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Hoenig Wadle.Pdf 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 1 Kultur- und Sozialgeschichte Osteuropas / 2 Cultural and Social History of Eastern Europe 3 4 5 6 7 Band 12 8 9 10 11 12 Herausgegeben von 13 14 Dittmar Dahlmann, Anke Hilbrenner, Claudia Kraft, 15 Julia Obertreis, Stefan Rohdewald und Frithjof Benjamin Schenk 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 1 Bianca Hoenig / Hannah Wadle (Hg.) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Eden für jeden? 9 10 11 Touristische Sehnsuchtsorte in Mittel- und 12 Osteuropa von 1945 bis zur Gegenwart 13 14 15 16 17 Mit 46 Abbildungen 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 V&R unipress 41 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ® 21 MIX Papier aus verantwor- 22 tungsvollen Quellen ® 23 www.fsc.org FSC C083411 24 25 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen 26 Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über 27 http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. 28 Gedruckt mit freundlicher Unterstützung der Freiwilligen Akademischen Gesellschaft Basel und 29 des Osteuropa-Forums Basel. 30 31 2019, V&R unipress GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Breite 6, D-37079 Göttingen 32 Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Das Werk und seine Teile sind urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung in anderen als den gesetzlich zugelassenen Fällen bedarf der vorherigen 33 schriftlichen Einwilligung des Verlages. 34 & 35 Umschlagabbildung: Druck und Bindung: CPI books GmbH, Birkstraße 10, D-25917 Leck 36 Printed in the EU. 37 38 Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Verlage j www.vandenhoeck-ruprecht-verlage.com 39 ISSN 2365-8061 40 ISBN 978-3-8471-0984-6 41 1 Inhalt 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Dank . ................................ 9 13 14 Bianca Hoenig / Hannah Wadle 15 Einleitung: Touristische Sehnsuchtsorte in Mittel- und Osteuropa . 11 16 17 I. Konkurrierende Raumnarrative und „heimatliche“ Selbstverortung 18 19 Frauke Wetzel 20 Sehnsuchtsort st nad Labem. Untersuchung von Reiseführern und 21 Reiseberichten aus der Tschechoslowakei, der DDR und der BRD von 22 1945 bis 1990 . ................................ 43 23 24 Ralf Meindl 25 Heilsamer Schock? Die Konfrontation der deutschen „Heimwehtouristen“ 26 mit ihren Sehnsuchtsorten in Ostmitteleuropa . ...... 63 27 28 Tatjana Hofmann 29 Postsowjetische Krim-Texte: neoromantische Sehnsuchtsmaschinerien? . 85 30 31 Soliman Lawrence with introduction by Erica Lehrer 32 Photo Essay: A Single Point Perspective: The Revival of Jewish Life in 33 Today’s Poland ................................113 34 35 II. Auf der Suche nach Eden im Sozialismus 36 37 Axel Zutz 38 „Königsgärten des Sozialismus“. Moderner Heimatschutz und 39 Landschaftliche Daseinsvorsorge im Erholungsgebiet Senftenberger See 40 (ESS) . ................................125 41 6 Inhalt 1 Bianca Hoenig 2 Sehnsucht nach den Bergen: Die Tatra als Destination des 3 Massentourismus nach 1945 . ...................171 4 5 III. Tourismusbegegnungen zwischen Ost und West 6 7 Benedikt Tondera 8 „Wer mir sagt, dass die Engländer schlecht leben, den schieß’ ich über 9 den Haufen!“ Sowjetische Touristen im Umgang mit 10 Differenzerfahrungen in den 1950er und 1960er Jahren . ......195 11 12 Tobias Wunschik 13 Das Motorrad als Objekt und Katalysator der Sehnsucht. Bei den 14 Sachsenringrennen träumten die Motorradfans der DDR vom Westen . 213 15 16 Sune Bechmann Pedersen 17 A Paradise behind the Curtain: Selling Eastern Escapes to Scandinavians 227 18 19 IV. (Post-)sozialistisches Erbe als touristische Destination und 20 kulturelle Ressource 21 22 Michael Zinganel 23 Melancholien des (Ver-)Falls. Über die Lust des Wiederbereisens von 24 Hotelruinen der sozialistischen Spätmoderne an der kroatischen 25 Adriaküste...................................253 26 27 Sabine Stach 28 Urbanität und Nostalgie? Auf der Suche nach Entschleunigung in der 29 städtetouristischen Vermarktung des „kommunistischen Erbes“ . 281 30 31 Agata Bachrz 32 Polish Tourists in Russia: Longing for the Past, for the Place, or for an 33 Alternative Version of Identity? . ...................309 34 35 Hannah Wadle 36 Die alte „Ze˛za“: Vom masurischen Mekka für Segler zur raubeinigen 37 Ressource für Tourismuskritik . ...................325 38 39 V. Anhang 40 41 Autor*innen . ................................355 Inhalt 7 1 Abbildungsverzeichnis . ...................359 2 3 Abkürzungsverzeichnis . ...................363 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 1 Dank 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Dieser Band beruht auf den Ergebnissen eines Workshops, den wir vom 19. bis 13 21. Oktober 2012 an der Universität Basel veranstaltet haben. Bei der Durch- 14 führung wurden wir großzügig von verschiedenen Institutionen unterstützt: 15 organisatorisch vom Departement Geschichte, finanziell vom Fonds zur Nach- 16 wuchsförderung der Universität Basel, der Basel Graduate School of History, 17 dem Osteuropa Forum Basel und dem Centre for East European Language Based 18 Area Studies der Universität Manchester. Allen diesen Institutionen danken wir 19 herzlich für ihre Unterstützung. 20 Weiterhin gebührt unser großer Dank der Freiwilligen Akademischen Ge- 21 sellschaft Basel und dem Osteuropa Forum Basel, ohne die das Erscheinen dieses 22 Bandes nicht möglich gewesen wäre. Den Herausgeber*innen der Reihe „Kultur- 23 und Sozialgeschichte Osteuropas“ danken wir für die Aufnahme in die Reihe und 24 für zwei anonyme Gutachten mit hilfreichen Anmerkungen für die Überarbei- 25 tung des Manuskripts. Heiko Haumann und David Feest haben die Veröffentli- 26 chung des Bandes maßgeblich unterstützt, indem sie wohlwollende Gutachten 27 verfassten. 28 Während der Arbeit an diesem Band haben wir große Unterstützung von 29 Kolleg*innen, Freund*innen und von unseren Familien erfahren. Bianca Hoenig 30 dankt insbesondere Lenka Fehrenbach, Julia Herzberg, Jana Osterkamp, Anja 31 Rathmann-Lutz, Christiane Sibille sowie Benjamin Schenk und dem ganzen Team 32 des Basler Lehrstuhls für Osteuropäische Geschichte für Rat und Kritik. Für 33 den inspirierenden, freundschaftlichen Gedankenaustausch über das Buchsujet, 34 der in der Literaturliste unvermerkt bleibt, dankt Hannah Wadle an dieser Stelle 35 ihren Gesprächspartner*innen, insbesondere Roksana Butrym, Bettina Bouresh, 36 Christa David-Wadle, Clare Donegan, Sofa Natalia Gonzalz Ayala, Ian Hague, 37 Maria Jandrei, Krystyna Jarosz, Łukasz Kaczmarek, Julia Steinle, Lina-Louise 38 Tegtmeyer und Mark Trantler. Für Rat zur Umsetzung des Vorhabens geht ihr 39 Dank an David Picard, Sharon Macdonald und Madeleine Reeves. 40 Ein besonderer Dank gebührt den Autor*innen dieses Bandes, die uns über 41 Jahre die Treue hielten, bis das Buch nun erscheinen konnte. 10 Dank 1 Ein Hinweis auf die Verwendung von Ortsnamen: Sie werden meistens in 2 der heute gültigen Form verwendet. Ausnahmen sind u. a. Warschau, Krakau, 3 Moskau, St. Petersburg und Prag. Sie stehen in der deutschen Form, entweder 4 weil die Namen fest im Deutschen eingeführt sind oder weil es, wenn es um 5 touristische Sehnsuchtsorte geht, eine Bedeutung hat, ob man sich nach Breslau 6 oder nach Wrocław sehnt. 7 8 Hannah Wadle und Bianca Hoenig, 9 im Januar 2019 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 1 Bianca Hoenig / Hannah Wadle 2 3 4 Einleitung: Touristische Sehnsuchtsorte in Mittel- und 5 6 Osteuropa 7 8 9 10 11 12 Von der am Ufer des reißenden Flusses Sˇlyk gelegenen dynamischen und 13 überbevölkerten Hauptstadt Lutenblag über die pittoresken Gipfel der Posten- 14 walj-Berge zur ursprünglich gebliebenen östlichen Steppe mit ihrer bunten 15 Folklore und den verbreiteten Raubüberfällen – herzlich willkommen in Mol- 16 wanen! Dieses einzigartige, küstenfreie Land mag zwar eines der kleinsten 17 Europas sein, doch es hat dem furchtlosen Touristen einiges zu bieten: von 18 Partisanenkämpfen über Umweltverschmutzung hin zu rituellen Massenbe- 19 säufnissen. Großartige Landschaften, prachtvolle Architektur, jahrhundertealte 20 Hochkultur wird die Besucherin dort zwar vergeblich suchen – dafür aber beim 21 Eintauchen ins molwansche Universum garantiert alle Stereotype finden, die es 22 über Osteuropa gibt. Das sind viele, und die meisten davon nicht besonders 23 schmeichelhaft. 24 Zu Beginn der 2000er Jahre kam ein Reiseführer in die Buchläden, der seiner 25 Leserschaft eine unvergessliche Reise ins Land des schadhaften Lächelns ver- 26 sprach.1 Mit Molwanen wurde dem armchair traveller ein fiktives, aber doch 27 klar erkennbares Osteuropa in bestem Touristenlatein als ironische Dystopie 28 einer Urlaubsdestination präsentiert. Das Buch wurde ein durchschlagender 29 Erfolg. Später folgten weitere Bände über ähnlich unattraktive Destinationen, 30 etwa eine mittelamerikanische Bananenrepublik oder ein zweifelhaftes ost- 31 asiatisches Badeparadies. 32 Nicht zufällig erkor das erste Buch aber ausgerechnet Osteuropa zum tou- 33 ristischen Anti-Ort. Wenn auch in konsequent überdrehter und dadurch als 34 Satire kenntlicher Form, reproduziert Molwanen einen zugespitzten „westli- 35 chen“ Blick auf den östlichen Teildes Kontinents. Es ist nur eines von zahlreichen 36 popkulturellen Formaten, das in den letzten Jahren die ehemals sowjetische 37 Einflusssphäre aufs Korn genommen hat (man denke nur an „Borats“ Kasach- 38 stan-Parodie) und damit viel ältere Stereotype über das östliche Europa wei- 39 40 1 Cilauro, Santo / Gleisner, Tom / Sitch, Rob: Molwanen. Land des schadhaften Lächelns. 41 2. Auflage. München 2007 (australisches Original 2003). 12 Bianca Hoenig / Hannah Wadle 1 terschreibt.2 Dieser Blick steht in der Tradition eines Denkens, mit dem die 2 westliche Welt die Wahrnehmung anderer Weltregionen als fremd und min- 3 derwertig prägt.
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