Municipal Corporation

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Category of Initiative : “Technical Innovation”

Title of the Initiative : “Leakage Mapping and its’ Positive Impact”

Presentation by : Jatin Shah, City Engineer, SMC Location: Surat City

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GAMTAL G.E.B. Power House GAMTAL Utran E 53 V Utran 69 I Dabholi Katargam R I Nanavarachha G.I.D.C. P 76 K a t a r g a m A Jahangirabad T 30 51 NORTH ZONE31 29 Singanpor 129 71 70 D.T.P.S. NO - 20 D.T.P.S. NO - 20 (Nana V arach ha-Kapadra) 50 WEIR CUM CAUSE WAY T.P.S.NO.18 (Katargam) T.P.S.-15 Simada TO BHESAN (Fulpada) T.P.S.NO.1 4 T.P.S.NO.3 (Rander Adajan) (Katargam)

Fulpada T.P.S. NO 16 59 T.P.S.NO.4 D.T.P.S.NO.17 (Kapa dra ) Ashwanikumar Navagam (Fulpada) Palanpor Tunki D.T .P.S. NO.24 19 D.T.P.S. NO.23 T.P.S.NO.13 45 (Rander) (Adajan) T.P.S.NO .1 (Lal Darwa ja)) 172 T.P.S.NO.11 7 72 (Adajan) EAST ZONE 33 T.P.S.NO.3 1 (Karanj) WEST ZONE 12 62 Puna 14 35 18 57 EXIST.NEHRU BRIDGE T.P.S.NO.12 13 (Adajan) 41 40 SWAMI VIVEKANAND BRIDGE 61 37 60 T.P.S.NO.8 10 (Umarwada ) Magob LOW LEVEL BRIDGE 15 11 TO HAZIRA 77 Adajan 75 21 43 34 17 T.P.S. NO.10 64 CENTRAL4 Pal ( Adajan) EXTST.SARDAR BRIDGE 23 32 3 TO KADODRA 73 65 26ZONE25 DUMBHAL 36 46 54 24 TO HAZIRA 16 55 20 T .P.S.NO. 5 6 Ath42wa Umra 52

SOUTHT.P.S. NO.7 EAST 22 ( Anjana) T.P.S.N47O. 6 5 39 (Majura khatodra) 74 66 E 49 58 T.P.S. NO.9 ( Majura) V T.P.S.NO. 5 Umra North I R 67 ZONEA Godadra 68 I R L W

GUJARAT AGRICULTU RE A UNIVERCITY (PANAS FA RM ) Y I L A

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O-63 Recreation 31 (S4.U7.D.A)

Gabheni Surat City

• 2nd largest city in Gujarat • 42 % of the world’s total rough diamond cutting and polishing, • 9th largest in India • 70 % of the nation’s total rough diamond • Among the fastest growing cities in India. cutting and polishing, • 40 % of the nation’s total diamond exports, • 40 % of the nation’s total man made fabric production, • 28 % of the nation’s total man made fibre production • 18 % of the nation’s total man made fibre export, and • 12 % of the nation’s total fabric production. • Large number of textile process houses. NAVSARI • Over 550 units granted Consent GREATER SURAT IN REGIONAL CONTEXT Growth of City

Year Area in Population • Historical Development Of Surat Sq. Km (in Million) Dates Back To 300 BC.

1951 8.18 0.223 • Municipality Established In 1852 1961 8.18 0.288 AD.

1971 33.85 0.472 • Municipal Corporation Formed In 1981 55.56 0.776 1966. 1991 111.16 1.499 2001 112.27 2.434 2001* 326.51 2.877 2010 326.51 ~ 4.400 Surat: Infrastructure Overview

Service Present Status

Water treatment capacity 1178 MLD

Water storage capacity 638 Million Liters

T&D network 2750 km

STP capacity 708.5 MLD

Collection network 1300.0 km

Storm drainage 577 km

Solid waste Collection 1150 MT/day Water Supply System of Surat City – Present Status At a Glance

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 Population covered under piped network:- 86 % of projected pop. 44 Lacs

 Area covered under piped network:- (Area of city increased in year 2006 from 112.28 Sq.Km. to 326.51 Sq.km)  For area of city before extension : 98 %  For area of city after extension: 57 %

 Source of Water: River Tapi

 Total numbers of Water Works:- 4

 Total numbers of Water Distribution Stations: 17

 Total Installed capacity of all WTP:- 1178 MLD

 Present gross daily average water supply: 780 MLD

 Frequency of water supply: Average 3 hours daily

 Total Storage capacity of all UGSR & ESR:- 638 ML

 Total Approx. length of all water supply pipelines:- 2750 Km. Leakage through pipelines – Reasons

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 Leakages may occur in water supply pipelines due to various reasons as shown in the diagram below. Leakage through pipelines – A Nuisance

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 A small leak in the middle of a road can cause tremendous trouble to the citizens.

 It disrupts traffic on roads.

 Less quantity of water to consumers than planned.

 Loss of treated water amounts to a considerable financial loss and therefore affecting sustainability of the system.

 A leak of only one litre per minute corresponds to 525,600 litres per year.

 Leaks increase operating costs

 A potential source for contamination of treated safe water Leakage Mapping – Objectives

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 Leakage mapping is necessary because normally;  leakages repaired on a piece-meal basis.  leakage repaired without attention to the root cause of the problem.

 Frequent leakages in a particular portion of pipeline requires special attention and suitable action to solve it in a sustainable manner.  Preparing a map showing frequent leakage prone locations.

 Addressing the problem in scientific approach;  gives sustainable results  reduces complaints of leakage & contamination of water. Leakage Mapping – Need of the hour

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 The Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India has chosen the city of Surat among pilot cities for implementing Service Level Benchmarking for four urban basic services and it includes “Drinking water Supply”.

 To achieve NRW within 20% standard limit is an important parameter of Service Level Benchmarking (SLB), as suggested by MoUD and adopted by SMC.

 As a constant endeavour to achieve the targeted SLB, Non- Revenue Water (NRW) cell of Surat Municipal Corporation has started functioning.  Leakage Mapping is an important activity of NRW cell,  Leakage Mapping is a “No cost, Low Cost initiative” to bring down NRW. Leakage Mapping – Mechanism Flow-chart

After Discussion with Frequent Leakage Fault Finding & Solution Leakage team/ Fitter Remedial Measures Implementation Frequent Leakage Mapping HQ-AutoCad – Monthly Review

By Zones By Head Quarter By outsourcing (AMC)

Pipe 550 -750 mm dia. Pipe < 550 mm dia. Pipe > 750 mm dia. Leakage Repairs

Leakage Reporting: Leakage Complaint: •All Zones Report to HQ daily •Customer Complaint- Web/Helpline •HE reports to Comm. weekly •Departmental / Zonal leak detection team

Water Pipeline Customer Complaints - Leakage & Contamination

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 Customers’ leakage complaints are generally related to ferrule level water connection.

 Customer can make a complaint by;

 Internet on SMC’s website www.suratminicipal.gov.in  helpline phone numbers  visiting nearest City Civic Center / ward office / zone office.

 Customer complaints regarding leakage/contamination of tap water attended within 24 hours.

 Customers are informed by email/phone when their complaints are resolved.

 Customer’s feedback is also taken to know their level of satisfaction Complaint Management System (web) Leakage Mapping – Methodology

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 Major leaks on roads are reported by;  HQ NRW team /zonal teams of beldars from 7 different zones.  officers, engineers on field visit,  health workers working in the field

 All leakages are repaired promptly by;  Fitter team of zones for water supply pipelines up to 550 mm dia.  Fitter team of Hydraulic Department (HQ) for water supply pipelines from 600 to 750 mm size  Outsourcing the job to private agencies on Annual maintenance contract for leakage repairs on all major water supply trunk mains/ transmission pipelines of dia. greater than 750mm.

 All 7 zones and Hydraulic Department (HQ) has;  a dedicated team of beldars headed by a fitter (known as fitter team)  a separate JCB machine & dewatering pumps for this job. Leakage Mapping – Methodology

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 All leakage complaints are registered by every zone in a separate register.

 All zones prepare a summarized statement of all leakages including;  New leakages found,  Leakages repaired on the previous day  leakages under repairs

 All zones report daily in a standard format to Hydraulic Department at Head Quarter.

 Hydraulic Engineer prepares a summarized daily report of leakages for all zones.

 Summarized report is reviewed by Municipal Commissioner in weekly meeting of Health & Engineering. Leakage Mapping – Methodology

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 In weekly leakage report from all zones, frequent leakage spots are sorted out and shown on water supply network map in computer.

 These spots are then observed carefully for the probable cause during the leakage repairing and accordingly reported by the concerned engineer of the department.

 Remedial measures for these frequent leakage spots are then taken as per the requirements.

 Due to graphical presentation of leakage mapping, frequent leakage spots do not escape unnoticed as a routine leakage repairing exercise.

 Regularly updated Leakage mapping acts like a History card for water supply network at any point of time. Case Study : Scientific Solution of A Leakage Spot Case Study : Scientific Solution of A Leakage Spot Water Supply Leakage Mapping – Initiative started with Central Zone

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 Central zone of the city was found more leakage prone, compared to others due to age old pipeline.

 A study of leakage complaints received in past several years gave an idea of preparing a map showing frequent leakage prone locations.

 In last 5 years, about 25000 meters of pipeline length of 100 to 200 mm dia. was replaced in central zone. LEAKAGE MAPPING – CENTRAL ZONE

20 Results of Action Taken – Reduced Leakage Complaints 21

IMPACT OF LEAKAGE MAPPING - CENTRAL ZONE

1400 1274 1258 Positive Impact of Leakage mapping 1200 1018 1000 857 827 819 800

600 Till August 2011

400 307

NOS. OF COMPLAINTS 200

0 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 YEAR

Leakage

Positive impact of reduced number of leakages to the extent of 32% for central zone of Surat has been depicted well in the chart above. Leakage Mapping: Initiative in Rander Gamtal

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 Water supply pipelines in Rander Gamtal area are very old - like in case of Central zone of the city.

 During the span of 3 years before initiative, 274 complaints of leakages & 38 complaints for contamination of water were attended in Rander Gamtal area.

 Leakage Mapping was carried out for Rander Gamtal area and specific spots were identified.

 As per Leakage Mapping, few pipelines in that area are replaced stage-wise in year 2010-11. Leakage Mapping - For Rander Gamtal area

23 Leakage Mapping – Rander Gamtal

24 Leakage Mapping - Details

25 Initiative : Entire Surat City

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 After successful implementation in central zone & Rander Gamtal (village area), the same initiative was continued in other zones of the city too.  After mapping leakages in all zones of Surat, corrective action of changing the required pipelines, faulty valves etc. has been started.  Positive impact of reduced number of leakages to the extent of almost 30% per year for all zones of Surat. Results of Action Taken – Reduced Leakages – All Zones 27

IMPACT OF LEAKAGE MAPPING - ALL ZONES

12000

9903 Positive Impact of Leakage mapping 10000 9644 8392 8000 7107 6733 6633 6000 Till August 2011 4000 2888

2000 NOS. OF COMPLAINTS

0 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 YEAR

Leakage Reduced Nos. of Leakages per Km of Pipe length

5.00 4.59 Positive Impact of Leakage mapping 4.50 4.40

4.00 3.61 3.50

3.00 2.75 2.60 2.58 2.50

2.00

1.50 Ratio (Leakages/Pipe length) (Leakages/Pipe Ratio 1.00

0.50

0.00 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Year Frequent Leakage & Contamination spots attended

29 Nos. of frequent Nos. of frequent Sr. No. Area leakage spots contamination attended spots attended 1 Central Zone 22 13

2 Rander Gamtal 68 44

3 West Zone (except Rander gamtal) 7 0

4 North Zone 23 19

5 South Zone 33 11

6 East Zone 11 12

7 South-West Zone 17 4

8 South-East Zone 4 7

TOTAL 185 110 Quantifiable Benefits

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 All the benefits of leakage mapping can not be measured / quantified due to being very dynamic in nature.

 Hypothetical calculation of benefits due to leakage mapping;  Problem of 185 frequent leakage spots & 110 contamination spots solved.  Prevented probable wastage of 708 ML potable water, which saved almost Rs.21.24 Lacs  Road reinstatement after leakage repairs would have cost almost Rs.191.16 Lacs  So, total Rs.212.40 Lacs saved through Leakage Mapping Benefits

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 Saving of precious potable water & energy cost due to less leakage problem.

 Frequent digging of roads and concurrent chances of damage to other services avoided – saving in cost.

 Less chances of outbreak of water borne diseases.

 Problem of water pressure can be solved partly.

 Other socio-economical benefits can not be measured in monetary terms. Conclusion

32 “Leakage Mapping”  History card for the water supply network.  A very simple yet effective method,  Very high potential for replication.  “No cost, Low Cost initiative to bring down NRW”. 33

“Let’s save water for our city, country and the world”