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Agency Financial Report 2020 AGENCY FINANCIAL REPORT United States Department of Agriculture Page Intentionally Blank USDA’s Non-Discrimination Statement In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, USDA, its Mission Areas, agencies, staff offices, employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Program information may be made available in languages other than English. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication to obtain program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, or American Sign Language) should contact the responsible Mission Area, agency, or staff office; the USDA TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY); or the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. To file a program discrimination complaint, a complainant should complete a Form AD 3027, USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, which can be obtained online, from any USDA office, by calling (866) 632-9992, or by writing a letter addressed to USDA. The letter must contain the complainant’s name, address, telephone number, and a written description of the alleged discriminatory action in sufficient detail to inform the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights (ASCR) about the nature and date of an alleged civil rights violation. The completed AD-3027 form or letter must be submitted to USDA by: (1) Mail: (2) Fax: U.S. Department of Agriculture Office of the (833) 256-1665 or (202) 690-7442; or Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Mail Stop 9430 (3) Email: Washington, D.C. 20250-9410; [email protected] USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender. USDA | 2020 Agency Financial Report i Page Intentionally Blank Table of Contents ▪ Message from Secretary Perdue ........................................................................... 1 ▪ Section I Management’s Discussion and Analysis ................................................. 5 About USDA ............................................................................................................................... 5 USDA Organization Chart .......................................................................................................... 7 USDA Mission Areas .................................................................................................................. 8 USDA Program Performance ................................................................................................... 11 Future Demands, Risks, Uncertainties, Events, Conditions, and Trends ................................. 43 Analysis of Financial Statements and Stewardship Information ............................................. 45 Statement of Assurance .......................................................................................................... 58 Federal Managers’ Financial Integrity Act Report on Management Control ........................... 59 Compliance with Laws and Regulations .................................................................................. 66 Improper Payments Elimination and Recovery Act of 2010 as Amended ............................... 70 Federal Financial Management Improvement Act Report on Financial Management Systems Background .......................................................................... 71 Financial Management Systems Strategy ................................................................................ 73 ▪ Section II Financial Information ......................................................................... 83 Message from the Office of the Chief Financial Officer .......................................................... 83 Independent Auditors Report ................................................................................................. 85 Agency Response to Auditors Report ...................................................................................... 95 Financial Statements ............................................................................................................... 96 Notes to the Financial Statements ........................................................................................ 101 Required Supplementary Information ................................................................................... 186 USDA | 2020 Agency Financial Report iii ▪ Section III Other Information ........................................................................... 193 Response to Management Challenges .................................................................................. 193 Summary of Financial Statement Audit and Management Assurances ................................ 204 Payment Integrity Information Act of 2019 – Improper Payments Overview Payment Integrity ................................................................. 206 Fraud Reduction Report ........................................................................................................ 263 Inspector General Act Amendments of 1988: Management’s Report on Audit Follow-Up .. 267 Real Property ......................................................................................................................... 282 Civil Monetary Penalties ........................................................................................................ 283 Grants Program ..................................................................................................................... 301 ▪ Abbreviations–Acronyms ................................................................................. 303 iv Table of Contents ▪ Message from Secretary Perdue The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is home to the most professional and dedicated public servants in the entire Federal government who honorably serve the people of American agriculture on a daily basis. As Secretary, I am proud to serve alongside these individuals. My goal is for USDA to be the most efficient, most effective, and most customer-focused agency in the Federal government. USDA touches the lives of every American and nearly every human being on the globe. We have a lot to be proud of from the work this department does every day, with employees in all 50 states, territories, and around the world. We have accomplished a lot in 2020 and, as a USDA family, have all worked to fulfill our vision to “Do Right and Feed Everyone”—all in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic that wreaked havoc on American agriculture. 2020 started strong with President Donald J. Trump signing the historic Phase One Trade Agreement between the United States and China. China is a market of tremendous potential for U.S. agriculture, and this deal will help U.S. exporters expand their sales. Our Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), and Food Safety Inspection Service (FSIS) continue to work cooperatively with China on the implementation of Phase One commitments and increases in U.S. exports of all manner of agricultural products. President Trump also signed the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement, which was great news for America’s farmers and ranchers who now have even more market access to our neighbors to the north and the south. Additionally, USDA launched our Agriculture Innovation Agenda, a department-wide initiative to align resources, programs, and research to position American agriculture to meet future demands. We are mindful of the need for American agriculture to remain environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable, and we are as committed as ever to the continued success of America’s farmers, ranchers, foresters, and producers. This year, USDA also launched the second round of our rural broadband ReConnect program and received additional funding from the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act. Access to high-speed broadband internet is not merely nice to have—it is a necessity in the 21st century. The COVID-19 pandemic introduced new challenges to our way of life. Social distancing guidelines put in place to help slow the spread of the Coronavirus caused USDA | 2020 Agency Financial Report 1 millions to work from home and nationwide school closures. The unfortunate truth is that millions of Americans working, going to school, and living in America’s heartland still do not have access to high-speed broadband internet e-Connectivity. At USDA, we are working hard to change that. The COVID-19 pandemic also forced children out of the classroom, and USDA’s Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) acted quickly to waive restrictions and expand flexibilities across our programs to ensure our children continued to receive wholesome meals, safeguarding their wellness during times of need. We joined forces with local providers utilizing a range of innovative feeding programs to ensure children and families practicing social distancing could still receive healthy and nutritious food. Additionally, we collaborated with the Baylor Collaborative on Hunger and Poverty,
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