The Colorado River Running INSIDE: Dry Supreme Court Game Changers
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EXPANDING THE ROLE OF NURSES PAGE 30 September 2013 THE COLORADO RIVER Running INSIDE: Dry Supreme Court Game Changers Hospital Charges Uncovered Clerks & Secretaries Celebrate 70 Years MADE IN AMERICA Nuclear Energy Produces Thousands of Jobs How can we generate more How can we generate more low-carbon electricity that is affordable low-carbon electricity that is affordable while creating more American jobs? while creating more American jobs? Reliable nuclear power plants in 31 states supply one-fifth of America’s Reliable nuclear power plants in 31 states supply one-fifth of America’s electricity. The nuclear energy industry plays an important role in job electricity. The nuclear energy industry plays an important role in job creation and economic growth, providing both near-term and career- creation and economic growth, providing both near-term and career- long employment. long employment. Worldwide, more than 200 nuclear energy projects are in the licensing Worldwide, more than 200 nuclear energy projects are in the licensing and advanced planning stage, with 63 reactors under construction. Nuclear. Clean Air Energy. and advanced planning stage, with 63 reactors under construction. Nuclear. Clean Air Energy. This means more demand for U.S. nuclear energy expertise and This means more demand for U.S. nuclear energy expertise and components for the $740 billion global market over the next 10 years. components for the $740 billion global market over the next 10 years. With demand for electricity also growing here in the United States, With demand for electricity also growing here in the United States, the nuclear energy industry will create tens of thousands of jobs for the nuclear energy industry will create tens of thousands of jobs for American workers while providing global customers with the safest American workers while providing global customers with the safest technology in the marketplace. nei.org/jobs technology in the marketplace. nei.org/jobs CLIENT: NEI (Nuclear Energy Institute) PUB: NCSL St. Legislatures RUN DATE: Sept 1, 2013 CLIENTSIZE: 8.5”: NEI x 10.875”(Nuclear (trimEnergy size), Institute) 0.125 (bleed) PUBVER.:: NCSLJobs AdSt. -Legislatures Full Page RUN4CP: DATE: Sept 1, 2013 SIZE: 8.5” x 10.875” (trim size), 0.125 (bleed) VER.: Jobs Ad - Full Page 4CP: SEPTEMBER 2013 VOL 39 NO 8 | CONTENTS STATE LEGISLATURES NCSL’s national magazine of policy and politics SEPTEMBER 2013 FEATURES 12 Q&A WHY NCSL? 22 PILLARS OF THE STATEHOUSE Perspectives from three NCSL officers By Angela Andrews Legislative clerks and secretaries enforce the rules, 14 RUNNING DRY record proceedings, and this year, celebrate the 70th By Scott Hendrick and Larry Morandi anniversary of their professional staff network. The arid West searches for ways to save the Colorado River, an over-tapped, endangered national 28 UNCOVERING HOSPITAL CHARGES treasure that helps feed the entire country. By Richard Cauchi and Holly Valverde Hospitals are reporting their rates for various 20 GAME CHANGERS procedures to satisfy demand for more transparency By David Savage in health care costs. Some high-profile Supreme Court cases this term chart a new course for gay rights and voting 30 RX FOR DOCTOR SHORTAGE? practices. By Kara Nett Hinkley Expanding nurses’ range of duties is one way to address our nation’s shortage of doctors. STATE LEGISLATURES A National CONFERENCE OF State | Legislatures PUBLICATION 4 CONTENTS Executive Director William T. Pound Editor DEPARTMENTS SL ONLINE Karen Hansen Managing Editor 5 STATESTATS 10 STATELINE VISIT WWW.NCSL.ORG/MAGAZINE Julie Lays Higher education News from around the nation— THIS MONTH TO: Assistant Editor Mary Winter from wind farms in Iowa to horse ◆ Search NCSL’s resources on Web Editor water rights. Edward P. Smith 6 PEOPLE & POLITICS tripping in Oregon Copy Editor Insight into what’s happening Leann Stelzer ◆ Find a summary of all drowsy under the domes 32 FOR THE RECORD Contributors driving laws. Julie Bell Q & A with Hank Brown— Pam Greenberg Scott Hendrick Anne Tiegen 7 TRENDS & TRANSITIONS former state and federal ◆ Link to an interactive map of Amy Winterfeld Weed laws, shark fins, drowsy lawmaker and university state databases of health care Art Director Bruce Holdeman driving and suicides president—on higher education charges. Advertising Sales Manager LeAnn Hoff (303) 364-7700 ◆ Access NCSL’s scope of .................................... 35 AS THEY SEE IT practice legislative tracking NCSL OFFICERS President Quotes and cartoons from around database. Representative Terie Norelli, New Hampshire the states President Elect Senator Bruce Starr, Oregon THEN & NOW Vice President Senator Debbie Smith, Nevada Staff Chair 25 YEARS AGO DID YOU KNOW … WHOSE CAPITOL IS IT? Patsy Spaw, Texas Staff Vice Chair Tom Wright, Alaska Immediate Past President Senator Stephen Morris, Kansas Immediate Past Staff Chair Michael Adams, Virginia .................................... Denver Office 7700 East First Place Denver, Colorado 80230 (303) 364-7700 Washington, D.C. Office 444 North Capitol Street, N.W. Suite 515 Washington, D.C. 20001 (202) 624-5400 Website www.ncsl.org/magazine .................................... Articles from the State Legislatures (ISSN 0147- The Maryland Statehouse in Annapolis 0641), the national magazine of September 1988 issue of policy and politics, is published is the oldest capitol still in legislative monthly by the National Conference of State Legislatures STATE LEGISLATURES use, dating back to 1772. It is the only except July/August and October/ statehouse that has also served as the November, which are combined. THE TAX REVOLT 10 YEARS LATER Postmaster: Send address nation’s capitol and has hosted some changes to: State Legislatures, Some experts believe the Tax Revolt 7700 East First Place, Denver, significant events in U.S. history. Most CO 80230. is over. But reports of its death may be notably, George Washington appeared 70% premature. The legacy of the Tax Revolt © 2013, All Rights Reserved. before Congress here in December 1783 is still affecting state and local govern- Opinions expressed in this to resign as commander-in-chief of the magazine do not necessarily 60 ments in some important ways. reflect NCSL policy. Continental Army. The event served Go to www.ncsl.org/bookstore/ to 50 BANK WARS as inspiration for the 1859 painting subscribe. Annual rates: U.S.—$49; foreign—$55; teachers—$25 Proposals to grant banks new powers by Edwin White titled “Washington (promo code SLMTEA). Single remain controversial. Securities, insur- Resigning His Commission,” which copy: $6.50. 40 ance and real estate firms oppose banks hangs above the landing of the main Letters to the editor and requests for permission to reprint may entering their markets. staircase. Just weeks after Washington’s be mailed to Julie Lays in the 30 Denver office or e-mailed to resignation, Congress met at the her at: [email protected]. WHEN AN ISSUE IS THE ISSUE, DOES THE To find out, go to: www.ncsl.org/magazine Maryland Statehouse on Jan. 14, 1784, to Send subscriptions and changes 20 MONEY MATTER? of address to the Marketing ratify the Treaty of Paris, finally putting Department in Denver. Referenda and initiatives—the people’s an end to the American Revolution. Periodically, NCSL rents mailing 0 avenue to lawmaking—have come out labels to other organizations. If you prefer your name not be included winners in the past 10 years. But today please send a written request. the battleground has shifted to disclosure —“Fifty State Capitols” by Jim Stembridge and “A Celebration of State Capitols” by Richard State Legislatures is indexed in requirements, and states are holding the PAIS Bulletin and Expanded R. Gibson. Academic Index. It is also their own. available in microform and electronically through University Microfilms Inc. (UMI) at (800) 521-0600. STATESTATS | 5 A Higher (Ed) Priority By the ompared to the rest of the world, the United States has a high proportion of college-educated citizens. Stacked Numbers up against other developed countries, however, the nation is losing ground. Young adults in nations such as Korea and Japan are pursuing higher academic degrees more aggressively than their U.S. counterparts. 5.6 million The United States ranks 14th in the world in the percentage of 25- to-34-year-olds with college-level Americans with a high school degrees (42 percent). U.S. leaders from all walks are sounding the alarm: Unless more young Americans education or less who lost jobs embrace the college track, political and economic decline is likely. They drive home the point with num- during the Great Recession Cbers: 88 percent of 23- and 24-year-olds with college degrees in America were employed during the peak of the Great Recession, while only 65 percent of those with only a high school diploma had a job. 187,000 The benefits of higher education go beyond economics, according to the Lumina Foundation for Education, in its Growth in jobs for Americans 2013 report, “A Stronger Nation Through Higher Education.” Increased college attainment “also helps us address with bachelor’s degrees during social inequities and improve society,” writes Jamie P. Merisotis, president and CEO of the foundation, who believes the Great Recession that by 2025, 60 percent of Americans should hold college degrees. 230,000 Decline since January 2010 Higher Aspirations in jobs requiring high school education 65% Percentage of U.S. jobs that will require some kind of post- secondary education by 2020 54.7% Percentage of people in Washington-Arlington- Alexandria, D.C., with college degrees, the highest of all U.S. metropolitan areas D.C. More than 35% have bachelor’s degree or more P.R. 65% ■ V.I. ■ 30% to 34.9% have bachelor’s degree or more Percentage of Koreans ages ■ 25% to 29.9% have bachelor’s degree or more 25 to 34 with higher education ■ Less than 24.9% have bachelor’s degree or more degrees 42% A Worldview Percentage of Americans ages Percentage of population in 20 countries with higher education degrees, in two age groups, 2010.