Journal of Clinical Medicine Review Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Narrative Review Nathan Li 1 , Gregor Dierks 2, Hayley E. Vervaeke 2, Allison Jumonville 2, Alan D. Kaye 3 , Dariusz Myrcik 4 , Antonella Paladini 5, Giustino Varrassi 6,* , Omar Viswanath 3,7,8,9 and Ivan Urits 3,10 1 Medical College of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA;
[email protected] 2 Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center–Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71106, USA;
[email protected] (G.D.);
[email protected] (H.E.V.);
[email protected] (A.J.) 3 Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71106, USA;
[email protected] (A.D.K.);
[email protected] (O.V.);
[email protected] (I.U.) 4 Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, 42-600 Bytom, Poland;
[email protected] 5 Department of MESVA, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
[email protected] 6 Paolo Procacci Foundation, Via Tacito 7, 00193 Roma, Italy 7 Valley Anesthesiology and Pain Consultants–Envision Physician Services, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA 8 Department of Anesthesiology, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA 9 Department of Anesthesiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68114, USA 10 Southcoast Health, Southcoast Physicians Group Pain Medicine, Wareham, MA 02571, USA * Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: +39-348-606-8472 Abstract: Thoracic outlet syndrome comprises a group of disorders that result in compression of the brachial plexus and subclavian vessels exiting the thoracic outlet. Symptoms include pain, paresthesia, pallor, and weakness depending upon the compromised structures. While consensus in diagnostic criteria has not yet been established, a thorough patient history, physical exam, and appropriate imaging studies are helpful in diagnosis.