GEOGRAPHY: Poland's Territory Extends Across Several Geographical Regions. in the Northwest Is the Baltic Seacoast. This Coast

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

GEOGRAPHY: Poland's Territory Extends Across Several Geographical Regions. in the Northwest Is the Baltic Seacoast. This Coast GEOGRAPHY: Poland’s territory extends across several geographical regions. In the northwest is the Baltic seacoast. This coast is marked by several spits, coastal lakes, and dunes. The largely straight coastline is indented by the Szczecin Lagoon, the Bay of Puck, and the Vistula Lagoon. The center and parts of the north lie within the North European Plain. Rising gently above these lowlands is a geographical region comprising the four hilly districts of moraines and moraine-dammed lakes formed during and after the Pleistocene ice age. These lake districts are the Pomeranian Lake District, the Greater Polish Lake District, the Kashubian Lake District, and the Masurian Lake District. The Masurian Lake District is the largest of the four and covers much of northeastern Poland. The lake districts form part of the Baltic Ridge, a series of moraine belts along the southern shore of the Baltic Sea. DEMOGRAPHICS: Poland, with 38,116,000 inhabitants, has the eighth-largest population in Europe and the sixth-largest in the European Union. It has a population density of 122 inhabitants per square kilometer. Poland historically contained many languages, cultures and religions on its soil. The country had a particularly large Jewish population. The Polish language, part of the West Slavic branch of the Slavic languages, functions as the official language of Poland. Long Market Main Market Square METROPOLITAN AREAS: The largest metropolitan areas that lie in Poland are the Silesian metropolitan area centered on Katowice and other cities of Upper Silesian Coal Basin . The capital, Warsaw; Kraków, Łódź; the Tricity of Gdańsk–Sopot–Gdynia, Poznań and Wrocław . The largest urban area is Katowice urban area . For an overview of Polish cities, see List of cities and towns in Poland. Castle Square Umschlagplatz RELIGION: Religious minorities include Polish Orthodox -about 506.800-, various Protestants -about 150,000-, Jehovah's Witnesses -126,827-, Eastern Catholics, Mariavites, Polish Catholics, Jews, and Muslims .Members of Protestant churches include about 77,500 in the largest Evangelical- Augsburg Church, and a similar number in smaller Pentecostal and Evangelical churches. Basilica of Our Lady of Lichen. Holy Spirit Orthodox Church CUISINE: Polish cuisine has both influenced and been influenced by the cuisines of surrounding countries. For centuries the Polish kitchen has been the arena for competing influences from France and Italy, while it also borrowed extensively from more exotic tables: Tartar, Armenian, Lithuanian, Cossack, Hungarian and Jewish. It is rich in meat, especially chicken and pork, and winter vegetables, and spices, as well as different kinds of noodles the most notable of which are the pierogi. It is related to other Slavic cuisines in usage of kasza and other cereals. Generally speaking, Polish cuisine is hearty. The preparation of traditional cuisine generally is time intensive and Poles allow themselves a generous amount of time to prepare and enjoy their festive meals, with some meals, like Christmas Eve or Easter breakfast, taking a number of days to prepare in their entirety. Pierogi Polish Pastries By: Arancha García y Vinita Diez. .
Recommended publications
  • The Archaeology of the Prussian Crusade
    Downloaded by [University of Wisconsin - Madison] at 05:00 18 January 2017 THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE PRUSSIAN CRUSADE The Archaeology of the Prussian Crusade explores the archaeology and material culture of the Crusade against the Prussian tribes in the thirteenth century, and the subsequent society created by the Teutonic Order that lasted into the six- teenth century. It provides the first synthesis of the material culture of a unique crusading society created in the south-eastern Baltic region over the course of the thirteenth century. It encompasses the full range of archaeological data, from standing buildings through to artefacts and ecofacts, integrated with writ- ten and artistic sources. The work is sub-divided into broadly chronological themes, beginning with a historical outline, exploring the settlements, castles, towns and landscapes of the Teutonic Order’s theocratic state and concluding with the role of the reconstructed and ruined monuments of medieval Prussia in the modern world in the context of modern Polish culture. This is the first work on the archaeology of medieval Prussia in any lan- guage, and is intended as a comprehensive introduction to a period and area of growing interest. This book represents an important contribution to promot- ing international awareness of the cultural heritage of the Baltic region, which has been rapidly increasing over the last few decades. Aleksander Pluskowski is a lecturer in Medieval Archaeology at the University of Reading. Downloaded by [University of Wisconsin - Madison] at 05:00
    [Show full text]
  • Świat Ma Apetyt Na Nasze Owoce Polskie Cuda Natury
    Lato Summer 2015 ISSN 1232-9541 Świat ma apetyt na nasze owoce World is hungry for our fruit Il mondo ha l'appetito per la nostra frutta Polskie cuda natury Polish natural wonders Meraviglie della natura polacca 1 maja – 31 października 2015 r. 1 may – 31 OctOber 2015 dal 1 maggiO al 31 OttObre 2015 Polska żywność w Mediolanie Polish food in Milan Cibo polacco a Milano marek Sawicki miniSter rOlnictwa i rOzwOju wSi miniSter Of agriculture and rural develOpment Rolnictwo zawsze miało dla nas duże znaczenie. Opiera się ono na rodzinnych gospodarstwach rolnych. Po ponad ćwierć wieku trwających przemianach zostały zmodernizowane nie tylko gospodarstwa, ale także przemysł przetwórczy, który jest obecnie jednym z najnowocześniejszych na świecie. Agriculture has always had great importance for us. It is based on family agricultural farms. After more than a quarter of century of reforms not only farms were modernized, but also processing industry that is currently the most advanced in the world. szanowni Państwo! Ladies and GentLemen! Najbliższe półrocze, od początku maja do końca paź- The closest half-year, from the beginning of May dziernika, przebiegać będzie pod znakiem Wystawy Świato- until the end of October, will be time of Exhibition wej EXPO 2015 w Mediolanie. Tegoroczna edycja jest szcze- the World EXPO 2015 in Milan. This year's edition is gólna, gdyż odbywa się pod hasłem „Wyżywienie planety, exceptional, as its tagline is "Feeding the planet, en- ergy for life". This is the first thematic event of this Pomimo nie najlepszych gleb pod wzglę- type with such a wide participation of agri-food dem klasy bonitacyjnej, mamy jednak sector that is considered to be Polish specialty.
    [Show full text]
  • A Reconstruction of the Effects of Post-Glacial Rebound on the Lake
    A reconstruction of the effects of Post- Glacial Rebound on the lake system dynamics in the Baltic Basin since the Last Glacial Maximum to explain the high biodiversity anomaly. Image by NASA (1999) Alex Nap Universiteit van Amsterdam 04-07-2017, Amsterdam Supervisor: Dr. K.F. Rijsdijk Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics Abstract The Baltic Basin has had a dynamic history since the Last Glacial Maximum 22 000 years ago. The post-glacial rebound following the retreating of the ice sheet changed the landscape of the peri-Baltic region significantly. This study aims at identifying the effects of these landscape changes on freshwater lakes surrounding the Baltic Basin, to help clarify the hypothesis that the connectivity between lakes and the Baltic Basin made an exchange of freshwater lake species possible. With digital elevation and ice sheet models in ArcGIS the connectivity and ice coverage of selected major lakes in the area were analysed. The results show when the selected major lakes became ice-free, if and how they were connected to the Baltic Basin and when they disconnected. The main conclusion drawn from this study is that some lakes in the peri-Baltic have been connected with the Basin for thousands of years and have been part in the dynamic changes of the Baltic Basin, suggesting that an exchange of species would have been possible until recently. Keywords: Baltic Basin, post-glacial rebound, Last Glacial Maximum, biodiversity, Fennoscandia, freshwater lakes. 1 Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics Table
    [Show full text]
  • Determining the Responses of Vegetation to Natural
    Veget Hist Archaeobot (2016) 25:479–498 DOI 10.1007/s00334-016-0565-z ORIGINAL ARTICLE Determining the responses of vegetation to natural processes and human impacts in north-eastern Poland during the last millennium: combined pollen, geochemical and historical data 1 2 2 3,4 Agnieszka Wacnik • Wojciech Tylmann • Alicja Bonk • Tomasz Goslar • 5 6 7 Dirk Enters • Carsten Meyer-Jacob • Martin Grosjean Received: 16 November 2015 / Accepted: 8 March 2016 / Published online: 17 March 2016 Ó The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Pollen, charcoal and geochemical investiga- caused slight disturbances of local forests. A stronger tions were carried out on annually laminated sediments of human impact was registered after ca AD 1460. We confirm Lake Zabin_ ´skie (54°07054.500N; 21°59001.100E) and the that co-domination of pine forests with spruce and oak- results were combined with historical and climate data to hornbeam forests on drier habitats as well as the presence better understand the mechanism behind plant cover of birch and alder woods on wet surfaces near the lake transformations. A millennium-long record of environ- lasted until AD 1610. We identified a transition period of mental history at 6-years time resolution permitted an 20 years between AD 1590 and 1610, when forest cover was assessment of vegetation responses to past human impact significantly reduced and the area was partly transformed and climate fluctuations. Our results show that the history into open land used for farming activities. The comparison of the region with repeated periods of warfare, epidemics, of our data with other pollen datasets from the region famine and crop failures is well reflected by environmental confirms significant spatio-temporal differences in the ini- proxies.
    [Show full text]
  • From the City District to the Coal Mine and Back Silesia City Center
    Smart strategies for the transition in coal intensive regions Project No: 836819 Fact Sheet: From the city district to the coal mine and back Silesia City Center APRIL 2020 Description The Katowice district of Dąb, where Silesia City Center stands today, is the oldest of the districts. Its origins date back to the end of 13th century. In the 17th century the first mine in Katowice was established there. The district developed intensively in the 19th century when the metallurgical boom caused an increase in demand for coal and so in 1838 the "Waterloo" mine was established. At the beginning of the 20th century, the “Eminence” mine began mining - exactly in its place today is Silesia City Center. In 1953 the name "Eminence" disappeared. In honor of the Czechoslovak Prime Minister Klement Gottwald, the mine was named "Gottwald" and then merged with the "Kleofas" mine. The mine was closed down in the 1990s. The area of this mine was revitalized at the beginning of the 21st century. The revitalization plan assumed the construction (on the area of 30 ha) of a complex of modern urban architecture consisting of commercial, recreational and entertainment facilities, a housing estate and office and multi-service facilities. The site of the former “Kleofas” mine has become one of the largest restructured and revitalized areas in Europe. The site's reclamation through the construction of the Silesia City Center was carried out in the years 2004 - 2005, restoring the area's possibilities of performing new urban functions for Katowice, the conurbation and the region, while maintaining its historical and mining character.
    [Show full text]
  • Cittaslow Cities Varmia Masuria Powiśle
    quality of life CITTASLOW CITIES VARMIA MASURIA POWIŚLE www.cittaslowpolska.pl Mamonowo Gronowo Grzechotki Bagrationowsk Braniewo RUS Żeleznodorożnyj Bezledy Gołdap Gołdap Zalew wiślany Górowo Iławeckie PODLASKIE Pieniężno Bartoszyce Węgorzewo ELBLĄG Korsze Lidzbark Orneta Warmiński Bisztynek Kętrzyn Giżycko Pasłęk Reszel Olecko POMORSKIE Dobre Miasto Jeziorany Ryn Morąg Biskupiec Mrągowo EŁK Orzysz Mikołajki Barczewo OLSZTYN Ostróda Olsztyn Pisz Ruciane-Nida Biała Piska Iława Olsztynek Warszawa Szczytno Lubawa Kolno Nowe Miasto Lubawskie MAZOWIECKIE KU AJ WS Nidzica K O-POMORSKIE Lidzbark Welski Brodnica Działdowo Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship OSTROŁ¢KA VARMIA MASURIA POWIŚLE MASURIA VARMIA CITTASLOW CITIES CITTASLOW www.cittaslowpolska.pl Olsztyn 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS INVITATION Invitation 3 There are many beautiful, vibrant tourist destinations in the Why Cittaslow? 4 world. There are, however, also many places where there are not so many tourists. In today’s big world, we are busy and restless, Attractions of Varmia, Masuria and Powiśle 6 chasing time to meet the most important needs. But there are, however, places where life seems to be calmer, where there is more Cittaslow Cities time for reflection. They are small towns located mostly away from main roads, away from big industry and sometimes from the surfeit Barczewo 10 of modernity. Today, when money makes our world go round, when work Biskupiec 15 takes most of our time, we often want to escape to an oasis of peace and tranquility, where life is slower. This is reflected in our Bisztynek 20 various actions: working in big cities – we want to live outside them, working on weekdays – we want to spend weekends close to Dobre Miasto 26 nature, working in noise – we want peace.
    [Show full text]
  • Determinants of Tourism Development in Areas of High Natural Value
    RURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DETERMINANTS OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN AREAS OF HIGH NATURAL VALUE Monika Wasilewicz-Pszczółkowska1, Stefania Środa-Murawska2, Adam Senetra1 1University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland 2Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract Development of tourism, understood as the result of human activity aimed at adapting space to the needs of tourism, requires a variety of specific spatial determinants recognized from the viewpoint of multi-dimensionality of tourist space. One of the major determinants of tourism intensity in an area are landscape values, including natural values. Natural elements of the environment (including the terrain, water reservoirs, natural forms of land cover), sustainable landscape, or the unique cultural objects are the basis for long-term development of tourist activities. These values are characteristic of the so-called naturally valuable areas, including areas under the national and international law of different forms of nature protection. The paper aims at examining the relationship between the existing natural determinants affecting the development of tourism and the intensity of tourist movement as well as tourism intensity and the level of development of tourist facilities in the gminas of the Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodship. The overall objective will be implemented in three stages. The first one will be to identify the existing natural determinants for the development of tourism in the Warmińsko-Mazurskie voivodship. The second phase will consist of an examination of the intensity of tourist movement and the level of the development of tourism by designating Schneider’s, Baretje’s and Defert’s indicators and the share of recreational areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Bodily Violence and Resistance in Wojtek Smarzowski's Rose
    Article Bodily Violence and Resistance in Wojtek Smarzowski’s Rose (Róża, 2011) ELŻBIETA OSTROWSKA, University of Alberta, Canada; email: [email protected] 38 DOI: 10.2478/bsmr-2018-0003 BALTIC SCREEN MEDIA REVIEW 2018 / VOLUME 6 / ARTICLE ABSTRACT The article argues that Wojtek Smarzowski’s filmRose (Róża, Poland, 2011) undermines the dominant bi- gendered logic of screen death and suffering in the Polish films depicting the experience of World War II. In these films, there is a significant absence of images of female suffering and death, which is striking when compared to the abundant images of wounded and dying male bodies, usually represented as a lavish visual spectacle. This unrepresented female death serves as a ‘structuring absence’ that governs the systematic signifying practices of Polish cinema. Most importantly, it expels the female experience of World War II from the realm of history to the realm of the mythical. This representational regime has been established in the Polish national cinema during the 1950s, especially in Andrzej Wajda’s films, and is still proving its longevity. As the author argues, Smarzowski’s Rose is perhaps the most significant attempt to undermine this gendered cinematic discourse. Specifically, the essay explores the ways in which Smarzowski’s Rose departs from previous dominant modes of representation of the World War II experience in Polish cinema, especially its gendered aspect.1 Firstly, it examines how Rose abandons the generic conventions of both war film and historical drama and instead, utilises selected conventions of melodrama to open up the textual space in which to represent the female experience of historical events.
    [Show full text]
  • E:\Krzymińska Po Recenzji\Sppap29.Vp
    JARMILA KRZYMIÑSKA, TADEUSZ NAMIOTKO Quaternary Ostracoda of the southern Baltic Sea (Poland) – taxonomy, palaeoecology and stratigraphy Polish Geological Institute Special Papers,29 WARSZAWA 2013 CONTENTS Introduction .....................................................6 Area covered and geological setting .........................................6 History of research on Ostracoda from Quaternary deposits of the Polish part of the Baltic Sea ..........8 Material and methods ...............................................10 Results and discussion ...............................................12 General overwiew on the distribution and diversity of Ostracoda in Late Glacial to Holocene sediments of the studied cores..........................12 An outline of structure of the ostracod carapace and valves .........................20 Pictorial key to Late Glacial and Holocene Ostracoda of the Polish part of the Baltic Sea and its coastal area ..............................................22 Systematic record and description of species .................................26 Hierarchical taxonomic position of genera of Quaternary Ostracoda of the southern Baltic Sea ......26 Description of species ...........................................27 Stratigraphy, distribution and palaeoecology of Ostracoda from the Quaternary of the southern Baltic Sea ...........................................35 Late Glacial and early Holocene fauna ...................................36 Middle and late Holocene fauna ......................................37 Concluding
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of the Glacier on the Evolution of Terrain in the Polish Region of Warmia and Masuria
    Analele Universităţii din Oradea, Seria Geografie Year XXII, no. 1/2012 (June), pp. 145 - 157 ISSN 1221-1273, E-ISSN 2065-3409 Article no. 221115-578 THE IMPACT OF THE GLACIER ON THE EVOLUTION OF TERRAIN IN THE POLISH REGION OF WARMIA AND MASURIA Piotr ZAWADZKI AWFiS, Department of Tourism and Recreation (DTAR) Kazimierza Górskiego 1, 80-336, Gdansk, Poland, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: In the article the author described the process of glaciation and its effects, which has an impact on formation of the terrain of Poland and in particular of Warmian-Mazurian region. In the article the author presented the processes of creation and shaping of glaciers, their types and particular features of terrain, which appeared as an effect of the glaciers' activity. The analysis of the Warmian-Masurian region was overtaken from the perspective of the appearance of the effects of glaciers activity in the area, mainly the changes in terrain, climate and vegetation. The author also evaluated the tourist and recreational attractiveness of the area, he presented its great natural richness and assessed its uniqueness in comparison with the rest of Poland and Europe. Also other characteristic of Warmia and Masuria were presented in the article. Key words: Poland, Warmian-Mazurian region, process of glaciation and its effects * * * * * * The process of glaciation and movement of the glacier in Europe and thus in Poland thousands of years ago had a fundamental impact on shaping the surface of the territory where it's wandering took place. The most interesting shapes of the ground lateral and terminal moraine the glacier left behind in the north-eastern Poland, mainly in the area of today's Warmian-Mazurian Voivodeship.
    [Show full text]
  • Resources and Use of Agricultural Land in Polish Cities According to Chosen Theories of Location of Agricultural Production
    ISSN 1644-0757 www.acta.media.pl Acta Sci. Pol. Oeconomia 14 (3) 2015, 135–147 RESOURCES AND USE OF AGRICULTURAL LAND IN POLISH CITIES ACCORDING TO CHOSEN THEORIES OF LOCATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION Wojciech Sroka University of Agriculture in Krakow Abstract. This article is written to verify the hypothesis which states that the share of land used by farms within the surface of cities and their scope of production usage are deter- mined by the mechanism of land rents. It can be noted that in big cities (above 500 thou- sands of inhabitants) and in cities with a concentration of companies from non-agricultural sector, the share of agricultural lands is above 8.5 and 5.1 percentage points lower than in the researched city population. It should also be mentioned that in these units above 35% of agricultural lands are not used agriculturally, whereas in Polish cities, on average, this proportion amounts up to about 28%. Upmost importance to the use of lands in cities is also attached to speculative actions and public intervention, which are prevalent in big cities and cities with a large number of companies from non-agricultural sectors. Key words: agricultural land, urban agriculture, location of agricultural production, eco- nomic rent INTRODUCTION The last two hundred years have been a period of a dynamic technical and civili- zation progress as well as socio-economic changes. Industrial growth followed by the growth of the services sector have considerably contributed to an increased importance of towns and cities and gave a start to the urbanization process.
    [Show full text]
  • About This Document How to Use This Document Navigation
    CATEGORIES About this document Employment & welfare This document compiles links to resources on the topic of coal regions in transition. The reader will find a wide variety of resources, including case studies, reports and projects. Environmental rehabilitation & repurposing This is not meant to be an exhaustive list, but a selection of key resources. If you would like to submit resources please send an email to [email protected]. Finance & funding Governance How to use this document Just transition This is a live document that will be updated regularly. Although you can download it, we encourage you to bookmark it in your web browser to make sure you are visiting the most up-to-date version. Strategy & policy If this document was forwarded to you, please follow this link to visit the most up-to-date version. Technology & economic development Navigation Menu A menu on the left side of this document shows the categories available. You can click on each category to navigate through the document. MORE RESOURCES Previous page Click below to visit the On the bottom-left corner, you can find theGo “ to previous page” button, which allows you to go back to the Initiative for coal regions in transition’s resources page, page you last visited. including toolkits, guidelines and case studies covering key transition-related issues. If you have any comments, edits or corrections please contact the Secretariat of the Initiative for coal regions in RESOURCES transition at [email protected]. INITIATIVE FOR COAL REGIONS IN TRANSITION
    [Show full text]