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Dg(Sanco)/8272/2006 Mr - Final EUROPEAN COMMISSION HEALTH & CONSUMER PROTECTION DIRECTORATE-GENERAL Directorate F - Food and Veterinary Office DG(SANCO)/8272/2006 MR - FINAL REPORT OF A MISSION CARRIED OUT IN ITALY FROM 10 TO 19 OCTOBER 2006 IN ORDER TO EVALUATE THE SITUATION AND CONTROLS FOR ANOPLOPHORA CHINENSIS 15/06/07 - 38360 Executive summary This report describes the outcome of a mission carried out in Italy from 10 to 19 October 2006. The objective of the mission was to evaluate the situation and control measures for the Citrus longhorn beetle - Anoplophora chinesis - in Italy. This pest is present only in Lombardy; it is believed to have been introduced with bonsai plants imported from Asia. It was first discovered in Italy in 2000, but was not officially notified to the Commission until 2005. In spite of its name, this pest is polyphagous and has caused serious damage in Italy on a range of woody species, including maple, plane, birch, beech, apple and pear. Three non-infested regions visited during the mission carry out monitoring inspections including for this pest. Only Piedmont has carried out a targeted and intensive survey, in areas bordering Lombardy. No evidence of the pest has been found in any other region. Lombardy has put in place an extensive control programme under regional legislation and funding. The control programme is being impeded by a lack of resources and in spite of the measures taken, the pest continues to spread. It has now been found over an area of approximately 100 km2 and was found for the first time in urban areas of Milan in 2006. So far there has been no national involvement in the control of the pest. Although the control programme is generally well supported, many outbreaks are now in private gardens and householders are reluctant for their trees to be destroyed. As a result of the presumed pathway for introduction, Lombardy has introduced regional legislation imposing inter alia a two-year quarantine period for host plants from Asia (e.g. bonsai) introduced into the region. These measures have not been notified to the Commission. In spite of the measures taken, the pest continues to spread and has the potential to pose a significant risk to surrounding regions and other Member States. Recommendations are made in the report to address the shortcomings found. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................5 2. OBJECTIVE................................................................................................................5 3. LEGAL BASIS............................................................................................................5 4. RELEVANT COMMUNITY LEGISLATION...........................................................6 5. BACKGROUND.........................................................................................................6 5.1. Previous missions ..............................................................................................6 5.2. Anoplophora chinensis ......................................................................................6 6. MAIN FINDINGS.......................................................................................................7 6.1. National situation...............................................................................................7 6.2. Situation of A. chinensis in Lombardy ..............................................................9 6.3. Control programme for A. chinensis in Lombardy..........................................11 6.4. Control measures for A. chinensis in Lombardy .............................................13 6.5. Research and Development .............................................................................17 7. CONCLUSIONS.......................................................................................................18 7.1. National situation.............................................................................................18 7.2. Situation of A. chinensis in Lombardy ............................................................19 7.3. Control programme for A. chinensis in Lombardy..........................................19 7.4. Control measures for A. chinensis in Lombardy .............................................20 7.5. Research and development..............................................................................20 7.6. Overall conclusion...........................................................................................20 8. CLOSING MEETING...............................................................................................21 9. RECOMMENDATIONS ..........................................................................................21 10. SINGLE AUTHORITY RESPONSE TO RECOMMENDATIONS .......................21 3 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE REPORT EPPO European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation ERSAF The Regional Agency for Agricultural and Forest Development FVO Food and Veterinary Office SFR Servizio Fitosanitario Regionale (Regional Phytosanitary Service) 4 1. INTRODUCTION The mission took place in Italy from the 10 to 19 October 2006 as part of the Food and Veterinary Office's (FVO) planned mission programme. It was combined with two other missions: DG(SANCO)8274/2006 - to evaluate the situation and control of Dryocosmus kuriphilus in Italy and DG(SANCO)8273/2006 - to evaluate the control measures taken against Diabrotica virgifera virgifera in Italy; separate reports will be issued for these. The mission team consisted of four FVO inspectors; it was accompanied by representatives of each Regional Phytosanitary Service (SFR - Servizio Fitosanitario Regionale) during visits in their region. A pre-mission questionnaire was sent to the Single Authority, requesting information and data relevant to the mission, which was completed and returned to the FVO, before the start of the mission. An opening meeting was held on 10 October 2006 at the headquarters of the Piedmont SFR in Turin, during which, the objectives and itinerary for the mission were confirmed. A closing meeting was held at the headquarters of the Single Authority, in Rome on 19 October 2006. 2. OBJECTIVE The objective of the mission was to evaluate the situation and control measures for Anoplophora chinensis, with particular reference to Council Directive 2000/29/EC1 of 8 May on protective measures against the introduction into the Community of organisms harmful to plants or plant products and against their spread within the Community. In pursuit of this objective, the following sites were visited: COMPETENT AUTHORITY VISITS Comments Single Authority Headquarters 1 Servizio Fitosanitario Centrale, Rome Responsible 4 Lazio, Lombardy and Piedmont SFR Official Bodies PLANT HEALTH CONTROL SITES Comments Outbreak sites Lombardy, area of 2 Private garden and public areas Parabiago Lombardy, area of 1 Public park Milan Other Sites: Lombardy, area of 1 Collection site for disposal of infested and symptomatic Parabiago trees 3. LEGAL BASIS The mission was carried out under the general mandate of Articles 21 and 27a of Directive 2000/29/EC. Community legislation cited in this report refers, where applicable, to the version as last amended. 1OJ L 169, 10.07.2000, p.01 5 4. RELEVANT COMMUNITY LEGISLATION • Directive 2000/29/EC. 5. BACKGROUND A. chinensis is listed in Annex I Part A Section I to Directive 2000/29/EC – its introduction into and spread within the European Union is prohibited. Article 16(1) of the same Directive requires the immediate notification of its presence and that all necessary measures to eradicate, or if that is impossible, to inhibit the spread of the pest, be taken. 5.1. Previous missions The FVO has previously carried out several missions to Italy on a variety of topics. These are available on the FVO web-site: http://ec.europa.eu/food/fvo/ir_search_en.cfm 5.2. Anoplophora chinensis The Citrus longhorn beetle - Anoplophora chinensis – is found in Asia, principally China, Japan and Korea, where it causes extensive damage, particularly in orchards. Despite its common name, A. chinensis is polyphagous and is damaging to at least 50 species of woody plants in addition to Citrus and is highly damaging to at least four Genera: Acer, Betula, Carpinus and Corylus, all of which are common in northern Italy. A. chinensis is included on the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organisation (EPPO) Alert List. Further information on this pest is available from their web-site: www.eppo.org. The pest has been occasionally intercepted by Member States on wood packing material and bonsai plants originating in eastern Asia. There have been two outbreaks reported in the European Union; in 2000 in the Region of Lombardy in northern Italy, and in 2004 a limited outbreak in Soyons in France, which is reported to have been successfully eradicated. The outbreak in Lombardy was discovered in a nursery situated in Parabiago in June 2000, as a result of a survey carried out by the Institute of Entomology of the Agricultural University of Milan. This survey was funded by the SFR in order to check for possible introductions of exotic pests in nurseries and glasshouses near Milan. There are some reports that indicate that the pest was present in the region much earlier – for example, adult A. chinensis was found in a specimen collection from 19972. In addition, the mission team visited an outbreak in a park in the west of Milan, where there was extensive damage caused by this pest.
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