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Dena Grid Study II – Integration of Renewable Energy Sources in the German Power Supply System from 2015 – 2020 with an Outlook to 2025

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Dena Grid Study II – Integration of Renewable Energy Sources in the German Power Supply System from 2015 – 2020 with an Outlook to 2025 dena Grid Study II – Integration of Renewable Energy Sources in the German Power Supply System from 2015 – 2020 with an Outlook to 2025 Summary of the main results by the project steering group Amprion GmbH, BARD Engineering GmbH, Federal Ministry for the Environment, Natu- re conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU), Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi), Bundesverband der Energie- und Wasserwirtschaft e.V. (BDEW), EnBW Trans- portnetze AG, E.ON Netz GmbH, EWE Netz GmbH, Siemens AG, Stiftung Offshore – Windenergie/Offshore Forum Windenergie GbR, TenneT TSO GmbH, Forum Netztech- nik/Netzbetrieb im VDE (FNN), Bundesverband WindEnergie e.V. (BWE), Verband Deut- scher Maschinen- und Anlagenbauer e.V. Fachverband Power Systems (VDMA Power Sys- tems), VGB PowerTech e.V., Zentralverband Elektrotechnik- und Elektronikindustrie e.V. (ZVEI), 50Hertz Transmission GmbH dena Grid Study II – Summary of the main results by the project steering group. Seite 2/26 1 Background The key decisions on the future energy policy for fundamental restructuring of the power supply systems in Germany and Europe have been made. The challenge which faces us is to implement a successful cli- mate protection strategy with a guaranteed and economical supply as part of deregulated energy markets in Europe. The energy policy goals for a faster expansion of renewable energy in the German power sup- ply, in particular the continued expansion of wind energy, are closely related to this. These objectives can only be reached by optimising the integration of renewable electricity generation with the conventional power plants in the context of international power trading within Europe. The inte- gration of fluctuating electricity generation from wind energy as well as photovoltaics makes additional demands on the design and operation of the electricity transmission grids, and requires adjustments in other power generation systems as well as increased flexibility of the overall system. As early as spring 2005, the study “Energiewirtschaftliche Planung für die Netzintegration von Windener- gie in Deutschland” (Planning of the Grid Integration of Wind Energy in Germany Onshore and Offshore up to the Year 2020, dena Grid study I), written by a consortium of experts commissioned by a wide range of interested parties under the direction of the Germany Energy Agency (dena GmbH), was published. The dena Grid Study I investigated the extension needed in electricity transmission grids to reach the target of generating 20% of all energy from renewable sources by 2015. As a result, power line-specific grid en- hancement measures and an extension requirement of 850 km of new routes by 2015 in the German transmission grid were established. The routes required in accordance with the dena Grid Study I were incorporated in the Power Grid Expansion Act (EnLAG 2009) as priority projects. In conjunction with the continuation of the European climate protection goals, the German government decided in 2007 to increase the proportion of renewable energy in the power supply by 2020 to 25% – 30%. The September 2010 German Government Energy Concept confirms the objective of continuing to in- crease the percentage of renewable energy in all areas of power supply significantly, and sets a target margin of 35% by 2020 for the percentage of renewable energy in the supply of electricity. 2 dena Grid Study II: framework and objectives The objective of the dena Grid Study II is to investigate suitable system solutions for the German power supply system (up to 2020 with an outlook to 2025), to fully integrate 39% renewable energy in the power supply into the German power grid while guaranteeing the security of supply and taking the effects of the liberalised European energy market into account. The dena Grid Study II assumes that the grid enhancement and expansion measures determined in the dena Grid Study I have been implemented1. 1 Of the grid expansion measures totalling 850 km determined in the dena Grid Study I, approximately 90 km had been implemented by the completion of the dena Grid Study II. Page 2 of 26 dena Grid Study II – Summary of the main results by the project steering group. Seite 3/26 A viewpoint which focuses on the relatively distant future, and which is very broad and system oriented was chosen to strategically prepare for energy policy and energy economy decisions with a medium to long-term reach, and to appropriately classify innovative technical solutions. The dena Grid Study II goes far above and beyond merely establishing grid extension requirements. Both demand-side measures for shifting loads and new storage technologies suitable for optimising the overall system were investigated. The dena Grid Study II is divided into three main sections which are closely linked to one another: Generation of time series for electricity feeding from wind energy and photovoltaics Requirements and options for the extension of the transmission grids (380 kV extra high voltage level) Complete integration of electricity generation from wind energy and other renewable energy sources taking the increase in flexibility on the supply and demand sides in the electricity system into account The dena Grid Study II was drawn up and financed intersectorally with substantial involvement of the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (Bundesministe- rium für Umwelt, Reaktorsicherheit und Naturschutz, BMU) and the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, BMWi)2. Representatives of the Federal Network Agency (BNetzA) and representatives of the Federal States3 nominated by the conference of Min- isters for Economics also took part in the meetings of the project steering group. The study was drawn up by a consortium of authors under the direction of the Institute of Energy Econom- ics (Energiewirtschaftliches Institut, ewi) at the University of Cologne in collaboration with the German Wind Energy Institute (Deutsches Windenergie-Institut GmbH, DEWI), Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy and Energy System Technology (Fraunhofer Institut für Windenergie und Energiesystemtechnik, IWES), 50Hertz Transmission GmbH, Amprion GmbH, EnBW Transportnetze AG and TenneT TSO GmbH. Prof. Ulrich Wagner (German Aerospace Centre [Deutsches Institut für Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik, DLR]) and Prof. Armin Schnettler (High Voltage Technology Institute [Institut für Hochspannungstechnik] at RWTH Aachen) were appointed as expert external auditors by the project steering group. dena initiated the entire study project, directed the project steering group, and was responsible for project management. 2 The following voting members were represented in the project steering group as sponsors of the dena Grid Study II: Amprion GmbH, BARD Engineering GmbH, Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU), Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi), Bundesverband der Energie- und Wasserwirtschaft e.V. (BDEW), Bundesver- band WindEnergie e.V. (BWE), EnBW Transportnetz AG, E.ON Netz GmbH, EWE Netz GmbH, Siemens AG, Stiftung Offshore – Windenergie/Offshore Forum Windenergie GbR, TenneT TSO GmbH, Forum Netztechnik/Netzbetrieb im VDE (FNN), Verband Deutscher Maschinen- und Anlagenbauer e.V. Fachverband Power Systems (VDMA Power Systems), VGB PowerTech e.V., Zentralver- band Elektrotechnik- und Elektronikindustrie e.V. (ZVEI), 50Hertz Transmission GmbH 3 The representatives of the Federal States have taken part in the meetings of the project steering group since October 2009. Page 3 of 26 dena Grid Study II – Summary of the main results by the project steering group. Seite 4/26 The dena Grid Study II was accompanied by a continuous dialogue of the project steering group with the consortium of authors to develop a solution borne by all parties involved. Using in-depth scientific methods, the dena Grid Study II investigates the following areas: Review of the scenarios of the dena Grid Study I for the expansion of on and offshore wind energy, and for the expansion development of other renewable energy sources Development of expansion scenarios for electricity generation from renewable energy sources until 2020 (with an outlook to 2025) Modelling of the development of the power plant fleet until 2020 Methods of transporting the wind energy output from the North and Baltic Seas to the load centres Continued development of the connection design for offshore wind farms Identification of non-transmittable capacity, determination of the necessary extension of the trans- mission grids and comparison of available technical alternatives for grid extension Testing the potential of flexible line management (FLM) and high temperature conductors (TAL) to increase and optimise the transmission capacity of existing overhead lines in the extra high voltage grid Investigation of options for increasing flexibility in the integration of renewable energy sources such as use of storage facilities or the potential of demand-side management Analysis of the requirements for renewable energy generation plants regarding security of supply e.g. islanding and black start capabilities Page 4 of 26 dena Grid Study II – Summary of the main results by the project steering group. Seite 5/26 Flexible Line Management Environmental Impact High Temperature Public Acceptance Conductors Innovative Availability & Transmission Technologies Economic Efficiency 100% Integration of Renewable Energy 39 % Renewable System Security
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