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The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition 1955-1958
THE COMMONWEALTH TRANS-ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION 1955-1958 HOW THE CROSSING OF ANTARCTICA MOVED NEW ZEALAND TO RECOGNISE ITS ANTARCTIC HERITAGE AND TAKE AN EQUAL PLACE AMONG ANTARCTIC NATIONS A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree PhD - Doctor of Philosophy (Antarctic Studies – History) University of Canterbury Gateway Antarctica Stephen Walter Hicks 2015 Statement of Authority & Originality I certify that the work in this thesis has not been previously submitted for a degree nor has it been submitted as part of requirements for a degree except as fully acknowledged within the text. I also certify that the thesis has been written by me. Any help that I have received in my research and the preparation of the thesis itself has been acknowledged. In addition, I certify that all information sources and literature used are indicated in the thesis. Elements of material covered in Chapter 4 and 5 have been published in: Electronic version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume00,(0), pp.1-12, (2011), Cambridge University Press, 2011. Print version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume 49, Issue 1, pp. 50-61, Cambridge University Press, 2013 Signature of Candidate ________________________________ Table of Contents Foreword .................................................................................................................................. -
Crean Traverse 2016 Report
SOUTH GEORGIA – CREAN SHACKLETON TRAVERSE 2016 TRAVERSE TEAM PELAGIC CREW Cian d’Arcy (Ireland) Alec Hazell (UK) - Skipper Morgan d’Arcy (Ireland) Giselle Hazell (South Africa) Aileen Crean O’Brien (Ireland) Bill Sheppard (UK) Crag Jones (UK) – Joint Leader Stephen Venables (UK) – Joint Leader The Crean Glacier and Antarctic Bay from Trident Ridge This expedition was the culmination of many years dreaming and planning by Aileen Crean O’Brien, to follow in the steps of her grandfather Tom Crean on the centenary of his famous traverse with Shackleton and Worsley. Aileen was accompanied by her two sons, Cian and Morgan, and her partner Bill Sheppard, with Crag Jones and Stephen Venables as mountain leaders. Although five of the team were successful, an unlucky accident stopped Aileen herself from completing the traverse. !1 SOUTH GEORGIA – CREAN SHACKLETON TRAVERSE 2016 Salvesen and Crean teams at Grytviken The Crean team boarded Pelagic in Stanley on TRAVERSE – DAY 1 – October 8 September 17, reaching South Georgia the We left King Haakon Bay at 05.30, travelling following week. While waiting to rendezvous on skis, towing pulks. Some bare ice with Jones and Venables, they spent several necessitated wearing crampons for the initial days doing short day walks from anchorages climb onto the glacier. Thereafter, snow on the Barff Peninsula, guided by Alec and conditions were good. The weather was calm, Giselle Hazell, enjoying the same excellent but with persistent cloud at around 500 metres. weather which had benefited the Salvesen At 14.30 we stopped to camp just below the Range Expedition. Trident Ridge, just by the second col from the left. -
Scott's Discovery Expedition
New Light on the British National Antarctic Expedition (Scott’s Discovery Expedition) 1901-1904. Andrew Atkin Graduate Certificate in Antarctic Studies (GCAS X), 2007/2008 CONTENTS 1 Preamble 1.1 The Canterbury connection……………...………………….…………4 1.2 Primary sources of note………………………………………..………4 1.3 Intent of this paper…………………………………………………...…5 2 Bernacchi’s road to Discovery 2.1 Maria Island to Melbourne………………………………….…….……6 2.2 “.…that unmitigated fraud ‘Borky’ ……………………….……..….….7 2.3 Legacies of the Southern Cross…………………………….…….…..8 2.4 Fellowship and Authorship………………………………...…..………9 2.5 Appointment to NAE………………………………………….……….10 2.6 From Potsdam to Christchurch…………………………….………...11 2.7 Return to Cape Adare……………………………………….….…….12 2.8 Arrival in Winter Quarters-establishing magnetic observatory…...13 2.9 The importance of status………………………….……………….…14 3 Deeds of “Derring Doe” 3.1 Objectives-conflicting agendas…………………….……………..….15 3.2 Chivalrous deeds…………………………………….……………..…16 3.3 Scientists as Heroes……………………………….…….……………19 3.4 Confused roles……………………………….……..………….…...…21 3.5 Fame or obscurity? ……………………………………..…...….……22 2 4 “Scarcely and Exhibition of Control” 4.1 Experiments……………………………………………………………27 4.2 “The Only Intelligent Transport” …………………………………….28 4.3 “… a blasphemous frame of mind”……………………………….…32 4.4 “… far from a picnic” …………………………………………………34 4.5 “Usual retine Work diggin out Boats”………...………………..……37 4.6 Equipment…………………………………………………….……….38 4.8 Reflections on management…………………………………….…..39 5 “Walking to Christchurch” 5.1 Naval routines………………………………………………………….43 -
We Look for Light Within
“We look for light from within”: Shackleton’s Indomitable Spirit “For scientific discovery, give me Scott; for speed and efficiency of travel, give me Amundsen; but when you are in a hopeless situation, when you are seeing no way out, get down on your knees and pray for Shackleton.” — Raymond Priestley Shackleton—his name defines the “Heroic Age of Antarctica Exploration.” Setting out to be the first to the South Pole and later the first to cross the frozen continent, Ernest Shackleton failed. Sent home early from Robert F. Scott’s Discovery expedition, seven years later turning back less than 100 miles from the South Pole to save his men from certain death, and then in 1914 suffering disaster at the start of the Endurance expedition as his ship was trapped and crushed by ice, he seems an unlikely hero whose deeds would endure to this day. But leadership, courage, wisdom, trust, empathy, and strength define the man. Shackleton’s spirit continues to inspire in the 100th year after the rescue of the Endurance crew from Elephant Island. This exhibit is a learning collaboration between the Rauner Special Collections Library and “Pole to Pole,” an environmental studies course taught by Ross Virginia examining climate change in the polar regions through the lens of history, exploration and science. Fifty-one Dartmouth students shared their research to produce this exhibit exploring Shackleton and the Antarctica of his time. Discovery: Keeping Spirits Afloat In 1901, the first British Antarctic expedition in sixty years commenced aboard the Discovery, a newly-constructed vessel designed specifically for this trip. -
British & European Paintings & Watercolours Old Master & Modern Prints
Printed Books, Maps & Documents 16 JUNE 2021 British & European Paintings & Watercolours Old Master & Modern Prints including The Oliver Hoare Collection 23 JULY 2021 Gerald Leslie Brockhurst (1890-1978). Dorette, 1932, etching on wove paper, one of 111 proofs, published May 1932, signed in pencil, plate size 234 x 187 mm (9.25 x 7.3 ins). Wright 72, vi/vi; Fletcher 72. Estimate £1500-2000 For further information or to consign please contact Nathan Winter or Susanna Winters: [email protected] [email protected] 01285 860006 PRINTED BOOKS, MAPS & DOCUMENTS 16 June 2021 commencing at 10am VIEWING: By appointment only AUCTIONEERS Nathan Winter Chris Albury John Trevers William Roman-Hilditch Mallard House, Broadway Lane, South Cerney, Cirencester, Gloucestershire, GL7 5UQ T: +44 (0) 1285 860006 E: [email protected] www.dominicwinter.co.uk IMPORTANT SALE INFORMATION: COVID-19 Please note that due to the UK government's COVID-19 lockdown restrictions currently in place for England there may be no bidding in person for this sale. Viewing for this sale is available by booked appointment only. Please check our website or contact the offices to make an appointment or for more information. All lots are fully illustrated on our website (www.dominicwinter.co.uk) and all our specialist staff are ready to provide detailed condition reports and additional images on request. We recommend that customers visit the online catalogue regularly as extra lot information and images will be added in the lead-up to the sale. CONDITION REPORTS -
Scurvy? Is a Certain There Amount of Medical Sure, for Know That Sheds Light on These Questions
J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2013; 43:175–81 Paper http://dx.doi.org/10.4997/JRCPE.2013.217 © 2013 Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh The role of scurvy in Scott’s return from the South Pole AR Butler Honorary Professor of Medical Science, Medical School, University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK ABSTRACT Scurvy, caused by lack of vitamin C, was a major problem for polar Correspondence to AR Butler, explorers. It may have contributed to the general ill-health of the members of Purdie Building, University of St Andrews, Scott’s polar party in 1912 but their deaths are more likely to have been caused by St Andrews KY16 9ST, a combination of frostbite, malnutrition and hypothermia. Some have argued that Scotland, UK Oates’s war wound in particular suffered dehiscence caused by a lack of vitamin C, but there is little evidence to support this. At the time, many doctors in Britain tel. +44 (0)1334 474720 overlooked the results of the experiments by Axel Holst and Theodor Frølich e-mail [email protected] which showed the effects of nutritional deficiencies and continued to accept the view, championed by Sir Almroth Wright, that polar scurvy was due to ptomaine poisoning from tainted pemmican. Because of this, any advice given to Scott during his preparations would probably not have helped him minimise the effect of scurvy on the members of his party. KEYWORDS Polar exploration, scurvy, Robert Falcon Scott, Lawrence Oates DECLaratIONS OF INTERESTS No conflicts of interest declared. INTRODUCTION The year 2012 marked the centenary of Robert -
Discovery: Crew List
OFFICIAL DISCOVERY EXPEDITION CREW The Discovery Crew included a mix of Royal Navy, Merchant Navy and civilian personnel. CREW Captain Scott, Expedition Leader Albert Armitage, Navigator and Second-in-Command Charles Royds, First Lieutenant Michael Barne, Second Lieutenant Ernest Shackleton, Third Lieutenant George Mulock, Third Lieutenant Reginald Skelton, Chief Engineer and Official Photographer James Dellbridge, Second Engineer William Lashly, Chief Stoker Arthur Quarterly, Leading Stoker Frank Plumley, Stoker Thomas Whitfield, Stoker Page, Stoker Arthur Pilbeam, Leading Seaman Frank Wild, Seaman Thomas Crean, Seaman John Baker, Seaman Bonner, Seaman George Crouchers, Seaman James Dell, Seaman George Vince, Seaman Walker, Seaman Waterman, Seaman William Weller, Seaman William Heald, Seaman Mardon, Seaman Masterton, Seaman Peters, Seaman Evans, Seaman Sinclair, Seaman Thomas Williamson, Seaman William Smythe, Petty Officer Edgar Evans, Petty Officer Ernest Joyce, Petty Officer David Allan, Petty Officer Jacob Cross, Petty Officer Thomas Kennar, Petty Officer William Macfarlane, Petty Officer Reginald Ford, Chief Steward Arthur Blissett, Steward Clarence Hare, Steward OFFICIAL Dowsett, Steward Gilbert Scott, Steward Roper, Cook Brett, Cook Charles Clarke, 2nd Cook Clarke, Laboratory Assistant Buckridge, Laboratory Assistant Fred Dailey, Carpenter James Duncan, Carpenter’s Mate & Shipwright Thomas Feather, Boatswain (Bosun) Miller, Sailmaker Hubert, Donkeyman SCIENTIFIC Dr George Murray, Chief Scientist (left the ship at Cape Town) Louis Bernacchi, Physicist Hartley Ferrar, Geologist Thomas Vere Hodgson, Marine Biologist Reginald Koettlitz, Doctor Edward Wilson, Junior Doctor and Zoologist . -
In Shackleton's Footsteps
In Shackleton’s Footsteps 20 March – 06 April 2019 | Polar Pioneer About Us Aurora Expeditions embodies the spirit of adventure, travelling to some of the most wild and adventure and discovery. Our highly experienced expedition team of naturalists, historians and remote places on our planet. With over 27 years’ experience, our small group voyages allow for destination specialists are passionate and knowledgeable – they are the secret to a fulfilling a truly intimate experience with nature. and successful voyage. Our expeditions push the boundaries with flexible and innovative itineraries, exciting wildlife Whilst we are dedicated to providing a ‘trip of a lifetime’, we are also deeply committed to experiences and fascinating lectures. You’ll share your adventure with a group of like-minded education and preservation of the environment. Our aim is to travel respectfully, creating souls in a relaxed, casual atmosphere while making the most of every opportunity for lifelong ambassadors for the protection of our destinations. DAY 1 | Wednesday 20 March 2019 Ushuaia, Beagle Channel Position: 21:50 hours Course: 84° Wind Speed: 5 knots Barometer: 1007.9 hPa & falling Latitude: 54°55’ S Speed: 9.4 knots Wind Direction: E Air Temp: 11°C Longitude: 67°26’ W Sea Temp: 9°C Finally, we were here, in Ushuaia aboard a sturdy ice-strengthened vessel. At the wharf Gary Our Argentinian pilot climbed aboard and at 1900 we cast off lines and eased away from the and Robyn ticked off names, nabbed our passports and sent us off to Kathrine and Scott for a wharf. What a feeling! The thriving city of Ushuaia receded as we motored eastward down the quick photo before boarding Polar Pioneer. -
Southward an Analysis of the Literary Productions of the Discovery and Nimrod Expeditions to Antarctica
Corso di Laurea magistrale (ordinamento ex D.M. 270/2004) In LLEAP – Lingue e Letterature Europee, Americane e Postcoloniali Tesi di Laurea Southward An analysis of the literary productions of the Discovery and Nimrod Expeditions to Antarctica. Relatore Ch. Prof. Emma Sdegno Laureando Monica Stragliotto Matricola 820667 Anno Accademico 2012 / 2013 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 Chapter I The History of Explorations in Antarctica 8 Chapter II Outstanding Men, Outstanding Deeds 31 Chapter III Antarctic Journals: the Models 46 Chapter IV Antarctic Journals: Scott’s Odyssey and Shackleton’s Personal Attempt 70 Chapter V The South Polar Times and Aurora Australis: Antarctic Literary Productions 107 CONCLUSION 129 BIBLIOGRAPHY 134 2 INTRODUCTION When we think about Antarctica, we cannot help thinking of names such as Roald Admunsen, Robert Falcon Scott and Ernest Shackleton. These names represented the greatest demonstration of human endurance and courage in exploration and they still preserve these features today. The South Pole represented an unspoilt, unknown, unexplored area for a long time, and all the Nations competed fiercely to be the first to reach the geographical South Pole. England, which displays a great history of exploration, contributed massively to the rush to the Antarctic especially in the first decade of the 20th century. The long years spent in the Antarctic by the British explorers left a priceless inheritance. First of all, the scientific fields such as meteorology, geology and zoology were tellingly improved. The study of the ice sheet allowed the scientists of the time to partly explain the phenomenon of glaciations. In addition, magnetism was still a new field to be explored and the study of phenomena such as the aurora australis and the magnetic pole as a moving spot1 were great discoveries that still influence our present knowledge. -
Voyages & Travel 1515
Voyages & Travel CATALOGUE 1515 MAGGS BROS. LTD. Voyages & Travel CATALOGUE 1515 MAGGS BROS. LTD. CONTENTS Africa . 1 Egypt, The Near East & Middle East . 22 Europe, Russia, Turkey . 39 India, Central Asia & The Far East . 64 Australia & The Pacific . 91 Cover illustration; item 48, Walters . Central & South America . 115 MAGGS BROS. LTD. North America . 134 48 BEDFORD SQUARE LONDON WC1B 3DR Telephone: ++ 44 (0)20 7493 7160 Alaska & The Poles . 153 Email: [email protected] Bank Account: Allied Irish (GB), 10 Berkeley Square London W1J 6AA Sort code: 23-83-97 Account Number: 47777070 IBAN: GB94 AIBK23839747777070 BIC: AIBKGB2L VAT number: GB239381347 Prices marked with an *asterisk are liable for VAT for customers in the UK. Access/Mastercard and Visa: Please quote card number, expiry date, name and invoice number by mail, fax or telephone. EU members: please quote your VAT/TVA number when ordering. The goods shall legally remain the property of the seller until the price has been discharged in full. © Maggs Bros. Ltd. 2021 Design by Radius Graphics Printed by Page Bros., Norfolk AFRICA Remarkable Original Artworks 1 BATEMAN (Charles S.L.) Original drawings and watercolours for the author’s The First Ascent of the Kasai: being some Records of service Under the Lone Star. A bound volume containing 46 watercolours (17 not in vol.), 17 pen and ink drawings (1 not in vol.), 12 pencil sketches (3 not in vol.), 3 etchings, 3 ms. charts and additional material incl. newspaper cuttings, a photographic nega- tive of the author and manuscript fragments (such as those relating to the examination and prosecution of Jao Domingos, who committed fraud when in the service of the Luebo District). -
Santa Cruz Sentinel Columns by Gary Griggs, Director, Institute of Marine Sciences, UC Santa Cruz
Our Ocean Backyard –– Santa Cruz Sentinel columns by Gary Griggs, Director, Institute of Marine Sciences, UC Santa Cruz. #185 May 30, 2015 Crossing South Georgia Tom Creen, Ernest Shackleton and Frank Worsley on South Georgia after they bathed and were given fresh clothes, the first time in over a year. “Sometimes it’s not enough to do your best; sometimes you need to do what’s required” - Winston Churchill. Shackleton repeatedly had to do what was required to save his men: leading them in three small boats to Elephant Island after the Endurance sank in the Antarctic ice; crossing 800 miles of the storm-wracked South Atlantic in the tiny James Caird, hoping to find South Georgia, virtually a needle in a haystack. Fortunate to have found South Georgia, they were forced by thirst, a leaking boat and a broken rudder to land at King Haakon Bay, on the uninhabited southern side of the island. Recognizing that the James Caird would never make it around the island through rough seas and a rocky coastline to the Stromness Whaling Station, Shackleton, developed a desperate back-up plan. He, Crean, and Worsley would attempt to hike across 26 miles of steep, uncharted, ice and snow covered mountains to reach the whaling station where he hoped to find help. With only three days of provisions, salt-encrusted clothes they had worn for nearly a year, no sleeping bags or tent, a 50 foot piece of rope and a carpenter’s adze, and screws in their boots for traction, the three frostbitten, malnourished and fatigued men set out to cross South Georgia at 2:00 am on May 19, 1916 by moonlight. -
No Turning Back • Rothera Fire • Kayaking the Antarctic • Summer Tours • 2003 Solar Eclipse • Tangan Expedition!
The Journal of the New Zealand Antarctic Society Vol 19, No. 2, 2001 No Turning Back • Rothera Fire • Kayaking the Antarctic • Summer Tours • 2003 Solar Eclipse • Tangan Expedition! Antarctic COVER PICTURE CONTENTS Kayaking in Antarctica SCAR Symposium Rothera Fire Plans to Locate Endurance Solar Eclipse in 2003 Cover photograph: New Zealand kayakers in the Letter to the Editor Antarctic Peninsula north of Enterprise Island. Photo: Graham Charles. The story of last season's Terrorist Attacks Affect Antarctic Planning epic trip is summarised in Antarctic, Vol. 18, no. 3 & 4, p. 58. More photographs opposite. Adventure Tourism Volume 19, No. 2, 2001 No Turning Back - Colin Monteath Issue No. 177 ANTARCTIC is published quarterly by the Over My Shoulder - Dogs on Ice New Zealand Antarctic Society Inc., ISSN 0003-5327. Please address all editorial enquiries to The Editor, NZ Antarctic Society, PO Box 404, Christchurch, or Review - A First Rate Tragedy email: [email protected]. Printed by Herald Communications, 52 Bank Street, Timaru, New Zealand. Review - Antarctica Unveiled Tribute - W. Frank Ponder Science - Tangaroa Explores Ross Sea Science - First Foucault Pendulum at Pole Antarctic Rubbish Volome 19, No. 2,2001 Antarctic NEWS Seals, Subglacial Lakes and Ultra-violet Radiation Highlights of the eighth SCAR Biology Symposium By Dr Clive Howard-Williams here were APIS, Subglacial lakes and The symposium also hosted a UV Radiation. workshop and several lectures on the The eighth SCAR international Bi The results of the Antarctic Pack Ice status of the Earth's latest unexplored ology Symposium was held in Am Seals (APIS) programme are appear large ecosystem: the sub-glacial lakes sterdam between 27 August and 5 ing in the literature, following the beneath the 3.5 km thick Antarctic ice September 2001.