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W 1. Introductory. W 2. Establishment of the S~Wcession Downloaded from http://jgslegacy.lyellcollection.org/ at University of California-San Diego on January 17, 2016 476 J o E. MA.RR AND T. ROBERTS ON THE 35. The Lowsa PAT.~OZ0IC ROCXS of the NzIs~vowaoov of ttAWR- ~ORDW~.ST. By J. E. 3~Aaa, Esq., M.A., F.G.S., Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, and T. ROBERTS, Esq., B.A., F.G.S., St. John's College, Cambridge. (Read June 10, 1885.) [PLATs XV.] w 1. Introductory. T~x~. country around Haverfordwest is of great interest to geologists, first, on account of the evidence fur~tished therein of the relations of the graptolite-bearing beds to the strata which are characterized by the presence of higher organisms, and secondly, from the nature of the foldings which the rocks of the district have undergone. We propose, in this communication, to devote our attention to the former of these subjects. Our work is based upon that which has been done by the Geo- logical Survey, and published in Sheet 40, ]~orizontal Sections, Nos. 1 & 2, and Mem. Geol. Survey, vol. ii. part i. Whilst fully acknowledging the great value of these publications, we think it desirable, now that our knowledge of the forms of life occurring in these rocks has been so much increased by the labours of many geologists in recent years, to attempt a more minute classifi- cation of the rocks of this district than that adopted by the Govern- ment Surveyors. In our opinion, this further description of the beds will throw considerable fight upon the character of the movements which the district has undergone. Our thanks are due to Dr. Hicks for the very kind way in which he placed a series of specimens collected by himself at our disposal. We have also to thank Prof. Lapworth for his kindness in examining our collection of grapt4?lites. The area which we have chiefly examined is a well-defined tract (see Map, P1. XV. fig. 1), about eighteen miles in length from east to west, and having an average breadth of five miles, lying to the north of the towns of Haverfordwest and Narberth. It is bounded on the north by a great fault, running from Roch Castle in an easterly direction, along the margin of a mass of rock which Dr. Hicks has claimed as Pre-Cambrian. On the west and south, the Lower Paheozoic rocks of this tract are succeeded by Old Red Sandstone and Carboniferous deposits, and on the east, a considerable extent of Llandeilo limestone is represented on the Geological Survey map. Within this area is a portion of a wide synclinal, complicated by minor foldings, running from near Clynderwen Station on the east, to the Coal-measures on the west. South of this is a complicated anticlinal in the neighbourhood of Narberth. w 2. Establishment of the S~wcession. 1. 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SEGTION IN l.ANt: Ni, Or PRENDEROAST CHURCH -<'~- l.k,.-/n i,¢'n~lil or Se(-l.ioEl, :~. milo, (~'.'l=f/.t'// . ~/,..,~.ex~' ('f ,~q~7//>,n . N. ~: E. f %~:'m I; ~ ....... 11 L'. ;,.".'9<w., ,~,. , '" ,"'. ,~Treni,v ." , ,'" fh-/d~ic, i !##H'-'i?'l ..i • :, 7~...... , ...~.~-~,.:~ ~:: :, : ~: .: > ~ ......:>___ _~ .--~/./ .~y~ ~,g ~ ~~ ........ • 4. :~-"i" ~'~ :~---~- .... ,' 4' , , ~.)" :~.:;V7:< ,. :." / ~ .: ~-~::.: .......... 7::::;:',.- -Y ..." :<': : " • . :3-?~. -. -.-,-. " ./ ~ '~ ....... ~- ':! • :--L'..b:. ~ ../' / •',' . -" :' / ,s',% /.i ,., ,; ,,' l:ipiII ',' , / '. ....-" L L'Ycr,7/t,gcj~tplu# ,~7~r~le>.~. "]. I,'<'~{ 1/N/,9/<<.,.,.,,. l. DiT'r,u;*,qr/U;/u.v• .~7z<~i,;<" i: //~,-/ ,,?'ill ,$7<l.q<" iPot~c.¢tz?zt. Iliffhe// I.~Ts~;,'h,u~" ,7 057,.,,,t~..~)7,',<:7< • .?. / (b'N i &' ic(il'~v~s,v .~vi.,., ,,~,,;'., 'i , M, , /. ,%l,/~;~@,r'/," /,~m.~'m,r.. • 7 .";:,zmmN of ~£1tW,wtff.,<,h Li//t,whwz" A'/cz~#'. (;. /'..,~/[i I,:,,,zp,,~,~l('', 4'..~7~z~M:~k,.,vA. /.L.,.x <'.,'/,w,-' ,>?...<',,- ? /hW fill! 6?,.~qe. i[ ......... ,7., $'Im:h ~ , finn,". I ........................ ..... MAP AND SECTIONS OF PAL~OZOIC ROCKS NEAR HAVERFORDWEST. Downloaded from http://jgslegacy.lyellcollection.org/ at University of California-San Diego on January 17, 2016 T.OW~R PXL~0zoIe ROCKS OF HAVF~RFO~WXST. 477 running eastward from Roch Castle, north also of the Pre-Cambrian ridges, parallel with this, are black iron-stained slates, weathering olive-grey or yellowish, generally dipping north. They are well seen near Leweston, Trefgarn Bridge, and Spittal Cross. At Lewes- ton Old Mill they have yielded :-- Agnostus pisiformis, Linn. Olenus spinulosus, Wahl --, war. socialis, Tullb. At Trefgarn Bridge the following very important section occurs in a quarry by the roadside, close to the fourth milestone from Haver- fordwest (fig. 2). The shales are considerably disturbed, and contain a fair number of fossils of the same species as those found at Leweston Old Mill. The conglomerate adheres to an ashy-looking rock of Pre-Cambrian (?) age, with nearly vertical divisional planes, the origin of which we were unable to determine. The fossils found in these two localities prove that these beds axe Lingula ]?lags. Dr. Hicks has recorded the presence of Lingula Flags about this spot (Q. 5. G. S. vol. xxxv. p. 287), but gives no ibssil list; and it is interesting to find that his determination of the age of the beds, based presumably upon lithological characters, is fully borne out by the fossil evidence. To the south of the great fault, much newer beds occur, so that we are unable to record the occurrence of Tremadoc and Arenig fossils in the area under consideration. 2. Didymograptus Shales.--These beds occur in the complicated anticlinal to the east of Narberth, and, next to the Lingula Flags, are the oldest beds we have met with in the tract of country we have examined. They consist of black graptolite-shales of the ordinary type, crowded with "tuning-fork" Didymograpti, and con- raining also small horny braehiopods and fragments of trilobites. Didymograptus Murchisoni occurs in abundance. That these beds are underneath the Llandeilo limestone is shown by their occurrence in an anticlinal arch between the limestone of Llan Mill and that of Lampeter Velfry. The southern arch of this anticlinal is vertical, and even reversed in places, but it is indicated as an anticlinal in the horizontal section No. 2 of the Geological Survey. The lime- stone of Lampeter Yelfry is a faulted synclinal, and to the north occurs another anticlinal, between Lampeter Velfry and Llandewi Velfry, and here again the Didymograptus-shales are found, and have yielded Didymograzvti by the roadside west of "L1" in "Llandewi Velfry." The same fossils are found in similar shales near Whitland, below the limestone, but at some distance from its outcrop. Prof. Lapworth (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. Set. 5. vol. iii. p. 59) also places the Didymoyraptus-shales of this area below the Llandeilo limestone. 3. Llandeilo JGimestone.--The well-known black limestone of Llan Mill, Lampeter
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