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La Generazione Dell'ottanta and the Italian Sound
LA GENERAZIONE DELL’OTTANTA AND THE ITALIAN SOUND A DISSERTATION IN Trumpet Performance Presented to the Faculty of the University of Missouri-Kansas City in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF MUSICAL ARTS by ALBERTO RACANATI M.M., Western Illinois University, 2016 B.A., Conservatorio Piccinni, 2010 Kansas City, Missouri 2021 LA GENERAZIONE DELL’OTTANTA AND THE ITALIAN SOUND Alberto Racanati, Candidate for the Doctor of Musical Arts Degree University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2021 ABSTRACT . La Generazione dell’Ottanta (The Generation of the Eighties) is a generation of Italian composers born in the 1880s, all of whom reached their artistic maturity between the two World Wars and who made it a point to part ways musically from the preceding generations that were rooted in operatic music, especially in the Verismo tradition. The names commonly associated with the Generazione are Alfredo Casella (1883-1947), Gian Francesco Malipiero (1882-1973), Ildebrando Pizzetti (1880-1968), and Ottorino Respighi (1879- 1936). In their efforts to create a new music that sounded unmistakingly Italian and fueled by the musical nationalism rampant throughout Europe at the time, the four composers took inspiration from the pre-Romantic music of their country. Individually and collectively, they embarked on a journey to bring back what they considered the golden age of Italian music, with each one yielding a different result. iii Through the creation of artistic associations facilitated by the fascist government, the musicians from the Generazione established themselves on the international scene and were involved with performances of their works around the world. -
My Musical Lineage Since the 1600S
Paris Smaragdis My musical lineage Richard Boulanger since the 1600s Barry Vercoe Names in bold are people you should recognize from music history class if you were not asleep. Malcolm Peyton Hugo Norden Joji Yuasa Alan Black Bernard Rands Jack Jarrett Roger Reynolds Irving Fine Edward Cone Edward Steuerman Wolfgang Fortner Felix Winternitz Sebastian Matthews Howard Thatcher Hugo Kontschak Michael Czajkowski Pierre Boulez Luciano Berio Bruno Maderna Boris Blacher Erich Peter Tibor Kozma Bernhard Heiden Aaron Copland Walter Piston Ross Lee Finney Jr Leo Sowerby Bernard Wagenaar René Leibowitz Vincent Persichetti Andrée Vaurabourg Olivier Messiaen Giulio Cesare Paribeni Giorgio Federico Ghedini Luigi Dallapiccola Hermann Scherchen Alessandro Bustini Antonio Guarnieri Gian Francesco Malipiero Friedrich Ernst Koch Paul Hindemith Sergei Koussevitzky Circa 20th century Leopold Wolfsohn Rubin Goldmark Archibald Davinson Clifford Heilman Edward Ballantine George Enescu Harris Shaw Edward Burlingame Hill Roger Sessions Nadia Boulanger Johan Wagenaar Maurice Ravel Anton Webern Paul Dukas Alban Berg Fritz Reiner Darius Milhaud Olga Samaroff Marcel Dupré Ernesto Consolo Vito Frazzi Marco Enrico Bossi Antonio Smareglia Arnold Mendelssohn Bernhard Sekles Maurice Emmanuel Antonín Dvořák Arthur Nikisch Robert Fuchs Sigismond Bachrich Jules Massenet Margaret Ruthven Lang Frederick Field Bullard George Elbridge Whiting Horatio Parker Ernest Bloch Raissa Myshetskaya Paul Vidal Gabriel Fauré André Gédalge Arnold Schoenberg Théodore Dubois Béla Bartók Vincent -
Piano Music in Italy During the Fascist Era
PIANO MUSIC IN ITALY DURING THE FASCIST ERA by KARIN MARIA DI BELLA .Mus., The University of Western Ontario, 1994 Mus., Washington University in St. Louis, 1996 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF MUSICAL ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (School of Music) We accept this thesis as conforming tp—^-fre-^required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA January 2002 © Karin Maria Di Bella, 2002 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department The University of Vancouver, Canada Date DE-6 (2/88) Abstract This thesis investigates Italian instrumental music (specifically piano music) during the two decades between the two World Wars, the period of Italian fascism under Mussolini's rule. After two centuries of opera domination in that country, instrumental music, especially an up-to- date brand of it, was sorely lacking. A number of composers recognized this need and began to effect changes in the instrumental music scene, some with more success than others. Most of these composers are not well known to the general music public today. The pressing question is, to what extent the fascist government and its culture had an effect on the development of music during this period. -
Thesis Submission
Rebuilding a Culture: Studies in Italian Music after Fascism, 1943-1953 Peter Roderick PhD Music Department of Music, University of York March 2010 Abstract The devastation enacted on the Italian nation by Mussolini’s ventennio and the Second World War had cultural as well as political effects. Combined with the fading careers of the leading generazione dell’ottanta composers (Alfredo Casella, Gian Francesco Malipiero and Ildebrando Pizzetti), it led to a historical moment of perceived crisis and artistic vulnerability within Italian contemporary music. Yet by 1953, dodecaphony had swept the artistic establishment, musical theatre was beginning a renaissance, Italian composers featured prominently at the Darmstadt Ferienkurse , Milan was a pioneering frontier for electronic composition, and contemporary music journals and concerts had become major cultural loci. What happened to effect these monumental stylistic and historical transitions? In addressing this question, this thesis provides a series of studies on music and the politics of musical culture in this ten-year period. It charts Italy’s musical journey from the cultural destruction of the post-war period to its role in the early fifties within the meteoric international rise of the avant-garde artist as institutionally and governmentally-endorsed superman. Integrating stylistic and aesthetic analysis within a historicist framework, its chapters deal with topics such as the collective memory of fascism, internationalism, anti- fascist reaction, the appropriation of serialist aesthetics, the nature of Italian modernism in the ‘aftermath’, the Italian realist/formalist debates, the contradictory politics of musical ‘commitment’, and the growth of a ‘new-music’ culture. In demonstrating how the conflict of the Second World War and its diverse aftermath precipitated a pluralistic and increasingly avant-garde musical society in Italy, this study offers new insights into the transition between pre- and post-war modernist aesthetics and brings musicological focus onto an important but little-studied era. -
Der Auftakt 1920-1938
Der Auftakt 1920-1938 The Prague music journal Der Auftakt [The upbeat. AUF. Subtitle: “Musikblätter für die tschechoslowakische Republik;” from volume seven, issue two “Moderne Musikblätter”]1 appeared from December 1920 to April 1938.2 According to Felix Adler (1876-1928), music critic for the Prague journal Bohemia and editor of the first eight issues of AUF,3 the journal was formed out of the Musiklehrerzeitung [Journal for music teachers] (1913-16, organ of the Deutscher Musikpädagogischer Verband [German association for music pedagogy] in Prague) and was to be a general music journal with a modern outlook and with a concern for the interests of music pedagogues.4 Under its next editor, Erich Steinhard, AUF soon developed into one of the leading German-language modern music journals of the time and became the center of Czech-German musical collaboration in the Czechoslovakian Republic between the wars.5 Adolf Weißmann, eminent music critic from Berlin, writes: “Among the journals that avoid all distortions of perspective, the Auftakt stands at the front. It has gained international importance through the weight of its varied contributions and the clarity of mind of its main editor.”6 The journal stopped publication without prior announcement in the middle of volume eighteen, likely a result of the growing influence of Nazi Germany.7 AUF was published at first by Johann Hoffmanns Witwe, Prague, then, starting with the third volume in 1923, by the Auftaktverlag, a direct venture of the Musikpädagogischer Verband.8 The journal was introduced as a bimonthly publication, but except for the first volume appearing in twenty issues from December 1920 to the end of 1921, all volumes contain twelve monthly issues, many of them combined into double issues.9 The issues are undated, but a line with the date for the “Redaktionsschluss” [copy deadline], separating the edited content from the 1 Subtitles as given on the first paginated page of every issue. -
Performing Fascism: Opera, Politics, and Masculinities in Fascist Italy, 1935-1941
Performing Fascism: Opera, Politics, and Masculinities in Fascist Italy, 1935-1941 by Elizabeth Crisenbery Department of Music Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Bryan Gilliam, Advisor ___________________________ Benjamin Earle ___________________________ Philip Rupprecht ___________________________ Louise Meintjes ___________________________ Roseen Giles Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Music in the Graduate School of Duke University 2020 ABSTRACT Performing Fascism: Opera, Politics, and Masculinities in Fascist Italy, 1935-1941 by Elizabeth Crisenbery Department of Music Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Bryan Gilliam, Advisor ___________________________ Benjamin Earle ___________________________ Philip Rupprecht ___________________________ Louise Meintjes ___________________________ Roseen Giles An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Music in the Graduate School of Duke University 2020 Copyright by Elizabeth Crisenbery 2020 Abstract Roger Griffin notes that “there can be no term in the political lexicon which has generated more conflicting theories about its basic definition than ‘fascism’.” The difficulty articulating a singular definition of fascism is indicative of its complexities and ideological changes over time. This dissertation offers -
Concerts Conducted by Carl Schuricht Including Music of Anton Bruckner (1912-1965) Original Source
Concerts conducted by Carl Schuricht including music of Anton Bruckner (1912-1965) Original source : http://carlschuricht.com/concert.htm Important Dates 3 July 1880 : Carl Adolph Schuricht was born at Danzig (Gdansk) into a family of organ-builders. His father, Carl Conrad Schuricht was born on 27 January 1856. He was an organ-builder and worked at his father's factory. He died on 9 June 1880 (3 weeks before his son was born !) when he tried to help an employee fallen into the sea, in the bay of Danzig. His mother, Amanda Ludowika Alwine Wusinowska was a well-known Polish Oratorio singer (1847-1935) . She didn't re-marry after her husband's death. 1886 : Began piano and violin lessons at the age of 6. Studied at the « Friedrichs Realgymnasium » in Berlin. 1891 : Began to compose at the age of 11. 1892 : Studied at the « Königliches Realgymnasium » in Wiesbaden. Written the music and the librettos for 2 Operas. 1895 : Started conducting at the age of 15. 1901-1902 : 1st professional job as « Korrepetitor » at the « Stadttheater » of Mainz. 1902 : Won a composition prize from the Kuszynski Foundation, and awarded a scholarship by Franz von Mendelssohn. Allowed him to continue his studies at the « Berliner Musikhochschule » (« der Königlichten Hochschule für Musik ») under Ernst Rudorff, piano ; Heinrich van Eyken (and not Engelbert Humperdink) , composition ; and, later, Max Reger in Leipzig. His musical compositions were published mostly by Drei-Lilien-Verlag, Berlin. Opus 1 : Piano Sonata in F minor. Opus 2 : « Herbst-Stücke » (Opuscules for autumn) for piano and orchestra. Opus 3 : « Fünf Lieder » (5 Songs) . -
The Diablo Regional Arts Association Presents the 2002-2003
The Diablo Regional Arts Association presents the 2002-2003 Season Program IV Cathy Down, violin Teresa Ling, violin Christina King, viola Madeline Prager, viola Barbara Andres, cello Sonia Leong, piano Grace Presbyterian Church Sunday April 13, 2003 4pm Page 1 This concert is dedicated to the memory of SCS board member and supporter Charlie Prager Dmitri Shostakovich Two Pieces for String Quartet (1906 - 1975) (1931) Elegy ( from Lady Macbeth of the Mtensk District Op. 29 ) Polka ( from The Age of Gold Op.22 ) Cathy Down, violin Teresa Ling, violin Christina King, viola Barbara Andres, cello Rebecca Clarke Sonata for Viola and Piano (1886 - 1979) (1919) I Impetuoso II Vivace III Allegro - agitato Madeline Prager, viola Sonia Leong, piano Intermission nastera (1916 – 1983) Ludwig van Beethoven String Quartet No. 16 in F Major, rtet No. 1 (1948) (1770 - 1827) Op. 135 (1826) I Allegretto II Vivace III Lento assai, cantate e tranquillo IV Grave ma non troppo tratto - Allegro Cathy Down, violin Teresa Ling, violin Christina King, viola Barbara Andres, cello Page 2 Dmitri Shostakovich (1906 - 1975) Two Pieces for String Quartet (1931) As a program “opener,” a small dose of Shostakovich. Two Pieces for String Quartet; are actually arrangements for string quartet of pieces from two different stage works. The first piece, entitled Elegy, is taken from his opera Lady Macbeth of the Mtensk District, Op.29 (revised and renamed Katerina Izmailova, Op. 114 more than twenty years later). It was this opera that caused its composer to incur the wrath of the Man of Steel (Stalin) and his murderous regime; a very dangerous position in which to be. -
Branding Brussels Musically: Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism in the Interwar Years
BRANDING BRUSSELS MUSICALLY: COSMOPOLITANISM AND NATIONALISM IN THE INTERWAR YEARS Catherine A. Hughes A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Music. Chapel Hill 2015 Approved by: Annegret Fauser Mark Evan Bonds Valérie Dufour John L. Nádas Chérie Rivers Ndaliko © 2015 Catherine A. Hughes ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Catherine A. Hughes: Branding Brussels Musically: Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism in the Interwar Years (Under the direction of Annegret Fauser) In Belgium, constructions of musical life in Brussels between the World Wars varied widely: some viewed the city as a major musical center, and others framed the city as a peripheral space to its larger neighbors. Both views, however, based the city’s identity on an intense interest in new foreign music, with works by Belgian composers taking a secondary importance. This modern and cosmopolitan concept of cultural achievement offered an alternative to the more traditional model of national identity as being built solely on creations by native artists sharing local traditions. Such a model eluded a country with competing ethnic groups: the Francophone Walloons in the south and the Flemish in the north. Openness to a wide variety of music became a hallmark of the capital’s cultural identity. As a result, the forces of Belgian cultural identity, patriotism, internationalism, interest in foreign culture, and conflicting views of modern music complicated the construction of Belgian cultural identity through music. By focusing on the work of the four central people in the network of organizers, patrons, and performers that sustained the art music culture in the Belgian capital, this dissertation challenges assumptions about construction of musical culture. -
Futurism in Venice, Crisis and “La Musica Dell'avvenire,” 1924*
Futurism in Venice, Crisis and “la musica dell’avvenire,” 1924* Harriet Boyd La crise militaire est peut-être finie. La crise économique est visible dans tout sa force; mais la crise intellectuelle, plus subtile, et qui, par sa nature, même, prend les apparences les plus trompeuses.1 (Paul Valéry, 1924) The future of old media Tucked away in the recesses of the Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana in Venice is a one-off Futurist periodical. The accumulated dust and lack of wear belie its significance. Entitled Arabau Barù (an idiosyncratic greeting used by the Venetian Futurists),2 the periodical was produced in Venice by local activists Renzo Bertozzi and Paolo Foscari to generate publicity on the eve of a musico-theatrical event at the city’s Teatro Goldoni on January 25, 1924. The publication marks a neglected moment in Futurism’s history. Styled as a four-page broadsheet, it exhibits the black and red text and typography favored by the Futurists (see Figure 1). The title typeface suggests both velocity and auditory volume: “Arabau” rises from a small to large font, and the letters of “Barù” are distributed on various horizontal lines, as if to suggest their transcription on a musical stave. The edition’s subtitle reads “argomento dei futuristi veneziani esce quando vuole e può” (Exposition of the Venetian Futurists, appearing when it wants to and can); inscribed in a vortical shape that resembles the electronic loudspeaker, it too suggests its sonic realization. Slogans are scattered across the page: to the left is the play on words “Marciare, non marcire” (March, don’t rot), taken from the 1915 manifesto “Il teatro futurista sintetico;” this is mirrored by “Tutto il futurismo!?!” to the right.3 *There are many people I would like to thank for their encouragement, support, and advice in the completion of this article: above all, Roger Parker, and also Tamsin Alexander, Ross Cole, Kate Guthrie, Katherine Hambridge, Axel Körner, Emanuele Senici, Francesca Vella, and Gavin Williams. -
Antonio Vivaldi «The Four Seasons» Nature and the Culture of Sound
Antonio Vivaldi «The Four Seasons» The Contest Between Harmony and Invention First violins: Federico Cardilli*, Azusa Onishi, Eleonora Minerva, Sabina Morelli Second violins: Leonardo Spinedi*, Francesco Peverini, Alessandro Marini, Vanessa Di Cintio Violas: Gianluca Saggini*, Riccardo Savinelli, Luana De Rubeis Cellos: Giulio Ferretti*, Chiara Burattini Double bass: Alessandro Schillaci Harpsichord: Ettore Maria del Romano Nature and the culture of sound The concerts that we’ve become accustomed to call The Four Seasons, are contained in a series of twelve and were published in Amsterdam in 1725 as Opera 8. Vivaldi himself entitled the work, Il cimento dell’armonia e dell’invenzione (The Pursuit of Harmony and Invention). The collection is dedicated to the Bohemian Count Wenzel von Morzin, who requested the composer as his “maestro of music in Italy”, that is, as a non-resident Kappellmeister: Vivaldi’s fame was widespread in all of Europe. There is no need to add a single word of comment to the title: cimento (pursuit, or test) / armonia (harmony) / invenzione (invention), the sense of composition, between rules and freedom, science and art, is perfectly contained there in. The Seasons – the first four concert of the collection, in the sequence of Spring, Summer, Autumn and Winter – are each accompanied by a sonnet by an anonymous poet. There is reason to believe that the author is Vivaldi himself. The sonnets were neglected on the basis of their literary quality (in a critical review of the work from 1950, Gian Francesco Malipiero misjudges them, “captions of an extremely Baroque nature that define the character of the work as almost that of program music”). -
Correspondences in the Musical Archives of the Fondazione Giorgio Cini
Correspondences in the Musical Archives of the Fondazione Giorgio Cini Angela Carone Fondazione Giorgio Cini, Venezia Francisco Rocca Fondazione Giorgio Cini, Venezia THE CORPUS OF MUSICIANS’ CORRESPONDENCE The Istituto per la Musica was founded in 1985 at the Fondazione Giorgio Cini in Venice (FGC). It currently houses 21 personal fonds of Italian composers and musicians who were active in a period stretching from the late 19th century to the present day. Along with the manuscripts and printed material that bear witness to the genesis and context of their creative work (sketches, drafts, scores, texts, programmes, press cuttings, etc.), the correspondence is one of the richest areas of the Institute’s documentary heritage. The corpus is made up of around 50,000 items (letters, draft letters, postcards, telegrams, etc.) that constitute a large network of correspondence between composers, musicians, institutions and leading figures on the international artistic and cultural scene.1 The documents belong to 15 fonds as shown in the following TABLE 1:2 113 ARCHIVAL NOTES Sources and Research from the Institute of Music, No. 1 (2016) © Fondazione Giorgio Cini, Venezia ISBN 9788896445136 | ISSN 2499‒832X ANGELA CARONE – FRANCISCO ROCCA TABLE 1. Correspondence items housed at the Fondazione Giorgio Cini, Istituto per la Musica (Venezia). Fonds Correspondence documents Alfredo Casella 5298 items Siro Cisilino ca 100 items Luigi Cortese 3633 items Gino Gorini ca 100 items Domenico Guaccero ca 350 items Egisto Macchi 26 items Gian Francesco Malipiero