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Our Arctic Nation a U.S
Connecting the United States to the Arctic OUR ARCTIC NATION A U.S. Arctic Council Chairmanship Initiative Cover Photo: Cover Photo: Hosting Arctic Council meetings during the U.S. Chairmanship gave the United States an opportunity to share the beauty of America’s Arctic state, Alaska—including this glacier ice cave near Juneau—with thousands of international visitors. Photo: David Lienemann, www. davidlienemann.com OUR ARCTIC NATION Connecting the United States to the Arctic A U.S. Arctic Council Chairmanship Initiative TABLE OF CONTENTS 01 Alabama . .2 14 Illinois . 32 02 Alaska . .4 15 Indiana . 34 03 Arizona. 10 16 Iowa . 36 04 Arkansas . 12 17 Kansas . 38 05 California. 14 18 Kentucky . 40 06 Colorado . 16 19 Louisiana. 42 07 Connecticut. 18 20 Maine . 44 08 Delaware . 20 21 Maryland. 46 09 District of Columbia . 22 22 Massachusetts . 48 10 Florida . 24 23 Michigan . 50 11 Georgia. 26 24 Minnesota . 52 12 Hawai‘i. 28 25 Mississippi . 54 Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska. Photo: iStock.com 13 Idaho . 30 26 Missouri . 56 27 Montana . 58 40 Rhode Island . 84 28 Nebraska . 60 41 South Carolina . 86 29 Nevada. 62 42 South Dakota . 88 30 New Hampshire . 64 43 Tennessee . 90 31 New Jersey . 66 44 Texas. 92 32 New Mexico . 68 45 Utah . 94 33 New York . 70 46 Vermont . 96 34 North Carolina . 72 47 Virginia . 98 35 North Dakota . 74 48 Washington. .100 36 Ohio . 76 49 West Virginia . .102 37 Oklahoma . 78 50 Wisconsin . .104 38 Oregon. 80 51 Wyoming. .106 39 Pennsylvania . 82 WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE AN ARCTIC NATION? oday, the Arctic region commands the world’s attention as never before. -
Of Penguins and Polar Bears Shapero Rare Books 93
OF PENGUINS AND POLAR BEARS Shapero Rare Books 93 OF PENGUINS AND POLAR BEARS EXPLORATION AT THE ENDS OF THE EARTH 32 Saint George Street London W1S 2EA +44 20 7493 0876 [email protected] shapero.com CONTENTS Antarctica 03 The Arctic 43 2 Shapero Rare Books ANTARCTIca Shapero Rare Books 3 1. AMUNDSEN, ROALD. The South Pole. An account of “Amundsen’s legendary dash to the Pole, which he reached the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition in the “Fram”, 1910-1912. before Scott’s ill-fated expedition by over a month. His John Murray, London, 1912. success over Scott was due to his highly disciplined dogsled teams, more accomplished skiers, a shorter distance to the A CORNERSTONE OF ANTARCTIC EXPLORATION; THE ACCOUNT OF THE Pole, better clothing and equipment, well planned supply FIRST EXPEDITION TO REACH THE SOUTH POLE. depots on the way, fortunate weather, and a modicum of luck”(Books on Ice). A handsomely produced book containing ten full-page photographic images not found in the Norwegian original, First English edition. 2 volumes, 8vo., xxxv, [i], 392; x, 449pp., 3 folding maps, folding plan, 138 photographic illustrations on 103 plates, original maroon and all full-page images being reproduced to a higher cloth gilt, vignettes to upper covers, top edges gilt, others uncut, usual fading standard. to spine flags, an excellent fresh example. Taurus 71; Rosove 9.A1; Books on Ice 7.1. £3,750 [ref: 96754] 4 Shapero Rare Books 2. [BELGIAN ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION]. Grande 3. BELLINGSHAUSEN, FABIAN G. VON. The Voyage of Fete Venitienne au Parc de 6 a 11 heurs du soir en faveur de Captain Bellingshausen to the Antarctic Seas 1819-1821. -
Chapter 5. Evelyn Briggs Baldwin and Operti Bay21
48 Chapter 5. Evelyn Briggs Baldwin and Operti Bay21 Amanda Lockerby Abstract During the second Wellman polar expedition, to Franz Josef Land in 1898, Wellman’s second- in-command, Evelyn Briggs Baldwin, gave the waters south of Cape Heller on the northwest of Wilczek Land the name ‘Operti Bay.’ Proof of this is found in Baldwin’s journal around the time of 16 September 1898. Current research indicates that Operti Bay was named after an Italian artist, Albert Operti. Operti’s membership in a New York City masonic fraternity named Kane Lodge, as well as correspondence between Baldwin and Rudolf Kersting, confirm that Baldwin and Operti engaged in a friendly relationship that resulted in the naming of the bay. Keywords Franz Josef Land, historic place names, historical geography, Evelyn Briggs Baldwin, Walter Wellman, Albert Operti, Operti Bay, polar exploration, Oslo NSF workshop DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/5.3582 Background Albert Operti was born in Turin Italy and educated in Ireland and Scotland and graduated from the Portsmouth Naval School before entering the British Marine Service. He soon returned to school to study art (see Freemasons, n.d.). He came to the United States where he served as a correspondent for the New York Herald in the 1890s who accompanied Robert Peary on two expeditions to Greenland. Artwork Operti was known for his depictions of the Arctic which included scenes from the history of exploration and the ships used in this exploration in the 19th century. He painted scenes from the search for Sir John Franklin, including one of the Royal Navy vessels Erebus and Terror under sail, as well as the abandonment of the American vessel Advance during Elisha Kent Kane’s Second Grinnell expedition. -
Let Me Just Add That While the Piece in Newsweek Is Extremely Annoying
From: Michael Oppenheimer To: Eric Steig; Stephen H Schneider Cc: Gabi Hegerl; Mark B Boslough; [email protected]; Thomas Crowley; Dr. Krishna AchutaRao; Myles Allen; Natalia Andronova; Tim C Atkinson; Rick Anthes; Caspar Ammann; David C. Bader; Tim Barnett; Eric Barron; Graham" "Bench; Pat Berge; George Boer; Celine J. W. Bonfils; James A." "Bono; James Boyle; Ray Bradley; Robin Bravender; Keith Briffa; Wolfgang Brueggemann; Lisa Butler; Ken Caldeira; Peter Caldwell; Dan Cayan; Peter U. Clark; Amy Clement; Nancy Cole; William Collins; Tina Conrad; Curtis Covey; birte dar; Davies Trevor Prof; Jay Davis; Tomas Diaz De La Rubia; Andrew Dessler; Michael" "Dettinger; Phil Duffy; Paul J." "Ehlenbach; Kerry Emanuel; James Estes; Veronika" "Eyring; David Fahey; Chris Field; Peter Foukal; Melissa Free; Julio Friedmann; Bill Fulkerson; Inez Fung; Jeff Garberson; PETER GENT; Nathan Gillett; peter gleckler; Bill Goldstein; Hal Graboske; Tom Guilderson; Leopold Haimberger; Alex Hall; James Hansen; harvey; Klaus Hasselmann; Susan Joy Hassol; Isaac Held; Bob Hirschfeld; Jeremy Hobbs; Dr. Elisabeth A. Holland; Greg Holland; Brian Hoskins; mhughes; James Hurrell; Ken Jackson; c jakob; Gardar Johannesson; Philip D. Jones; Helen Kang; Thomas R Karl; David Karoly; Jeffrey Kiehl; Steve Klein; Knutti Reto; John Lanzante; [email protected]; Ron Lehman; John lewis; Steven A. "Lloyd (GSFC-610.2)[R S INFORMATION SYSTEMS INC]"; Jane Long; Janice Lough; mann; [email protected]; Linda Mearns; carl mears; Jerry Meehl; Jerry Melillo; George Miller; Norman Miller; Art Mirin; John FB" "Mitchell; Phil Mote; Neville Nicholls; Gerald R. North; Astrid E.J. Ogilvie; Stephanie Ohshita; Tim Osborn; Stu" "Ostro; j palutikof; Joyce Penner; Thomas C Peterson; Tom Phillips; David Pierce; [email protected]; V. -
Predicting Storm-Triggered Landslides
PREDICTING STORM-TRIGGERED LANDSLIDES BY DIANDONG REN , RONG FU, LANCE M. LES L IE , AND ROBE R T E. DICKINSON An advanced numerical modeling system projects rain-triggered landslides in a warming climate. ith the continued growth and expansion et al. 2009; Stone 2009) demonstrate how increasing of the human population, rain-triggered populations in high-risk settings have enhanced the W shallow landslides often result in loss of life threat of this ubiquitous and costly natural hazard and significant economic cost. From an ecological and accordingly have increased the urgency to viewpoint, landslides are an important factor in de- develop and install effective early prediction and sertification over mountainous regions, because they warning systems. are an effective means of transferring biomass from Landslides are movements of the Earth’s surface, live to dead respiring pools. Fatalities from landslides illustrating many of the interconnected processes that that followed the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (Ren influence landscape stability (Bhandari 1988; Dietrich and Perron 2006; van Asch et al. 2007). In principle, any factors assisting gravitational stress overcoming AFFILIATIONS: REN *—Department of Geological Sciences, The resistive strength of the slope material can trigger University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas; FU AND DICKENSON — landslides. For example, increased surface loading Department of Geological Sciences, The University of Texas at by trees, hailstorms, reduced material strength by Austin, Austin, Texas; LES L IE —School of Meteorology, College of elevated water content or intense frictional heating, Atmospheric and Geographic Sciences, University of Oklahoma, and even Perseid meteor showers all contribute to Norman, Oklahoma, and Australian Sustainable Development slope instability. -
What Lies Beneath 2 FOREWORD
2018 RELEASE THE UNDERSTATEMENT OF EXISTENTIAL CLIMATE RISK BY DAVID SPRATT & IAN DUNLOP | FOREWORD BY HANS JOACHIM SCHELLNHUBER BREAKTHROUGHONLINE.ORG.AU Published by Breakthrough, National Centre for Climate Restoration, Melbourne, Australia. First published September 2017. Revised and updated August 2018. CONTENTS FOREWORD 02 INTRODUCTION 04 RISK UNDERSTATEMENT EXCESSIVE CAUTION 08 THINKING THE UNTHINKABLE 09 THE UNDERESTIMATION OF RISK 10 EXISTENTIAL RISK TO HUMAN CIVILISATION 13 PUBLIC SECTOR DUTY OF CARE ON CLIMATE RISK 15 SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTATEMENT CLIMATE MODELS 18 TIPPING POINTS 21 CLIMATE SENSITIVITY 22 CARBON BUDGETS 24 PERMAFROST AND THE CARBON CYCLE 25 ARCTIC SEA ICE 27 POLAR ICE-MASS LOSS 28 SEA-LEVEL RISE 30 POLITICAL UNDERSTATEMENT POLITICISATION 34 GOALS ABANDONED 36 A FAILURE OF IMAGINATION 38 ADDRESSING EXISTENTIAL CLIMATE RISK 39 SUMMARY 40 What Lies Beneath 2 FOREWORD What Lies Beneath is an important report. It does not deliver new facts and figures, but instead provides a new perspective on the existential risks associated with anthropogenic global warming. It is the critical overview of well-informed intellectuals who sit outside the climate-science community which has developed over the last fifty years. All such expert communities are prone to what the French call deformation professionelle and the German betriebsblindheit. Expressed in plain English, experts tend to establish a peer world-view which becomes ever more rigid and focussed. Yet the crucial insights regarding the issue in question may lurk at the fringes, as BY HANS JOACHIM SCHELLNHUBER this report suggests. This is particularly true when Hans Joachim Schellnhuber is a professor of theoretical the issue is the very survival of our civilisation, physics specialising in complex systems and nonlinearity, where conventional means of analysis may become founding director of the Potsdam Institute for Climate useless. -
North American Climate in CMIP5 Experiments. Part I: Evaluation Of
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of 2013 North American Climate in CMIP5 Experiments. Part I: Evaluation of Historical Simulations of Continental and Regional Climatology Justin Sheffield Princeton University, [email protected] Andrew P. Barrett University of Colorado Boulder Brian Colle State University of New York D. Nelun Fernando University Corporation forAtmospheric Research Rong Fu The University of Texas at Austin See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/geosciencefacpub Sheffield, Justin; Barrett, Andrew P.; Colle, Brian; Fernando, D. Nelun; Fu, Rong; Geil, Kerrie L.; Hu, Q. Steven; Kinter, Jim; Kumar, Sanjiv; Langenbrunner, Baird; Lombardo, Kelly; Long, Lindsey N.; Maloney, Eric; Mariotti, Annarita; Meyerson, Joyce E.; Mo, Kingtse C.; Neelin, J. David; Nigam, Sumant; Pan, Zaitao; Ren, Tong; Ruiz-Barradas, Alfredo; Serra, Yolande; Seth, Anji; Thibeault, Jeanne M.; Stroeve, Julienne C.; Yang, Ze; and Yin, Lei, "North American Climate in CMIP5 Experiments. Part I: Evaluation of Historical Simulations of Continental and Regional Climatology" (2013). Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. 398. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/geosciencefacpub/398 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Authors Justin Sheffield, Andrew P. Barrett, Brian Colle, D. Nelun Fernando, Rong Fu, Kerrie L. Geil, Q. Steven Hu, Jim Kinter, Sanjiv Kumar, Baird Langenbrunner, Kelly Lombardo, Lindsey N. -
Representations of Antarctic Exploration by Lesser Known Heroic Era Photographers
Filtering ‘ways of seeing’ through their lenses: representations of Antarctic exploration by lesser known Heroic Era photographers. Patricia Margaret Millar B.A. (1972), B.Ed. (Hons) (1999), Ph.D. (Ed.) (2005), B.Ant.Stud. (Hons) (2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science – Social Sciences. University of Tasmania 2013 This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for a degree or diploma by the University or any other institution, except by way of background information and duly acknowledged in the thesis, and to the best of my knowledge and belief no material previously published or written by another person except where due acknowledgement is made in the text of the thesis. ………………………………….. ………………….. Patricia Margaret Millar Date This thesis may be made available for loan and limited copying in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968. ………………………………….. ………………….. Patricia Margaret Millar Date ii Abstract Photographers made a major contribution to the recording of the Heroic Era of Antarctic exploration. By far the best known photographers were the professionals, Herbert Ponting and Frank Hurley, hired to photograph British and Australasian expeditions. But a great number of photographs were also taken on Belgian, German, Swedish, French, Norwegian and Japanese expeditions. These were taken by amateurs, sometimes designated official photographers, often scientists recording their research. Apart from a few Pole-reaching images from the Norwegian expedition, these lesser known expedition photographers and their work seldom feature in the scholarly literature on the Heroic Era, but they, too, have their importance. They played a vital role in the growing understanding and advancement of Antarctic science; they provided visual evidence of their nation’s determination to penetrate the polar unknown; and they played a formative role in public perceptions of Antarctic geopolitics. -
Decadal Variation of Rainfall Seasonality in the North American Monsoon Region and Its Potential Causes Paola A
Science and Technology Infusion Climate Bulletin NOAA’s National Weather Service 36th NOAA Annual Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshop Fort Worth, TX, 3-6 October 2011 Decadal Variation of Rainfall Seasonality in the North American Monsoon Region and Its Potential Causes Paola A. Arias1, 2, Kingtse C. Mo3, and Rong Fu1 1Department of Geological Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin 2Grupo de Ingeniería y Gestión Ambiental (GIGA), Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia 3Climate Prediction Center, NCEP/NWS/NOAA 1. Introduction The North American Monsoon System (NAMS) produces most of the annual rainfall over the southwestern (SW) United States (US) and Mexico (Douglas et al. 1993; Stensrud et al. 1995). Previous studies have suggested that the interannual variation of the NAMS is mainly controlled by the El Niño- Southern Oscillation (ENSO), whereas its decadal variability can be linked to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) (Higgins and Shi 2000; Castro et al. 2001, 2007, Grantz et al. 2007), the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO) and the Arctic Oscillation (AO, e.g., Hu and Feng 2008, 2010). These studies have been focused on variability of its onset and rainfall amount, whereas variability of its retreat has received much less attention. This study aims to identify whether seasonality and strength of the NAMS have changed during the period 1948-2009. If so, what causes such a change? A recent study of Li et al. (2011) has shown a westward expansion of the North Atlantic Subtropical High (NASH) since late 1970s during the summer season (June- August). This change has increased rainfall variability over southeast US. -
YALE Environmental NEWS
yale environmental NEWS Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, and Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies fall/winter 2009–2010 · vol. 15, no. 1 Peabody Curator Awarded MacArthur “Genius” Grant page 12 KROON HALL RECEIVES DESIGN AWARDS Kroon Hall, the Yale School of Foresty & Environmental Studies’ new ultra- green home, captured two awards this fall for “compelling” design from the American Institute of Architects. “The way the building performs is essential contrast with the brownstone and maroon moment a visitor enters the building at ground to this beautiful, cathedral-like structure,” the brick of other Science Hill buildings. Glass level, the long open stairway carries the eye up jurors noted. “Part of its performance is the facades on the building’s eastern and western toward the high barrel-vaulted ceiling and the creation of a destination on the campus. The ends are covered by Douglas fi r louvers, which big window high up on the third fl oor, with its long walls of its idiosyncratic, barn-like form are positioned to defl ect unwanted heat and view into Sachem’s Wood. defi ne this compelling building.” glare. The building’s tall, thin shape, combined Opened in January 2009, the 58,200- Designed by Hopkins Architects of Great with the glass facades, enables daylight to pro- square-foot Kroon Hall is designed to use Britain, in partnership with Connecticut-based vide much of the interior’s illumination. And 50% less energy and emit 62% less carbon Centerbrook Architects and Planners, the the rounded line of the standing seam metal dioxide than a comparably sized modern aca- $33.5 million Kroon Hall received an Honor roof echoes the rolling whaleback roofl ine of demic building. -
The Radiative Effect of Aerosols from Biomass Burning on the Transition from Dry to Wet Season Over the Amazon As Tested by a Regional Climate Model
THE RADIATIVE EFFECT OF AEROSOLS FROM BIOMASS BURNING ON THE TRANSITION FROM DRY TO WET SEASON OVER THE AMAZON AS TESTED BY A REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL A Thesis Presented to The Academic Faculty by Yan Zhang In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology December, 2008 THE RADIATIVE EFFECT OF AEROSOLS FROM BIOMASS BURNING ON THE TRANSITION FROM DRY TO WET SEASON OVER THE AMAZON AS TESTED BY A REGIONAL CLIMATE MODEL Approved by: Dr. Rong Fu, Advisor Dr. Athanasios Nenes School of Earth and Atmospheric School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Robert E. Dickinson Dr. Hongbin Yu School of Earth and Atmospheric Goddard Earth Science and Sciences Technology Center Georgia Institute of Technology University of Maryland Baltimore County Dr. Peter Webster School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Date Approved: July 28, 2008 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I acknowledge the immeasurable contribution of Prof. Rong Fu to this study and to my graduate experience. I express appreciation for the help of Prof. Robert Dickinson regarding the land model. This dissertation would be impossible without their continuous encouragement and support. I am grateful for the support, help and discussions with Drs. Hongbin Yu (University of Maryland Baltimore County and NASA GSFC) and Robinson Negron Juarez (Tulent University). I thank Profs. Robert Dickinson, Peter Webster, Thanos Nenes, and Dr. Hongbin Yu for reading this thesis and providing valuable feedback. Finally, my graduate studies would not be nearly as enjoyable without the encouragement and help from with my current and past group members Drs. -
Atmospheric Circulation Newsletter of the University of Washington Atmospheric Sciences Department
Autumn 2017 Atmospheric Circulation Newsletter of the University of Washington Atmospheric Sciences Department Studying the effects of Southern African biomass burning on clouds and climate: The ORACLES mission by Professor Robert Wood, Michael Diamond, & Sarah Doherty iny aerosol particles, emitted by Fires, mainly associated with dry season Teverything from tailpipes to trees, float agricultural burning on African savannas, above us reflecting sunlight, seeding clouds and generate smoke, a chemical soup that absorbing solar heat. How exactly this happens includes a large quantity of tiny aerosol – and how it might change in the future particles. This smoke rises high in – is one of the biggest uncertainties the atmosphere driven by strong in how humans are influencing surface heating and then is climate. blown west off the coast; it In September 2016, three then subsides down toward University of Washington the cloud layer over the scientists took part in a southeastern Atlantic large NASA field campaign, Ocean. The interaction Observations of Aerosols between air moisture and Above Clouds and their smoke pollution is complex Interactions, or ORACLES, and not well understood. that is flying research planes Southern Africa produces around clouds off the west coast almost a third of the Earth’s of southern Africa to see how smoke biomass burning aerosol particles, particles and clouds interact. yet the fate of these particles and their ORACLES is a five year program, with influence on regional and global climate is three month-long aircraft field studies, and is poorly represented in climate models. led by Dr. Jens Redemann from NASA Ames The ORACLES experiment is providing Research Center in California.