Reformation T I M E L I

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reformation timeline reformation timeline The Protestant Reformation 1378-1417 1505 Great Schism Luther becomes friar at Erfurt between rival popes 1509 1384 Birth of John Calvin Death of John Wycliffe, Henry VIII becomes king English reformer of England 1415 1517 Jan Hus of Prague burned at stake, Luther posts 95 Theses sparks Hussite Revolt in Wittenberg 1453 1519 Fall of Constantinople Charles V becomes Holy Roman Emperor 1456 Printing of first Gutenberg Bible 1520 Luther excommunicated 1478 Spanish Inquisition is founded 1521 Diet of Worms 1483 Birth of Martin Luther 1522 Luther publishes translation of the New Testament 1484 Zwingli hosts Lenten Birth of Huldrych Zwingli sausage meal in Zurich 1497 1523-1526 Birth of Philip Melanchthon Reformation of Zurich 1504 Birth of Heinrich Bullinger www.history.pcusa.org | www.presbyterianfoundation.org • 2 reformation timeline The Protestant Reformation 1524 1536 First Protestant hymnal produced by Publication of Calvin’s Luther and Johan Walter Institutes, Bullinger’s First Helvetic Confession 1524-1525 Peasants’ War in Germany 1538-1541 Calvin serves as minister 1525 in Strasbourg Luther marries Katharina von Bora 1541 Calvin returns to Geneva 1526 William Tyndale publishes New 1547 Testament in English Death of Luther Death of Henry VIII 1529 First religious war in Switzerland 1553 Burning of Servetus in Geneva 1530 Augsburg Confession published 1556 Abdication of Charles V 1531 Zwingli killed in battle, 1559-1560 Bullinger succeeds him Religious revolution in Scotland as minister of Zurich 1560 1532-1535 Death of Melanchthon Henry VIII breaks with Publication of Geneva Bible Rome and becomes head Publication of Scots Confession of Church of England 1563 1534 Publication of Heidelberg Catechism Calvin flees France, settles in Geneva www.history.pcusa.org | www.presbyterianfoundation.org • 3 reformation timeline The Protestant Reformation 1564 1619 Death of Calvin Synod of Dort develops Canons of Dort 1566 Second Helvetic 1641 Confession published Catholic rebellion in Ireland 1572 1642 St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre Civil War in England in Paris 1643-1649 1575 Westminster Assembly develops Death of Heinrich Bullinger Westminster Standards 1582 1648 Gregory XIII reforms Treaty of Westphalia the calendar ends Thirty Years War 1589 1649 Huguenot Henry of Execution of Charles I Navarre becomes king of England Henry IV of France 1660 1593 Restoration of Charles II Henry IV converts to Catholicism and Church of England 1598 1685 Edict of Nantes declares Edict of Nantes revoked limited tolerance for by Louis XIV Huguenots in France 1618 1688-1689 Thirty Years War begins “Glorious Revolution” deposes James II in Britain and Ireland, Establishes toleration for Protestant non-Anglicans www.history.pcusa.org | www.presbyterianfoundation.org • 4.

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AP European History: Unit – 2 - Age of Reformation Practice Test
AP European History: Unit – 2 - Age of Reformation Practice Test Question 1 In this passage, Martin Luther advocated for A. justification by faith B. justification by works C. development of the science of astronomy D. the Bible as the sole source of religious authority Question 2 The Catholic church’s response to the scientific ideas expressed above was to A. encourage these scientific ideas, as the church opposed Martin Luther B. suppress scientific ideas, as the church opposed scientific research C. privately encourage scientific research but publicly condemn it D. remain neutral, as science was not related to religion Question 3 One of the causes of the Reformation was A. Corruption and abuses in the Catholic church. B. Poverty of the Catholic Church. C. Scholastic criticism of church hierarchy. D. Charles V's Peace of Augsburg Question 4 Major Protestant reformers included all these people EXCEPT A. Martin Luther B. Huldrich Zwingli C. Erasmus of Rotterdam D. John Calvin Question 5 With which of the following viewpoints would John George agree? A. The Counter-Reformation should continue B. Debate among intellectuals should be admired C. Each prince should determine the religion of his people D. The Jesuits should be excommunicated Question 6 John George explains, from his perspective, the causes of the A. German peasants revolt B. English Civil War C. War of the Three Henrys D. Thirty Years’ War Question 7 The 1521 Diet of Worms was A. an assembly convened by the Holy Roman Emperor in order to discuss matters of state and church affairs B. A meeting of church officials to decide the fate of Martin Luther C.
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QUESTION 39 Schism We Next Have to Consider the Vices That Are Opposed to Peace and That Involve Deeds: Schism (Schisma) (Quest
QUESTION 39 Schism We next have to consider the vices that are opposed to peace and that involve deeds: schism (schisma) (question 39); strife (rixa) (question 41); sedition (seditio) (question 42); and war (bellum) (question 40). On the first topic there are four questions: (1) Is schism a special sin? (2) Is schism a more serious sin than unbelief? (3) Do schismatics have any power? (4) Are schismatics appropriately punished with excommunication? Article 1 Is schism a special sin? It seems that schism is not a special sin: Objection 1: As Pope Pelagius says, “Schism (schisma) sounds like scissor (scissura).” But every sin effects some sort of cutting off—this according to Isaiah 59:2 (“Your sins have cut you off from your God”). Therefore, schism is not a special sin. Objection 2: Schismatics seem to be individuals who do not obey the Church. But a man becomes disobedient to the precepts of the Church through every sin, since sin, according to Ambrose, “is disobedience with respect to the celestial commandments.” Therefore, every sin is an instance of schism. Objection 3: Heresy likewise cuts a man off from the unity of the Faith. Therefore, if the name ‘schism’ implies being cut off, then schism does not seem to differ as a special sin from the sin of unbelief. But contrary to this: In Contra Faustum Augustine distinguishes schism from heresy as follows: “Schism is believing the same things as the others and worshiping with the same rites, but being content merely to split the congregation, whereas heresy is believing things that are diverse from what the Catholic Church believes.” Therefore, schism is not a general sin.
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Practical Information
EN PRACTICAL INFORMATION The Memorial is a free public space open all year round, except during moments of flooding. VISITING ON YOUR OWN Open everyday. No reservation necessary. • from 9 am to 6 pm from 16 September to 14 May, • from 9 am to 8 pm from 15 May to 15 September. A MEMORIAL, Last access 30 minutes before closing time. Closed for maintenance in the last week of January. LEST WE GUIDED VISITS FORGET For groups, a tour “From history to memory” (museum + Memorial) is available. Reservation: • Tel.: +33 2 40 20 60 11 - Fax: +33 2 51 17 48 65 • [email protected] MEMORIAL TO THE ABOLITION OF SLAVERY A STRUGGLE Quai de la Fosse TRAMWAY > line 1 FOR HUMAN (2017) STOP > Médiathèque or Chantiers Navals N VA www.memorial.nantes.fr L RIGHTS CHâTEAu dES duCS dE BretagNE MuSéE d’histoire dE NANTES 4, place Marc-Elder - From abroad : +33 2 51 17 49 48 TRAMWAY > line 1 omps – Jean-Dominique Billaud - T STOP > duchesse Anne - Château des ducs de Bretagne www.chateaunantes.fr The Memorial to the Abolition of Slavery is property of Nantes Métropole. Le Voyage à Nantes is responsible for its management as part of the public service delegation handling the Château des ducs de Bretagne and the Memorial to the Abolition of Slavery. : Franck credits hotographic P – ® L A MEMORIAL TO THE ABOLITION OF SLAVERY ROSENTH A P www.memorial.nantes.fr A AP ON THE QUAY A COMMEMORATIVE ITINERARY Stretched out over 7000 m2 (75 000 sq. ft.) 2000 glass plaques can be This monument is one of the most found throughout the plant-covered important memorials in the world esplanade that runs alongside the devoted to the slave trade and its Loire River.
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William Tyndale
204 WILLIAM TYNDALE, I have now set before you God's command and promise. His command is plain and peremptory: "Come out from among them." Will you disobey it? His promise is per suasive and precious: "I will be a Father unto you." Will you disbelieve it? Do not confer with flesh and blood. Do not delay your decision. Act now. "vVherefore as the Holy Ghost saith: To-day if ye will hear His voice, harden not your hearts.'' C. F. DREWES. WILLIAM TYNDALE, THE TRANSLATOR OF THE ENGLISH DIBLE. (Concluded.) Tyndale's Death in Holland. King Henry sent Sir Thomas Elyot to the Continent to drag Tyndale to England, and for a time the Reformer / wandered about in Germany to elude his pursuers, but later he again settled in Antwerp. In 1534 he reissued the Pen tateuch and the revised second edition of the New Testa ment-"Tyndale's noblest monument." The prologues and glosses "have to a considerable extent been translated from the German of Luther." In 1535 Tyndale prepared yet another edition of the New Testament, with headings to chapters of the Gospels and the Acts, but without the marginal notes. It was a crime in any Englishman to sell, buy, or read a copy of the New Testament in his native tongue. A change was coming. Richard Herman, a mer chant adventurer of Antwerp, was imprisoned for his ''help to the setting forth of the New Tes tam en t in English.'' He appealed to Anne Boleyn, now Queen of Henry VIII, and in a letter to Thomas Cromwell she requested the release of the prisoner.
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Reformation Roots Edited by John B
THE LIVING THEOLOGICAL HERITAGE OF THE UNITED CHURCH OF CHRIST Barbara Brown Zikmund Series Editor L T H VOLUME TWO Reformation Roots Edited by John B. Payne The Pilgrim Press Cleveland, Ohio Contents The Living Theological Heritage of the United Church of Christ ix Reformation Roots 1 Part L Late Medieval and Renaissance Piety and Theology 37 1. The Book of the Craft of Dying (c. mid-15th century) 37 2. The Imitation of Christ (c. 1427) 51 THOMAS À KEMPIS 3. Eternal Predestination and Its Execution in Time (1517) 69 JOHN VON STAUPITZ 4.Paraclesis(1516) 86 DESIDERIUS ERASMUS Part II. Reformation in Germany, Switzerland, and the 98 Netherlands Martin Luther and the German Reformation 5. The Freedom of a Christian (1520) 98 MARTIN LUTHER 6. Formula of Mass and Communion for the Church 121 at Wittenberg (1523) MARTIN LUTHER 7. Hymn: Out of the Depths I Cry to Thee (1523) 137 MARTIN LUTHER 8. Small Catechism (1529) 140 MARTIN LUTHER 9. The Augsburg Confession (1530) 160 Zwingli and the Swiss Reformation 10. Sixty-Seven Articles (1523) 196 ULRICH ZWINGLI 11. Action or Use of the Lord's Supper (1525) 205 ULRICH ZWINGLI 12. The Schleitheim Confession of Faith (1527) 214 13. The Marburg Colloquy (1529) 224 VI • CONTENTS 14. Sermon One, Decade One: Of the Word of God 248 from Decades (1549-51) HEINRICH BULLINGER Calvin and the Genevan Reformation 15. The Law from Institution of the Christian Religion (1536) 266 JOHN CALVIN 16. The Geneva Confession (1536) 272 WILLIAM FAREL AND JOHN CALVIN 17. The Strasbourg Liturgy (1539) 280 MARTIN BUCER 18.
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Researching Huguenot Settlers in Ireland
BYU Family Historian Volume 6 Article 9 9-1-2007 Researching Huguenot Settlers in Ireland Vivien Costello Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byufamilyhistorian Recommended Citation The BYU Family Historian, Vol. 6 (Fall 2007) p. 83-163 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in BYU Family Historian by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. RESEARCHING HUGUENOT SETTLERS IN IRELAND1 VIVIEN COSTELLO PREAMBLE This study is a genealogical research guide to French Protestant refugee settlers in Ireland, c. 1660–1760. It reassesses Irish Huguenot settlements in the light of new findings and provides a background historical framework. A comprehensive select bibliography is included. While there is no formal listing of manuscript sources, many key documents are cited in the footnotes. This work covers only French Huguenots; other Protestant Stranger immigrant groups, such as German Palatines and the Swiss watchmakers of New Geneva, are not featured. INTRODUCTION Protestantism in France2 In mainland Europe during the early sixteenth century, theologians such as Martin Luther and John Calvin called for an end to the many forms of corruption that had developed within the Roman Catholic Church. When their demands were ignored, they and their followers ceased to accept the authority of the Pope and set up independent Protestant churches instead. Bitter religious strife throughout much of Europe ensued. In France, a Catholic-versus-Protestant civil war was waged intermittently throughout the second half of the sixteenth century, followed by ever-increasing curbs on Protestant civil and religious liberties.3 The majority of French Protestants, nicknamed Huguenots,4 were followers of Calvin.
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Pdfeast-West-Schism.Pdf 97 KB
Outline the events that lead to an overall schism between the church of the East and the West. Was such a schism inevitable given the social, political and ecclesiastical circumstances? Name: Iain A. Emberson Module: Introducing Church History Essay Number: 1 Tutor: Richard Arding Date: 11 November 2009 1 Outline 1. Introduction 2. Greek and Latin Cultural Differences 3. Rome and Constantinople 4. The Filioque 5. The Iconoclastic Controversy 6. The Photian Schism 7. Excommunication and Final Schism 8. Aftermath and Reflection 9. Conclusion 10. Bibliography 2 1. Introduction The East-West Schism (also known as the Great Schism) resulted in the division of Christianity into Eastern (Greek) and Western (Latin) branches. The mutual excommunications in 1054 marked the climax to a long period of tension between the two streams of Christianity and resulted from, amongst other things, cultural, linguistic, political and theological differences that had built up over time. Here we examine a number of these differences and their ultimate culmination in dividing East from West. 2. Greek and Latin Cultural Differences In his work 'Turning Points', Noll argues that “As early as the first century, it was possible to perceive pointed differences between the representatives of what would one day be called East and West.” 1 The Eastern Orthodox theologian Timothy Ware expands on this: From the start, Greeks and Latins had each approached the Christian mystery in their own way. At the risk of some oversimplification, it can be said that the Latin approach was more practical, the Greek more speculative; Latin thought was influenced by judicial ideas...while the Greeks understood theology in the context of worship and in the light of the Holy Liturgy..
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Refugee Timeline for Workshop
French Wars of Religion Between Roman Catholics Started with and Huguenots Ended with the the Massacre Persecution of (Reformed French Edict of Nantes Huguenots of Vassy Allowed starts 1562 Hugeneouts the 1620 right to work in any job. 1598 Civil War in Spanish War in the Dutch speaking areas of Belgium, Luxemburg and parts of Holland. Dutch speaking Spanish Netherlands Protestants are becomes independent executed and Netherlands lands are 1608 confiscated 1560 Refugees from the Spanish Netherlands became known as CONFLICTS: WORLD EVENTS Map showing the Spanish Nether- 1550 1575 1600 1625 Tudor Period ES: NORFOLK CONSEQUENC- French Persecution of Huguenots (Reformed French Protestants) The Dragonnades King Louis XIV of France encouraged soldiers to abuse French Protestants and destroy or steal their possessions. He wanted Huguenot families to leave France or convert to Catholicism. Edict of Fontainebleau Louis IX of France reversed the Edict of Nantes which stopped religious freedom for Protestants. 1685 King Louis XIV France French Flag before the French Revolution 1650 1675 170 1725 1750 1775 Stuart Period Russian persecution Ends with the Edict of of Jews Versailles which The Italian Wars of allowed non-Catholics to practice their Started with the May Laws. religion and marry Independence 1882 without becoming Jews forced to Catholic Individual states become live in certain 1787 independent from Austria and unite areas and not allowed in specific schools French Revolution or to do specific jobs. Public rebelled against the king and religious leaders. Resulted in getting rid of the King 1789-99 French Flag after the French Revolution Individual states which form 1775 1800 1825 1850 1875 1900 Georgian Period Victorian Period Russian persecution Second World War Congolese Wars Syrian Civil Global war involved the vast Repeal of the May Conflict involving nine African War majority of the world's nations.
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Bordeaux Et Nantes - Lyon Livret D’Information Salariés
FÉVRIER 2020 MISE EN CONCURRENCE DES LIGNES NANTES - BORDEAUX ET NANTES - LYON LIVRET D’INFORMATION SALARIÉS LE GOUVERNEMENT CONFIRME LA MISE EN CONCURRENCE DES LIGNES NANTES - BORDEAUX ET NANTES - LYON Les lignes de trains d’équilibre du territoire (TET) Nantes - Bordeaux et Nantes - Lyon sont actuellement exploitées par l’activité Intercités de SNCF Voyageurs, dans le cadre d’une convention avec l’État, autorité organisatrice (AO) des lignes TET. Cette convention, renouvelée en 2016, s’applique jusqu’à la fin de l’année 2020. Dans le cadre de l’ouverture à la concurrence des lignes ferroviaires françaises, prévue par la loi pour un nouveau pacte ferroviaire du 27 juin 2018, le gouvernement a publié le 27 janvier 2020 un avis de concession pour les lignes SNCF Nantes - Bordeaux et Nantes - Lyon. Cet avis de concession précise l’objet du futur contrat d’exploitation des lignes Nantes - Bordeaux et Nantes - Lyon, qui portera sur : - L’exploitation technique des deux liaisons ; - L’entretien courant et la maintenance des matériels roulants mis à disposition ; - La politique commerciale et tarifaire ; - La vente digitale et physique des titres de transport ; - La perception des recettes du service. Le futur exploitant pourra notamment recourir à des tiers pour la maintenance des matériels roulants et la distribution des titres de transport. La société SNCF Voyageurs, constituée le 1er janvier 2020, exploite les services de transport de voyageurs de longue distance (dont TGV INOUI, OUIGO et Intercités) et du quotidien (Transilien et TER). Elle est évidemment candidate à l’appel d’offres et répondra via une équipe dédiée au sein de l’activité Intercités.
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The Thomas More / William Tyndale Polemic: a Selection Edited, with An
The Thomas More / William Tyndale Polemic: A Selection Edited, with an introduction and notes by Matthew DeCoursey Hong Kong Institute of Education Texts Series 3, 2010 http://purl.org/emls/moretyndale.pdf © Matthew DeCoursey, 2010 Comments or corrections may be sent to [email protected] 2 CONTENTS Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 4 A Note on the Text 28 Extracts from The Obedience of a Christian Man 35 Extracts from A Dialogue Concerning Heresies 69 Extracts from An Answer to Sir Thomas More's Dialogue 115 Extracts from The Confutation of Tyndale's Answer 170 Glossary 200 Notes 212 Bibliography and Abbreviations 228 3 Most of the work for this edition was done during the term of a postdoctoral fellowship from the Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada, spent at the Catholic University of America and the Folger Shakespeare Library. I am indebted to Christina DeCoursey and Sister Anne M. O'Donnell for their advice and support. Katherine Acheson gave essential advice on the introduction. 4 Introduction From the beginning of the Reformation in 1517, philology was a crucial element of Protestant thought. Sola scriptura, “the scripture alone” was a Reformation slogan, and the nature of that scripture was defined in philological terms. Luther used Erasmus’s edition of the Greek New Testament with a revised Latin translation in an effort to reach the sources of biblical thought. When Luther understood the original languages well enough, he translated the text into German for the common reader. William Tyndale followed his example in English, laying the foundations for most of our King James Version.
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William Tyndale As an Evangelical Theologian Donald Dean Smeeton Ph.D
Volume 50 | Issue 2 Article 2 2007 William Tyndale as an Evangelical Theologian Donald Dean Smeeton Ph.D. Lee University The Christian Librarian is the official publication of the Association of Christian Librarians (ACL). To learn more about ACL and its products and services please visit http://www.acl.org/ Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/tcl Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, Library and Information Science Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Smeeton, Donald Dean Ph.D. (2007) "William Tyndale as an Evangelical Theologian," The Christian Librarian: Vol. 50 : Iss. 2 , Article 2. Available at: http://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/tcl/vol50/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ George Fox University. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Christian Librarian by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ George Fox University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. William Tyndale as an Evangelical Theologian Donald Dean Smeeton, Ph.D. William Tyndale. course, strong muscles to press inked metal and Lee University The name might be somewhat familiar, but paper together. The printed page gave access to Cleveland, Tennessee why is he important to evangelical librarians? a new world of information to millions of new readers. And it gave that access cheaply. ABSTRACT: Was he the first to translate the Bible? No, that William Tyndale is rightly honor – as least as far as Western Christianity Tyndale lived at the confluence of the remembered as a sixteenth century is concerned – belongs to Jerome, who in the Renaissance and advent of printing.
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Johann Tetzel in Order to Pay for Expanding His Authority to the Electorate of Mainz
THE IMAGE OF A FRACTURED CHURCH AT 500 YEARS CURATED BY DR. ARMIN SIEDLECKI FEB 24 - JULY 7, 2017 THE IMAGE OF A FRACTURED CHURCH AT 500 YEARS Five hundred years ago, on October 31, 1517, Martin Luther published his Ninety-Five Theses, a series of statements and proposals about the power of indulgences and the nature of repentance, forgiveness and salvation. Originally intended for academic debate, the document quickly gained popularity, garnering praise and condemnation alike, and is generally seen as the beginning of the Protestant Reformation. This exhibit presents the context of Martin Luther’s Theses, the role of indulgences in sixteenth century religious life and the use of disputations in theological education. Shown also are the early responses to Luther’s theses by both his supporters and his opponents, the impact of Luther’s Reformation, including the iconic legacy of Luther’s actions as well as current attempts by Catholics and Protestants to find common ground. Case 1: Indulgences In Catholic teaching, indulgences do not effect the forgiveness of sins but rather serve to reduce the punishment for sins that have already been forgiven. The sale of indulgences was initially intended to defray the cost of building the Basilica of St. Peter in Rome and was understood as a work of charity, because it provided monetary support for the church. Problems arose when Albert of Brandenburg – a cardinal and archbishop of Magdeburg – began selling indulgences aggressively with the help of Johann Tetzel in order to pay for expanding his authority to the Electorate of Mainz. 2 Albert of Brandenburg, Archbishop of Mainz Unused Indulgence (Leipzig: Melchior Lotter, 1515?) 1 sheet ; 30.2 x 21 cm.
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