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U-Pb Zircon Geochronology and Geochemical Characterization of Pre-Alpine Metagranitoids and Metasediments of the Seckau Nappe System, Eastern Alps

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U-Pb Zircon Geochronology and Geochemical Characterization of Pre-Alpine Metagranitoids and Metasediments of the Seckau Nappe System, Eastern Alps U-Pb zircon geochronology and geochemical characterization of pre-Alpine metagranitoids and metasediments of the Seckau Nappe System, Eastern Alps DISSERTATION / DOCTORAL THESIS zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades / to obtain the academic degree of Doktor der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) vorgelegt von / submitted by Magdalena Mandl, MSc NAWI Graz Geocenter, Institute of Earth Sciences University of Graz, Austria Gutachter / Reviewers: Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Walter Kurz Ao.Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr.rer.nat. Christoph Hauzenberger Graz, Jänner, 2020 Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to thank my supervisors Walter Kurz and Christoph Hauzenberger for their unlimited and ongoing support, many valuable discussions, guidance and advice during all stages of this research. My gratitude extends to Harald Fritz for his scientific inputs, reviews and enthusiasm for this project. I would like to thank Urs Klötzli for introducing me to the world of U-Pb zircon geochronology and for many helpful discussions. I am grateful to Dorothee Hippler for her assistance to handle the laser ablation-multi collector-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (LA-MC-ICPMS). I want to thank Ralf Schuster for his constructive comments that helped to improve the first part of this manuscript. Many thanks to Fritz Finger for insightful discussions and to Stefan Pfingstl for providing some of his samples for U-Pb age dating. I also would like to thank all the staff at the Institute of Earth Sciences for their constant support during the last years. My gratitude extends to all my colleagues and friends at the Institute of Earth Sciences. Special thanks to Jenny, Gerald, Philip, Pevo, Dennis, Jule, Zsofi, Angie, Isaline, Tom, Marcus and Dominik for a good working atmosphere, team spirit and support. Jenny, it was a great pleasure to share the office with you. Thank you for a good mood every day, good ideas, comments and interesting, not only scientific, discussions! Finally, I want to thank my family and friends whose constant support helped me to achieve this goal. Last but not least, I would like to express my sincere thanks to those who have helped me to finish this doctoral thesis and I have not mentioned here by name. Many thanks to all of you! i Abstract New petrographic, geochemical and geochronological data from paragneisses and metagranitoids of the Seckau Complex allow deeper insights into the pre-Alpine continental crust of the Eastern Alps. Based on these data a new subdivision of the crystalline basement of the Seckau Complex, into the following three lithostratigraphic sub-units, is proposed. (1) The Glaneck Metamorphic Suite is mainly composed of fine-grained paragneisses (and mica schists) that yield U-Pb zircon ages between 572 ± 7 Ma and 559 ± 11 Ma. These pre-Cambrian paragneisses are the host rock for the two subsequent intrusion events represented by plutonic bodies of the Hochreichart Plutonic Suite and the later emplaced Hintertal Plutonic Suite. (2) The Hochreichart Plutonic Suite is mainly composed of less to strong deformed granites and granodiorites indicating a peraluminous character (A/CNK = 1.08-1.51), a Rb/Sr ratio > 45, a significant negative Eu anomaly as well as U-Pb zircon ages in the range from 508 ± 9 Ma to 486 ± 9 Ma. These late Cambrian to Early Ordovician rocks are not very common in the Eastern Alps and reflect most likely the re-attachment event of the Cadomian Arc to Gondwana. (3) The Hintertal Plutonic Suite mainly comprises slightly to strongly deformed intermediate to acidic intrusion bodies. They display a meta- to peraluminous character (A/CNK = 0.88-1.23), a magmatic fractionation trend with Rb/Sr ratios ≤ 0.45 and U-Pb zircon ages in the range between 365 ± 11 Ma and 343 ± 12 Ma. Based on petrographic and geochemical characteristics the Hintertal Plutonic Suite can be further subdivided into (a) the Pletzen Pluton and (b) the Griessstein Pluton. The Pletzen Pluton is composed of intermediate to acidic intrusion bodies that are mainly meta- to weakly peraluminous in composition (A/CNK = 0.88 to 1.10) and show no significant Eu anomaly. Large-sized titanite crystals and green- colored biotite minerals, observed under a microscope, characterize this sub-unit. In contrast, the predominantly acidic rocks of the Griessstein Pluton indicate a more fractionated melt with a peraluminous character (A/CNK= 1.10 to 1.23) and a weakly developed Eu anomaly. The intrusive rocks of the Pletzen Pluton can be related to the subduction process of the Paleotethys prior to the collision event of Gondwana and Laurussia. The rocks of the Griessstein Pluton are considered to represent the fractionation product from the more primitive Pletzen melt. In addition to comprehensive investigations of the Seckau Complex its sedimentary cover, the Rannach Formation, was also examined. The detrital zircon age spectrum of sedimentary rocks from the Rannach Formation indicates a wide range of ages including Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic (e.g., 2063 ± 30 Ma), late Neoproterozoic (555 ± 7 Ma), Cambrian (508 ± 7 Ma), Ordovician (457 ± 7 Ma), Late Devonian/early Carboniferous (358 ± 5 Ma) and Permian (293 ± 6 Ma) ages. These U-Pb zircon ages display predominantly the same ages as observed from different basement units of the Seckau Complex. Only Ordovician and Permian zircon ages are not documented in the rocks of the Seckau Complex and suggest more regional sources. ii Zusammenfassung Neue petrographische, geochemische und geochronologische Daten von Paragneisen und Metagranitoiden des Seckau-Komplexes ermöglichen tiefe Einblicke in die voralpidisch gebildete kontinentale Kruste der Ostalpen. Basierend auf diesen neuen Daten kann das kristalline Grundgebirge des Seckau-Komplexes in die nacholgenden drei lithostratigraphischen Einheiten gegliedert werden. (1) Die Glaneck Metamorphic Suite besteht vorwiegend aus feinkörnigen Paragneisen (und Glimmerschiefern) die ein U-Pb-Zirkonalter zwischen 572 ± 7 Ma und 559 ± 11 Ma aufweisen. Diese präkambrischen Paragneisse bilden den kristallinen Rahmen für die nachfolgend eindringenden Plutonite der Hochreichart Plutonic Suite und der Hintertal Plutonic Suite. (2) Die Hochreichart Plutonic Suite besteht hauptsächlich aus leicht bis stark deformierten Graniten und Granodioriten, die einen peraluminösen Charakter (A / CNK = 1,08-1,51), ein Rb/Sr Verhältnis > 45, eine negative Eu- Anomalie sowie U-P Zirkonalter zwischen 508 ± 9 Ma und 486 ± 9 Ma zeigen. Diese spät- kambrischen bis früh-ordovizischen Gesteine sind selten in den Ostalpen zu finden und spiegeln wahrscheinlich die Wiederanbindung des Cadomischen Bogens an Gondwana wider (3) Die Hintertal Plutonic Suite umfasst hauptsächlich leicht bis stark deformierte Intrusivgesteine mit einer intermediären bis sauren Zusammensetzung. Diese Gesteine weisen einen meta- bis peraluminösen Charakter (A /CNK = 0,88 bis 1,23), einen Fraktionierungstrend mit Rb/Sr Verhältnissen ≤ 45 sowie U-Pb Zirkonalter im Bereich von 365 ± 11 Ma bis 343 ± 12 Ma auf. Aufgrund petrographischer und geochemischer Merkmale kann die Hintertal Plutonic Suite weiter in den (a) Pletzen Pluton und (b) den Griessstein Pluton unterteilt werden. Der Pletzen Pluton setzt sich aus intermediären bis sauren Intrusivkörpern zusammen, die einen meta- bis leicht peraluminösen (A / CNK = 0,88 bis 1,10) Charakter sowie keine Eu-Anomalie aufweisen. Diese Gesteine zeigen typischerweise große Titanite und Biotite mit einer grünen Eigenfarbe unter dem Lichtmikroskop. Die überwiegend sauren Gesteine des Griessstein Plutons repräsentieren stark fraktionierte Schmelzen, die einen peraluminösen Charakter (A / CNK = 1,10 bis 1,23) und eine nur schwach ausgeprägte Eu-Anomalie zeigen. Die Intrusivgesteine des Pletzen Plutons können mit dem Subduktionsereignis der Paleotethys infolge der Kollision von Gondwana und Laurussia in Verbindung gebracht werden. Die Gesteine des Griessstein Plutons repräsentieren vermutlich fraktionierte Schmelzen der primitiveren Pletzen Schmelze. Neben umfassenden Untersuchungen des Seckau-Komplexes wurde auch dessen sedimentäre Bedeckung, die Rannach Formation, untersucht. Das Altersspektrum der detritären Zirkone der sedimentären Gesteine der Rannach Formation umfasst neoarchäische bis paläoproterozoische (z.B.: 2063 ± 30 Ma), spät-neoproterozoische (555 ± 7 Ma), kambrische (508 ± 7 Ma), ordovizische (457 ± 7 Ma), spät-devonische/früh-karbonische (358 ± 5 Ma) und permische (293 ± 6 Ma) Alter. Diese U-Pb Alter spiegeln dieselben Alter wider, wie sie in den verschiedenen Einheiten des Seckau- Komlexes beobachtet wurden. Einzig ordovizische und permische Zirkonalter wurden in den Gesteinen des Seckau-Komplexes nicht dokumentiert und lassen auf ein regionaleres Liefergebiet schließen. iii Table of contents Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................................... i Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... ii Zusammenfassung.......................................................................................................................... iii 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Objectives of this study ...................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Geological overview ..........................................................................................................
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