Suggestions for Further Reading

A list of the editions of Arnold's works and the secondary sources re• ferred to most frequently in this volume (along with notes on Nicholas Murray's recent biography and Cecil Y. Lang's first volume of a new edition of Arnold's letters) appears under the heading' Abbreviations of Frequently-Cited Sources' before the Preface. Good general intro• ductions to Arnold include Fraser Neiman, Matthew Arnold (New York: Twayne, 1968), and Stefan Collini, Arnold (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988). A few additional, important critical studies are listed below. For an annotated bibliography of the most significant contributions to twentieth-century Arnold criticism and scholarship (up to the year 1991), see Clinton Machann, The Essential Matthew Arnold (New York: G. K. Hall, 1993). A reliable survey of criticism through 1972 can be found in David DeLaura's bibliographical essay 'Matthew Arnold' in Victorian Prose: A Guide to Research (New York: Modern Language Association, 1973), pp. 249-320. An annual review of Arnold scholarship and criticism appears in the journal Victorian Poetry.

Ruth apRoberts, Arnold and God (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983). Paull F. Baum, Ten Studies in the Poetry of Matthew Arnold (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1958). A. Dwight Culler, Imaginative Reason: The Poetry of Matthew Arnold (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1966). David J. DeLaura, Hebrew and Hellene in Victorian England: Newman, Arnold, Pater (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1969). John Holloway, The Victorian Sage: Studies in Argument (London: Macmillan, 1953), pp. 202-43. William Madden, Matthew Arnold: A Study of the Aesthetic Tempera• ment in Victorian England (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1967). David G. Riede, Matthew Arnold and the Betrayal of Language (Univer• sity Press of Virginia, 1988). G. Robert Stange, Matthew Arnold: The Poet as Humanist (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1967). Lionel Trilling, Matthew Arnold, rev. edn (New York: Columbia Uni• versity Press, 1958).

162 Notes and References

1 Juvenilia

1. For an extreme version of this view see Nathan Cervo, "'Dover Beach", "Sohrab and Rustum", "Philomela", and "Stanzas from the Grande Chartreuse": The Iconography of Detritus', Arnoldian, 11 (Winter 1984), 24-31. Cervo contends that the poems listed in his title are 'grounded in an Oedipal complex'. 2. W. H. Auden, 'Matthew Arnold', Another Time: Poems (New York: Random House, 1940), p. 58.

2 Life and Work, 1841-53

1. The most influential general study of Arnold's poetic imagery is A. Dwight Culler's Imaginative Reason: The Poetry of Matthew Arnold (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1966). 2. F. R. Leavis, 'Literary Studies', in Education and the University (Lon• don: Chatto & Windus, 1943), pp. 66-86. 3. See, for example, Leon Gottfried, Matthew Arnold and the Romantics (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1963). 4. See, for example, E. D. H. Johnson, The Alien Vision of Victorian Poetry: Sources of the Poetic Imagination in Tennyson, Browning, and Arnold (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1952). 5. Unpublished Letters of Matthew Arnold, ed. Arnold Whitridge (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1923), p. 15. 6. See, for example, Sir Edmund Chambers, 'Matthew Arnold', Warton Lecture on English Poetry, Proceedings of the British Academy (1932), 23-45. 7. C. B. Tinker and H. F. Lowry, The Poetry of Matthew Arnold: A Com• mentary (London: Oxford University Press, 1940), p. 291. 8. North American Review, 77 (July 1853), 1-30. 9. See Vinod Sena, 'W. B. Yeats, Matthew Arnold, and the Critical Imperative', Victorian Newsletter, 56 (1979), 10-14. 10. The Correspondence of Arthur Hugh Clough, ed. Frederick L. Mulhauser (London: Oxford University Press, 1957), II, 477. 11. Walter Bagehot, 'Wordsworth, Tennyson and Browning', in Literary Studies (London: J. M. Dent, 1911), II, 316. 12. Christian Remembrancer, 27 (April 1854), 310-33.

3 Life and Work, 1854-61 1. 'A Raid Among Poets', New Quarterly Review (January 1854), 40. 2. John Holloway, The Victorian Sage: Studies in Argument (London: Macmillan, 1953), p. 203.

163 164 Notes and References

3. Most notably, William Robbins in The Arnoldian Principle of Flexibil• ity (Victoria, BC: University of Victoria, 1979). 4. Stefan Collini, Arnold (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988), p. 5.

4 Essays in Criticism (1865), New Poems (1867)

1. 'Essays in Criticism', North British Review, 3, new series (March 1865), 81. 2. Privately held letter dated 1 December 1864, from Arnold to his mother, quoted in CPW 4:345. 3. Two particularly suggestive and provocative commentaries on the poem are Norman H. Holland's psychoanalytical essay 'Psychological Depths and "Dover Beach"', Victorian Studies, 9 (1965 Supplement), 5-28, and Anthony Hecht's poem 'The Dover Bitch (A Criticism of Life)', Transatlantic Review, 2 (1960), 57-8, reprinted in The Hard Hours (London: Oxford University Press, 1967), p. 17. 4. See David J. DeLaura, 'Arnold, Clough, Dr. Arnold, and "Thyrsis"', Victorian Poetry, 7 (1969), 191-202. 5. Quoted by DeLaura, 'Arnold, Clough'. 6. Howard Foster Lowry (ed.), The Letters of Matthew Arnold to Arthur Hugh Clough (New York: Oxford University Press, 1932), p. 21; A. Dwight Culler, Imaginative Reason: The Poetry of Matthew Arnold (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press), p. 253. 7. 'Matthew Arnold's New Poems', Anthenaeum (31 August 1867), 265-6.

5 Life and Work, 1868-71

1. See Bernadette Waterman Ward, 'Ernest Renan's Averroism in the Religious Thought of Matthew Arnold', Nineteenth-Century Prose, 22, 1 (1995), 34-53. 2. The well-known titles of chapters in Culture and Anarchy cited here and below actually appeared for the first time in the second (1875) edition of the book. Chapters in the first edition were untitled. 3. For a concise account of the evolving meanings of 'culture' in nine• teenth-century England and Arnold's role in this process, see David J. DeLaura, 'Matthew Arnold and Culture: The History and the Prehistory', in Matthew Arnold in His Time and Ours: Centenary Essays, ed. Clinton Machann and Forrest D. Burt (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1988), pp. 1-16. Also see DeLaura's 'Arnold and Goethe: The One on the Intellectual Throne', in Victorian Literature and Society: Essays Presented to Richard D. Altick, ed. James R. Kinkaid and Albert J. Kuhn (Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1984), pp. 197-224. 4. See David DeLaura, 'Arnold and Carlyle', PMLA, 79 (1964), 104-29, and 'Carlyle and Arnold: The Religious Issue', in Carlyle Past and Present: A Collection of New Essays, ed. K. J. Fielding and Rodger L. Tarr (London: Vision Press, 1976), pp. 127-54. 5. Privately held letter of 16 December 1868 quoted by Super (CPW 5:412). Notes and References 165

6. See especially the Samuel Lipman edition of Culture and Anarchy, which prints the original 1869 text in unaltered form, along with modern commentary. 7. Eugene Goodheart, 'Arnold, Critic of Ideology', New Literary His• tory, 25 (1994), 415-28. 8. Sidney M. B. Coulling, 'Matthew Arnold and the Daily Telegraph', Review of English Studies, 12 (1961), 178. 9. George A. Sala, Life and Adventures (London: Cassell, 1895), I, 18-19. 10. The Nonconformist (7 February 1866), 119. 11. See J. Holloway, The Victorian Sage: Studies in Argument (London: Macmillan, 1953), pp. 215-19. 12. Introductory Lectures on Modern History (Oxford: J. H. Parker, 1842), p.180. 13. David DeLaura, Hebrew and Hellene in Victorian England: Newman, Arnold, and Pater (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1969), p. 230. 14. See George W. Stocking, Jr, 'Matthew Arnold, E. B. Tylor, and the Uses of Invention', American Anthropologist, 65 (1963), 783-99.

6 Religious Writings, 1870-7

1. W. H. G. Armytage, 'Matthew Arnold and W. E. Gladstone: Some New Letters', University of Toronto Quarterly, 18 (1949), 222. 2. 'Arnold on Puritanism and National Churches', Edinburgh Review, 133 (April 1871), 399. 3. 'Mr. Matthew Arnold and the Nonconformists', Contemporary Review, 14 (July 1870), 540-7l. 4. Leslie Stephen, 'Mr. Matthew Arnold and the Church of England', Fraser's Magazine, 2, new series (October 1870), 414. 5. J. H. Newman, The Idea of a University (London: Longman, 1947), p.107. 6. 'Amateur Theology: Arnold's Literature and Dogma', Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, 113 (June 1873), 685, 689. 7. 'Mr. Arnold's Gospel', Spectator, 46 (22 February 1873), 243-4. 8. Angelo de Gubernatis, 'Rassegna delle Letterature Straniere', Nuova Antologia di Scienze, Lettre ed Arti, 2nd series, 3 (December 1876), 880-1. 9. Super quotes from unpublished letters from Arnold to Knowles (CPW 7:436-7). 10. Unpublished letter quoted by Super (CPW 6:452). 11. 'God and the Bible', The Academy, 8 (18 December 1875), 618-19. 12. See Gilbert Geis and Ivan Bunn, 'Matthew Arnold and the Lowes• toft "Witches''', Nineteenth Century Prose, 20, 1 (1993), 1-17. 13. W. H. Mallock, The New Republic: or, Culture, Faith, and Philosophy in an English Country House (London: Chatto & Wind us, 1878), p. 31. 166 Notes and References

7 Life and Work, 1878-88

1. 'Mixed Essays. By Matthew Arnold', Athenaeum (8 March 1879), 303. 2. 'New Books', Blackwoods' Magazine 126 (July 1879), 90-1. 3. 'Falkland and the Puritans. In Reply to Mr. Matthew Arnold', Contemporary Review, 29 (April 1877), 925--43. 4. Herbert R. Coursen, Jr, "'The Moon Lies Fair": The Poetry of Matthew Arnold', Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, 4 (1964), 569-81. 5. See David J. DeLaura, 'The "Wordsworth" of Pater and Arnold: "The Supreme, Artistic View of Life"', Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, 6 (1966), 651-67. 6. George Levine, 'Matthew Arnold: The Artist in the Wilderness', Criti• cal Inquiry, 9 (1983), 469-82. 7. 'Mr. Matthew Arnold and Puritanism', British Quarterly Review 52 (July 1870), 187. 8. See The Note-Books of Matthew Arnold, ed. Howard Foster Lowry, Karl Young and Waldo Hilary Dunn (London: Oxford University Press, 1952). 9. The Complete Works of Algernon Charles Swinburne, ed. Edmund Gosse and T. J. Wise (New York: Wells, 1925-7), xiv, 85. 10. W. H. G. Armytage, 'Matthew Arnold and T. H. Huxley: Some New Letters, 1870-80', Review of English Studies, 4 (1953), 349-50. 11. Armytage, 'Matthew Arnold and T. H. Huxley', p. 352. 12. Lionel Trilling, 'Literature and Power', Kenyon Review, 2 (1940), 433-42. 13. 'Matthew Arnold's Visit', Literary World, 14 (15 December 1883), 446. 14. William T. Beauchamp, 'Plato on the Prairies', Educational Forum, 5 (1941), 285-95. 15. 'Matthew Arnold', Nation, 46 (19 April 1888), 316. 16. 'Count Tolstoy's Life and Works', Westminster Review 130 (September 1888),282.

Conclusion

1. Joseph Carroll, Evolution and Literary Theory (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1995), 370. Index of References to Arnold's Works

'Alaric at Rome', 6 'Ecce, Convertimur ad Gentes', 139 'Amie!', 157 Edmund Burke dn Irish Affairs 'Anarchy and Authority', 83 (edition, 1881), 141 'Austerity of Poetry', 68 'Emerson', 146-7, 149 Empedocles on Etna, 8, 26-7, 30, 'Balder Dead', 40-1, 145 32-4, 36-9, 67-9, 71, 74-5, Bible-Reading for Schools (edition 151 of Isaiah, 1872), 119, 120 Empedocles on Etna and Other 'Bishop and the Philosopher, The', Poems (1852), 32-6, 67 56-9, 101 England and the Italian Question 'Bishop Butler and the Zeit• (1859), 46, 62 Geist', 121 'Epilogue to Lessing's Laocoon', 68 'Buried Life, The', 26, 33-5, 36 'Equality', 123, 126, 128 'Byron', 134-7, 157 Essays in Criticism (1865), 48-9, 55, 58, 60-4, 77-8, 105, 122, 'Cadmus and Harmonia', 36 140 'Church of England, The', 121 Essays in Criticism, Second Series 'Civilisation in the United (1888), 126, 156-9 States', 149-50, 155 'Eugenie de Guerin', 56, 59, 63 'Church of Brou, The', 36 'Copyright', 139-40 'Faded Leaves' series, 27, 32, 36, 'Count Leo Tolstoi', 157-9 75, 151 'Courteous Explanation, A', 89 'Falkland', 123, 126-8 'Cromwell', 12, 14-15 'Farewell, A', 26 Culture and Anarchy (1869), 9, 29, 'First Sight of Italy, The', 4 49-50, 61, 64, 74, 76-100 'Forsaken Merman, The', 20-2, passim, 104, 121, 142, 145, 153 36, 151 'Culture and Its Enemies', 80-3 'Fragment of an "Antigone"', 20 'Fragment of a Chorus of a 'Dante and Beatrice', 56 "Dejaneira"', 67 'Democracy', 45, 126 'French Critic on Goethe, N, 122, Discourses in America (1885), 126 149-50 'French Critic on Milton, A', 122, 'Disestablishment in Wales', 153 126 'Dover Beach', 26, 31, 34, 67, 69 French Eton, A (1864), 46, 58-60, 'Dr Stanley's Lectures on the 64, 144 Jewish Church', 57, 59, 112 'French Play in London, The', 'Dream, A', 26, 75 139-40 Friendship's Garland (1871), 79, 'East London', 68, 73 89-96 passim, 107

167 168 Index of References to Arnold's Works

'Function of Criticism at the 'Lines Written in Kensington Present Time, The', 58, 60-3 Gardens', 33-6 76-7, 84, 94, 104, 141-2 'Lines Written on First Leaving 'Future, The', 38, 75 Horne for a Public School', 4 'Future of Liberalism, The', 139-40 'Lines Written on the Seashore at Eaglehurst', 4 'Geist's Grave', 151 'Literary Influence of Academies, 'George Sand', 122, 126 The', 58-61, 85 God and the Bible (1875), 101, Literature and Dogma (1873), 101, 116-22,140 110-16, 118, 120, 124, 137, 'Growing Old', 68, 69 140, 157 'Guide to English Literature, A', 'Literature and Science', 141-3, 149 122, 126 'Liverpool Address, A', 143 Lucretius (unfinished), 24, 27, 'Harp Player on Etna, The', 41 40-1, 43, 71-2 'Hayswater Boat, The', 16, 23 'Haworth Churchyard', 41, 125 'Marcus Aurelius', 58, 60 'Heine's Grave', 68, 73 Matthew Arnold Birthday Book, The 'Heinrich Heine', 58-61, 73 (1883), 150 Higher Schools and Universities in 'Maurice de Guerin' ('A Modern Germany (1868), 78, 120 French Poet'), 56, 59-60, 63, 'Horatian Echo', 152 135 'Meeting', 26 'Immortality', 68 'Memorial Verses', 30, 33 'In Harmony with Nature', 16 'Memory Picture, A' ('To my 'In Utrum que Paratus', 20 Friends who ridiculed a 'Incompatibles, The', 139-40 tender Leave-taking'), 20, 26, Irish Essays (1882), 139-41, 150 75 'Irish Catholicism and British Merope (1858), 41-3, 69, 71, 74, Liberalism', 123, 126 142, 151 'Isolation: To Marguerite', 26 'Milton', 155 Mixed Essays (1880), 126-8, 144 'John Keats', 134-5, 157 'Modern French Poet, A', see Johnson's 'Lives of the Poets' 'Maurice de Guerin' (edition, 1878), 128 'Modern Sappho, A', 20 'Joubert; or, a French Coleridge', 'Monica's Last Prayer', 68 58, 60, 63, 137 'Morality', 33 'My Countrymen', 64, 77-8, 88, 'Kaiser Dead', 141, 152 95 'Mycerinus', 16, 36 'Land of the East', 6 Last Essays on Church and Religion 'Nadir of Liberalism, The', 153 (1877), 101, 122-3, 126, 136 'Neckan, The', 36 'Last Word on the Burial's Bill, New Poems (1867), 67-76 A', 121 'New Sirens, The', 20 'Life in America', see 'Civilisation 'Numbers', 145-7, 149 in the United States' 'Lines written by a Death-Bed', 'Obermann Once More', 73, 75 32 'Old Playgoer, An' series, 140 Index of References to Arnold's Works 169

'On the Modern Element in 'Religious Isolation,' 20 Literature' series, 42, 43, 66, 'Resignation', 20-2, 130 74 'Richmond Hill', 36 On the Study of Celtic Literature 'River, The', 27 (1867), 65-7, 78-9, 104 'Rugby Chapel', 7, 15, 68, 72-3 On Translating Homer (1861), 46-50, 55, 58, 60, 62, 66, 133 'Saint Brandan', 67 'Scholar-Gipsy, The', 36-7, 71, 82, 'Pagan and Medieval Religious 151 Sentiment', 58, 60 'Schools', 152 'Parting', 26 Schools and Universities on the 'Persian Passion Play, A', 111 Continent (1868), 78-80, 136 'Persistency of Poetry', 68 Selected Poems (1878), 124-5, 128 'Philomela', 36 'Self-Deception', 32 Poems (1853), 32, 36-9, 41, 71, 140 'Self-Dependence', 33 Poems (1855), 41 'Shakespeare', 15 Poems (1869), 75-6, 124-5, 129 'Shelley', 157 Poems (1877), 124-5, 128-9 'Sick King in Bokhara, The', 20 Poems (Library Edition, 1885), 'Sohrab and Rustum', 8, 36-42, 149-50 71, 74-5, 151 Poems of Wordsworth (edition, 1879) 'Southern Night, A', 45, 67 Poetry of Byron (edition, 1881) 'Speech at Eton, A', 137, 139 'Poor Matthias', 141, 151 'Spinoza' ('Spinoza and the Popular Education of France, The Bible', 'A Word More about (1861), 17, 45, 59, 78, 126 Spinoza'), 57-8, 60 'Porro Unum Est Necessarium', St Paul and Protestantism (1870), 123, 126 86, 100-5, 108-9 'Power of Youth, The', 36 'Stagirius,' 16 Preface to Essays in Criticism 'Stanzas from Carnac', 67 (1865), 60-1, 90 'Stanzas from the Grande Preface to Irish Essays (1882), 139 Chartreuse', 31-2, 41, 67 Preface to Johnson's 'Lives of the 'Stanzas in Memory of the Poets' (1878), 128 Author of "Obermann"', 30, Preface to Last Essays on Church 33, 36, 73--4 and Religion (1877), 122-3 'Strayed Reveller, The', 4, 19-20, 36 Preface to Poems (1853), 8, 33, Strayed Reveller and Other Poems, 37--40, 42, 71, 137, 139 The (1849), 19-26, 35 Preface to Poems (1854, second 'Study of Poetry, The', 132--4, 157 edition of 1853 volume), 139 'Summer Night, A', 33, 35, 36 Prose Passages (1880), 151 'Switzerland' series, 25-6, 32, 34, 'Psychological Parallel, A', 121, 127 36, 69, 75, 151 'Puritanism and the Church of England', 104 'Terrace at Berne, The', 68-9 'Thomas Gray', 157 'Question, A' ('To Fausa'), 16, 20, 'Thyrsis', 37, 51, 67-8, 70-1, 74, 22 140, 151 'Quiet Work', 20, 38, 68 'To a Gipsy Child by the Sea-shore', 16, 22 'Rachel' sonnets, 68, 73 'To the Duke of Wellington', 16 170 Index of References to Arnold's Works

'To Fausta', see 'Question' 'West London', 68, 73 'To a Friend', 20 'Westminster Abbey', 141, 151 'To George Cruikshank', 20 'Word about America, A', 144, 149 'To Marguerite - Continued' (,To 'Word More about America, A', Marguerite, in Returning a 149, 155 Volume of the Letters of 'Word More about Spinoza, A', Ortis'), 26 see 'Spinoza' 'To my Friends who ridiculed a 'Wordsworth', 128-34, 157 tender Leave-taking', see 'World and the Quietist, The', 'Memory Picture' 20 'To a Republican Friend' sonnets, 'Written in Butler's Sermons', 16, 20,21 121 'Tolstoi', 157-9 'Written in Emerson's Essays', 16 'Tristram and Iseult', 32-5, 39 'Twice Revised Code, The', 52-3 'Youth's Agitations', 32 'Youth and Calm', 32 'Unregarded Irish Grievance, A', 'Youth of Man, The', 33 139-40 'Youth of Nature, The', 33, 36

'Voice, The', 16 'Zenith of Conservatism, The', 153 General Index

Academy, 122, 127 Arnold, Thomas (M.A.'s father), Adderly, Sir Charles, 63 1-9, 12, 14, 19, 64, 68, 70, 72, Aeschylus, 4 97, 108-9, 111, 115, 117, 127, Alfieri, Vittorio, 41 141, 154 Allott, Kenneth, 72 Arnold, Thomas (M.A.'s brother), America, 15, 144-5, 150, 152, 1,4-5, 10, 11, 13-14, 19, 27, 155--6; lecture tour of 1883-4, 139, 155 124, 143-9, 153 Arnold, Thomas (M.A.'s son), 43, Arnie!, Henri-Frederic, 157 45,98-9 apRoberts, Ruth, 162 Arnold, Trevenen William Aristotle, 80 ('Budge', M.A.'s son), 43, Armytage, W. H. G., 165, 166 98-9, 107-8, 113 Arnold, Basil Francis (M.A.'s Arnold, William (M.A.'s son),97-8 grandfather), 12 Arnold, Edward Penrose (M.A.'s Arnold, William Delafield brother), 10 (M.A.'s brother), 10, 19, 27, Arnold, Eleanor Mary Caroline 45,67 (M.A.'s daughter), 98, 113, Arnold, Walter (M.A.'s brother), 151-2 10 Arnold, Frances Bunsen Athenaeum, 67, 74, 126 Trevenen Whatley (M.A.'s Athenaeum Club, 55, 78, 89 sister), 9, 10, 90, 129 Auden, W. H., 8, 163 Arnold, Frances Lucy, nee Austen, Jane, 158 Wightman (M.A.'s wife), Austin, Alfred, 154 27-8, 30, 32, 34, 43-4, 51, Austro-Prussian War, 89 53-4, 97-9, 107, 113, 144, A verroes, 79-80 152, 156 Aytoun, William E., 23 Arnold, Jane Martha, see Forster, Jane Martha Bagehot, Walter, 39, 59, 163 Arnold, Lucy Charlotte, see Baines, Edward, 94 Whitridge, Lucy Charlotte Baum, Paull Franklin, 162 Arnold, Mary, nee Penrose Bazley, Sir Thomas, 95 (M.A.'s mother), 1-4, 8-12, Beauchamp, William T., 166 19, 29, 43, 72, 76-8, 107-9, Beranger, Pierre-Jean de, 18 115-16, 118 Bernhardt, Sarah, 140 Arnold, Mary (M.A.'s sister), see Bewick, Thomas, 3 Hayes, Mary Bhagavad Gita, 18, 20, 108 Arnold, Richard Penrose (M.A.'s Bible, 2, 57, 69, 80, 91, 101-24 son), 44, 98-9, 107-8, 124, passim, 133, 137, 145, 157 143 Bismarck, Otto von, 79 Arnold, Susanna (M.A.'s sister), Blackett, John, 43 see Cropper, Susanna Blackwood's, 114

171 172 General Index

Bloom, Harold, 71 Clough, Arthur Hugh, 5-7, 12-14, Bode, the Revd John Ernest, 41 20-3, 25, 27, 29-30, 35-7, 39, Boyle, George David, 35 49-51, 67, 70-1, 73, 89, 135, Bright, John, 83, 95 157-8 British Quarterly Review, 104, 125 Colenso, John William, 56-58, Broad Church Movement, 7, 13, 101 108, 127, 141 Coleridge, John Duke, 39, 156 Bronte, Charlotte, 41, 158 Coleridge, S. T., 4, 7, 16, 109, Brooke, Stopford, 122 145, 151 Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 23 Collini, Stefan, 50, 162, 164 Browning, Robert, 33, 68, 70, 76, Collins, John Churton, 142 160 Comte, Auguste, 95 Buckland, John, 2, 3 Contemporary Review, 104, 115-16, Buckland, Matt, 98 128 Buckle, Henry Thomas, 95 Cornhill Magazine, 56, 58-9, 66, Bunn, Ivan, 165 78, 80, 97, 103, 110-11, 114, Bunsen, C. C. J. von, 9 139 Bunsen, Georg von, 154 Coulling, Sidney M. B., 94, 117, 165 Bunyan, John, 3 Coursen, Herbert R., Jr, 166 Burke, Edmund, 19, 46, 84, Cousin, Victor, 45 139-41 Craik, George, 156 Burns, Robert, 134 Cromwell, Oliver, 15 Burt, Forrest D., 164 Cropper, Susanna, nee Arnold Butler, Bishop Joseph, 17, 121 (M.A.'s sister), 10 Butler, Henry Montagu, 99 Cross, Sir Richard, 152 Byron, George, Lord, 4-5, 18, Cudworth, Ralph, 127 23-4, 30, 134-7, 141 Culler, Arthur Dwight, 162, 163, 164

Cambridge Platonists, 127 Daily News, 52, 93, 95 Carlyle, Thomas, 12, 14, 16, 24, Daily News (Chicago), 148 81-2, 87, 89, 108, 146-7 Daily Telegraph, 62, 67, 90, 92-3, Carnegie, Andrew, 147 95 Carroll, Joseph, 161, 166 Dale, R. W., 104 Carte, Richard D'Oyly, 143-4, Dawson, Carl, 93 149 DeLaura, David J., 97, 162, 164, Celtic interests and influences, 165, 166 8-9, 65-7, 86, 139, 153 Derby, Earl of, 83 Century Magazine, 155 Dickens, Charles, 89, 158-9 Cervo, Nathan, 163 Disraeli, B., Earl of Beaconsfield, Chambers, Sir Edmund K., 163 53, 83, 125 Charles I, 15 Dissenters, see Nonconformists Chateaubriand, F. R. de, 35 Dowden, Edward, 122 Chaucer, Geoffrey, 134 Dryden, John, 134 Christian Remembrancer, 39 Dunn, Henry, 116 Church of England, 13, 28, 100-5, Dunn, Waldo Hilary, 166 108, 121, 154 Church, R. W., 105 Edinburgh Review, 59, 82, 93, 104 Clarendon Commission, 64 Elementary Education Act (1870), Claude, Mary, 25 53, 107, 152 General Index 173

Eliot, George, 159 Gibbon, Edward, 6 Eliot, Thomas Stearns, 105, 160-1 Gladstone, W. E., 83, 100, 149, Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 12, 17, 153 51, 89, 144, 146-7 Glanvill, Joseph, 37 Empedodes, 27, 47 Goethe, J. W. von, 12, 17, 18, 24, English Review, 23 26, 30, 35, 61, 81-2, 105-8, Epictetus, 20 125, 128, 135, 147 Epicureanism, 18 Goodheart, Eugene, 165 Gosse, Edmund, 166 Falkland, Lucius Cary, Viscount, Gottfried, Leon, 163 127 Granville, G. L.-G., 2nd Earl, Farrar, F. W., 155 64-5 Felix, Elisa-Rachel, 18, 68, 140 Gray, Thomas, 132, 134 Fellowes, B., 19, 32, 38 Gubernatis, Angelo de, 115, 165 Fielding, K. J., 164 Guerin, Eugenie de, 56 Firdousi, 36 Guerin, Marie de, 56 Flaubert, Gustave, 158 Guerin, Maurice de, 19, 56, 135 Fontanes, Ernest, 115 Guizot, Fran~ois, 45, 65 Forster, Jane Martha, nee Arnold ('K', M.A.'s sister), 10, 21-3, Hales, John, 127 27, 43-5, 53, 65-6, 97, 118, Hampden, R. D., 111 144, 146 Harrison, Frederic, 94-7, 105 Forster, William E., 27, 53, 55, 64, Harrow, 98-9, 107 139, 152 Hawkins, Edward, 18 Fortnightly Review, 70, 75, 93, 96, Hayes, Mary, nee Arnold (M.A.'s 123, 139 sister), 10 Foscolo, Ugo, 26 Hazlitt, William, 16 Fox How, 4, 6, 10, 25, 28, 30, 115 Healing, Thomas, 53 Fox How Magazine, 6 Hecht, Anthony, 164 France,S, 17-18, 28, 30, 44-6, 58, Heine, Heinrich, 53, 58, 60, 73, 65, 73, 78, 107, 111, 152; 81, 89-90, 105 French interests and Herodotus, 4 influences, 8-9, 44, 64, 79, Hewlett, Henry, 75 86, 89, 109-10, 112, 145, 158 Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, Franz Joseph (Emperor of 144 Austria), 46 Higher Criticism, 9, 57, 119 Fraser's Magazine, 23, 30, 32, 41, Hill, Herbert, 3 56, 59, 67 Hodder & Stoughton, 92 Friendship's Offering, 92 Holland,44 Friswell, James Hain, 92 Holland, Norman H., 164 Froude, J. A., 14,22, 31, 59 Holloway, John, 50, 95, 162, 163, 165 Garland, The, 92 Homer, 4, 19, 20, 36, 41, 47, 49, Geis, Gilbert, 165 67, 142 Germ, 23 Honan, Park, 6, 25, 26, 66, 73, 79, Germany, 17, 65, 78, 89, 152, 155; 145 German interests and Hopkins, G. M., 160 influences, 8-9, 44, 79, 90, Horace,S 109, 145 Hughes, Thomas, 72 174 General Index

Humboldt, Wilhelm von, 88 Longman (publisher), 38, 41, 45, Hume, David, 15 47,59, 104 Hutton, Richard Holt, 75, 105-6, 125 Lowe, Robert, 52, 83, 95 Huxley, Thomas Henry, 118, 121, Lowell, James Russell, 143-4 136-8, 141-2, 161 Lowry, Howard Foster, 163, 164, 166 Imitation of Christ, 108 Lucretius, 18, 24, 47, 72 Ireland and Irish issues, 67, 87, 107, 123, 139-41, 145, 150, Machann, Clinton, 162, 164 153 Macmillan & Co., 58-60, 67, 76, Italy, 28, 46, 65, 78-80, 113 92, 106, 140, 146, 149-50, 156 Macmillan, Alexander, 59, 113, James, Henry, 113, 144 120, 125, 128, 135 Jesus, 112, 117, 121 Macmillan, Sir Frederick, 156-57 Jewish intrests and influences, Macmillan's Magazine, 56-9, 67, 53,64 72, 93-4, 121, 128-9, 135, 146 Johnson, Edward Dudley Hume, 163 Madden, William A., 162 Johnson, Samuel, 128 Maffei, F. S., 41 Jones, Henry Arthur, 140 Mallock, W. H., 124, 165 Joubert, Joseph, 58 Mallet, Paul Henri, 40 Jowett, Benjamin, 14, 124 Marcus Aurelius, 58 Marguerite, 25-6, 32, 34, 69 Kant, Immanuel, 18, 24 Martineau, Harriet, 41 Kay-Shuttleworth, Sir James, 52 Mayne, Richard, 83 Keats, John, 21, 31, 34, 37, 71, 97, Miall, Edward, 94-5 131-2, 134-5, 151 Mill, John Stuart, 47, 94 Keble, John, 2 Milton, John, 31, 36, 70, 127, 129, Kingsley, Charles, 23 131, 133 Kinkaid, James R., 164 Moberly, George,S Knowles, James T., 116, 149, 153 Morley, John, 132, 156 Koran, 80 Morning Star, 95 Kuhn, Albert J., 164 Moses, 72 Mulhauser, Frederick L., 163 Lacordaire, J.-B.-H., 45-6, 58 Mundella, A. J., 138 Lake, William, 6 Murray, Nicholas, 162 Laleham-on-Thames, 1,2, 4, 10, 98-9, 156 Napoleon III, 56, 89 Lancaster, Henry, 60 Nation, 147-8 Lang, Cecil Y., 162 National Review, 58-9, 153 Lansdowne, Henry P.-F., 3rd National and English Review, 76 Marquess, 19, 27-9, 139 Neiman, Fraser, 162 Leavis, Frank R., 15, 163 New Quarterly, 42 Lee, James Price,S New York Tribune, 155 Leech, Miss, 98 Newcastle Commission, 44-5, 52, Levine, George, 166 58,64 Lingen, Ralph, 52 Newman, Francis W., 47, 49 Lipman, Samuel, 165 Newman, John Henry, 8, 10-12, Literary World, 147 16-17, 31, 61, 82, 84, 105-8, London Quarterly Review, 118 138-9, 141, 147, 165 General Index 175

Niebuhr, B. G., 7, 9 Revised Code (1862), 52-3, 65 Nineteenth Century, 123, 139, 141, Reynolds, S. H., 63 144, 149, 153, 155 Richter, Jean Paul, 19 Nonconformist, 93-4, 103 Riede, David G., 162 Nonconformists, 19, 28,52, 94, Rintoul, R. S., 38 100-5, 121, 123, 153-4 Ripon, Lord (George F. S. North American Review, 144 Robinson), 113 North British Review, 35, 60 Robbins, William, 164 Norton, Charles Eliot, 146 Robertson, Miss, 3 Roebuck, J. A., 63, 94 Oliphant, Margaret O. W., 127 Roman Catholic Church, 10, 12, Osgood, James R., 140 28, 31, 139, 153, 155 Ovid,3 Romanticism and the Romantic Oxford, 6, 8, 10-28 passim, 37, 51, Movement, 15, 22, 24, 34, 39, 70, 101, 107, 124, 142; Celtic 74, 113, 128-9, 134-5 Chair, 67, 139; Arnold's Roscoe, William, 39, 42 Poetry Professorship and Rossetti, William Michael, 23 lectures, 41-3, 44, 46-8, 53, Rothschild, Anthony de, 53 55, 65-7, 80-1, 123, 150 Rothschild, Lady Louisa de, 53, Oxford Movement, see Tractarian 63, 115 Movement Royal Commission on Education, 152 Palgrave, Francis T., 14, 71 Rugby, 2-8 passim, 13, 17, 18, 70, Pall Mall Gazette, 88-90, 140 72,94,98 Pater, Walter, 97, 131 Ruskin, John, 63, 87 Pattison, Mark, 126-7 Russell, Lord John, 19, 83 Paul, St, 86, 100-5 passim, 109, Rutland, Miss, 3 121 Penrose, Trevenen, 17 Sainte-Beuve, C. A., 17, 30, 45-6, Pfordresher, John, 93 56, 61, 107, 122 Plato, 145 Sala, George Augustus, 62, 92-3, Pope, Alexander, 134 165 Price, Bonamy, 5 ~alisbury, 3rd Marquess of, 101 Propertius, 80 Sand, George, 12, 14, 18, 30, 158 Punch, 124 Sandford, Francis, 138 Pusey, E. B., 13 Sardinia, 46 Saturday Review, 48, 62-3, 74, 93, Quaire, Fanny Du, 43 95 Quarterly Review, 59, 93, 122 Scherer, Edmond, 122, 127, 157 Quillinan, Edward, 30 Scott, Sir Walter, 4 Quintilian, 112 Sellar, William Young, 14 Sellon, the Rev, 3 Reform Acts, (1832), 82; (1867), Sena, Vinod, 163 82-4 Senancour, E. P. de, 18, 26, 30, 158 Reform League, 83 Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Reville, Albert, 114, 20 Cooper, 7th Earl of, 118-19, Renan, Ernest, 44-5, 58, 61, 65, 141 80, 103, 108, 110 Shairp, John Campbell, 14, 22, Reuss, Edouard, 103 105, 106 176 General Index

Shakespeare, William, 15, 16, 129, Thackeray, W. M., 110, 158 131, 135 Thomas of Savoy, Prince, 99 Shelley, P. B., 70, 105-6, 134, 160 Thucydides, 31 Sidgwick, Henry, 94-5 Ticknor & Fields, 60, 140 Simpkinson, J. N., 104 Times, The (London), 52, 67, 92, 93 Skelton, John, 75 Tinker, C. B., 163 Slade, Wyndham, 29 Tolstoy, Leo, 157-9 Smalley, George W., 155-6 Tractarian Movement, 2, 12-13 Smith, Alexander, 35, 49 Tribune, 148 Smith, Elder & Co., 66, 110, 116, Trilling, Lionel, 143, 162, 166 139, 150-1 Tuffin, Mrs, 97-8 Smith, George, 59, 66, 83, 91-2, Tulloch, John, 114, 127 103-4, 110-11, 119-20, 126, Tylor, E. B., 97 128, 138-9, 143, 148 Smith, Goldwin, 89-90, 127-8 Vico, G. B., 7 Smith, John, 127 Victoria Regia, 67 Sophocles, 5, 20, 31, 41, 142 Victorian Magazine, 58 Southey, Robert, 3 Vinet, Alexandre, 80 Spectator, 38, 74, 93, 105, 114, 156 Virgil, 3, 5 Spinoza, Baruch, 56-8, 101, 107-8, Voltaire, 41, 89 111, 121 Stael, Anne-Louise Germaine de, Wagner, Richard, 34 26 Wales, 28, 66, 153-4 Stange, George Robert, 162 Walpole, Spencer, 83 Stanley, Arthur Penrhyn, 7, 14, Walrond, Theodore, 13, 29, 44 41, 57, 118, 141 Ward, Humphrey, Mrs (Mary Stephen, James Fitzjames, 47-8, Augusta Arnold Ward), 132, 62-4,72, 77 157 Stephen, Leslie, 74-5, 94, 96, Ward, Bernadette Waterman, 104-5, 110, 165 164 Stocking, George W., Jr, 165 Ward, T. Humphrey, 132 Stoicism, 18, 58 Westminster Review, 63, 159 Sturluson, Snorri, 40 Whately, Richard, 111 Super, Robert H., 108, 132, 164, 165 Whitridge, Arnold, 163 Swinburne, A. G., 34, 70, 75, 82, Whitridge, Frederick, 149 131, 135-6 Whitridge, Lucy Charlotte, nee Swift, Jonathan, 81, 89 Arnold (M.A.'s daughter), Switzerland, 25, 28, 32, 44, 73, 44, 98, 113, 144, 149, 150, 107, 138, 152 155-6 Symonds, J. A., 131 Wightman, Sir William, 27, 28, 44 Tait, Archibald Campbell, 12, 17 Wightman, Lady, 44, 113 Tarr, Rodger L., 164 Wilberforce, Samuel, Bishop of Taunton Commission, 65, 72, 78 Winchester, 118 Temple, Frederick, 64, 98 Wilde, Oscar, 144 Temple Bar, 76 Winchester College, 4, 5 Tennyson, Alfred, Lord, 21, 23-4, Wise, T. J., 166 29, 34, 37, 60, 71-2, 76, 132, Wolf, Friedrich, 49 135, 157, 160 Wood, Dr Wallace, 132 General Index 177

Woolf, Virginia, 48 Xenophon, 4 Wordsworth, William, 4, 16-17, 22, 24, 30, 31, 73, 107, 108, Yeats, W. B., 38 114-15, 125, 128-37 passim, Young, Karl, 166 141, 147, 160 Wright, 1. c., 62 Zeitgeist, 6, 73, 112, 161