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Naturally Occurring Protein Toxin B. N. Seal Journal of Science Volume VIII Issue 1 September 2016 Editor-in-Chief Dr. Prabir Banerjee Department of Physics, ABN Seal College Editorial Board Dr. Asis Kumar Pandit , Department of Physiology, ABN Seal College Dr. Ramkrishna Pramanik , Department of Chemistry, ABN Seal College Dr. Srijit Das , Department of Chemistry, ABN Seal College Shri Hemen Biswas , Department of Zoology, ABN Seal College Dr. Lakshmi Narayan De , Department of Mathematics, ABN Seal College Dr. Anirban Roy , Department of Geography, ABN Seal College Dr. Aninda Mandal , Department of Botany, ABN Seal College Shri Prem Rajak , Department of Zoology, ABN Seal College Chief Advisor Prof. Nimai Chandra Saha Director of Public Instructions Government of West Bengal Advisory Board Prof. Syamal Roy Vice-Chancellor, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University Cooch Behar, West Bengal Dr. Bimal Kumar Saha Officer-in-Charge, ABN Seal College Cooch Behar, West Bengal Prof. Ashim Kumar Chakraborty Retd. Professor, Department of Zoology, North Bengal University Dr. Willie Henry P G Department of Zoology, ABN Seal College Cooch Behar, West Bengal All correspondences regarding the publication should be made to the Editor-in-Chief, B. N. Seal journal of Science From the Editor’s Desk……… It gives great pleasure that the current issue (Vol. VIII) of the B N Seal Journal of Science is published as usual before the Annual Day Celebration of the College. The present volume brings together a number of original and informative research/review articles of very high quality, which address the current global scenario. The topics encompass practically all disciplines of Science and also interdisciplinary subjects, intimately linked together. I hope that the current issue of this journal has not failed to live up to the expectation, reputation and excellent academic standards set up by the preceding volumes. The readers will definitely find it stimulating, inspiring and thought-provoking. I would like to thank all the contributors for their scholarship and research acumen. Thanks are due to the entire editorial team for their hard work and support, contribution in critically reviewing the articles and preparation of this issue of the B N Seal Journal of Science. It is worthwhile to acknowledge the help and support rendered by The Publication & Published Material Distribution Cell of this College for bringing out this issue of the Journal on time. I would also like to thank everybody who has contributed in any way, however great or small. It may please be noted that the paper by Bhaskar Das and others was not included in the hard copy of this Journal due to some inadvertent technical mistake. I thoroughly apologise for this. This has been included in this electronic version. I am immensely grateful to Dr. Bimal Kumar Saha, Officer-in-Charge of this College, for his patronage, support and enthusiasm. Prabir Banerjee (Editor-in-Chief) B. N. Journal of Science Sl. Volume VIII Issue I September 2016 No. Contents 1 Recent Advances in Lab-On-a-Chip [LOC] Impedimetric Biosensors Integrated with Digital Microfluidic System Subhadip Chakraborty, Anupam Karmakar and Sanatan Chattopadhyay 1-11 2 Partially Polarized Fractional Quantum Hall Effect Biplab Kumar Mandal and Dwipesh Majumder 12-16 3 Note on Some Classes of Generalized Continuous Functions Piyali Mallick and Lakshmi Narayan De 17-21 4 Effect of Selective Atomic Substitution on the Magnetic Field Induced Strain and Entropy Change in Ni 51 Mn 35 In 14 Alloys Rahul Das 22-28 5 Monometallic Chromium (II) Complex of 2 -[2 -(Pyridylamino) Phenylazo] Pyridine with a Singlet Ground State (S=0) and Its Manganese (III) Congener. Synthesis and NMR Studies Srijit Das 29-34 6 Photophysical Property Monitored by Solvent Environment for NNO Coordinating Tridentate Ligand Amar Hens 35 -38 7 Solvent-Solvent Interactions in Ethanol-Octanol Binary Solvent Mixtures: A Study of Surface Tension and Fluorescence Anisotropy Ramkrishna Pramanik 39 -44 8 Key Players of Innate Immunity in Drosophila melanogaster Prem Rajak, Saurabh Sarkar, Arnab Roy and Sumedha Roy 45-53 9 Genetic Etiology of Biological Ageing Satadal Adhikary 54-60 10 Diversity of Entomofauna amidst an Urban Green Patch: A Study in Cooch Behar Satadal Adhikary, Rachita Saha, Alolika Bose, Poulami Sarkar, Pinki Paul 61-69 11 Vanadium Inhibits Early DNA Damage and Premalignant Lesions in a Rodent Model of Experimental Hepatocarcinogenesis Tridib Chakraborty 70-76 12 Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Brief Mini Review on Current Updates Tuhin Suvro Banerjee and Asis Kumar P andit 77 -88 13 Study on the Trees of Euphorbiaceae s.l. in Cooch Behar District, West Bengal, India Rajendra Prasad De 89-92 14 Naturally Occurring Protein Toxin –“Friends or Foes”-A Multidimensional Analysis Liebig Ranjan Debnath and Debojyoti Dutta 93-106 15 An Approach to Overcome the Total Synthesis of Heliannuol-A Nilay Kumar Maitra and Prabir K. Sen 107-113 16 Ascorbic Acid Promoted Metal Free Borylation of Aromatic Diazonium Salts under Room Temperature Debasish Kundu and Totan Roy 114-117 17 Emergent Universe Models with Bulk Viscosity Partha Sarathi Debnath 118 -123 18 Insects in Human Welfares and Benedictions: As Food and Medicine Suppliers Hemen Biswas 124-132 19 Mechanical and Chemical Approaches to fabricate luminescent Silicon Nanoparticles Bhaskar Das, Syed Minhaz Hossain and Mallar Ray 133-138 B.N. Seal Journal of Science; Volume: VIII; Issue No. 1; September, 2016 Recent Advances in Lab-On-a-Chip [LOC] Impedimetric Biosensors Integrated with Digital Microfluidic System Subhadip Chakraborty, Anupam Karmakar and Sanatan Chattopadhyay * Department of Electronic Science, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata- 700009, India *Communicating author: [email protected] Abstract This review represents an overview on the recent progress and developments of biological sensors with an emphasis on impedimetric sensing at micro-scale. The design issue of a bio-impedance based micro-scale biosensor includes a couple of schemes with two and three electrodes. Photolithography is also introduced as a leading technique to fabricate such structures. Quantitative and qualitative estimation of bio-constituents including carbohydrates and proteins can be performed using such micro-scale biosensors. Detection of specific bacterial species and their immobilisation schemes on microelectrodes have been extensively demonstrated. Basic aspects and features of the digital micro-fluidics have been discussed as a superior strategy towards improved bio sensing techniques. Impedance based measurement schemes relevant to several detection techniques have also been discussed in this work. Key words: Biosensors; lab-on-a-chip; photolithography; specific samples; digital microfluidics; impedance spectroscopy Publication History: Received: 10 th August, 2016; Accepted: 19 th August, 2016 Introduction The development of biological sensors has attracted enormous attention among the global research community since last several decades. It has emerged as the potential domain of research for both the academic and industrial world. Biosensors are the group of analytical devices that enable the analysis of biological components present in a specimen under test. It detects and converts a biological event into a detectable signal by the sequential operation of a receptor, transducer and detector. By incorporating a bio-material in intimate contact with an appropriate transducer, it recognizes the concentration or activity of specific bio- or chemical species in the sample under investigation. The domain is truly multidisciplinary in nature encompassing several fields of electronic engineering, biology, physics, chemistry and materials science. Modern medical diagnosis system has been revolutionized by the routine usage of different types of electronic gadgets dedicated to measure bio- system parameters. A striking progress in terms of accuracy and consequently target oriented treatment has been witnessed in recent time which is undoubtedly attributed to the development and implementation of such modern biomedical tools [Fraden 2004; Wilson 2004]. In biological systems, the species specific activities or reactions under investigation usually generate either a detectable current, potential or charge accumulation or measurably alter the conductive properties of a medium between the electrodes. There are several detection techniques to sense the outcome of a specific electrochemical reaction that is generally used in biosensors including potentiometry, amperometry, voltammetry, impedimetry and optical detection techniques. Potentiometry measures the potential difference between a working electrode and the reference electrode depending upon the concentration-related behavior. In amperometry technique, the output signal of the device is correlated with the concentration of target compounds by applying a voltage between the working electrode and a reference electrode. The transducer employed in the potentiometric technique is usually a gas-sensing electrode or an ion-selective electrode. Voltammetry is the most adapted technique in electrochemical analysis. Both the current and the potential are measured. The position of peak current is correlated with the specific chemical and the peak current density is a function of ISSN: 0975-5624 Page 1 B.N. Seal Journal of Science; Volume: VIII; Issue No. 1; September, 2016 concentration of the corresponding species or the compositional gradient of any particular bio- molecule [Arslan et al 2011; Gao
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