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Tidskrift För Litteraturvetenskap 2013:2 TIDSKRIFT FÖR LITTERATURVETENSKAP 2013:2 KORTPROSA TIDSKRIFT FÖR LITTERATURVETENSKAP REDAKTÖRER Maria Andersson (ansv. utg.) & Per Anders Wiktorsson TEMAANSVARIG Per Anders Wiktorsson REDAKTION Hedvig Härnsten (prenumerationsansvarig), Erik van Ooijen, Adam Wickberg Månsson (recensionsansvarig), Lydia Wistisen (kassör), Magnus Öhrn REDAKTIONSRÅD Redaktionsråd: Claes Ahlund (Åbo), Åsa Arping (Göteborg), Carin Franzén (Linköping), Paula Henrikson (Uppsala), Eva Hættner Aurelius (Lund), Roland Lysell (Stockholm), Mats Malm (Göteborg), Anders Mortensen (Lund), Daniel Möller (Lund), Anders Olsson (Stockholm), Margareta Petersson (Växjö), Torsten Pettersson (Uppsala), Rikard Schönström (Lund), Boel Westin (Stockholm), Anders Öhman (Umeå) ADRESS Tidskrift för litteraturvetenskap, Institutionen för litteraturvetenskap och idéhistoria, Stockholms universitet, 106 91 Stockholm Hemsida: http://www.littide.su.se/forskning/tidskrift-for-litteraturvetenskap e-post: [email protected] TFL på internet: http://ojs.ub.gu.se Tidskriften stöds av Vetenskapsrådet Tidskriften ges ut av Föreningen för utgivandet av Tidskrift för litteraturvetenskap, Lund. Medlemskap i föreningen kan erhållas mot en avgift av 10 kr. Omslag, grafisk form & sättning: Richard Lindmark Tryck: Munkreklam AB, Munkedal ISSN: 1104-0556 TFL 2013:2 3 FRÅN REDAKTIONEN 5 BARBRO STÅHLE SJÖNELL DET TIDIGA 1800-TALETS SVENSKA NOVELLISTIK Publikationssätt och novelltyper 19 BEATA AGRELL DIDAKTIK UTAN TENDENS Boccaccios falk och Per Hallströms novell ”Falken” 29 MIRANDA LANDEN NOVELLTITELN HOS HJALMAR SÖDERBERG 39 GUNILLA HERMANSSON KORT, KNAPP ELLER KANTIG? Något om expressionism och prosa i Norden 1910–1930 49 ANNA BOHLIN ATT TÄNKA MED ALLA SINNEN Aforismen och K. J. 61 PER-OLOF MATTSSON ETT NATIONELLT-PROLETÄRT NOVELLEPOS Ivar Lo-Johanssons Statarna 73 PER ISRAELSON TINGET I DIG Fasa och förundran i den fantastiska novellen 83 ALEXANDRA BORG LÄTTLÄST, KORTLÄST, SNABBLÄST Litteratur i det lilla formatet i digitaliseringens tidevarv 97 OMLÄSNING VIRGINIA WOOLF, A ROOM OF ONE’S OWN (1929) Ebba Witt-Brattström, Anders Johansson, Evelina Stenbeck 105 RECENSIONER Sigrid Schottenius Cullhed, Proba the Prophet; Friedrich Kittler & Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht, Isolde als Sirene; Anna Jörngården, Tidens tröskel; Nils Olsson, Konsten att sätta texter i verket; Marjorie Perloff, Differentiell poetik; Lina Samuelsson, Kritikens ordning 127 MEDVERKANDE FRÅN REDAKTIONEN Kortprosa är temat för detta nummer av TFL. De åtta artikelförfattarna närmar sig den korta prosans territorium från olika håll. Tidsmässigt spänner artiklarna över två sekel. Barbro Ståhle Sjönell inleder med en kartläggning av hur romantikens författare i början av 1800-talet lanserade novellen i Sverige; Alexandra Borg avslutar med en studie över den korta prosa- textens tillstånd i vår digitala samtid och diskuterar särskilt relationen mellan kort format och ny teknik. I artiklarna – och i tids spannet – där emellan görs sedan en rad spännande nedslag i framför allt den svenska kortprosans många olika uppenbarelseformer. Beata Agrell studerar hur Pär Hallströms ”Falken” går i dialog inte bara med Boccaccios falk i Decamerone utan också med novellgenrens didaktiska rötter. Miranda Landen inventerar olika sätt att ge noveller titlar och hämtar exempel ur Hjalmar Söderbergs omfångsrika novellproduk- tion. Gunilla Hermansson undersöker – med Pär Lagerkvist som utgångspunkt – kortprosans funktion i expressionisternas sökande efter nya uttryckssätt under perioden 1910 till 1930. Aforismen, en starkt betydelseladdad kortprosaform, står i centrum i Anna Bohlins artikel om Klara Johansons aforistik. Per-Olof Mattsson behandlar i sin tur nationalistiska drag i Ivar Lo-Johanssons novellsamling Statarna, bland annat genom att koppla den till Heidenstams Karolinerna och studera skildringarna av de så kallade galizierna. Per Israelson undersöker, slut- ligen, den fantastiska berättelsens fokusering på specifika ting och exemplifierar med noveller av Julio Cortázar, Stig Dagerman och Karin Tidbeck. I TFL:s stående inslag – omläsning – har turen kommit till Virginia Woolfs A Room of One’s Own från 1929. Tre litteraturvetare – Ebba Witt-Brattström, Anders Johansson och Evelina Stenbeck – läser Woolfs klassiker på nytt och reflekterar över vad den betytt för litteraturvetenska- pen men också för dem själva. Numret avslutas i sedvanlig ordning med en samling recensioner av nya litteraturvetenskapliga böcker. Denna gång börjar recensionsblocket med en avhandling om en kvinnlig diktare från 300-talet och avslutas med en avhandling om svensk litteraturkritik. Vi vill passa på att rikta ett varmt tack till Anders Mortensen som, efter lång och trogen tjänst, träder tillbaka från ordförandeskapet i Föreningen för utgivandet av Tidskrift för litteraturvetenskap. Samtidigt lyckönskar vi den nya ordföranden Daniel Möller. Maria Andersson & Per Anders Wiktorsson BARBRO STÅHLE SJÖNELL DET TIDIGA 1800-TALETS SVENSKA NOVELLISTIK Publikationssätt och novelltyper Under perioden 1810–1829 kom novellen, en Jonas Love Almqvists författarliv (2007–2009) i Sverige tidigare förbisedd genre, att lanseras att tillgå.3 Även utgåvor kan ge god informa- av romantikens författare. I denna artikel tion. Börje Räftegård har i Spader Dame och undersöks med vilka medel det skedde, vilka andra prosaberättelser ur svensk romantik (1987) publiceringsvägar som användes och vilka slags givit ut noveller av Clas Livijn, Gustaf Henrik noveller som introducerades. Mellin och Vilhelm Fredrik Palmblad med Ännu är den svenska novellens historia inte kommentarer. För att finna analyser av Lorenzo skriven, men grunden lades 1907 med Fredrik Hammarskölds novellistik får man emellertid Bööks Romanens och prosaberättelsen historia i gå till uppsatser i samlingsvolymer.4 Sverige intill 1809. Det är dags att bygga vidare, och en början kan vara att studera novell- URVALET beståndet under de närmast följande två Det är inte bara Bööks översikt över novell- decennierna. beståndet som fått bestämma den bortre grän- Vad beträffar romantiken som litterär rikt- sen för undersökningen. Svenska Akademiens ning saknas inte moderna svenska standard- ordbok ger också ett första belägg för ordet verk. Louise Vinges Morgonrodnadens stridsmän ”novell” som litterärt begrepp 1810. Tidigare (1978) och Horace Engdahls Den romantiska och ända fram till mitten av 1800-talet har or- texten (1986) är emellertid främst inriktade på det novell (nouvell, nouvelle) betytt ”nyhet”.5 epokens poetiska diktning. Forskning kring Den hitre gränsen är satt till 1829, året då den tidens novellistik får sökas i monografier så- tidigare så kallade ”Luckan” i Kungl. bib- som Henrik Wallheims En underbar berättelse liotekets databas slutar. Först 1988 har böcker om ridderliga äventyr. V. F. Palmblad och den utgivna i Sverige 1700–1829 katalogiserats romantiska romanen (2007), där också novellen fullständigt och blivit lättare tillgängliga för ”Amala” analyseras.1 Yvonne Lefflers ”Jag har forskningen.6 Ett starkare motiv för gränsen är fått ett bref …”. Den tidiga svenska brevromanen att litteraturhistorikerna brukar beteckna 1830 (2007) behandlar – titeln till trots – också no- som slutår för romantiken. Då ger Fredrika veller från perioden.2 I biografier ryms ofta vär- Bremer ut sitt andra häfte av Teckningar utur defulla analyser av noveller. För Almqvists del hvardagslifvet, där författaren fick sitt genom- finns Johan Svedjedals nyligen fullbordadeCarl brott med familje romanen Famillen H***. BARBRO STÅHLE SJÖNELL TFL 5 På 1830-talet ökade antalet utgivna noveller till frambringande äro nödiga, och framställes markant, inte minst genom förlagsserierna.7 I till upplysande af antingen någon tillfällig Uppsala initierade Nils Wilhelm Lundequist erfarenhets-observation (t. ex. berättelsen om 1831 utgivningen av ”Svenska noveller” och Sångerskan Antonelli), eller till bewisande af 1839 ”Folkskrifter”.8 någon moralisk sats (som den om den Italienska För att inringa novellmaterialet krävs en han- Köpmansfrun, eller den om Ferdinand), såsom terlig definition av genren, vilket inte är det lät- deßa ofta komma till tals i bildade sällskaper, taste, då praktiskt taget alla större genomgångar hwadan berättelserna äfwen måste wara af- av förslag till hur begreppet kan definieras har fattade i en lätt idealiserad Societets-ton.14 utfallit negativt. Det framgår exempelvis av Jørgen Dines Johansens ambitiösa Novelleteori Citatet är hämtat från en recension 1813 av efter 1945. En studie i litterär taxonomi (1970), Goethes ramnovellsamling Unterhaltungen där han främst inriktar sig på den livaktiga tyska deutscher Ausgewanderten i svensk översätt- genrediskussionen. Sammanfattningsvis avvisar ning, Tyska Flyktingars Tidsfördrif, publicerad Johansen de akrona definitionerna. I stället i Uppsalaromantikernas språkrör Swensk Lite­ föreslår han att man utarbetar en diakron och ratur­Tidning. Bakom den anonyma recen- differentiell beskrivning. Genrestudiets uppgift, sionen ligger troligen Hammarsköld.15 Flera av menar han, är att studera litterära traditioner synpunkterna på novellbegreppet återkommer och transformationer i ett historiskt förlopp.9 senare i den nordiska genredebatten under and- På senare tid vittnar bidragen i den rikhaltiga, ra hälften av 1900-talet, exempelvis skillnaden framför allt amerikanska, floran av antologier mellan roman och novell, där novellen skildrar över novellteori om att definitionsproblemet ett begränsat tidsavsnitt och handlingen är ännu inte är löst.10 Samtidigt har nyttan av att koncentrerad, att novellen kan
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