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Index Abernethy, Thomas G. 273, 279, 290, 324, 345 Great Emigration 272, 281 abortion 306, 457–9 gubernatorial election of 1991 373 Ackia, battle of 32 health 201–2, 360 actors 265–6 Johnson, Jr. administration 325 Adam, Bidwell 230, 237 Mabus administration 371–2 Adams, John 54 mid-twentieth century 342 Adams, John Quincy 81, 89, 90 music 257 Adams, Robert H. 82 poetry 255–6 Afghanistan conflict 461 population trends 331, 353–4, 355, 356 African Americans poverty 362 1927 flood 226, 227–9 presidential election of 2008 431 1950s 283, 285 progressive “rednecks” 207 Allain administration 370 recent political trends 365, 367, 378 antebellum 109–14, 119 Reconstruction 153–5, 156, 157, 158, 159, Bailey administration 278 161, 163–4, 165, 166 Bilbo administration 213, 280 religion 199–200, 201, 297, 298, 299, 303–5 Coleman administration 292, 293 Republican party 170, 229, 324, 325 congressional elections of 2003 430 Roosevelt, Franklin D. administration 279 Constitution of 1890 176–8, 181 Russell administration 220 Democratic party 170, 181, 290, 325, 326–7, Second Reconstruction 309 348, 425 sharecropping 188–9 education 194–5, 196, 197–9, 278, 288–90, statewide elections of 2011 433 381–7, 392, 393, 395,COPYRIGHTED 396 suffrage MATERIAL 279, 280 farm owners 332, 333 twentieth-century transitions 343 Finch administration 347 twenty-first century 460 fine arts 262–3, 264 Vietnam war 327 first judge 370 Waller administration 343–4 Fordice administration 375 White’s second administration 288–90, 291 free blacks 114 Williams administration 326 Great Depression 236 Winter administration 367, 369 Mississippi: A History, Second Edition. Westley F. Busbee, Jr. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 0002173786.INDD 496 9/17/2014 2:12:42 PM Index 497 World War II 276, 280–1 American party (“Know-Nothing” party) 128 Wright administration 279, 285 American Revolution 42–4 see also civil rights movement Ames, Adelbert 153, 162, 163, 164–5, 166, Agnew, Spiro T. 327 171, 373 Agricultural and Industrial (A&I) Board 278, Anderson, Albert C. 229 294, 310, 337, 338, 414 Anderson, Gary 429 Agricultural Bank 105 Anderson, James Craig 454 Agricultural Board 236 Anderson, John B. 368 agricultural high schools 231–2 Anderson, Phyliss J. 460 Agricultural Service Department 235 Anderson, Reuben 370 Agricultural Stabilization and Anderson, Tom 373 Conservation Service (earlier Anderson, Walter Inglis 264 Agricultural Adjustment Antoine, Kevin 377 Administration) 241–2, 243 aquaculture 404 agriculture Archie, Lonzo 447 1950s 283 Armstrong, David 370 antebellum 101, 102–3 Arnold, Mrs. J. E. 223 Barnett administration 310 Articles of Confederation 47 Bilbo administration 214 artists 263–4 British period 41 Asian Americans 354–5 Civil War 147 athletics 283, 285, 351–3 Conner administration 237 Atkins, Joe 296 n. 1 early twentieth century 187–90 Audubon, John James 263 French period 35 Autry, James A. 330 Great Depression 241–2 Avants, Ernest 455 recent trends 402–8 aviation 339–40, 419–20 Reconstruction 156–7 Ayers, Jake, Sr./Ayers case 395–6 Spanish period 49–51 twentieth-century transition 331–4 Bailey, Francis 57 White administration 244–5 Bailey, Thomas L. 230, 238, 270, 277–9, 285 Whitfield administration 224–5 Ballet Magnificat 266 World War II 275–6, 280 Ballet Mississippi 266 Alcorn, James Lusk 129, 155–6, 159, 162, 163, Bank of Mississippi 75, 76 164–5, 169 Bankhead Act (1916) 214 Alcorn State University (earlier Alcorn banking 400–2 Agricultural and Mechanical Baptists 297–8, 453 College) 116, 181, 196, 231, 393 antebellum 117, 118, 119 Alexander, C. H. 211 General Missionary Baptist Association 200 Alexander, Margaret Walker 249, health care 305–6 250, 255 race relations 303, 304–5 Alexander v. Holmes County Board of Spanish period 51 Education 386 women 305 Allain, William A. “Bill” 367, 369–71 Barbour, Haley 254, 368, 374, 420, 428–9, 430, American Indians 10–11 431, 436, 437, 438, 443–4, 446, 447, 451, British period 38–9, 40, 41, 42–3 453, 457, 459 French period 25, 35 Barbour, William, Jr. 367 late seventeenth century 14–21 Barkley, Alben William 243 population trends 354–5 Barksdale, Ethelbert 173, 174 Spanish explorers 10, 12–14 Barksdale, James and Sally 391 Spanish period 47–8 Barksdale, William 129 statehood 80, 81, 84 Barnett, Ross Robert 288, 291, 293, 309–18, Territorial period 57, 60, 63, 64, 65 319, 320, 322, 325, 327–8 see also specific tribes Barrett, Margaret 377 0002173786.INDD 497 9/17/2014 2:12:42 PM 498 Index Barrett, Richard 347, 366, 455 Bonnie Blue flag 134 Barry, William 135 borders 2 BAWI (balancing agriculture with British period 37 industry) program 244, 245, 275, 337, Spanish period 45–7, 52 338, 339, 413 statehood 71–2 Bailey administration 277, 278 Territorial period 55 Coleman administration 294 Boswell, Henry 202, 213, 359 Johnson administration 271–2 Bouligny, Francis 48 White’s first administration 294 Bourbons 170–4 White’s second administration 288 constitution of 1890 176–7 Wright administration 285 economic conditions 190 Bayou Pierre 47 education 195 Beasley, Daniel 65 end of 185 Beauregard, Pierre G. T. 135, 137 geography and 8 Beeman, Joseph H. 176 populists and 175 Belhaven University 197, 199, 266, 395 primary election law 184 Bell, John 133, 134 progressive “rednecks” 205, 206, 207 Bell, Percy 224 Bowen, David R. 337, 345, 346, 367, 368 Bennett, Marshall 429 Bowen, John S. 143 Bethel AME Church 298 Bowers, Sam 320, 321, 322 Biddle, Nicholas 95 n. 4 Bowie, Jim 109 Biden, Joseph R., Jr. 431, 434 Bowlin, Bill 373 Bienville, Jean Baptiste le Moyne, Sieur Boyd, Richard A. 388 de 26–7, 28, 29–33, 34 Bradford, A. B. 99 Biggers, Neal B. 303, 395 Bradley, Jaye 446 Bilbo, Theodore G. 212 Brady, Thomas P. 343, 380 n. 1, 385–6 Barnett’s admiration of 309 Bragg, Braxton 137, 138, 144 Democratic nomination 285 Bramlett, Leon 369 first administration 213–16, 217, 220, Bramlette, David C. 427 n. 3 229–32, 234, 288 Brandon, Gerard C. 78, 79, 80–4, 85 gubernatorial election of 1923 224 Breckinridge, John C. 133, 134, 137 Johnson’s defeat of 270 Brewer, Earl Leroy 209, 211–13, 226, 285 Russell trial 223, 224 Brice’s Crossroads 144–5 second administration 234–6, 237, 395 Briggs, Eddie 374, 376, 377 as senator 211, 242–3, 272, 280 British colonial expansion 26, 27, 32 Biloxi 27, 28 British period 37–44, 464 Biloxi Indians 21 British Petroleum (BP) oil spill 445–6, 460 Black, John 82 Brooks, Janice Broome 363 Black, Roy Herbert 326 Brooks, Preston 129 Black Code 156 Brown, Albert G. 93, 97–9, 122, 123, 127 Blackburn, Billy 429 Brown, John 128, 131, 133, 135 Blackmon, Barbara 378, 429 Brown, Troy D. 426 Blair, George 373 Brown, Walter 345 Blanton, Barbara 376 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas Blind, School for the 358 (1954) 289, 290, 293, 312, 385–6 Blommart, John 43 Browne, Montfort 39–40 blue dog Democrats 425 Bruce, Blanche Kelso 158, 159, 169, 174 Blue Mountain College 197 Brunini, Joseph 304 Bodron, Ellis 345 Bryan, William Jennings 181 boll weevils 189–90, 210, 225, 334 Bryant, Dewey Phillip “Phil” 374, 378, Bolls, John 51 429, 430, 432–3, 438, 446, 447, 448, 450, Bond, Willard F. 213, 226, 238, 240 457, 459 Bonner, Sherwood 199 Buchanan, James 129 0002173786.INDD 498 9/17/2014 2:12:42 PM Index 499 Buell, Don Carlos 136, 137 Chapel of the Cross, Madison County 297 Bullen, Joseph 118 Charles IV, King of Spain 52 Bullock, Joe 338 charter schools 452 Burkitt, Frank 176, 181, 182 Chase, Salmon P. 148 Burling, Walter 103 Chata and Chickasa, legend of 17 Burnham, Tom 388 Cheney, Richard 430 Burr affair 61–3 Chester, Peter 40–1, 43 Busbee, Sarah Pauline Simmons 255 Chickasaws 17, 18, 20–1 Bush, Fred 338 American Revolution 42–3 Bush, George H. W. 372, 373, 375, 426, 429 French period 32–3 Bush, George W. 426, 428, 430, 431 Spanish period 47 Butler, Andrew Pickens 129 statehood 84 Butler, Benjamin F. 137 Childers, Travis W. 431 Butler, Carl 345 Childs, Joshua 109 Butts, John 454 Choctaws 17, 18, 19–20 Byrd, Harry F. 318 casinos 374 population trends 354–5 Cadillac, Antoine Laumet de la Mothe 29–30 statehood 76–8, 81, 83, 84, 85 Cage, Harry 82 Territorial period 61 Cain, Mary D. 288, 291 twenty-first century 440 Caldwell, Isaac 109 Churches of Christ 299 Calhoon, S. S. 177 Citizens’ Council 289, 293, 303, 313, 316, Calhoun, John C. 76, 124 320, 343 California, sectionalism 122, 124 Civil Rights Act (1964) 320, 322, 324 n. 5, 386 Caller, James 65 civil rights movement 455–6 Cameron, John E. 347 1950s 285–6 camp meetings 118 anti-Semitism 301 Canada 23–4, 26, 28–9, 30, 32 Barnett administration 312–18 Capers, Charlotte 294 Coleman administration 292, 293, 295 capitol 90, 91, 93, 182, 184, 294 Johnson, Jr. administration 319–25 Cardoza, Thomas W. 165, 166, 194 presidential election of 1952 290, 291 Carmichael, Gil 345, 346, 366 religion 303, 323 Carmichael, Stokely 315 Second Reconstruction 327–8 Carondelet, Francisco Luis Hector de 47, 52 Tougaloo College 198 carpetbaggers 158–9, 164 White’s second administration 291 Carter, Hodding 227, 322 Williams administration 326 Carter, Jimmy 148, 347–8, 368 Civil Rights Museum 369, 456 Cartier, Jacques 23–4 Civil War 135–50 casinos 306–7, 353, 374, 411–12, 445 peace movement 145–7 Cass, Lewis 124 Civil Works Administration (CWA) 241 Casteel, Homer H. 220 Civilian Conservation Corporation (CCC) 241 Castillo, Julio Del 429 Claiborne, Ferdinand L.