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Rathbone Greenbank Review Modern slavery: whose business is it? 19th Annual Investor Day 2016 Guest speakers: Steve Chalke MBE Stop the Traffik Miriam Minty Modern Slavery Unit, Home Office Louise Nicholls Marks and Spencer Plc Greenbank Investor Day 2016 rathbonegreenbank.com Contents Steve Chalke MBE Founder, Stop the Traffik 4 Miriam Minty Deputy Head of Modern Slavery Unit Home Office 6 Slavery and the smartphone: making the connections 8 Matt Crossman Ethical Research & Corporate Engagement Rathbone Greenbank Investments 10 Louise Nicholls Head of Responsible Sourcing Marks and Spencer Plc 12 Steve Chalke in conversation with Matt Crossman 14 Editor Deputy editor Perry Rudd Andy McCormick Head of Ethical Research Infographic research Serena Winther If you have any comments on this publication, please let me know. [email protected] The views expressed are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of Rathbone Greenbank Investments. Cover image: Migrant worker from Cambodia at work on a fishing boat in Mahachai on the outskirts of Bangkok. © Nicolas Asfouri /AFP/Getty Images Inside cover image: The stairwell at the Institution of Engineering and Technology, where this year’s Investor Day was held, displaying over 200 portraits of engineering icons from the past and present. 2 rathbonegreenbank.com Greenbank Investor Day 2016 Welcome to the Investor Day 2016 edition of the Rathbone Greenbank Review efore and during the event, a number of delighted to see several years of engagement clients asked for more information about effort, led by our own Matt Crossman, We were delighted to welcome Bthe image featured on the invitation, culminate in the inclusion of a supply chain which also appears on the front cover of this transparency clause in the UK’s Modern our largest ever audience to edition of our Review. Slavery Act 2015. the Institution of Engineering and Technology to hear an The picture is of an unnamed Cambodian Our efforts have carried on through our fisherman working on a prawn fishing boat in co-sponsorship of Finance Against Trafficking’s impressive lineup of speakers Thailand. Human trafficking and forced labour 2015 report on forced labour and we will discuss the twin scourges is endemic in the fishing industry, primarily continue to press for enhanced disclosure in the developing world, although cases have by companies on efforts to eradicate slavery of modern slavery and been identified as close to home as the coasts from their supply chains. human trafficking. of Ireland and Scotland. We were therefore delighted to be able to It is not uncommon for migrant workers to assemble such a knowledgeable panel of how the company’s ethical trade programme pay to be smuggled across the border, only to speakers for the event — and were especially has advanced over the past decade. find that they have been sold on and enslaved privileged to have Steve Chalke, founder of to a boat captain. They may end up working in Stop the Traffik, as our keynote speaker. In this Review we have chosen the manufacture, dangerous and squalid conditions, remaining By way of his infectious enthusiasm — and no sale and disposal of smartphones to illustrate at sea for years at a time and being traded little humour — Steve filled the auditorium the complexity of modern supply chains — and from boat to boat. Sickness or injury can often with the idea of bringing about change by both the stages at which slavery can occur. lead to unprofitable workers simply being empowering individuals and collective action. pushed overboard. Aside from the moral obligation to give thought Our thanks also go to our other speakers who to human welfare in all regions of the world, This image shows just one face of modern represented the policy making and corporate as consumers and investors we may find slavery but, as our speakers were keen to stress, response to modern slavery. Miriam Minty was ourselves more closely connected to slavery this is an issue which takes many forms both recently appointed deputy head of the Modern than we might think. overseas and close to home. Slavery Unit at the Home Office so we were grateful that she agreed to speak in her first John David The broader issue of human rights and labour month in the post. Louise Nicholls, head of standards has always been integral to our responsible sourcing at Marks & Spencer, has Head of Rathbone Greenbank Investments research at Rathbone Greenbank so we were been with M&S for over 20 years and outlined Video highlights of the event and interviews with Steve Chalke are available on our website: rathbonegreenbank.com/investor-day 3 Greenbank Investor Day 2016 rathbonegreenbank.com Steve Chalke MBE Stop the Traffik Steve is the founder of Stop the Traffik and special adviser to the UN Global Initiative to Fight Human Trafficking. He began public life as a Baptist minister and created the Oasis Charitable Trust before setting up Stop the Traffik as a global coalition to prevent the sale and exploitation of people, prosecute traffickers and provide ongoing protection to victims. Working to end the crime of global teve came to found Stop the Traffik in human trafficking, Steve and Stop 2006 armed with plenty of insight into Sthe world of trafficking through his the Traffik have learned over the engagement projects with Oasis, a charity years just how resourceful and he set up 30 years ago to help communities motivated those that profit from it with their educational, housing and healthcare needs. are. Their intelligence-led response aims to reduce the advantages Growing up in south London with an Indian enjoyed by traffickers through father, Steve had the impression that India was a wonderful country where appliances collective, coordinated community never broke and nothing ever went wrong! action worldwide. Increased When he began to think about extending the investor scrutiny of company work of Oasis to countries outside the UK, activities and supply chains is an India seemed like an obvious place to start. He travelled through the country, speaking in important part of that response. various cities along the way, but what he saw there devastated him. India is a country of great beauty and wealth, but it is also afflicted with huge poverty. It was during this time that he first witnessed human trafficking. Having begun by establishing schools among the rag-picking communities of Mumbai — communities established around railway stations, living off the refuse thrown from trains — Steve soon discovered that many of the children they were working with were disappearing. At the time, it was assumed that parents were pulling their children out of school to beg, but research into these disappearances uncovered a far 4 rathbonegreenbank.com Greenbank Investor Day 2016 Left: Sex workers in Mumbai. Stop the Traffi k’s information gathering and sharing app for mobile devices. more horrifying truth. These children were represent? We don’t know enough about the person eventually looks for a way to stop them being stolen and traded, forced into domestic impact we’re making, even at home, and that’s falling in. Investors, businesses, thinkers and or military service or pressed into the sex why right now we’re on the losing side. policymakers alike all have a role to play in industry — sometimes even being sold for going upstream because the traffi ckers are body parts or human sacrifi ce. Stop the Traffi k determined to put more people in that river was born out of a response to this harrowing A bullet or a shot of heroin can only and make more of that easy money. introduction to modern slavery. be sold and used once but a person Coordinated, intelligence-led prevention is the The UN agencies Steve works with have can be sold ten times a day. key. To this end, Stop the Traffi k was inspired all manner of statistics at their fi ngertips. by the wartime work of Gordon Welchman, But they also know that until communities the forgotten hero of Bletchley Park, who are mobilised against human traffi cking, these When Steve took up his role with the UN, created giant maps of traffi c analysis to plot statistics won’t help. In 2010, the UN Offi ce on human traffi cking was the world’s third-biggest and pre-empt enemy movements. Seeing the Drugs and Crime produced a book analysing crime behind the illegal traffi cking of drugs life-saving eff ects of his work, Stop the Traffi k aspects of traffi cking in every country in the and arms. Now, modern slavery has overtaken realised that it had to do something similar to world. At its launch, the agency’s executive drugs and is catching up fast on arms because map modern slavery. Over two years, it has put director, Antonio Maria Costa, held up a copy, no-one gets out of bed each day to traffi c together an app — the STOP APP — that gives quoted some leading statistics from it then people — they do it to make money. A bullet anyone anywhere in the world the means to advised those present to throw it away! or a shot of heroin can only be sold and used feed in and share information about actual or It wasn’t defi nitive — a collection of guesses once but a person can be sold ten times a suspected traffi cking, forced labour or abuse. at best — but it was a means to begin working day — and can continue to be sold, used and All the data is then interpreted and shared on something more useful. abused until he or she is dead.