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Safety for Homemade Remedies for Pest Control May 2009 Safety for Homemade Remedies for Pest Control by Cecil Tharp, Pesticide Education Specialist, Montana State University Homeowners and applicators are nicotine is searching for new and innovative ways more toxic to prevent pests from damaging their than many gardens, trees or homes. Information commonly on alternative pest control options are used synthetic readily available using the World Wide pesticides Web, some of which are termed ‘Natural’ including or ‘Homemade’. The term ‘Natural’ is resmethrin, often misleading and could be better WWW.OBErista.wordprESS.COM Banvel termed as a botanical (plant derived). (dicamba), malathion, and 2,4-D towards Many botanical pest control options may mammals. Doses extracted from cigarettes be available around the home. Some for use in pest control are often much botanical pest control options would higher than doses one would receive include Rhubarb plants (active ingredient from one cigarette or pinch of snuff. CLipart.COM oxalic acid) or Chrysanthemum Flowers High doses of nicotine may cause a (active ingredient pyrethrum), while stimulatory effect initially followed some non-natural remedies that are still by nausea, cardiac arrest or respiratory INSIDE: homemade pest remedies may include problems. Nicotine has also been Safety for Homemade using cigarettes (nicotine), gasoline or correlated with developmental effects Remediesfor Pest Control.......1 kerosene. Because these pest control on unborn babies. Many other synthetic School IPM in Montana .........2 options are found around the home, pesticides which contain precautionary they are often viewed as safe. A lack of statements use derivatives of nicotine Cheatgrass: A Growing a product label does not imply they are as the active ingredient in pest control Problem in Montana ..............3 safe under all circumstances. Always know (Gaucho, Provado, or Admire). Pesticide Disposal Program .....4 your pesticides mode of action and the health risks it poses to you, other non- Rhubarb. Though the stems of rhubarb Cooperative Agricultural can be ingested, the leaves contain a higher Pest Surveys in Montana ........4 targets and the environment. Some high risk home remedies should be used only concentration of oxalic acid. Oxalic acid For Bee’s Sake, Read the after following safety precautions. Some may be extracted from rhubarb leaves Label Before Spraying for examples follow. through a cooking process and is often Mountain Pine Beetles ...........5 prescribed in aphid control. Oxalic acid Pesticide News & Programs of Cigarettes. Some recipes call for the has been associated with deaths of goats, Montana Interest....................6 extraction of nicotine from cigarettes swine, and humans through ingestion of through different means. Any pesticide high quantities Comments and/or Questions recipes using nicotine should be used of rhubarb from the Public ......................7 with caution. Nicotine, derived from leaves. Oxalic tobacco plants, is a potent insecticide acid poisoning is that acts on the insect nervous system similar to heavy causing mortality (depending on the metal poisoning. dose). Nicotine also has high mammalian Twenty-five toxicity (humans, dogs, cats, horses, cattle, grams of oxalic etc.). According to oral toxicity trials, (continued on pg 2) WWW.hort.PURDUE.EDU 2 (continued from pg 1) acid will cause death to a 145-pound pyrethrin + a synergist) to the EPA height, plant resistant varieties) individual. The ingestion of small with only organophosphates having • Use registered pesticides when quantities of rhubarb leaves may more reports. These symptoms tend to possible and follow the product label. leave you nauseated, while ingesting range from dizziness, headaches, and • Do your homework. Understand concentrated oxalic acid after allergic responses including skin rashes, your active ingredient and safety processing may be toxic. Symptoms asthma, and hives. Symptoms seem to be risks associated. This includes mode include gastrointestinal problems, dependent on individuals with a genetic of action, safety, non-target, and nausea, vomiting, respiratory problems, predisposition towards allergic responses environmental risks. esophageal swelling, and suffocation. to other factors. This chemical causes • Use all homemade pesticides high mortality towards bees and other immediately. Do not store. Chrysanthemum Flowers. Pyrethrum non-targets. Most of these reports are • Only produce the amount of may be extracted from a common urban due to misuse of the product and not homemade pesticide remedy needed flower, ‘The Chrysanthemum Flower’ reading the product label. for immediate use. (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium, C. • Do not leave homemade pesticides cineum). Methods vary from chopping Care should be taken when applying any unattended or spray near children, and soaking flowers in a bucket, to homemade remedy around beneficial pets, and other family members. obtaining pyrethrum concentrate insects. Many homemade remedies cause through a grinding (flowers), boiling, mortality towards ladybeetles, pollinators, All regulated pesticides have been tested and percolation process. Pyrethrum is ants, and spiders. for human and environmental risks, with one of the most commonly used home clear recommendations on how to use and garden insecticides in the United Solution. Homemade pest control the product in an effective manner. It States. This pesticide is highly selective remedies are another viable option for may be safer to purchase some chemicals towards insects by targeting the insect controlling pests and many (including over the counter which have a product nervous system through disruption of the use of soap and water) have very label and contain similar chemical active the sodium ion channel. Pyrethrins have little risk associated. Negligence with ingredients. Most home pest control low toxicity towards mammals due to your home remedies may cause risks remedies are valuable tools that pose mammalian enzymes which breakdown towards you, your pets and/or family. minimal risks if used appropriately. Follow these steps to minimize risks this chemical quickly. However, mild For more information contact Cecil symptoms of poisoning are reported when applying pesticides: • Use preventative techniques to Tharp, Pesticide Education Specialist, across the United States. In 1991, over MSU Bozeman ([email protected], 9,000 calls reported pyrethrin (or minimize applications (water deeply, fertilize, aerate, increase mowing (406) 994-5067). School IPM in Montana by Amy Bamber, Groundwater & Special Registrations Manager, Montana Department of Agriculture EPA Region 8 has offered the Montana IPM system, pesticides may still be used, daycares. Some of the country’s most Department of Agriculture (MDA) but generally only as a last resort, not as active School IPM participants will share funding to facilitate the implementation a part of normal maintenance. their experiences with our Montana of School IPM in Montana. schools and daycares. MDA hopes that Around the country, schools using after the summit, a school district will Integrated pest management, or IPM, is School IPM have significantly reduced express an interest in transitioning to a system used in many schools around pest problems as well as pesticide School IPM, and that EPA funding can the county to better control pests while applications, and while there is an initial be used to provide training to school reducing pesticide use. Similar to the use cost of transitioning to School IPM, district personnel to assure IPM practices of IPM in an agricultural setting, School there is no increase in cost for pest are effectively implemented. IPM emphasizes knowing what pests are management through time. present and why they are there. The next School IPM is an effort that requires steps are fixing areas where pests get This August, Montana is hosting a both the school district and the into the school (screens, door sweeps), regional Children’s Environmental community to come together. If this changing behaviors (making sure Health summit in Missoula. MDA has is something that interests you, please garbage bins are lidded), and monitoring been involved in the development of the talk to your schools and let them for the presence of pests. In a School summit, which will focus on schools and know that you support School IPM. 3 Cheatgrass: A Growing Problem in Montana By Jane Mangold, Invasive Weed Specialist, Montana State University Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), also As an annual, cheatgrass relies on seed is often recommended. For example, known as downy brome, has been production to ensure its survival from applying Journey® (imazapic + increasing in the past few years across one generation to the next. Management glyphosate) and seeding desirable, range and crop systems in Montana. of cheatgrass should focus on preventing competitive vegetation in the fall may Native to southwestern Asia, cheatgrass seed production and depleting the soil assist in rehabilitating cheatgrass-infested was accidentally introduced to North seedbank. Integrating multiple control areas. Recently Matrix® (rimsulfuron) America in several independent events. measures is critical because cheatgrass and Landmark® (sulfometuron methyl Its presence was first reported in the is, by its nature, very difficult to control. + chlorsulfuron) were labeled for use late 1800s and since then it has spread For example, it is somewhat tolerant to in rangeland restoration and may prove to become one of the most
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