Shore-side electricity for ships!
EcoPorts Conference, Genoa, 14-15 December 2006 Session 6, Round 2, 14th December, 16,30 to 18,00. Susann Dutt, Port of Göteborg, [email protected], www.portgot.se Shore-side electricity for ships
The presentation:
• What is the problem? • What is shore-side electricity? • Who are offering it today? • Environmental benefits & constraints • Costs for energy generation • General comments & conclusions Steady growth in transport volumes
Decoupling - breaking the connection between the environmentally negative impacts from transport logistics and economic growth looks difficult to achieve! One of the problems!
Emission of SOx 1990-2030 (ktons) Emission of NOx 1990-2030 (ktons) Shore-side electricity for ships Electrical power needed for all functions on board is supplied from land, no auxiliary engine is used during port stop Connection principles in Göteborg
onboard transformer
sub station 6-20kV connection 6-20kV point 6-20kV 20-100kV Who are offering shore-side electricity?
Göteborg, Helsingborg, Houston, Long Beach, Los Angeles, New York/New Jersey, Oakland, Philadelphia, Piteå, Richmond (Virginia),Seattle, Stockholm, Tacoma, Vancouver, Zeebrugge… Environmental benefits/constraints
Comparison of external and niternal costs • Reduction of airborne 0,50 pollutants Valuated nEvironmentalc osts 0,40 • No noise Direct costs • Society is a winner
h 0,30 W k / o r
0,20 Eu • Offer a fossil free alternative 0,10 • No benefit on the
- journey in between ports Onboard generated power - HFO Shore power Cost for energy generation
Power generation cost 2006 incl energy tax - Gothenburg
0,160 Onboard generated power HFO Onboard generated power MGO Shore power
0,140
0,120
0,100 Wh k / 0,080 o Eur 0,060
0,040
0,020
- DFDS Tor Line Stena Line Cobelfret ACL Cost for energy generation
Power generation cost 2006 excl energy taxes - Gothenburg
0,160 Onboard generated power HFO Onboard generated power MGO Shore power
0,140
0,120
0,100 h
/kW 0,080 o Eur 0,060
0,040
0,020
- DFDS Tor Line Stena Line Cobelfret ACL Comments & conclusions
• The technology for shore-side electricity is available at a reasonable cost • The external costs are very high • There is a lot going on worldwide! • The standardization process has started • EU and ESPO recommend the promotion of shore-side electricity • 2010 shore-side electricity will be an alternative to 0,1% sulphur at berth • Collaboration and clear economic incentives need to be further encouraged
Thank you for your attention!
Cable connected to the vessel Connection point at the quay Outlet at the quay, connection point The former Environmental Minister Lena Sommestad Vessels calling Port of Göteborg r a e 800 op / y
t 700 s t 600
ng por 500 i 400 dur
ons 300 i s
is 200 m e 100 ns o t 0 NO2 PM*10 S
99% of the vessels 1% of the vessels Vessels calling Port of Göteborg ear 800
700 600 port stop / y g 500
400 300 200 100
tons emissions durin 0 NO2 PM*10 S
99% of the vessels 1% of the vessels Cost for energy generation
Power generationPower gener costation 2006kWh cost incl 2006energy taxes
0,160 Onboard generated power HFO Onboard generated power MGO Shore power
0,140
0,120
0,100 h W k / 0,080 o r Eu 0,060
0,040
0,020
0,000 Stena Line Cobelfret Elements for standardization 1.Voltage level 2.Frequency 3.Electrical outlets and plugs 4.Capacity for the electrical outlets? 5.Safety functions (relay safety, personal safety, weather protections, etc.) 6.The cable location (on board and/or on land) 7.Connection point on board 8.Connection point at the quay Experiences so far
• First equipment for high voltage was installed in year 2000 • No functional problems at all • No extra personnel • Noise reduction appreciated by the personnel on board and in the port • No restrictions when bunkering