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ITEM 442 METAL for STRUCTURES 442.1. Description. This Item Shall

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ITEM 442 METAL for STRUCTURES 442.1. Description. This Item Shall ITEM 442 METAL FOR STRUCTURES 442.1. Description. This Item shall govern for all structural steel, high strength bolts, forgings, steel castings, iron castings, wrought iron, bronze, steel pipe and tubing, aluminum castings and tubing, and other miscellaneous metals used in structures, except reinforcing steel and metal culvert pipe. 442.2. Process. All ferrous metals furnished for use under these specifications shall be made by one or more of the following processes only: Open-hearth, basic oxygen, or electric furnace. Mill test reports, supplemental test documentation and certifications required by this Item shall be furnished to the Engineer. 442.3. Structural Steel. (1) Steel for Bridge Structures. The material required for steel bridge structures shall be shown on the plans under the following designations: (a) Structural Steel-HYC - When shown on the plans and in the proposal as Structural Steel- HYC, the material shall conform to the requirements of ASTM A 709 Grade 250. (b) Structural Steel-HS - When shown on the plans and in the proposal as Structural Steel- HS, the material shall conform to the requirements of ASTM A 709 Grade 345 or Grade 345W. The use of either Grade 345 or Grade 345W shall be at the Contractor's discretion for painted structures, but Grade 345W must be used when weathering steel is specified. (c) Structural Steel-XHS - When shown on the plans and in the proposal as Structural Steel- XHS, the material shall conform to the requirements of ASTM A 709 Grade 485W, Grade 690, or Grade 690W. The Grade of material required shall be designated on the plans; if Grade 690 is specified, the use of either Grade 690 or Grade 690W shall be at the Contractor's discretion for painted structures, but Grade 690W must be used when weathering steel is specified. Unless otherwise shown on the plans, impact testing requirements for all grades of steel shall conform to the supplemental requirements of S83 or S84 of ASTM A 709 for tension components of a bridge member that consist of components of tension members and those portions of a flexural member that are subject to tension stress. The geographical boundaries of Zone 1 consists of all counties in Texas below a line which runs west to east below Deaf Smith and Collingsworth counties. Zone 2 shall include all counties above this line. (2) Steel for Non-Bridge Structures. Unless otherwise shown on the plans, structural steels for non-bridge structures listed herein shall conform to the longitudinal Charpy V-notch requirements of Table A for tension components of a member consisting of components of tension members and those portions of a flexural member that are subject to tension stress. Sampling and testing shall be in accordance with ASTM A 673. The (H) frequency of heat testing shall be used for all material with 250 megapascal and 345 megapascal minimum yield points. The (P) frequency of testing shall be used for all material designated as FCM's and for ASTM A 514 or A 517 steels. (a) Carbon Steel. When shown on the plans and in the proposal as Structural Steel-HYC, the material shall conform to the requirements of ASTM A 36. (b) High Strength Steel (HS). High strength steel shall have a minimum required yield point of 345 megapascal, and will be shown on the plans and in the proposal as Structural Steel-HS. Structural Steel-HS shall conform to one of the following ASTM Steels subject to thickness and physical requirements of the pertinent ASTM Specification: 1. ASTM A 572, High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium Vanadium Steels of Structural Quality With 345 Megapascal Minimum Yield Point To 100 Millimeters Thickness. Supplemental Requirement S18, for a maximum tensile strength of 655 megapascal, shall be applicable to material used for sign, signal and luminaire supports. 2. ASTM A 588, High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel With 345 Megapascal Minimum Yield Point To 100 Millimeters Thickness. 3. A36MOD345, a special designation for ASTM A 36, Structural Steel modified to 345 megapascal minimum yield point and a minimum elongation of 18 percent (200 millimeters) or 21 percent (50 millimeters) and a tensile strength between 450 megapascal and 655 megapascal. Chemical requirements shall meet ASTM A 36 except that the maximum manganese content shall be 1.35 percent. Alloys containing Columbium (0.035% maximum) and Vanadium (0.06% maximum) are permissible. TABLE A LONGITUDINAL CHARPY V-NOTCH REQUIREMENTS Material Thickness Group 1 Group 2 Millimeters See Notes See Notes A 36 and Up to 100 20 N⋅m 20 N⋅m A 242 at 21 °C at 4 °C A 572* Up to 100 20 N⋅m 20 N⋅m mechanically at 21 °C at 4 °C fastened and Up to 50 20 N⋅m 20 N⋅m welded at 21 °C at 4 °C A 588* Over 50 27 N⋅m 27 N⋅m to 100 at 21 °C at 4 °C welded A 514 Up to 100 34 N⋅m 34 N⋅m mechanically at - 1 °C at - 18 °C fastened and Up to 34 N⋅m 34 N⋅m 64 at - 1 °C at - 18 °C welded A 517 Over 64 to 47 N⋅m 47 N⋅m 100 welded at - 1 °C at - 18 °C Notes: Group 1: Minimum Service Temperature - 18 °C and above. Group 2: Minimum Service Temperature from - 18 °C to - 34 °C. The geographical boundaries of Group 1 consists of all counties in Texas below a line which runs West to East below Deaf Smith and Collingsworth Counties. Group 2 shall include all counties above this line. *If the yield point of the material exceeds 450 megapascal, the temperature for the CVN value for acceptability shall be reduced by 8 °C for each increment of 70 megapascal or fraction thereof above 450 megapascal. (c) Extra High Strength Steel (XHS). Extra high strength steel when shown on the plans shall have a minimum required yield point of 620 megapascal and will be shown on the plans and in the proposal as Structural Steel-XHS. When so specified, the steel shall conform to the following: 1. ASTM A 514, High-Yield Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate. The steel furnished shall be suitable for welding. Structural shapes and seamless tubing, meeting the other requirements of A 514 steels, will be permitted with a maximum tensile strength of 965 megapascal for structural shapes and 1000 megapascal for seamless tubing. 2. ASTM A 517, Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, High-Strength, Quenched and Tempered. The above listed steels are considered weldable. Other steels will require qualification in accordance with ANSI/AASHTO/AWS Bridge Welding Code D1.5 or ANSI/AWS Structural Welding Code D1.1, whichever is applicable, prior to their use. (3) Miscellaneous Steel. (a) Unless otherwise shown on the plans, structural steel for members such as shoes, diaframs, stiffeners (including bearing stiffeners), lateral bracing, diagonals, armor joints and finger joints shall conform to ASTM A 36 or A 500, Grade B. Structural steels used for secondary or nonstress-carrying members will not be subject to impact requirements. All steels greater than 12 millimeters in thickness used for structural supports for highway signs, luminaries and traffic signals shall conform to the longitudinal Charpy V-notch requirements of Group 1 in accordance with Table A. Charpy V-notch tests will not be required for pipe used in structural supports. (b) Stud shear connectors, slab anchors and anchors on armor joints and finger joints shall conform to the requirements of ASTM A 108, cold drawn bars, Grades 1010, 1015, 1018 or 1020, either semi- or fully-killed. Tensile properties as determined by tests of bar stock after drawing or finishing shall conform to the following: Tensile Strength (Min.) 415 MPa Yield Strength (Min.) 345 MPa Elongation (Min.) 20% (50 mm) Reduction of Area (Min.) 50% Tensile properties shall be determined in accordance with the applicable section of ASTM A 370. The manufacturer shall certify that the studs or anchors as delivered conform with the material requirements of this section. (c) High strength bolts, nuts and washers will be sampled for tests in accordance with Test Method Tex-719-I. High strength bolts shall conform to the requirements of ASTM A 325 or A 490, unless otherwise shown on the plans. Tests, test reports and supplemental requirements for high strength bolts, nuts and washers shall be in accordance with Item 447, "Structural Bolting". When high strength bolts are not required, bolts conforming to ASTM A 307 and nuts conforming to ASTM A 563 shall be used. (d) Steel piling shall conform to the following: Type ASTM Designation Steel H Piling A 36 Sheet Piling (Rolled) A 328* Sheet Piling (Formed) A 570* Grade 36 (250 MPa, yield) *A mill certificate shall be furnished by the manufacturer certifying to the results of tests required by the governing specifications. Sheet piling of a different configuration than that shown on the plans may be used provided the section modulus and mass per meter furnished is equal to or greater than shown on the plans. (e) Deck Plates. Material for deck plates shall conform to the following: Corrosive resistant structural steel conforming to ASTM A 242. The material must be of weldable quality, and shall contain alloying elements that furnish corrosion resistance of at least twice that of copper bearing structural steel. The type of material to be used with its trade name, shall be stated on the shop drawings. (f) Rail Posts. Material for rail posts shall conform to the requirements of ASTM A 36 unless otherwise shown on the plans. 442.4. Steel Forgings. Steel forgings from which pins, rollers, trunnions, or other forged parts are to be fabricated, shall conform to the requirements of the Standard Specifications for Carbon-Steel Forgings for General Industrial Use, ASTM A 668, Class C, D, F or G.
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