez, 2012] Among the other indigenous groups that are not the Mapuche, we find the Rapa Nui, i.e. the native inhabitants of Easter Island. These were incorporated into Chilean territory in 1896, as the Chilean state started to exert effective control over the island, previously merely a protectorate (1102). Since their inclusion into Chilean territory, they 1102 [McCall, 1997] were displaced, dispossessed and restricted in various of their rights (1103, 1104). Their island was first ruled by a company (the Easter 1103 [McCall, 1997] Island Exploitation Company) until the 1950s, when the Chilean 1104 [Makihara, 2005] state refused to renew its lease and implemented navy martial rule on the island (1105). -
The Indigenous World 2014
IWGIA THE INDIGENOUS WORLD 2014 This yearbook contains a comprehensive update on the cur- rent situation of indigenous peoples and their human rights, THE INDIGENOUS WORLD and provides an overview of the most important developments in international and regional processes during 2013. In 73 articles, indigenous and non-indigenous scholars and activists provide their insight and knowledge to the book with country reports covering most of the indigenous world, and updated information on international and regional processes relating to indigenous peoples. The Indigenous World 2014 is an essential source of informa- tion and indispensable tool for those who need to be informed THE INDIGENOUS WORLD 2014 about the most recent issues and developments that have impacted on indigenous peoples worldwide. 2014 INTERNATIONAL WORK GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS 3 THE INDIGENOUS WORLD 2014 Copenhagen 2014 THE INDIGENOUS WORLD 2014 Compilation and editing: Cæcilie Mikkelsen Regional editors: Arctic & North America: Kathrin Wessendorf Mexico, Central and South America: Alejandro Parellada Australia and the Pacific: Cæcilie Mikkelsen Asia: Christian Erni and Christina Nilsson The Middle East: Diana Vinding and Cæcilie Mikkelsen Africa: Marianne Wiben Jensen and Geneviève Rose International Processes: Lola García-Alix and Kathrin Wessendorf Cover and typesetting: Jorge Monrás Maps: Jorge Monrás English translation: Elaine Bolton Proof reading: Elaine Bolton Prepress and Print: Eks-Skolens Trykkeri, Copenhagen, Denmark © The authors and The International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (IWGIA), 2014 - All Rights Reserved HURRIDOCS CIP DATA The reproduction and distribution of information contained Title: The Indigenous World 2014 in The Indigenous World is welcome as long as the source Edited by: Cæcilie Mikkelsen is cited.